246

‫اب ا ب ا‪%( :‬ت اب ا &‪%‬ل ب ‪"#‬ن ‪2006‬‬
‫‪ "8‬آ‪8 9: #‬آ ?"‪= >8‬ر<; ‪ 9:‬ا"‪8‬ة(‬ ‫‪ 3,45‬اآ‪01‬ر رون ‪) ,-‬‬

‫‪ ,E8‬ا‪D‬ره"ب وا>‪ B‬ا"‪9A‬‬
‫آ"ن ب ‪ K5 2006‬إ‪A‬ا‪ ;I‬وب ا ‪G0H8‬ن ب ‪ F‬ه"م ‪O: .‬ول ‪8‬ة ‪"N 9:‬ر<‪ "RS‬ا>‪H‬ي‪،‬‬
‫‪0T‬رت إ‪A‬ا‪ ;I‬وة اب ا آ‪E‬ء ‪E1< U‬أ ‪ "RN",(Y K8‬ا>‪ ،<H‬وآ"ن أداء وة اب‬
‫ا أ]; ‪8 K8‬ض ‪0Y [#5‬ا‪ (ZN ;8‬و ا‪D‬دارة ا>"‪, 8‬ب ‪ ."RF‬ه_^ ا(‪ ;,N "4‬ا‪a‬هاف‪،‬‬
‫‪08‬ا‪ c‬ا‪"4‬ش‪ ،‬و]‪0‬ات ا‪"d<D‬ل ا(‪ 9: 8S1‬آ; (‪ ,‬اب ا‪ .‬إ‪"8 "RF‬و ‪e,Y 5"?f‬‬
‫‪.U‬‬
‫ا‪i‬ال ا‪0 9A"Aa‬ل ‪ "8‬إذا آ"ن ه_ا ا(‪0RE‬د ا(‪_#‬ول ‪ً ">:‬‬
‫‬
‫‪0(N 12 9:‬ز ‪#Y ،2006‬ت ‪ 9,N"48 K8 Y0(E8‬ب ا اود ‪ K5‬إ‪A‬ا‪ ;I‬و‪"#‬ن وآ(‪ k‬ور<‬
‫‪ lE, >5"N‬ا‪AD‬ا‪ k,1] ،9,I‬أر‪0? K8 >5‬ده" و&‪ kn‬إ‪ .Km‬آ"‪ ,(Y kF‬ب ‪"5"dY‬ت ?<‪،o‬‬
‫‪ ,(Y‬دت ا‪#‬ا< (‪0‬ا?‪<? <HY R‬ة ‪ K5‬ه_<‪ K‬ا>و<‪ K‬ا‪ .K(<4‬إذ ]"‪ k8‬إ‪A‬ا‪ ،;I‬ردًا ‪e,Y‬‬
‫ا‪0ER‬م‪%Tr5 ،‬ق ا>"ن (‪ Bd] ,‬ه"‪ ;]">8 :R18 ,I‬ب ا و‪"S8‬زن ا‪0d‬ار<‪0? 9: p‬ب ‪"#‬ن‬
‫و‪5‬وت‪ c8 .‬ذ‪ ،s‬آ"ن ‪0ER,‬م ا‪AD‬ا‪،9,I‬ا_ي آ"ن ‪"#Y‬رة ‪ <0? ,(Y KY‬و‪18 >:8‬ة‪;o mtN ،‬‬
‫‪ e,Y‬ب ا‪ ،‬ا_ي ‪"YA‬ن ‪5 "8‬أ ]‪"(- Bd‬ل إ‪A‬ا‪0d5 ;I‬ار<‪ p‬ا‪ ."-0N"H‬و‪ >u5 >5‬أ<"م‪ ،‬و‪c8‬‬
‫‪0x‬ار<‪ p‬ب ا ا‪>5 wT"8 k"T 91‬ة ‪ ;v8‬ا‪uS‬ة ‪ k-‬إ‪A‬ا‪ ;I‬ه‪8 "ً <5 "ً 80E‬ودًا ‪"8 9:‬و‬
‫‪0? Rn1 ,-":‬ب ‪"#‬ن ‪ K8‬ب ا وو‪ Bd4 c‬ا‪0d‬ار<‪ 9: .p‬آ; ا‪0a‬ال‪ ،‬و‪ >5 y4:‬ه‪F‬‬
‫‪Research Services Group‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬

‫‪ <"Y5 k(N‬ا‪"<U0‬ت ا(‪1‬ة وا‪ 38a‬ا(‪1‬ة‪ ،‬د&; ا‪"ND‬ق ا‪ B]01 _1‬أ&ًا وا‪ ;5‬ا‪0d‬ار<‪p‬‬
‫وا‪"14‬ل‪.‬‬
‫‪ c8‬إ‪"R1F‬ءاب ‪= 14 9:‬ب‪ ،‬إ‪ kR1F‬ه_^ اب ا(‪{d‬ة ا‪ 91‬دا‪"Fr5 "ً 80< 33 k8‬ب ا‪lE‬‬
‫ا‪AD‬ا‪ K8 9,I‬ا‪0E‬ب ا‪ K8 y,& }F"H8 ; ،9F"#,‬ا‪04‬ات ا‪ F"#,‬وا(‪>1‬دة ا‪"E‬ت‪ .‬إ‪ kR1F‬ه_^‬
‫اب دون أن <‪ KH(1‬أي ‪ K8‬ا<‪ K4‬إد‪"Y‬ء ا‪ ،d‬و‪ ;8">N‬آ; ‪Y c8 "(R8‬د ‪ K8‬ا‪ "<"u4‬ا>"‪x‬‬
‫وا(‪E1‬ة ا‪"#,: .44‬ن رأى ?ءًا ‪5 ،}1(x"Y K8‬وت‪ً88 ،‬ا وأرا} ا‪ .]08 50E‬و‪ُN‬ك‬
‫ب ا ‪ .,R,R8 <HY 1N #5 }F‬أ‪ "8‬إ‪A‬ا‪ ،;I‬إى ا‪04‬ى ا>‪ <H‬ا‪"4‬د< ‪ 9:‬ا(‪4: ،4n‬‬
‫‪ K8 kF"Y‬ا‪D‬ذ‪U‬ل ا(‪ "RF0H KR‬آ"‪?"Y kF‬ة ‪ KY‬ه<( ]‪0‬ة ]‪{x "1‬ة ا‪ً? 3E‬ا <‪>N ,#‬اده" ‪K5 "8‬‬
‫‪ 600‬ا‪ .[: ;N"48 800 e‬و‪ ،?"8 ;H5‬آ"ن ‪"H8r5‬ن ب ا‪ ،‬و] ‪45 }F oRN ،;>:‬ر‪}N‬‬
‫‪ e,Y‬ا‪0(d‬د ‪ 9:‬و?} ا‪0ER‬م ا‪AD‬ا‪ 9,I‬ا>‪.B‬‬
‫آ"‪ kF‬أاث ‪0(N‬ز و=ب ‪ c8 ،2006‬ذ‪ ،s‬أآ‪E8 K8 v‬د ‪ ;d:‬د‪08‬ي =& ‪"N 9:‬ر<‪ p‬ا‪d‬اع ا‪;<0n‬‬
‫وا>‪ K5 B‬ب ا وإ‪A‬ا‪ ;I‬وا_ي ‪5‬أ ‪ Bd18 9:‬ا‪"F"(v‬ت‪ 9: .‬ذ‪ s‬ا‪ c8 - K‬و?‪0‬د إ‪A‬ا‪;I‬‬
‫‪045 A{8‬ة ‪ 9:‬ا‪0E‬ب ا‪ EF - 9F"#,‬ب ا‪ ،‬ا‪ e‬آ‪ 9: ،#‬ا‪ }(d& e,Y [,{1‬آ أ‪;8‬‬
‫ا>‪ }1d5 "RF"H8 ; ،F"(,‬ا(‪ (Z‬ا> ا‪"# 9: I‬ن‪ .‬و‪ k(uN‬أهاف ب ا ‪KN‬‬
‫ا(‪ F"H‬ا"‪ A‬وا‪"d1]D‬د< ا>"‪"# 9: >, 8‬ن‪0R(? AtN ،‬ر< إ‪ e,Y 8%A‬ا(‪0‬ذج ا‪<D‬ا‪،9F‬‬
‫‪ ^_R U‬ا{"<‪- ،‬ع ب ا ‪5‬ب‬ ‫وا‪ 8a‬ا‪a‬آ‪ v‬إ""ً‪T ،‬د ا‪04‬ات ا‪AD‬ا‪ K8 ,I‬ا(‪ .4n‬وو‪ً 0x‬‬
‫‪ ,<0T‬ا‪ K5 "8 c(EN 8a‬ب ا>‪"5"d‬ت واب ا‪ .‬و‪ w4 "ً 8"Y 15 >5‬ه‪ "ً >48 ،}:‬إ‪A‬ا‪t5 ;I‬ن‬
‫ أ‪ "R8"8‬ا‪ ;5 }#H1 vH‬ا‪ 9: "RI"4#5 ^S1 vH‬ا‪ .,#‬و‪ 9:‬أ<"ر ‪ ،2000‬إ‪ &= k#F‬ا‪04‬ات‬
‫ا‪AD‬ا‪ K8 ,I‬ا‪0E‬ب ا‪ c:< "8 ،9F"#,‬ا‪i‬ال ا‪ : 90u‬آ ‪ w4N‬ه_ا ا‪R‬ف ؟‬
‫إن ا(‪ "4‬ا‪"8 c#11A "1‬ر ب ‪ 2006‬ا ا‪AD‬ا‪ ،,I‬ا‪ 91‬إ‪"Y0(E8 k:R1A‬ت ‪9: ,1S8‬‬
‫ا(>‪ H‬ا‪dF K :9F"#,‬ا‪ I"] ،‬ب ا؛ ب ا ‪}F‬؛ ا(‪ c(1E‬ا>‪ 9‬ا‪ Kd ،9F"#,‬ا‪3Y‬‬
‫‪(Z(,‬؛ وأ&اً‪ A ،‬و‪ 98‬ودروز ‪"#‬ن‪ ،‬ا_<‪ K‬أ‪01#m‬ا‪ ،‬آ(" أ‪ 3RFt5 ،;G8‬أ]; ‪">A‬دة ‪ e0"5‬ا‪91‬‬
‫?‪ "R#,‬ب ا ‪%#‬ده‪ .3‬و‪]r5‬ار ‪"Y‬م‪r: ،‬ن ‪0x‬رة آ"‪ ,8‬ب ‪ F‬إ‪A‬ا‪ 9{#< ,I‬أن ‪ K(u1N‬ا‪;I"A‬‬
‫ا(‪0R(E, R?0‬ر ا("< وآ_‪ s‬ا(‪ 9: .9,‬آ; ا‪0a‬ال‪ e>N ،‬ه_^ ا(‪"& ;H5 ،"4‬ص‪ ;,1 ،‬و‪34N‬‬
‫‪0nN‬ر اب ا ا‪AD‬ا‪ ,I‬ب ا‪.‬‬
‫‪"#8 [5‬د‪ "RI‬ا>(‪ e>N ،F%‬اب ا ا‪N e‬و< أهاف ‪ <HY‬و‪8 A"A‬دة &‪%‬ل ز‪K8‬‬
‫اب‪ .‬وه‪04N 9‬م ‪ w<T KY s_5‬إ‪R1A‬اف ‪ 3‬أ‪0F‬اع أ‪ K8 A"A‬ا‪"(E‬ه – ا(‪ ،9,‬ا>و‪ ،‬وا("< –‬
‫‪ >8‬إ<"ه‪( 3‬و ‪ K8‬ا‪ ;I"A‬ا(‪"R(5 "d‬رة‪ .‬ه_ا ا‪ ;8t5 ،8a‬إ]"‪ ،;(>"5 3RY‬ا‪ ،3Y‬ا(>"ر‪،‬‬
‫أو ا‪"4#‬ء ‪ K"#8‬إزاء ‪ A"A‬أو ‪"8‬ر ‪8 ;(Y‬د‪ [d< ،‬آ‪ F"& 9: },‬د‪ 3Y‬ا‪.d‬‬
‫إن ‪"E‬ح وإ&"]"ت ه‪0E‬م اب ا ا‪AD‬ا‪4>N ,I‬ات إ]‪ (,‬و‪ ("Y‬ه"‪ .8‬إذ أن ‪Y‬دًا ‪K8‬‬
‫‪ 9,N"48‬ب ا‪ ،‬ا_<‪ e01N K‬ر‪ 3R1<"Y‬إ<ان‪ ،‬ه‪ 3‬إ‪H>8 0E<& "8‬ات ‪N‬ر<[ إ<ا‪ F‬وإ‪18 "8‬ر‪K5‬‬
‫و‪0,Aa K518‬ب ب ا>‪"5"d‬ت ‪05‬ا‪8 nA‬ر‪ K5‬إ<ا‪(18 KF‬آ<‪"# 9: K‬ن؛ ‪ 9:‬ا‪ k]0‬ا_ي ‪#1>N‬‬
‫‪ }:‬ا‪ #‬وا‪1‬آ‪ #‬ا‪ ?00<<D‬وا< ‪ c(1E(,‬ا>‪ 9‬ا‪ ،9F"#,‬ا_ي <‪ }8 (1‬ب ا ‪ 3Z>8‬د‪،}(Y‬‬

‫‪O R5"8‬آ‪ <v‬ا> ‪ 9:‬إ<ان‪ .‬و‪_&t5‬ه" ‪ 9>< "ً >8‬ه_ا ‪t5‬ن ‪"H8r5‬ن أ< دروس ‪,( K8 d,S18‬‬
‫اب ا ا‪AD‬ا‪ ,I‬أن ‪t5 k#vN‬ن ‪ 34N 9: "R (] U‬اور ا_ي ‪ e,Y‬اب ا أن ‪9: }#>,N‬‬
‫‪ c8 %‬ا‪%AD‬م ا(‪n1‬ف‪ ،‬وآ(" <‪#‬و‪ c8 ،‬إ<ان‪.‬‬ ‫أي ‪x‬ام ‪ً #418‬‬
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ت‬
‫‪ ;,N 31A‬اب ا ا‪AD‬ا‪S1Ar5 ,I‬ام ‪0(F‬ذج ا‪01‬ا‪ ;x‬ا‪ 9HA%H‬ـ ‪ K8 ) Lasswell‬ا_ي‬
‫<‪04‬ل ‪"8‬ذا (‪"] <t5 ،K‬ة و‪a‬ي ‪ K<"F ،(mtN‬ا‪ e‬ا(‪"5) ;ِA‬دئ اب ا( ا‪"(E‬ه ا‪R‬ف )‬
‫ا>و(‪ ،‬ا(‪01‬ى ) ا(‪0‬ا‪ c‬وا‪ ;I"A‬ا(‪0] ،(8S1‬ات ا‪ 3,1‬وأ&اً‪ 34N ،‬ا‪ .mt1‬ه_ا ا(‪0‬ذج‬
‫<‪ ;H‬أ<‪ "ً u‬ا‪"Aa‬س (‪%‬ت اب ا ‪ lE,‬ا‪8a‬آ‪ ،9‬آ(" ُدت ‪ 9:‬آ‪"#1‬ت إر‪"-‬دات اب‬
‫ا ا(ا‪ lE, F‬ا‪8a‬آ‪ .9‬وو‪r: ،s_ "ً 4:‬ن ‪018‬ى و‪ ">:‬ر‪ ;I"A‬اب ا ا‪AD‬ا‪31A ,I‬‬
‫در‪"A 9: "RA‬ق اـ ‪) :‬أ( ?("هه‪ 3‬ا(‪"1S‬رة ا(‪) :R1‬ا>و(؛ )ب( ا‪a‬هاف‪ ،‬ا‪ S‬وا>‪،,‬‬
‫ا(‪"R44N e,Y K((d‬؛ )ج( ا(‪"#‬دئ ا>(‪ ،9>< "8 – F%‬ا‪"41‬ت ا – ا(‪ w41 8S1‬ه_^‬
‫ا‪a‬هاف؛ و)د( ا‪ ;I"A0‬ا‪ 41‬ا(‪ ># 8S1‬ا‪ ;I"A‬ا" ا_آ‪ .‬و‪ 9R1A‬ا‪0 3415 ;,1‬ل ‪"(Y‬‬
‫إذا آ"‪ kF‬ا(‪ ,‬ا‪AD‬ا‪ ] ,I‬أ‪m‬ت‪ ،‬وا‪ e‬أي در?‪"(? e,Y ،‬هه" ا(‪"1S‬رة ا(‪ ،:R1‬و‪ "(Y‬إذا‬
‫أزت أها‪ ،"R:‬ود‪ k>:‬ا‪ e‬ا‪"8a‬م ‪"#At5‬ب ا‪.d‬‬
‫إن ا‪ oR‬ا(‪i‬و ‪ KY‬إدارة اب ا ‪ 9:‬ا‪ lE‬ا‪AD‬ا‪ ) 9,I‬اـ " ‪0(F 9: "K8‬ذج ‪(Lasswell‬‬
‫‪8 ) MALAT eYN‬آ ‪",(Y‬ت ا‪ / 9Y0‬ا‪ ،MALAT AtN 3N .( 3R‬ا‪ 91‬ه‪? "ً " 9‬ء ‪ K8‬دا‪I‬ة‬
‫‪",(Y‬ت ‪ 9: ،lE, GHQ‬ا>"م ‪ ،2005‬إذ ‪ ; 3N‬وة اب ا ا‪AD‬ا‪ ,I‬ا"‪0 ;#] 45‬ا‪6 9‬‬
‫‪0A‬ات ‪ ;#] K8‬ر‪ I‬ا‪"#S1AD‬رات ا>‪ .<H‬وآ‪ "RF0‬آ"‪#E8 ،ً",(Y ،kF‬ة ‪ e,Y‬ا‪#‬ء ‪ K8‬ا‪4: ،d‬‬
‫?ت ‪ "ً T"# "R:0x 9: MALAT‬إ‪"#S1A‬را‪ KN‬و‪"(,Y‬ء ‪5 F‬ؤوا ‪"H1Ar5‬ف ا‪"F"H8D‬ت‬
‫وا‪U"(1D‬ت ا‪ 91‬ه‪ [,x 9: 9‬إ‪S1A‬ام اب ا ‪ 9:‬ز‪ K8‬اب‪.‬‬
‫‪0N 3N‬ز<‪ c‬ا‪%& ;I"A‬ل ب ‪0] ) 2006‬ات ‪S1Ar5 (Lasswell‬ام أ‪"x"d] ) "(<]" " ["A‬ت‬
‫ور]( ‪ :"D"5‬ا‪ e‬أ‪<? " ["A‬ة" ) ‪08‬ا]‪ c‬إ‪1H‬و‪ ،F‬ر‪ .(dF ;I"A‬و‪ K5 K8‬ه_^ ا‪ ،["Aa‬وه"‬
‫‪T‬ق ا‪01‬ا‪ ;x‬ا‪<E‬ة‪ ،‬و&"‪ x‬ا‪ ،kF1FD‬ه‪ 9‬ا‪ 91‬أ‪ 34N Y "R1(] k1#m‬رد ‪ ;>:‬ا>و ‪ ^"EN‬ه‪(E‬‬
‫اب ا ا‪AD‬ا‪x 9: .,I‬ا‪"Y‬ت ‪ ،45"A‬آ"ن أي ‪ 34N‬د ‪ ;>:‬ا>و ‪ 9#8‬إ‪ e,Y "8‬ا‪ ،c]01‬إ‪%Y‬م‬
‫ا>و‪ ،‬ا‪ wI"m0‬ا(‪01‬ذ ‪ ،"R,Y‬أو ‪ e,Y‬إ‪0E1A‬ا‪"5‬ت ‪"EA‬ء اب‪ .‬أ‪ 4: ،ً"" "8‬أ‪ k#m‬ا‪%YD‬م ا‪،9F"#,‬‬
‫و‪08‬ا]>} ‪ H#- e,Y‬ا‪ mtN 34N 9: <"{, 8 }Ft5،kF1FD‬ر‪ ;I"A‬اب ا ا‪AD‬ا‪e,Y ,I‬‬
‫ا‪0R(E‬ر ا‪%5"4(": .9F"#,‬ت ا‪0? c8 k(N 91‬د إ‪A‬ا‪ K,I‬و‪"<dN‬ت ب ا‪"n8 ،‬ت ا‪D‬ر‪"A‬ل‬
‫‪"H#‬ت ا‪D‬ذا‪ Y‬وا‪0<,1‬ن ا(‪ ،(Z(, ,1S‬آ"ن ‪d8‬ر ‪"8‬دة ه"م =&؛ ‪ 35‬أ‪ 9: }F‬ا" ا‪&a‬ة‪،‬‬
‫‪1:r5‬اض أن ه_ا آ"ن ?ءًا ‪ K8‬ه‪ (E‬اب ا ب ا‪ [E< ،‬أ&_ه"‪ ،‬و] ‪ ;d‬ذ‪¥15 ،s‬‬
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‫‪ 3N 4‬ا‪"1AD‬د ا‪ ,( e‬اب ا ا‪AD‬ا‪"5 2006 9: ,I‬ء ‪ e,Y‬ا ا‪t5 ,I"4‬ن اب‬
‫ا <(‪ KH‬أن ‪ Y"N‬ا‪ 9: lE‬إ"ق ا‪5 (<R‬ب ا‪ .‬ه_ا ا‪ 8a‬أ‪ enY‬إ‪"-‬رة ا‪0N e‬ل ‪9: k:U‬‬
‫ا‪ H1‬ا>‪H‬ي ا‪AD‬ا‪"5 w,>1< "(5 9,I‬ب ا‪ .‬و] ‪5‬أ ا‪01‬ل ‪ 9:‬أوا& ا‪">1‬ت‪5 "8Y ،‬أ‬
‫ر‪ I‬ه‪ o‬ا‪a‬رآ"ن =‪_F‬اك ا‪E‬ال ‪"-‬ؤول ‪":08‬ز ‪ c05‬إه‪"(1‬م ‪18‬ا< ‪ t8 e,Y‬إ‪R1A‬اف ‪ ;4Y‬ا>و‬
‫وإ]"‪0#45 }Y‬ل و?‪8 ZF R‬دة؛ ‪"48‬ر‪0">< }-08 ^",& "R>5"N 5‬ن ودان "‪ N0‬ا‪_,‬ان إ‪H15‬ا‪ ،‬أ‪"m‬ء‬
‫ا‪ "1FD‬ا‪"#Y (2005 – 2000 ) F"v‬رة " ا‪1D‬اق ‪ 9:‬و‪ 9Y‬ا>و‪ " ) "،‬إ&‪1‬اق و‪ 9Y‬ا>و"( ‪"#Y‬رة‬
‫أ‪? k#x‬ءًا ‪E1< U‬أ ‪ l? { K8‬ا‪":‬ع ا‪AD‬ا‪.9,I‬‬
‫إ‪ U‬أن ه_ا ا‪ KH< 3 8a‬ا‪0n1‬ر ا‪ <E‬ا‪ 9: 0‬ا‪ H1‬ا>‪H‬ي ا‪AD‬ا‪: .9,I‬ان "‪ ،N0‬ر‪I‬‬
‫ه‪ o‬ا‪a‬رآ"ن &‪%‬ل ب ‪"#‬ن‪ ،‬آ"ن ‪4{5 "ً 15"m "ً 8i8‬ة اـ ‪) EBO‬ا
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‫‪ ،EBO‬وه‪4Y 9‬ة ‪04,‬ات ا(‪ ,‬ا‪ <0E‬ا‪8a‬آ ?ُ‪ k#,‬ا‪ e‬إ‪A‬ا‪<i8 ;#] K8 ;I‬ي ا‪1AD‬ا‪9EN‬‬
‫‪ KY U‬ذ‪%& K8 ،s‬ل ا‪Bd4‬‬ ‫ا‪ 9Y":‬أ‪F‬رو ‪"8‬ر‪"-‬ل‪H: ©:N ،‬ة ا‪d‬ام ا‪ c8 ;8"H‬ا>و‪"1S8 ،‬رة ‪ً 5‬‬
‫ا]‪ w‬ا‪ e‬آ‪ ،#‬إ‪R1A‬اف ‪Y‬د ‪ K8‬ا‪a‬هاف ا‪A"Aa‬؛ ‪"5‬ء ‪ e,Y‬ا ا‪t5 ,I"4‬ن ‪ 8N‬ه_^‬
‫ا‪a‬هاف ا‪5 [#1A A"Aa‬د ‪"RFr5 9R1< 9,,N ;>:‬ر ا>و‪ .‬وآ"ن اا‪ B,& c:‬ا>‪4‬ة ا‪<E‬ة‬
‫ا‪"H15D‬رات ا‪ ?00H1‬آ"‪ ;5"4‬ا_آ‪ ،‬ا‪"4‬ذ‪":‬ت ا‪ ،S‬وب ا(>‪"80,‬ت‪ .‬و] ‪%N‬ا‪"8 c8 k4:‬ه‪5 3‬‬
‫?<ة ‪ " ;v8‬اب ا‪ " ،"o<E‬ا‪"1D‬د"‪ "،‬ا‪ ،"9Y0‬و " ا ا"‪ ،"3Y‬وا‪ 91‬أ‪8 k#x‬دات‬
‫را‪ 9: EI‬دوا‪ l? I‬ا‪":‬ع ا‪AD‬ا‪ 9,I‬و‪ ©>5‬اوا‪ I‬ا‪a‬آ"د<(‪ .‬وآ‪ kYF "R,‬ا‪ e‬إ‪">5‬د آ‪"#‬ر ا‪"4‬دة ‪KY‬‬
‫ا‪a‬هاف ا>‪ <H‬ا‪a‬آ‪ <,4N v‬ا(‪"n("5 4,>1‬ردة‪ ،‬ا‪ d‬وا‪ K8 ª,S1‬ا>و‪.‬‬
‫‪ ،ً"<ZF‬اب ا واـ ‪ ) EBO‬ا

ت ا
! ا( ر‪"4:‬ن ‪""v8‬ن‪%H: .‬ه(" <>‪mt1, e‬‬
‫‪04Y e,Y‬ل ?(‪0R‬ر ‪": .K>8‬ب ا ‪04N‬م ‪%& K8 s_5‬ل ‪ ;4F‬ا(>‪"80,‬ت واـ ‪%& K8 EBO‬ل ‪,,A‬‬
‫‪ K8‬ا‪"5u‬ت ا> ا‪R1AD‬ا‪ 9: .:‬آ; ا‪0a‬ال‪ KH< 3 ،‬ى "‪ N0‬و‪H: },(Y w<:‬ة آ‪#‬ة ‪ KY‬آ‬
‫?>; ا‪%(>< KmD‬ن ‪%Y .">5 "ً >8‬وة ‪ e,Y‬ذ‪5 4 ،s‬ا ‪ 3RFt5‬آ"‪0F‬ا "<" ‪0‬ء ‪"8 3R:‬ه(‪}H ،cI"- 9‬‬
‫‪ "5‬ا‪a‬ه( ‪ c8‬ذ‪"EN : s‬ه; ا‪t5 44‬ن إ‪1A‬ا‪ EBO EN‬ه‪"Aa"5 ،9‬س‪ " ،‬ب ‪ "،ً"F F08‬ب‬
‫‪ .}(Z>(5 9Y U ;(Y F‬ه_ا ا‪D‬ر‪"5‬ك ‪ K5‬ا>‪ KN4‬آ"ن أ ‪ ©>5‬ا‪"41YD‬دات ا‪"4, oT"S‬دة ا>‪.",‬‬
‫أ‪ ,H8 "8‬ا‪(18 kH: w1‬ة ‪"8 ,H8 K8‬ه( أ‪"5 w,>1N w(Y‬ـ ‪) EBO‬ا>(‪",‬ت ا(‪e,Y #‬‬
‫ا‪4>": .(mt1‬ة آ"‪018 kF‬ردة ‪%A K8‬ح ا‪ 0E‬ا‪8a‬آ‪ .9‬وه"ك‪0"5 ،‬ا]‪ ،c‬آ‪"5"1‬ت إ‪5‬ا‪0 ,:" Y‬ل‬
‫ا‪04‬ة ا‪ <0E‬و‪mtN‬ه" ‪ e,Y‬اب ‪ _8‬ز‪ K8‬دوا<‪ k‬أ<‪"RF‬ور و‪"N e1‬ر<‪ ،}S‬إ‪ U‬أن اـ ‪ EBO‬آ"‪،#8 kF‬‬
‫‪ ;H5‬ر‪ e,Y ،I‬أ‪"A‬س ب ا‪ ,S‬ا‪a‬و‪ e‬وب آ‪ ،0:0A0‬ا‪"1,‬ن ‪ 5EN "84N 3‬آ"‪"R,Y 3Aُ< :‬‬
‫‪"# " #"5‬ن‪ .‬وآ"ن &‪ ،N0" tn‬آ(" <‪#‬و ‪D"5‬دراك ا(‪a &i‬ه( و‪ >#T‬ا‪a‬اث‪ ،‬ه‪" y,& 0‬‬
‫ا‪mt1‬ات" ‪ " c8‬ا‪a": ."c]0‬و‪ I"1"5 w,>1< e‬ا ‪ ©>#‬ا‪?D‬اءات ا>‪) <H‬آ‪ Bd4‬آ"‪N‬را‪I‬‬
‫‪"A‬ن ‪05‬ل ‪ 9:‬ن ‪05‬ا‪ nA‬اـ "‪ y#v1 "B<01:U‬اوح ا(>‪ <0‬ا‪ ،(F"n<#‬وا‪01"5 w,>1N F"v‬ق‬
‫ا‪0E‬ي و‪Y"8‬ة ا‪04‬ات ا‪ 3,>< <#‬ا>و ‪ e,Y K8= }Ft5‬ا‪%TD‬ق‪ .‬ه_ا " ا‪ "c]0‬ه‪E1F 0‬‬
‫‪-"#8‬ة ‪,‬ب ا‪ .<,41‬إن "ا‪mt1‬ات" وآ_‪ " s‬ا‪ "c]0‬ه(" ?ء ‪E1< U‬أ ‪ " K8‬ب ‪""ً F F08‬‬
‫?>‪ K8 k,‬اب ا ا‪ B4N Y %‬وه" و‪1Yf ;"N‬اف ‪ e,Y "R5‬إ‪18‬اد اب‪.‬‬

‫‪4Y KHN 3‬ة اـ ‪ EBO‬ا(‪ ,H‬ا‪0‬ة ا‪ l? x"N 91‬ا‪":‬ع ا‪AD‬ا‪ 9: 9,I‬ا>"م ‪.2006‬‬
‫و‪ }1d5‬ر‪O "ً I‬رآ"ن‪] ،‬م "‪ N0‬دا‪I‬ة ?<ة ‪>8 GHQ 9:‬و‪Itsuv HaMa aracha 3Ar5 :‬‬
‫)‪ 3(dN‬ا(>آ(‪ .‬ه_^ اا‪I‬ة أدت ا‪ e‬در? ‪ K8‬ا‪D‬ر‪"5‬ك ا>(‪ 9F%‬وا‪ ،9(Z1‬أ‪015 k8"] "RF‬ا‪;x‬‬
‫‪048‬ص و&"‪ c8 T‬ا‪0‬ة ا"‪ 3Ar5 4T‬ا‪ .lE‬و‪ 9:‬ه_ا ا‪ 0E‬ا{"‪ ©8‬وا(‪5 s5‬أت وة اب‬
‫ا ا(‪ ،ً"v< v>#‬أي ‪.;(>"5 ،MALAT‬‬
‫‪"8 ktN‬آ; اب ا ا‪AD‬ا‪ K8 ,I‬وا]‪ ;d1 KHN 3 c‬اب ا‪ e‬ز‪ K8‬أ‪0A‬أ ‪،ً"<HY }8‬‬
‫‪ "ً A"A‬و‪ ،ً"<H>: ."ً F‬آ"‪ kF‬إ‪A‬ا‪ ،HR8 ;I‬آ‪ "RF0‬أ‪0A 5 ku8‬ات ‪x 9:‬اع د‪08‬ي ‪ c8‬ا‪،Kn,‬‬
‫‪"8 9:‬و ‪ "41Ff c0‬ا‪x ،F"v‬اع ‪5‬أ ‪ >u5 >5‬أ‪ K8 y4: R-‬إ‪"F‬ب إ‪A‬ا‪"# K8 ;I‬ن‬
‫‪"Y‬م ‪%Y .2000‬وة ‪ e,Y‬ذ‪ l? 4: ،s‬ا‪":‬ع ا‪AD‬ا‪ ،9,I‬آ‪ }F0‬رآ ‪ 3Z>8‬و]‪8 e,Y }1‬ا&; و‪"S8‬رج‬
‫ب ا>‪"5"d‬ت‪ ،‬ا‪5 K8 vH‬ا‪ }1Y‬ا‪"5 w,>1< "(5 "14‬ب ‪ e,Y‬أرض ‪"#‬ن ا(‪ً? ,1S‬ا‪.‬‬
‫و‪ ،ً"?00HA‬آ"‪ kF‬إ‪A‬ا‪N U ;I‬ال ‪? K8 F1N‬اء ‪ s:‬إر‪ "RT"#N‬ا(‪E, v‬ل ‪ KY‬ة؛ أ‪3 ،ً"A"A "8‬‬
‫<‪ KH‬ى ر‪ I‬ا‪0‬زراء‪ ،‬ا("‪ kN 98‬ا‪1‬ر<[‪ ،‬ووز< ا‪":‬ع‪ ،‬ا"‪ 9: y-‬ا‪"ND‬د ا>("‪#& ،9‬ة‬
‫‪ <HY‬آ‪#‬ة‪ .‬إ"‪ ،s_ :‬آ"ن ه"ك ‪01"5 ª4F‬ا‪ ;x‬ا‪ K5 9dS‬ر‪ I‬ا‪0‬زراء‪ ،‬وز< ا‪":‬ع‪،‬‬
‫ووز< ا‪"S‬ر?‪ .‬و‪ c8‬ه_ا ا"ل ‪ K8‬ا>‪"]%‬ت‪ ،‬آ"ن ى "‪ ©>5 N0‬ا‪ 9: 50>d‬إ]"ع ا‪80H‬‬
‫‪E5‬وى إ‪1A‬ا‪ }1EN‬ا(‪ e,Y #‬اـ ‪ ،EBO‬ا‪ "8 [5 ،K(u1A 91‬و‪? ,(Y ،Y‬ا ]‪d‬ة و‪.">:‬‬
‫‪ KHN 3‬ه_^ آ; ‪"50>x‬ت (‪ ,‬اب ا ا(‪ [4>: .>]01‬إ‪0? K8 "R5"F‬ب ‪"#‬ن‪4: ،‬ت إ‪A‬ا‪;I‬‬
‫‪%HN 3Z>8‬ت ا‪"#S1AD‬رات ا‪ 9: <#‬ا‪%#‬د‪ ،‬وآ"‪#E8 kF‬ة ‪ e,Y‬ا‪"(1YD‬د‪ ،‬ا‪ e‬آ‪e,Y ،#‬‬
‫إ‪"#S1A‬رات ‪ 4N‬ا‪"Aa‬س‪ .‬ه_ا ا‪ [A"F 8a‬ب ا‪ ،‬ا_ي ‪ 3Z>8 _F‬أ‪ 9: }1nF‬ا‪ ;,‬أو ‪wT"8 9:‬‬
‫ا‪E‬ات ا‪ .vH‬إذ إ‪SF‬ط ‪ 9:‬ب ‪mi8‬ة‪"& ،‬د‪ ،Y‬و‪ 9: ?"F‬ا‪ "ً n>8 ،<"R‬ا‪"#nFD‬ع ‪t5‬ن إ‪8‬ادا‪}N‬‬
‫ا‪"d‬رو& ا‪ ,ou‬ا‪ 3E‬آ"ن <‪¬1‬آ‪ "R,‬ا‪d‬أ ‪"d8 e,Y‬ت إ‪%T‬ق ‪0ER8‬رة‪ .‬إ‪ U‬أ‪ 9: }F‬ذ‪ s‬ا‪ K‬آ"ن‬
‫‪"#5 U‬ء ‪8‬اآ‪ <A <HY‬ه"‪ kN ,I‬ا‪a‬رض ]"درة ‪ e,Y‬إ‪%T‬ق ه‪0E‬م ‪"x‬رو&‪0n8 9‬ل ‬ ‫‪ً 0{8‬‬
‫إ‪A‬ا‪ .;I‬و‪ }<0(1,‬أآ‪ e,Y v‬إ‪ }N"F"H8‬ا‪ ،44‬أدار ب ا (‪x ,‬اخ و>"ت ا‪0E‬د‬
‫ا‪AD‬ا‪ #Y K,I‬اود‪ "ً n>8 ،‬ا‪"#nFD‬ع ‪t5‬ن ]رات ا(‪8 (Z‬ودة ‪ U 9v#Y B]0(5‬أآ‪.v‬‬
‫‪ c8‬ذ‪"80,>8 c(? 3N 4: ،s‬ت ]( ‪ AMAN ;#] K8‬وإ‪"#S1A‬رات ‪%A‬ح ا‪0 0E‬ل ‪08‬ا]‪,(18 c‬‬
‫‪ e,Y‬إ‪18‬اد ا‪0E‬ب‪ ،‬وا‪ K( k45 91‬أ‪ e,Y‬در?"ت ا< ‪"# e1 ; 5‬ط ا‪"#S1AD‬رات‬
‫ا(ا‪ KF‬ا‪ 9>:‬ا(‪01‬ى &"رج ‪ 4,‬ا(>‪"80,‬ت‪.‬‬
‫‪ 9:‬ا‪ k]0‬ا_ي وُ>‪ }: k‬ا‪"4‬دة ا(" ‪ 9:‬در? أ‪ K8 e,Y‬ا‪t1‬ه[ ‪ Bn& >5‬ا‪12 9: K<E‬‬
‫‪0(N‬ز‪ ،‬آ"‪t18 MALAT kF‬ه‪ #‬أ<‪ ."ً u‬وآ"ن <‪ "R‬ا("‪F‬ة ا‪ K8 ,8"H‬ا‪"4‬دة ا>‪ .lE, ",‬و] د‪? "Y‬ء‬
‫ه"م ‪ n& K8‬اـ ‪ EBO‬ا‪ e‬إ‪1A‬ا‪ cn] EN‬اأس‪ :‬ا‪ K8 ª,S1‬ا‪ 9: I"4‬ا(ان و‪ K8‬و‪ ;I"A‬إ‪}NU"dN‬‬
‫‪05‬ا‪ nA‬ا‪ K8 0E‬دون ‪0N‬رط ا‪04‬ات ا‪ .<#‬وآ"‪ kF‬ه_^ ا‪1AD‬ا‪ EN‬ه‪ 9‬ا‪ 91‬أدت ‪ ,(>5‬اب ا‬
‫ا‪AD‬ا‪ ،,I‬و‪E, v8 ;H5‬ل‪a ،‬ن ‪N‬آ إه‪ e,Y "R8"(1‬ب ا و&"‪ dF K Î"] e,Y x‬ا‪ .‬إ‪U‬‬
‫أن ه‪0E‬م اب ا ا‪AD‬ا‪ enSN ,I‬إ‪R1A‬اف ب ا؛ ‪ 4‬إ‪R1A‬ف ‪ }<<i8‬و‪">8‬ر}‪:"D"5 ،‬‬
‫ا‪ e‬ا‪ ،KnA0‬ا‪ KF"#,‬ا(‪ 9: K81,‬ا"رع‪.‬‬

‫أهاف ا
‬
‫آ"ن ‪< U‬ال ‪ e,Y‬إ‪A‬ا‪ ;I‬أن ‪ KY BHN‬ا‪a‬هاف ا(دة ‪ "R5‬ا ‪"Y‬م ‪ c8 .2006‬ذ‪r: ،s‬ن‬
‫‪8‬ا?> ‪O‬اث ‪ e,Y‬ا‪a‬رض ‪ ;,N c8‬د]‪ ;I"A w‬اب ا ا(‪"#, :R1‬ن ‪>N‬ض ا‪ e‬أن‬
‫أهاف إ‪A‬ا‪ ;I‬آ"‪ kF‬ذات و?‪ .KR‬أو‪ ،ًU‬آ"ن ه"ك هف ‪HY‬ي ‪"(- Bd4 c05 w,>1< ©8‬ل‬
‫إ‪A‬ا‪ ،ً"F"m .;I‬آ"ن ه"ك ا‪R‬ف ذي ا‪ }?01‬ا"‪ 9A‬ا‪a‬آ‪ #‬ا(‪ YY5 w,>1‬و‪ c]08 ©<04N‬ب ا ‪9:‬‬
‫‪"#‬ن‪ .‬ه_ا ا‪ ،9F"v‬أي ا‪R‬ف ا"‪ ،9A‬آ"ن ‪5 "ً (48‬ور^ ا‪ e‬أهاف ‪<Y‬ة أآ‪ً<N v‬ا‪ .‬و‪ k(uN‬ه_^‬
‫ا‪a‬هاف ا‪08a‬ر ا‪ :"1‬ا("و‪ dF c]08 e,Y 8‬ا دا&; ب ا؛ ‪Y‬ل ب ا ‪ KY‬ا(‪c(1E‬‬
‫ا>‪ 9‬ا‪a‬و‪"# 9: cA‬ن؛ و‪ w(>N‬ا‪"4FD‬م ‪ K5‬ب ا‪ }<<i8 ،‬ا> واا‪ KY‬ا‪"S‬ر?‪K8 ،} K‬‬
‫?‪ ،R‬و‪"HA‬ن ا‪%#‬د ‪ K8‬ا> ‪ R? K8 ،‬أ&ى – وآ‪ "R,‬أهاف ‪ "RF"H8r5‬أن ‪: ;H5 ،Y"N‬دي‬
‫و?("‪ e,Y ،9Y‬آ‪ #‬ب ا‪ .‬و<‪ [E‬ا‪"-D‬رة ا‪ e‬أن ا‪a‬هاف ا‪AD‬ا‪ ,I‬ا>" ا‪04‬س آ"‪,d18 kF‬‬
‫‪t5 9>< "8 ،"Ru>#5‬ن إ>"ف ‪dF‬ا و‪ً cu< ] }1(Z8‬ا ‪"(ER,‬ت ا‪"d‬رو&‪ K 9: ،‬أن و‪ c‬‬
‫‪&O‬ة ) ا‪"(ER‬ت ا‪"d‬رو&( <(‪ KH‬أن <‪"(8 ;H‬رًا =& ‪ l>F 9:‬ب ا و]"‪ .Î‬ه_ا‪e,Y ،‬‬
‫ا‪a‬ر?‪ ،‬آ"ن ا‪ [#‬ا‪a‬ه‪ 9: 3‬إ‪"nY‬ء ‪ 3Z>8‬ر‪ ;I"A‬اب ا ا‪AD‬ا‪ ,I‬ا‪ S‬وا>ة ‪d‬ا‪ .‬أ‪"8‬‬
‫ا‪ [#‬ا¯& ‪"H:‬ن ا>"دة ا‪AD‬ا‪ ,I‬ا‪x dS5 (<4‬ا‪":>: ، ."RN"Y‬ت ‪ ªS‬ا‪ u4‬ا‪9: ،n,‬‬
‫‪ K‬أن ? ا‪ Aa‬ا‪d‬اع ‪0A c8‬ر<"‪_ .‬ا‪5 ،‬ا ‪ K8‬ا‪"8 ،[: 9>#n‬واة ‪ dF dS-‬ا ‪(Z("5‬‬
‫‪ 9: ."RF‬آ; ا‪0a‬ال‪ 31< 3 ،‬ا‪ ;x01‬ا‪] e‬ار ‪N‬آ ا(‪0 ,‬ل ‪dF‬ا إ‪? >5 U‬ل دا&‪ 9,‬آ‪.#‬‬
‫إن إ‪R1A‬اف ]"‪Y I‬و ‪ .A" t8‬وه"ك ‪"]08‬ن ‪">18‬ر"ن ‪0‬ل ‪ "8‬إذا آ"ن ا‪0ER‬م ا(آ ‬
‫]"دة ا>و <>‪ #1‬إ‪1A‬ا‪">(1E(": .">: EN‬ت ا(‪0?0‬دة ‪ kN‬ا‪"d‬ر ] ‪"] B,& 01N‬د‪ ."RN‬وو‪"ً 4:‬‬
‫_‪r: ،s‬ن ا‪"4‬دة ا_<‪0>uS< K‬ن ‪ 9:‬ا‪1‬ات ا‪a‬آ‪4F w]1 "ً (,A v‬ي ‪ 9: 3R18"8 31N ] <-‬أو]"ت‬
‫ا‪a‬ز‪"8‬ت‪ ،‬و] ‪0HN‬ن ‪"8‬و‪U‬ت إ‪R1A‬اف ]"دة ا>و ‪ .v#Y t8‬أ‪ "8‬ا‪0Aa‬أ ‪ 0R: ،>5‬أن ذ‪0H< ] s‬ن }‬
‫رد ‪">8 ;>:‬آ‪ "ً >E8 ،‬أه"‪ 9‬ا>و ‪ e,Y‬ا‪"1D‬د ‪0‬ل ]"د‪ .}N‬و‪ R? K8‬أ&ى‪ ،‬إن ‪N F "ً 5‬د ‪"8‬‬
‫] <‪ }>]01‬ا‪ ;xa"5 ©>#‬إ‪1N U "(F‬ى إ‪"nY‬ء ا(‪"E‬ل ‪0dS5‬ص ]"د‪0HA ،"RN‬ن ‪ "R‬ا‪ mt1‬ا(‪0,n‬ب‬
‫‪"<0>8 ;>E5‬ت ا>و ‪045 y#RN‬ة‪.‬‬
‫أ&_ت إ‪A‬ا‪ ;I‬ا‪ x‬و]رت إ‪%T‬ق ب ‪ F‬وا‪ >A‬ا‪"n‬ق رأس ب ا‪ ،‬ا‪K p‬‬
‫‪dF‬ا‪ 9: .‬آ; ا‪0a‬ال‪ ;v8 4 ،‬ا‪4‬ار ‪R1Ar5‬اف ‪dF‬ا ‪<? ,H8 }F‬ة آ"‪AD ,8‬ا‪ "8 : ;I‬ه‪0‬‬
‫‪ ;H-‬ا‪0ER‬م ا_ي <‪ [E‬أن <ُ‪dF e,Y _S1‬ا؟ ه; ‪ e,Y‬إ‪A‬ا‪ ;I‬و‪ }<F ;H5 ،(I"] c‬و‪،9Y008‬‬
‫‪"n&t5‬ء و?ا‪ I"] 3I‬ب ا‪"N ،‬رآ ‪ KF"#,‬إ‪%S1A‬ص إ‪ 3RN"?"11A‬ا‪x"S‬؟ أم ‪ "R,Y‬إ‪%T‬ق ه‪0E‬م‬
‫‪ mi8 9T"Y‬و]‪0‬ي ‪ >(A‬و‪-‬ف ‪dF‬ا ا‪c:‬؟ وآ"ن ه_ا ا‪"S‬ر ا‪_? ،<1"5 ،&a‬ا‪ ،ً"5‬أن‬
‫‪ dF ;<0N‬ا ا‪ A"A 1HF e‬و‪ ;>E< ] <HY‬آ‪ }#I"1‬ا>‪5 4N <H‬ود أ‪ "R5"dY‬و<‪0H‬ن ‪0E‬ده"‬
‫‪">8 mtN‬آ ‪ e,Y‬أدا‪ 9: 3RI‬ا(ان‪ ،‬وا_ي ‪5‬ور^ <(‪ }(<4N KH‬آ‪#‬ه"ن =& ‪ ]"( e,Y‬ا‪ p‬ا‪nS‬ة‪.‬‬
‫آ(" أ‪ Y"< ] }F‬أ<‪ e,Y "ً u‬إ]"ع ‪ }<<i8‬ا‪N ;]a‬دًا – دون أن ‪_F‬آ ا‪"4r5 – "ً 80(Y KF"#,‬ء ه_ا ا‪1D‬ام‬
‫ا‪0‬ا ?"‪ c8 ."ً #F‬ذ‪ s‬آ"ن ا‪"#Y 8a‬رة ‪ KY‬إ‪1A‬ا‪n& EN‬ة ‪ "(5‬أن إ?‪%‬ل ‪dF‬ا دا&; ب ا‬
‫وا(‪ c(1E‬ا>‪ 9‬آ"ن ‪ 5 <"{, "ً "Y‬أن ا‪1YD‬اء ا‪- e,Y ¥‬ف وآا‪I"] 8‬ه‪e,Y N< ] 3‬‬
‫إ‪A‬ا‪ c8 ،;I‬إ‪"1‬د ‪<i8‬ي ‪dF‬ا ‪ ;H5‬أآ‪.}0 e1 #‬‬

‫]رت ‪dF ;>? MALAT‬ا ‪008‬ع هء و‪ KH(< :n": .<SA‬أن ‪ #>N‬اود ا("د<‬
‫وا‪ :"4v‬آ(" <(‪ KH‬أن ‪ enS1N‬ا‪ H1‬ا(‪ 94n‬وا‪4‬ي‪ .‬ه_ا ا‪ c8 ،8a‬و‪ 9Y‬أه( ‪ ;I"8‬اف‬
‫وا‪H‬ا‪ 8‬ا(‪ :"4v"5 n#N‬ا>‪ ،5‬آ"‪ "F‬أ‪] 9: KْA"A‬ار ب ا(‪ F"H‬ا‪ >:‬وا‪ I"4 ,,E‬ب ا‪.‬‬
‫ه_ا ا‪4‬ار آ"ن ‪05 "ً 80Y8‬ا]‪"ZN c‬ه ‪<i8‬ي ‪dF‬ا ‪5 9:‬وت‪< 1 9: ،‬ان ‪ ،2006‬و]‪>u5 ;#‬‬
‫أ‪ K8 c5"A‬إ‪UF‬ع ا‪"14‬ل‪ [#5 ،‬ا‪ 4<n‬ا‪ }: SA 91‬ا‪ 8"F#‬ا‪ 9F0<,1‬ا‪ 9F"#,‬ا"&" ‪"8 5‬ت‬
‫و‪I"] K8 "KT‬ه‪ 3‬ا(‪ – ]0‬ردة ‪ B& 9(HRN ;(Y ^"EN #A"8 ;>:‬ا‪ .;Z‬آ(" دل ذ‪ #"5 s‬ـ‬
‫‪ e,Y MALAT‬ا(‪"R‬رة ا‪ (Z1‬ا>" ب ا‪ ،‬آ"ن ‪"H8D"5‬ن ‪ 3ZN‬ا‪"Z1‬هات ‪ K8‬ا‪ e,Ya‬و]‬
‫‪K5 U‬‬‫‪0HN U‬ن ‪u"5 ،kHY‬ورة‪0>- ،‬رًا ‪ ."ً #>-‬آ(" آ"‪RN MALAT kF‬ف أ<‪ "ً u‬ا‪ e‬دق إ‪ ،KA‬أو ً‬
‫‪"HA‬ن ا‪0E‬ب ‪ 8"Y‬وب ا و‪ K5 ،ً"4U "8 4<n5‬آ"‪"HA ;8‬ن ا‪0ER": .,#‬م ا‪dF e,Y 9dS‬ا‬
‫‪ .}8 U‬و‪ k,: "8Y y4:‬ه_^ ا(‪"4‬ر‪5‬‬ ‫وُ‪a "ً #F"? "ً 1]i8 c‬ن ‪ MALAT‬إ‪ k:R1A‬ا‪ 80H‬ا‪ً 5 F"#,‬‬
‫‪"v1Ar5‬رة أي رد ه"م و‪"5‬رز أ‪dF #x‬ا ‪i5‬رة (‪ ,‬اب ا ‪AD‬ا‪.;I‬‬
‫آ"ن ‪R1AD‬اف ‪dF‬ا أآ‪I": K8 v‬ة ‪ 4 :‬أ‪"N‬ح ‪AD‬ا‪ "R5 dS- ;I‬ا ‪ 3<415‬ب ا‬
‫و‪dF‬ا ‪ e,Y‬أ‪ - "(RF‬وا‪ .‬ه_ا ا‪ K8 ;>? 8a‬ا‪ #"5 ;RAa‬ـ ‪ "x MALAT‬ر‪"R5 ;I"A‬‬
‫ا‪ ،‬أن ‪ K8‬ا‪ ;RAa‬دو‪ "ً 8‬إ‪R1A‬اف ا‪:a‬اد أآ‪ K8 v‬إ‪R1A‬اف ‪"(ZN‬ت ‪ U‬و?} ‪%Y ."R‬وة ‪e,Y‬‬
‫ذ‪ ،s‬و‪05‬ا‪ nA‬ا‪"-D‬رة ا‪dF e‬ا ‪ e,Y‬أ‪ ªSN }F‬و‪ EN‬ب ا‪ kH(N ،‬إ‪A‬ا‪ K8 ;I‬ا‪e,Y mt1‬‬
‫ا‪ 445 KF"#,‬أ‪ 3R>8 "R< ,H8 U }F‬و‪t5‬ن ‪dF‬ا – إ‪"-‬رة ا‪ e‬ب ا – ه‪ 0‬ا(‪i‬ول ‪ KY‬ا(>"‪"F‬ة‬
‫ا‪ 91‬آ"‪0F‬ا <>‪."RF0‬‬
‫اب ا ‪ +,‬اا *) ق اب‬
‫‪0(N 12 9:‬ز ‪ ،2006‬و‪ [4Y‬إ&‪"n1‬ف ?<‪ "R‬إ<‪0R‬د ‪0‬وا‪ A‬وإاد ر<{‪ k- ،B‬إ‪A‬ا‪ ;I‬ه‪"ً<0? "ً 80E‬‬
‫‪"# %‬ن‪ ،‬أ‪ }#4Y‬ه‪0E‬م ‪5‬ي ‪8‬ود ‪ >u5 >5‬أ<"م‪ .‬و‪ k-‬إ‪A‬ا‪ ;I‬ه‪ "ً <5 "ً 80E‬وا‪"ً >A‬‬
‫و‪"x‬رو& ً" ه"‪ً I‬‬
‫&‪%‬ل ا‪"<a‬م ا‪ m%v‬ا‪&a‬ة ‪ K8 y4:‬اب‪ "R>]08 KN ;8t5 ،‬ا‪"1‬و‪ >5 9‬اب‪ .‬ه_ا ا‪1‬دد ‪5‬‬
‫]‪0‬ات وا‪N }HY >A‬دد إ‪A‬ا‪ (15 ;I‬ب اـ ‪"5 "ً 80< 33‬ب ‪ :‬إ‪%Y‬ن ا‪0(N 18 9: kH‬ز‬
‫‪ K8 U‬ذ‪.s‬‬
‫و?‪0‬د " و‪"& c‬ص" ‪ً 5‬‬
‫‪ k(N‬إدارة ه‪ (E‬اب ا ‪dF‬ا‪ ،‬ا‪ >5 kُ- 91‬أ‪0#A‬ع ‪ K8‬إ‪UF‬ع اب‪01(5 ،‬ى ‬
‫‪0#8‬ق ‪%EA 9:‬ت ‪"N‬ر<‪ p‬اوب ا ا‪AD‬ا‪t: .,I‬و‪،ًU‬‬
‫آ"‪ kF‬ر‪ ;I"A‬اب ا ا‪AD‬ا‪ ,I‬ذات ‪ "8 c8 – "ً 8"(N 8"Y >#T‬و?ت وة‬
‫‪،MALAT‬ا(‪_48 "RF ،ً"v< ,H‬و‪ "R5 "ُ:‬رأ‪ "ً A‬و‪045‬ة ‪>8 9:‬آ ‪48 c8‬ار ‪ K8 ;o‬ا‪w,>1< "(5 }?01‬‬
‫‪a"5‬و‪ .<0‬و‪08 "R5%E1Ar5‬ا‪ c‬و‪0x‬ر ذه ‪x 9: 8S18‬ا‪"Y‬ت ‪ 9:‬آ; ا>"‪<0dN ،9>< "8 ،3‬‬
‫]"دة ا>و آ‪0] ;#] K8 "R5 [Y%18 e8‬ى &"ر?‪0x ،‬رت ‪dF MALAT‬ا آ‪"& 9E‬رج ‪K8‬‬
‫‪"#d8‬ح ‪%Y‬ء ا<‪ K‬ا‪<D‬ا‪ 9F‬أو ا‪0‬ري‪ .‬أ‪ "8‬ا(‪ ,‬ا‪ -F%(Y t8 kF"H: "1‬إ‪R1A‬ا‪ :‬أآ‪((d8 v‬‬
‫‪ [E1‬آ"ر‪ m‬إ‪ 9: F"F‬ا‪0E‬ب ‪ :"D"5‬ا‪ B<N e‬ا‪1‬آ ‪ e,Y‬إ‪"41F‬د (‪ ,‬ا‪ Bd4‬ا‪AD‬ا‪ .,I‬آ("‬
‫‪ k>A‬أ<‪ "ً u‬ا‪ e‬إ?‪"#‬ر ا‪ 80H‬ا‪08 e,Y F"#,‬ا?‪ R‬ب ا‪ E1F ،‬ا‪ y{u‬ا(‪0?0‬د ‪? K8 "R,Y‬اء‬
‫‪.U‬‬‫ا‪Ya‬اد ا‪ Ko?% (Su‬ا(‪ً "(- K4:1‬‬

‫‪ "8‬أن د&‪ k,‬ا‪04‬ات ا‪AD‬ا‪ ,I‬ا‪ 4n8 <#‬ا‪ e1 ،N01‬أ&_ت اب ا إ‪<? :"n>F‬ة‪ ،‬و<>‪0‬د‬
‫ذ‪ ،ً"I? ،s‬ا‪ 44 e‬أن ب ا آ"ن ‪ 5 "ً ><A‬إ?اءات ب ‪"u8 F‬دة ‪"R1AD"5‬د ‪"415‬ر<‬
‫إ‪A‬ا‪ KY ,I‬ا‪ "<"u‬ا‪AD‬ا‪"<0>8 c: K,I‬ت ا‪ .KF"#,‬أ‪ ،MALAT "8‬و‪">15‬ون و‪c8 wm‬‬
‫‪ 4: ،AMAN‬ردت ‪0:‬راً‪"o( (I"] "R>05 ،‬ت ‪%(Y K8‬ء ب ا ا_<‪0,1] K‬ا ‪ 9:‬اب‪ .‬وآ"‪kF‬‬
‫ا‪H‬ة ز‪"<0>8 YY‬ت ب ا و‪d8‬ا] ‪dF‬ا آ_‪ .s‬و‪ 9:‬ا‪ k]0‬ا_ي إ]‪ }: k51‬اب ‪K8‬‬
‫‪ ،"R1<"RF‬أ‪8‬ت ا‪04‬ات ا‪ <#‬ا‪AD‬ا‪"8 c(E5 ,I‬دة ‪S1AD I8‬ا‪ 9: "R8‬اب ا<‪ A"80,#‬ا‪K5 4%‬‬
‫ا‪ .K#F"E‬ه_ا ا‪ ;: s1H1‬وذ‪ ،I"Y s‬ا‪ e‬آ‪ ،#‬ا‪Y e‬ض إ‪A‬ا‪ ;I‬ا‪ 9: mi8 %‬ا(ان‪K8 ,4: .‬‬
‫‪",(Y‬ت ?‪ l‬ا‪":‬ع ا‪AD‬ا‪ 9: 9,I‬ا‪"<a‬م ا‪ m%v‬ا‪&a‬ة ‪ K8‬اب‪ ،‬ه_ا إن آ"ن ه"ك أي ‪KH(< ،"R8‬‬
‫‪0H1 ،?""5 "R1(N‬ن ‪ ,d (] s_5‬أ< ب ‪"N F‬وي ‪ًx‬ا‪ .‬و‪ K8‬ا‪ d‬أن ا{"رة‬
‫ا‪ ;#] K8 o<E‬ا‪04‬ات ا‪ x"S‬ا‪AD‬ا‪ ،s#,>5 e,Y ,I‬ا‪0‬ا]> ‪ً>5‬ا &‪0n& B,‬ط ا>و‪"R,EN 3N ] ،‬‬
‫‪ 3,: e,Y‬و‪ [#5 KH ،"Rv5‬ا‪ 0E‬ا‪ [oH‬ا‪"1‬ؤ‪ 9: 98‬إ‪A‬ا‪_F= ;I‬اك‪ ^_R KH< 3 ،‬ا{"رة ‪ mtN‬آ‪.#‬‬
‫ا
!دئ ا
‪ :-.‬ر‪ 3‬و‪ 2‬ت‬
‫إاف را*ت او ا‪5‬‬
‫‪ 9:‬أ< ‪>8‬آ ‪,‬ب ا ‪ K8‬ا‪ <N 9A"Aa‬اا‪">:‬ت ا‪ <1‬ا‪>, A"Aa‬و‪ K8 ،‬أ?; إ‪R1A‬اف‬
‫‪ %‬د]‪ ;I"A "ً 4‬ا>و ‪}N"<" <1‬‬
‫و‪ N‬إراد‪ >5"1(5 }N‬ا‪"(Ya‬ل ا>ا‪ .I‬إن ا‪"4‬م ‪ً ,N [,n1< s_5‬‬
‫ا(دة ‪ K8‬اب ا و‪ "8 34N‬إذا آ"‪ kF‬ه_^ ا{"<"ت ] ‪ k44N‬وا‪ e‬أ< در?‪ .‬و‪ <N c8‬ر‪;I"A‬‬
‫ا>و ?اً‪ [E< ،‬ا‪"4‬م ‪ ;(>5‬ب ‪0: F‬ري ‪ K8 ;,41,‬ا‪u‬ر ا"‪ ;x‬ا‪ e‬أد‪ "ً 848 ، eF‬ا‪;I"A‬‬
‫‪ e,Y‬أ‪ ">: "RF‬و‪ ،‬إذا أ‪ ،KH8‬و]‪ B‬إ‪S1A‬ا‪ ."ً >8 "R8‬ه_ا ا"ط <‪ [E‬أن <‪1‬ا‪ ;(Y c8 w:‬إ‪1A‬ا‪9EN‬‬
‫‪ ;<0T‬ا‪ 8a‬أآ‪t5 "ً 8] c:, 3(d8 v‬هاف ا(ء ا"‪ A‬وا>‪ <H‬ا‪.x"S‬‬
‫‪ "("n‬أدرك ب ا أه( اب ا‪ "ً 4,n8 ،‬ا‪ ،Bd‬ا(‪%E‬ت‪ ،‬و‪"H#-‬ت ا‪D‬ذا‪ Y‬وا‪0<,1‬ن‪،‬‬
‫وآ‪_{8 "R,‬اة ‪05‬ة أ‪"5‬ث آ‪#‬ة ‪i8‬و ‪ ª: ،c(? KY‬و‪"48‬ر‪"80,>8 F‬ت إ‪"#S1A‬ر< ‪A"A ،<,4N‬‬
‫و‪ :"4m‬و‪RE8 ."R(4N‬ة ‪ K8 ;(Y w<5‬ا"‪ {,"5 K4T‬ا>‪N ،<#‬ا][ وة ا‪"5a‬ث ا‪%YD‬م‬
‫ا‪AD‬ا‪ uN ،9,I‬ا("دة ‪ e,Y "Rv#‬ا‪0<,1‬ن و ‪ /‬أو ‪F‬ه" ‪08 e,Y‬ا]‪ " c‬ا(‪"4‬و‪ "8‬ا(‪H#- e,Y ,1S‬‬
‫ا‪ .kF1FD‬أ‪ "8‬أ‪ R-‬ا‪04‬ات ا‪ (Z( 8%YD‬ب ا ‪0<,N n8 9R:‬ن ا("ر‪"(, #"#: .‬ه<‪K‬‬
‫ا‪AD‬ا‪4N ،K,I‬م ا(‪a 0<: y<- n‬اث ‪ K8 &"A‬ا(>آ‪ ،‬آ(" ‪4N‬م ‪5‬ا‪ 8‬إ&‪"#‬ر<‪%,8 ،‬ت‬
‫درا‪ ،8‬وا<‪ 0‬آ‪"#,‬ت‪5 .‬ا<‪ ،‬و]‪ ;#‬إ‪"F‬ب إ‪A‬ا‪"# K8 ;I‬ن‪"H8D"5 KH< 3 ،‬ن ‪"8‬هة ‪ K<,N‬ا("ر إ‪U‬‬
‫‪ ;#] K8‬ا‪0E‬د ا‪AD‬ا‪ K,I‬ا(‪0?0‬د<‪"# 9: K‬ن‪ 9: .‬آ; ا‪0a‬ال‪ ،‬و‪ 9:‬ا‪ k]0‬ا("‪ 5 en ،[A‬ا(‪n‬‬
‫‪ U‬ا‪ ،" e‬و‪ ،ً"4U‬ا‪ e‬آ; إ‪A‬ا‪ ،;I‬أ‪ 9: #>- n8 k#x‬أو‪"A‬ط‬ ‫‪>5 wT"8‬ة ?‪ "ً 50‬و‪ً 0x‬‬
‫‪08‬ا‪ 9T‬ا‪%#‬د ا>ب ‪"& ;H5‬ص‪ .‬و(‪ :"H‬ه_ا ا‪" ،<R1‬ول ‪%A‬ح ا‪ 0E‬ا‪AD‬ا‪] 8N 9,I‬رات ‪5‬‬
‫ا("ر‪ .‬و] ‪ k,:‬ه_^ ا‪0RE‬د ‪a‬ن ب ا آ"ن ] ?‪"n8 ،ً"848 ،R‬ت ‪ nN) ,G8‬أو ‪ >N‬ا‪#‬‬
‫‪05‬ا‪ nA‬أدوات أ&ى( ‪"(u‬ن إ‪(1A‬ار ا‪.#‬‬

‫آ"‪ kF‬ر‪ "A‬ب ا إ‪5‬از إ‪A‬ا‪ ;I‬آو > و‪ K8 Y0(E8 "RH< u<8‬ا"س ا(‪،Kn‬‬
‫‪ًv8‬ا ‪0x‬رة ‪0#HY k#‬ت ‪(8‬ق ‪ .<"n18‬ه_^ ا‪ ،;I"A‬ا(‪"(E :R1‬ه ا(‪ (Z‬ا(‪ k>A ،K,‬ا‪e‬‬
‫‪(1Af 3R>EN‬ار ‪>(5‬آ‪ 3R1‬إ‪A‬ا‪08 9: ;I‬ا?‪5 "8 R‬ا ‪ }Ft5‬إ‪"(1‬ل ‪ .;18‬و‪ " [#5‬إ‪A‬ا‪;I‬‬
‫ا‪ ،R‬آ"‪>8 kF‬آ ‪ e,Y ،"R 48‬ا(ى ا‪ ،;<0n‬أن ‪01N‬ج ‪"E"5‬ح‪.‬‬
‫(‪ :"H‬ه_ا ا‪ ;v(1‬ا‪ ،9#,‬أ]‪ k‬إ‪A‬ا‪"# ;I‬ن ‪"(5‬م ‪ K8‬ا‪"x"d4‬ت ا‪0‬ر] <‪dF "R: RZ‬ا‬
‫‪ K8 H#- B,& "ً F0E8‬ا‪"#u4‬ن ا‪U0‬ذ<‪ .‬أ‪ "8‬ا>‪0‬ان ‪"H:‬ن‪ 4" :‬أآ ‪dF ) 3H‬ا( ‪t5‬ن إ‪A‬ا‪k5 ;I‬‬
‫‪ K8 U‬ذ‪ ".s‬ه_ا ا‪"H‬ر<‪0N"H‬ر آ"ن أ ا‪ ;I"A‬ا ا><ة‬
‫‪0#HY‬ت‪ }H ...‬وا?} ‪ K8 H#-‬ا‪U0‬ذ ‪ً 5‬‬
‫ا(‪"]D ((d‬ع ا‪ ،ً"80(Y ،KF"#,‬وإ]"ع ‪<i8‬ي ب ا ا> ‪t5 ،"8 4<n5‬ن إ‪A‬ا‪N U ;I‬ال ]‪0‬ة‬
‫<ُ[ ‪" "R‬ب‪ 9: .‬آ; ا‪0a‬ال‪uN 4 ،‬رت ه_^ ا‪0d‬رة ‪5‬ة ‪U= : "8Y‬ف ا‪AD‬ا‪0,I‬ن ‪K8‬‬
‫‪"(- 9: 3RN05‬ل إ‪A‬ا‪ [4Y ;I‬ه‪"(E‬ت ب ا ا‪"d‬رو&‪.‬‬
‫ه"ك ر‪ (<] F "A‬أ&ى ب ا ‪"]D k>A‬ع ?‪ }1R#‬اا&‪ "RF0H8 x"& – ,‬ا>‪– 9‬‬
‫‪"45 }Ft5‬م ا(‪>(5 (Z‬آ ‪ c8‬إ‪A‬ا‪"#1Yr5 Y0:8 KHN 3 "RFr: ;I‬رات ‪ I"T‬أو د< ‪ ،4‬وإ‪5 "(F‬ا‪c:‬‬
‫& و‪"# "x‬ن‪ .‬و‪8 9:‬ا<ة ‪ ©<041‬ه_ا ا‪D‬د‪"Y‬ء‪F ،‬ت إ‪A‬ا‪ ;I‬آ"ر<‪0N"H‬رًا ‪0d< "ً F"m‬ر ‪dF‬ا‬
‫‪ B,& en,1< "ً F"#? "ً dS-‬ا>[ ا‪ .9F"#,‬و‪"D"5‬ءة ‪ s1HN e,Y‬ب ا ا(‪S1Ar5 w,>1‬ام ا(‪KF‬‬
‫آروع ‪ e,Y MALAT kZ:" ،<5‬ا‪04‬ل ‪t5‬ن ‪ "x‬ا(‪ KF‬و&ه‪ 3‬آ"ن =& ‪0?08 -‬د ‪9:‬‬
‫ذه‪dF K‬ا‪ ،‬و‪ }Ft5‬ه‪ K8 3‬آ"‪0F‬ا <‪0>:‬ن‪ 9: ،‬ا‪ }N"A"A K(m ،<"R‬ا‪ I"n‬ا‪ 80ER‬ا>وا‪.F‬‬
‫‪dF e>A‬ا ‪ K8 RE5‬ا‪#‬ا< ‪1 "ً 8"(N‬و< ‪ }F‬آ‪ I"4‬إ]‪ 9(,‬وآ‪ n,‬د<‪ .‬إذ آ"ن ‪i8‬و‪ ،ًU‬و‪ w:‬ه_^‬
‫ا‪ 0‬ا(دو?‪dF d< "8 [5 ،‬ا‪ KY ،‬ا(‪ (R‬ا(‪ 815 A4‬إ‪A‬ا‪ .;I‬و‪ ª,4N ;8t5‬ور‬
‫و‪8‬ا‪dF 3Y‬ا ا‪ (,]D‬وا<‪ ،‬ر‪ ku:‬إ‪A‬ا‪ I"] (N ;I‬ب ا ‪8 ،}1,I"Y H5‬ة إ}‪%5 ،‬‬
‫‪U"#8‬ة‪ e,Y ،‬إ‪18‬اد ا‪d‬اع ‪ :K 3Ar5‬إ‪ .<"(18 cI"- 95Y 3A‬إن ‪dF <EN‬ا ‪- K8‬ف إ‪3A‬‬
‫ا>"‪ ,I‬وا‪ }(Ar5 } }?01‬ا‪a‬ول آ"ن } ‪I":‬ة إ"‪ 9: :‬إ‪F‬ا} ‪ }I",Y K8‬آ‪ I"4‬د<‪ 9‬ا‪E8 e‬د ‪ U‬أ‪.‬‬
‫دق إ‪7,‬‬
‫ْ"‪ ،‬ه"ك ‪0F K8 ;I"8‬ع دق إ‪ 9: KA‬ا‪ F"E1‬ا‪>, 9Y"(1?D‬و ‪KY‬‬ ‫‪"5‬ء ‪ e,Y‬ا(‪#‬أ ا‪G: " 3<4‬ق ‪ُ N‬‬
‫‪ w<T‬إ‪"m‬رة ا‪N01‬ات ا(‪ cA0N ،>(1E‬ا‪"8"4FD‬ت ا(‪0?0‬دة ‪ ،ً"45"A‬و&‪ w,‬إ‪"8"4F‬ت ?<ة‪ .‬وه_ا ا‪8a‬‬
‫<(‪n5 }44N KH‬ق ‪Y‬ة‪ w,& :‬إ‪"H1‬ك ‪ K5‬ا‪ KY"n4‬ا"‪ 9A‬وا>‪H‬ي‪ ،‬أو ‪R1Ar5‬اف ا‪}F lE‬‬
‫وإ‪"m‬رة ا‪ .}:0x 9: (4‬و<(‪>, KH‬اوة ا‪ 4#n‬أن ‪0HN‬ن و‪ k,5 ">: ,A‬ا‪ ^"#1FD‬ا‪ e‬ا‪ H‬ا‪"< 91‬رِب‬
‫‪ "R:‬ا‪4‬اء و<(‪0N0‬ن ‪ e,Y‬ا‪ s(R< K 9: ،R#E‬ا‪"a‬ء ‪ 9:‬ا(‪ c1‬وا‪ 9: 0R,‬اا&;‪ .‬آ(" أن ا‪",]a‬ت‬
‫ا< وا‪ mD‬ه‪ ،9‬أ<‪ ،ً"u‬أهاف ‪ (4N ;I"A >#T‬إ?‪ ،ً"Y"(1‬و‪"N c8‬ر<‪"# p‬ن ا‪"5 ;<0n‬اع‬
‫ا(‪"H"5 ،9>(1E‬د <‪0H‬ن ا‪ "ً o?"8 8a‬أن ‪0HN‬ن إ‪A‬ا‪S1Ar5 k8"] ;I‬ام ذآ‪ 9‬و"د (‪#‬أ ‪G:‬ق ‪ 9: ُN‬ه_ا‬
‫ا"ق أ<‪R1Ar#: ."ً u‬ا‪ "R:‬دروز‪ ،98 ،‬و‪"# A‬ن‪">5D MALAT knn& ،‬د ه_^ ا(‪">(1E‬ت أآ‪v‬‬
‫‪ KY‬ب ا و‪ }<<i8‬ا>‪.‬‬

‫‪ k>A‬إ‪A‬ا‪ ;I‬ا‪ e‬إ]"ع ه_^ ا(‪">(1E‬ت ‪t5‬ن ا(‪"& ;(Y (Z‬ر?‪0(5 s(R8 9‬ا‪ ,x‬أ?ة ‪"R ]%Y U‬‬
‫آ‪ًv‬ا ‪"# "d(5‬ن ا‪ .44‬و‪ ^_R‬ا{"<‪ ،‬أ]‪5 MALAT k‬وت‪ ،‬إ"‪ :‬ا‪ e‬إ‪"n8‬ره" ‪"#‬ن ‪05‬ا‪;5‬‬
‫‪ K8‬ا‪"x"d4‬ت ا‪0‬ر] ا(‪ :0t‬ا(‪ ,1S‬ا(‪ ,8">1‬آ‪ B>5 "R,‬وإ"ح ‪ c8‬ه_ا ا(‪00‬ع‪U¯"5 ،‬ف ‪K8‬‬
‫‪0#Y‬ات ا‪0R‬اء ا(>‪", l‬رات ‪E- ;H5‬ة أرز – ر‪"# 8‬ن ا‪ c8 – 9T0‬رأس ‪dF‬ا ‪"ً :0& "ً (H8‬‬
‫&‪ B,‬ا‪E‬ة‪ .‬آ"ن _‪Y s‬ة ‪"4#T‬ت ‪ K8‬ا(>"‪d: .9F‬ا آ"ن‪8 ،‬ة أ&ى‪"HA B,& #1S< ،‬ن ‪"#‬ن‬
‫‪ "ً >8‬إ<"ه‪ .nS, 3‬و‪ 9:‬أ‪ ;A‬ا>‪0#‬ة ‪"#Y k>#ُT‬رة ‪0N‬ر< ‪04N‬ل‪ " ،‬د‪ 3A"41F "F0Y‬را‪ "،#T I‬وا‪91‬‬
‫‪ 5>"5 9>N‬أ<‪ ."S#N " "ً u‬أ‪ "8‬إذا آ"ن ه"ك ‪ K8‬أ ] أ&‪ 94,N 9: w‬ا‪ 9: "8 4<n5 "A‬ا‪،<"R‬‬
‫‪r:‬ن ا>‪0#‬ة آ"‪18 kF‬ا‪ N x"d45 4:‬ا‪ e‬ا‪ " :9"1‬ا‪0>< 8a‬د ‪"(, s‬ح ا‪ I‬ا‪a‬رز ا‪ BZ‬ا(>‪l‬‬
‫أن <(‪"# O‬ن ‪8‬ة أ&ى‪".‬‬
‫وو‪ c]0(, "ً 4:‬ا‪ H#- e,Y 9F"#,‬ا‪ ، "Beirut Live " ،kF1FD‬و‪0,8 ©]"N 9:‬ظ ‪d( #"5‬‬
‫]‪"x"d‬ت اب ا ا(‪ :0t‬ا(‪ ،,E‬ا‪ k>(ُ? 91‬وأ]‪0: k‬رًا ‪ ،ً"#<4N‬إ‪ ©4F‬ا‪0F"#,‬ن ‪ e,Y‬إ‪"41‬ط‬
‫ه_^ ا>‪0#‬ات ا‪AD‬ا‪ .,I‬و‪ >u#‬أ‪ 5 U ،R-‬وأ‪ }F‬آ"ن ى =‪U‬ف ا‪ }#8 KF"#,‬واع و‪0>- U‬ري ‪K(Y‬‬
‫آ"ن <‪S1‬م ه_^ ا>‪0#‬ات ‪ "f‬وا‪"41FD‬دات ا‪%‬ذ‪.Y‬‬
‫و‪ w(>1‬ا‪"4FD‬م ‪ K5‬ب ا وا‪ "ً 80(Y KF"#,‬ذآت ‪ MALAT‬ا‪"x"d] #Y ،KF"#,‬ت ور]‬
‫‪ ،Y0#n8‬آ‪ 3R10 B‬ا(‪05 ،(Z‬ا‪8 AtN nA‬اآ ]"دة‪"d8 ،‬ت إ‪%T‬ق ‪0x‬ار<‪ ،p‬وا‪"1&D‬ء ‪9:‬‬
‫أو‪ ،ً"80(Y 3RT"A‬ا‪ e‬أهاف ‪8 <HY‬و‪ .Y‬و‪ [5‬و‪ Y‬ه_^ ا‪"x"d4‬ت‪r: ،‬ن "‪T‬د ب ا ‪K8‬‬
‫‪ K(uA 3HN05‬أ‪ 3H8‬و<‪ K8 3Hd,S‬ا‪ Bd4‬ا‪AD‬ا‪ k>A 4 ."9,I‬إ‪A‬ا‪ ;I‬ا‪Y e‬ل ب ا وإ‪">5‬د^‬
‫‪ KY‬ا(‪ c(1E‬ا‪ 9F"#,‬وذ‪t5 s‬ن و‪Y‬ت ‪ 31< "(" }Ft5‬ا‪ K8 ª,S1‬ب ا ‪r:‬ن ا‪0F0HA KF"#,‬ا ‪ 9:‬أ‪"8‬ن‬
‫‪ K8‬ا‪"(ER‬ت‪ .‬ه_^ ا‪ "A‬آ"‪ kF‬أ<‪"#Y "ً u‬رة ‪H8 ,(? KY‬رة ‪08‬زو‪ F‬و‪ :": w:‬اب ا‬
‫ا‪ HA%H‬وا‪04N 91‬ل " " <" ‪"] c8 y4: "1,H8 ،3H>8 ;H8‬د‪ 3HN‬ا‪".F"n‬‬
‫و‪"5‬ء ‪ e,Y‬ا ‪t5‬ن ‪ 3Z>8‬ا‪ ] KF"#,‬إآ‪01‬ا ‪ K8 3RNt< "(8 "ً 8"(N‬ا‪"S‬رج‪ ،9><"8 ،‬ا‪ ;&1‬ا‪0‬ري‬
‫وا‪<D‬ا‪- ،9F‬دت اب ا ا‪AD‬ا‪dF 94,N 44 e,Y ,I‬ا وب ا أوا‪8‬ه‪-"#8 3‬ة ‪K8‬‬
‫د‪ w8‬و‪RT‬ان‪"Z1": .‬هات ا‪ (Su‬ا("ه‪0, u‬ر<‪ ;1] (<? [4Y K‬ر‪ w:‬ا<ي‪ ،‬ر‪I‬‬
‫وزراء ‪"#‬ن ا‪0A ©<15 ،9‬ري [ ‪ "8‬زُ‪ kY ،3Y‬ا‪ e‬أن ه_ا ا‪0‬ع ‪ K8‬ا‪= e4,1A ;I"A‬ذا‪"ًF‬‬
‫‪ ."x‬و‪ ;8t5‬ا‪"(v1AD‬ر ‪_R5‬ا ا(اج ا(>"دي ‪<D‬ان و‪0A‬ر<"‪ ،‬أ‪"x"d] MALAT kE1F‬ت ‪<Y‬ة ‪94,N‬‬
‫ا‪0u‬ء ‪ e,Y‬ا‪D‬ر‪"T"#N‬ت ا< وا>‪ c8 ,‬ا‪ KI‬ا‪ Aa‬وأ(ي ‪"EF‬د‪ .‬إ"‪ ،s_ :‬وز‪ kY‬إ‪A‬ا‪;I‬‬
‫آ"ر<‪0N"H‬رًا <‪#‬و ‪dF }:‬ا‪ ;H5 ،‬أ‪ e>:‬ا‪50H‬ا‪"({F e,Y ª]< ،‬ت ‪"88‬ر ا‪ I‬ا‪<D‬ا‪ 9F‬أ(ي‬
‫‪"EF‬د‪ .‬إن ‪dF <0dN‬ا آ‪ e>:t‬آ"ن أ<‪dF (?"R( 4<T "ً u‬ا ‪ "ً dS-‬وإ‪5‬از^ ‪"ًF"n- "ً dS-‬‬
‫‪ ."ً ( ُ8‬و‪"5‬ق ‪ K5 "8 kn,& x"d] – }5"8‬اب ا ور‪08‬ز ‪ – :"4m‬وز‪ MALAT kY‬أ<‪"ً u‬‬
‫ر‪ "ً (A‬ه ً" <‪dF RZ‬ا <‪"8"5 [>,‬ل‪0Y 9: :‬دة ا‪ e‬ا"‪ Y‬ا‪0‬ري ا‪F R‬ار ]‪ ،9F"#‬ا_ي <‪1‬ث‬
‫‪ KY‬ا‪%a‬م ا‪01N 91‬ل‪ ،‬آ"‪%4‬ع ا‪ ،,8‬ا‪ e‬ه‪"#‬ء‪.‬‬
‫‪ 9:‬آ; ا‪0a‬ال‪04N 4 ،‬ض آ; ه_ا ا"ط ا‪0‬ا‪ [#5 Y‬ا‪a‬ذى ا(‪ BAi‬ا‪ {5 w%‬ا(‪Bd4: .K,N"4‬‬
‫‪5‬وت و?‪0‬ب ‪"#‬ن ‪ e,Y y{u,‬ا‪ 80H‬ا‪ F"#,‬أدى‪d5 ،‬ف ا‪ KY Z‬ا‪n‬ق ا‪E‬ا ا(‪،4#n‬‬
‫ا‪04A e‬ط "<" ‪ K8‬ا(‪"u&r: .KF‬ع ‪ c58‬ا‪5 9: "u‬وت‪ ;4>8 ،‬ا> و‪8 c08‬اآ ]"دات‬

‫ب ا‪ ،‬ا‪ K8 ,( e‬ا‪r5 [#N Bd4‬ه‪1‬از ا(‪ 9: 9F"#‬آ; ‪5‬وت؛ و‪ K8 - U‬ه_ا ‪ [#‬إ‪A‬ا‪;I‬‬
‫ا‪"HA e‬ن ‪5‬وت‪"x"d4": .‬ت ا(‪"4,‬ة ا‪ dN 91‬ا‪"H‬ن ا(‪"5 KF‬ار ‪ K8‬ا(‪s,N 9: Y"A 4n‬‬
‫‪ K8 U‬إ‪"m‬رة ‪ Y"8‬ا‪"18D‬ن ‪0RE‬ده"‪ ،‬وآ"ن ب ا‬ ‫ا‪"Z,‬ت ‪N e,Y‬آ ا{‪ e,Y [u‬إ‪A‬ا‪ً 5 ;I‬‬
‫‪ 9: "ً ><A‬ا‪"-D‬رة ا‪ e‬ا(‪ KF‬ا‪ KF"#,‬ا_<‪ K‬آ"‪0F‬ا "<" >و ‪"8, ln>18‬ء‪Y ،‬و آ; ا>ب ‪0A‬اء‬
‫‪ .} #"5‬و‪ c8‬ر‪ }(,Y c:‬ا‪"S‬ص ا‪ [F"? e‬ا>‪ 3,‬ا‪ 9F"#,‬و‪ yA‬د‪"8‬ر ‪5‬وت‪ ،‬آ"ن ب ا < ا‪e‬‬
‫إ‪1‬ا‪ }8‬وو‪ }IU‬ا{ ‪ ^"EN 348‬ا‪.,#‬‬
‫إ"‪ :‬ا‪ e‬إ‪">5‬د ب ا ‪ KY‬ا(‪ c(1E‬ا‪ k8"] ،9F"#,‬إ‪A‬ا‪"mD "R>A05 "8 ;H5 ;I‬رة ا("آ; دا&;‬
‫ا(‪ ,(": .(Z‬أ‪"-‬رت ا‪ e‬ا‪ H‬ا‪ 91‬آ"ن ‪0? }:‬د ا("ة ‪ 9:‬ب ا <‪0_#‬ن د‪ e,Y 3RI"8‬ا‪9: R#E‬‬
‫ا‪ k]0‬ا_ي آ"ن ‪"# }:‬ط ]"دا‪ً>5 Koّ#S8 3RN‬ا ‪ KY‬ا‪"ZFa‬ر و‪"8t5‬ن ‪ 9:‬ا‪ R#E‬ا‪"dND": .,S‬ل ا‪0‬‬
‫‪d‬ا ‪ c8‬ا‪ "8 [5 ،R#E‬أ‪"-‬رت ‪ ،MALAT‬آ"ن ‪ #Y‬أ‪ T-‬ا<‪ .0‬إذن أ<‪ K‬آ"ن ه_ا ا_ي <‪eY‬‬
‫‪ ،ً"(ZY %‬ا_ي أر‪0N0(1 3H,A‬ن ‪ 3m‬أ&‪"& }F e‬رج &‪ y‬ا"ر ‪0H‬ن ‪"8t5‬ن؟ ‪"4,>N KHN 3‬ت إزدرا‪I‬‬ ‫‪ً n5‬‬
‫‪ K8‬ه_ا ا‪0‬ع‪ُ "8 [5 ،‬أ‪ {5 ،;G8‬إ‪"m‬رة ‪ Y"8‬ا‪ (4‬وا‪"1AD‬ء ‪ 9:‬أو‪"A‬ط ]‪0‬ات ب ا ا(‪،y4: ,N"4‬‬
‫‪dF ;5‬ا ‪ e,Y‬ا‪S‬وج ‪ A" [#5 ،^t#S8 K8‬ا>ب ا"دة ‪ ;I"8 ^"EN‬اف وا‪H‬ا‪،8‬‬
‫‪0ER }F s_5 "ً G>8‬م إ‪A‬ا‪.-"#8 9,I‬‬
‫‪ :;2‬ا
‪9‬ا‪8‬‬
‫آ"‪ t8 kF‬ا"ظ ‪ e,Y‬ا(‪d‬ا] ?ءًا "‪ e,Y "ً (A‬اوام ‪ 9:‬ب ب ا ا إ‪A‬ا‪9: .;I‬‬
‫آ; ا‪0a‬ال‪5 ،‬أ ب ا ‪"Y 9:‬م ‪ 9: ،2006‬ز ‪"4N w(15 ،<(N U<4N‬ر<^ ‪(5‬ا‪."R: "#8 3Y‬‬
‫وآ"‪ B4,15 ><A MALAT kF‬ا‪d8 ©<041 x‬ا] ‪dF‬ا ‪ }H5‬آ‪"H‬ذب‪ ،‬و‪T ،E1"5‬ح‬
‫ا‪ ]0m0(5 s‬أ‪ }"(Y‬و‪ }N"A"A‬آ‪.;H‬‬
‫وو‪ ،s_ "ً 4:‬و‪dF &"N "8Y‬ا ‪t5‬ن ب ا ‪"8 9: }:0x 9: I"& ،ً",(Y،#H1< 3‬ر اب‪،‬‬
‫‪F‬ت ‪0: MALAT‬رًا ]"‪ 9,N"4(5 ,<0T (I‬ب ا ا(‪ 9: K014‬اب‪ .‬و‪ "8Y‬ز‪ 3Y‬ب ا‪ ،‬ردًا‬
‫‪ e,1] KY %‬ب‬ ‫‪ً d8 "ً F"m %‬‬
‫‪ e,Y‬ذ‪t5 ،s‬ن ا‪ "8 (I"4‬ه‪ 9‬إ‪ U‬إ&‪%1‬ق آ"‪ ،;8‬أ‪x‬رت ‪ً EA MALAT‬‬
‫ا‪ ،ً"4U .‬و‪ c8‬إ&‪1‬ا]‪N "R‬ددات ‪ 5‬ا("ر‪ kv>5 ،‬إ‪A‬ا‪0d5 ;I‬ر ‪ e,14‬ب ا ‪ e,Y‬ا‪0R‬اء‪3Y1 ،‬‬
‫‪8 s_5‬ا‪"#mr5 "R(Y‬ت ‪ ;#48 ;>? 9:‬ت ا(‪ (Z‬و‪"R<<i8‬‬
‫‪ y#RN‬أآ‪.v‬‬
‫و‪ ،}5"8 ;H5‬و‪dF e>A "8Y‬ا ‪ Bn& <#1‬ا‪ K<E‬ا‪AD‬ا‪ – Kْ,I‬اث ا_ي أ‪ ;>-‬ا‪d‬اع‬
‫‪ %‬آ‪_R‬ا آ"ن ور< ً" ‪ (A <1‬ا‪"n4‬ر‪ ،‬ا_ي آ"ن <‪ KE"5 504Y 9u4‬ا(‪9: 5i‬‬ ‫– ‪r5‬د‪ }I"Y‬أن ‪ً (Y‬‬
‫إ‪A‬ا‪ [#5 ;I‬أ‪ nF‬إره"‪ MALAT k4,N ،5‬ا‪dF BH x‬ا‪ ،‬إن ‪ KH< 3‬آ‪"H‬ذب‪>: ،‬ه"‬
‫آ?; ‪018 9A"A 3H ["x‬ا‪ c‬أو آ‪ e,Y "ً #I"x "ً (H s,(8 <(15‬ت ا‪ e‬إ‪A‬ا‪ KY ;I‬رون =راد‪ ،‬ا‪"n‬ر ا‪AD‬ا‪ 9,I‬ا(‪04‬د ‪ _8‬ا>"م ‪ kF"H ،1986‬إ‪A‬ا‪;I‬‬

‫‪0R18 %‬رًا <‪"# c:‬ن‬
‫أ‪A k4,T‬اح ‪ (A‬ا‪"n4‬ر‪ .‬أ‪0(u8 "8‬ن ا‪%H‬م ه" ‪ 0R:‬أن ‪ ,(Y‬ا‪ BnS‬آ"‪ً (Y kF‬‬
‫‪ }(m‬ا¯ن‪.‬‬
‫إن ا‪"4‬م ‪ ;d15‬إ&"]"ت ‪dF‬ا ‪ RE‬ا‪u5 KRH1‬اوة اد ا‪AD‬ا‪ 9,I‬آ"ن ‪0d48‬دًا ‪}1F"H8 ©<041‬‬
‫آ‪0m08 I"4‬ق‪ .‬و‪" ©]"N 9:‬د ‪"Y c8‬دة ‪dF‬ا ‪ }F 3<415‬آ‪0d>8 ªS‬م ‪ KY‬ا‪ k>A ،tnS‬إ‪A‬ا‪;I‬‬
‫‪ }H‬آ‪ .[: Y ;N"4‬و‪ ،}5"8 ;H5‬أ‪ k#m‬ور ‪dF‬ا ا‪0a‬ه‪ ،9‬ا_ي إ‪>5 eR1F‬د ‪K8 edُ< U‬‬
‫ا‪"n&a‬ء وا"‪"5‬ت ا‪ }Ft5 ،oT"S‬آ"ر‪"#, #"5 8"N m‬ن و‪Y 4: .}#>-‬ض ا(>‪ e‬ا‪ 9(u‬ا(‪1‬اآ‪3‬‬
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‫إذا‪Y Y‬وة‪ .‬و(‪0d c‬ل ه_ا ا‪5 ،8a‬أت ا‪D‬ذا‪ wT"8 KY ;x"N #5 Y‬ا‪0ER‬م ا(?‪x"F ،‬‬
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‫‪ K8‬ا(‪.4n‬‬
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‫‪ B>,‬ا"‪9‬؟ إ?>; ‪"? !"ً Y0(8 sN0x‬وب‪ "...‬آ(" أ‪ k4,T‬إ‪A‬ا‪ e,Y "ً >]08 ;I‬ا‪ H#‬ا‪1HD‬و‪kN F‬‬
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‫ا_<‪ K‬آ"‪"# "d8 kF‬ن ‪<Y‬ة ‪a 3R50,] e,Y‬ن <_آوا ‪"d8 c]08‬ت ‪0x‬ار<‪ p‬ب ا ووا‪}N‬‬
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‫‪"v1AD‬رة ا(‪ (Z‬وإ‪"4:‬ده" ر‪? ;H5 "R-t? T"5‬ي‪.‬‬
‫‪ @2‬ب ا ‪ +,‬اا‬
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‫‪ ،;d8‬وه_ا ا‪ "x 9: 8a‬ا‪.341‬‬
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‫إ‪"-‬رات ه"‪ KY 8‬إ‪n‬ا‪"5‬ت ‪0x 9:‬ف ب ا‪ e,Y .‬ا>‪ 4 ،H‬إ‪ kR1F‬اب ‪ c8‬و?‪0‬د ‪dF‬ا‬
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‫اا‪ KْY‬ا‪0‬ري وا‪<D‬ا‪ 9F‬ب ا‪ .‬أ‪ "8‬ا‪ 8a‬ا‪0Aa‬أ‪ 0R: ،‬أن اا‪ ،KْY‬و‪ w<T KY‬ا‪"(v1AD‬ر ‪5‬ة‬
‫‪ 9:‬إ‪"Y‬دة إ‪"(Y‬ر ‪,5‬ات و]ى ‪"#‬ن ا(‪8‬ة‪ ] ،‬أ‪ e,Y "(R1u#] "(H‬ا‪.[: ,#‬‬

‫‪"5‬ء ‪8 e,Y‬ا?> ‪0( ,8"-‬ا]‪ H#- e,Y F"# c‬ا‪ {,"5 ) kF1FD‬ا‪ (<,HFD‬و‪"<dN‬ت "‪KA‬‬
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‫ا‪"Yd1‬ت ا(‪0?0‬دة ‪ K5‬ب ا و‪ ،R? K8 ،}<<i8‬و‪ }5‬و‪ K5‬ا(‪">(1E‬ت ا(‪ ،‬ارز<‪ ،‬وا‬
‫‪ R? K8‬أ&ى‪ .‬أ‪ "8‬ا‪ 0R: ،d‬أن ا‪04:1< 3 KF"#,‬ا ا‪ e‬ا‪0‬ارع ‪ 3R:U¬5‬ا(‪"Z1, i‬ه ب‬
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‫‪,‬ب؛ ‪ KH‬ر‪ "(5‬آ"ن ه_ا ‪ "ً #,n8‬آ‪ً#‬ا ‪E< U‬ر ‪"A 9: }>]0N "5‬ق ا"ة ا"‪ A‬ا‪ F"#,‬ا"‪ .‬أ‪"(5 "8‬‬
‫<‪5 w,>1‬ق إ‪ KA‬دا&; ا(‪ c(1E‬ا>‪ K5 ،9‬أو‪ so‬ا(‪ ;8a K<<i‬وا¯&<‪ K‬ا(‪ K<<i‬ب ا‪,: ،‬‬
‫ه"ك ‪ K8‬د; ‪ e,Y‬أن إ‪A‬ا‪" ] ;I‬و‪ k‬ا‪"4‬م ‪.e1 s_5‬‬
‫‪ R? K8‬أ&ى‪ ،‬آ"‪ kF‬ه(‪"(R‬ت ا‪ yS‬وا‪"1AD‬ء ‪ 9:‬أو‪"A‬ط ا‪"H‬ن‪18 ،ً"80(Y ،‬ة ‪18 ;H5‬ا<‪9: ،‬‬
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‫ا‪ ،n‬وآ"ن ا‪u‬ر ا("دي ‪ً? "ً ##A‬ا آ"< ‪ Y"8 KY#>1,‬ا(ارة‪ c8 .‬ذ‪ ،s‬و‪E, ;5"] ;H5‬ل‪،‬‬
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‫أ‪ e,Y "8‬ا(‪01‬ى ا‪ – 9H1H1‬ا(‪%5D"5 w,>1‬غ – ‪ k8"] 4:‬اب ا ا‪AD‬ا‪? ;H5 "R,(>5 ،,I‬‬
‫‪ ,(>: ."ً 4n8‬ا‪ K5 8‬ا‪"x"d4‬ت وا‪ ;I"A‬ا‪D‬ذا‪ Y‬أ]>‪Y k‬دًا آ‪ً#‬ا ‪ K8‬ا(‪%&r5 KF‬ء ‪wT"8‬‬
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‫‪ nS": .S8 ;H5‬آ"‪ kF‬ا‪%1AD‬ء ‪ ;4>8 ،;#? k5 e,Y‬ب ا ا‪0‬ا]> &‪0n& B,‬ط ا>و ‪،ً"8"(N‬‬
‫وأ&_ ‪0x‬ر ا>‪ 3,‬ا‪AD‬ا‪:< 9,I‬ف ‪0:‬ق ا‪,#‬ة‪ .‬ه_^ ا‪0d‬رة آ"‪ (<R "ً dS,N 9>N kF‬ب ا‬
‫وإ‪"d1F‬ر إ‪A‬ا‪ 9: .;I‬آ; ا‪0a‬ال‪ ،‬و‪ 35‬إ‪"1‬د^ ‪ ;#? k5 9:‬ور‪ }>:‬ا>‪r: ،3,‬ن ا‪ lE‬ا‪AD‬ا‪9,I‬‬
‫‪"YA‬ن ‪ "8‬أُ?‪ e,Y #‬ا‪"FD‬ب ‪ K8‬ا‪,#‬ة ‪04A c8‬ط "<" آ‪ .}:0x 9: v‬ه_^ ا>(‪ ,‬ا"‪ ,-‬آ"‪kF‬‬
‫‪ 0R, U‬ا‪ "R5 KُN 91‬ب ‪ "ً F‬وا‪ 0R‬ا‪ "R: KH(< 91‬إر‪"5‬ك ب ‪ : F‬ا‪,(Y E1‬‬
‫‪ U‬أو ً‬
‫‪ً "v8‬‬
‫‪ 9: ،A ;H5 ،wSN ،80Y8 BdF‬إاث ا‪ mt1‬ا(‪0,n‬ب‪.‬‬
‫‪ 4‬آ"‪ :‬ب ا ا(‪ ,‬ا‪AD‬ا‪ c(5 "ً #" ،,I‬ا‪"H‬ن ا(‪04"5 K,‬ة ‪ K8‬اار ‪8 K8‬ح ا(>آ‪،‬‬
‫"‪ ،s_5 "ً 8‬أ]‪04A K8 ed‬ط ا‪ "<"u‬ا(‪ .KF‬و‪ KH< 3 "8Y‬ه"ك ‪Y‬د آ"ف ‪ K8‬ا‪e,Y "<"u‬‬
‫ا‪a‬رض‪ ،‬آ"ن <"رع ا‪ 3SuN e‬ا‪Ya‬اد‪ ،‬دا‪8 "ً (Y‬ا‪ }(Y‬ا>د< ا(< ‪0,At5‬ب <(‪ " e‬ا‪0d‬رة‬
‫ا(<‪ ".‬أ‪ ""F"]" u] " 9: "8‬ا(‪0R‬رة ا¯ن‪_: ،‬اك ‪ l#F eY‬ا‪0#] K8 vE‬ره" وو>‪ "R‬و‪yA‬‬

‫أآ‪0‬ام ا(‪ 9F"#‬ا(‪ ،;5"4"5 :0d4‬أو‪ ،T"#5 ،‬ا‪"Z1‬ه ‪0("5‬ت ‪0d8 "d‬ري ب ا‪ .‬و‪]r5‬ار ‪"Y‬م‪،‬‬
‫‪"YA‬ن ‪ "8‬إ‪ kHF‬ا‪ ،"F"] 9: ><S‬إ‪ U‬أ‪ 9: }F‬ذ‪ s‬ا‪ K‬آ"ن ا‪u‬ر] ‪ w#A‬وو]‪ c8 c‬ا‪80H‬‬
‫ا‪AD‬ا‪ ,I‬آ; أ‪%A nF‬ح ا‪( 0E‬ة ‪ s_5 n>8 ،Y"A 48‬ب ا ‪1:‬ة إ‪1A‬ا آ"‪0F‬ا ‪A"8 ?"5‬‬
‫‪ ،"R‬ه_ا ‪ R? K8 ،R? K8‬أ&ى‪ 4 ،‬إ‪0x k>#nF‬ر أآ‪0‬ام ا‪"?a‬د ا((]‪045 ،‬ة‪ 9: ،‬أذه"ن ‪3Z>8‬‬
‫ا‪.KF"#,‬‬
‫أ&اً‪ 4 ،‬ذه[ ]‪ 3‬آ‪ (] K8 #‬اب ا دون أن <ُ‪S1‬م ‪ [#5‬إه("ل ?‪ l‬ا‪":‬ع ا‪AD‬ا‪9,I‬‬
‫ا‪"#1YD"5 _&a‬ر ا‪1‬ة ا‪ 8‬ا"‪ >5 "8 (A‬اب ‪ "8Y‬إر‪ k>N‬ا‪ "<"u4‬ا"‪ A‬ا‪1AD‬ا‪K8 ،EN‬‬
‫‪ %‬وا‪4>1‬ات ا"‪ A‬ا"‪ KY EN‬ذ‪ ،s‬وا‪ 91‬آ"ن ‪dF‬ا ‪"RT"41r5 "ً ><A‬‬ ‫‪0F‬ع ‪ K8‬ا_ي ر‪ 5‬اب ‪ً >:‬‬
‫وإ‪"R1F‬ز ا‪ l? ;: 4 .x‬ا‪":‬ع ا‪AD‬ا‪ 9: 9,I‬ا‪"4‬م ‪%5"4(5‬ت ‪"EA c8‬ء اب ‪ K8‬ب ا‪،‬‬
‫و‪N‬ي ا(‪ F"H‬ا‪ .(Z(, 0n#‬آ(" ‪0:‬ت ا‪t- K8 ;,41"5 x‬ن ب ا ‪ }H5‬ا>(" ا‪"#?D‬ر< )‬
‫"‪ "(Y "ً #‬أ‪"T‬ل( وا‪S1AD‬ام ا‪ KF(, 9,H‬ا‪ KF"#,‬آروع ‪.<5‬‬
‫إ ‪A‬ت‬
‫‪ c8‬و‪ "RN""EF c‬ا‪ "8 ،ً"#F"? IE‬ه‪ 0‬ا‪"&D 1‬ق (‪ ,‬اب ا ا‪AD‬ا‪,I‬؟ ‪5‬ا<‪K8 ،‬‬
‫ا(‪ ;1‬ا‪ #HF K5 ;d‬اب ا ا‪AD‬ا‪ KY ,I‬أداء إ‪A‬ا‪ ;I‬ا>‪H‬ي ا‪ ;8"H‬ا‪e,Y Y"#‬‬
‫ا‪": .eAa‬ب ا ‪: 9: ;(>N U‬اغ‪ "RH(< "(H: ،‬ا‪1‬و< ‪O‬هاف ا>‪r: ،<H‬ن ا‪""E‬ت‬
‫ا>‪ e,Y <H‬ا‪a‬رض ‪ (A" #1>N‬آ_‪ w41 s‬أهاف اب ا‪ e1: .‬أآ‪%( v‬ت اب‬
‫‪0HA H"5 U‬ن ‪d8‬ه" ا‪ y#S1‬وا‪U" 9: v>1‬ت <‪0H‬ن ‪ "R:‬ا>و ]"درًا ‪e,Y‬‬ ‫ا ‪ "ً d(N‬وإ‪ً "(Y‬‬
‫ا‪1YD‬از ‪ t5‬ا‪"EFD‬زات ا>‪ ،<H‬أو أآ‪ .v‬وو‪r: ،s_ "ً 4:‬ن ‪ l? ;:‬ا‪":‬ع ا‪AD‬ا‪ B]05 9,I‬وا‪;5‬‬
‫‪0x‬ار<‪ p‬ب ا ] أ‪ w‬ا‪"8 <t5 (<R‬و ‪ [F"? K8‬إ‪A‬ا‪r5 ;I‬د‪"Y‬ء ا‪ ،d‬ه_ا ‪Y‬ا ‪ 3<4N‬اب‬
‫‪ e,Y‬أ‪ "RF‬ه<( آ"‪ ,8‬ب ا‪.‬‬
‫آ"ن ‪0u,‬ا‪ y5‬وا‪D‬ر‪"A"HN‬ت ا(" ‪">8 mtN‬آ أ<‪ ,( e,Y "ً u‬اب ا ا‪AD‬ا‪.,I‬‬
‫‪"FD":‬ب ا‪AD‬ا‪ K8 9,I‬ا‪0E‬ب ا‪ 9: 9F"#,‬أ<"ر ‪ 2000‬ر‪"<0>8 K8 c:‬ت ب ا‪18 }1>(A ;>? ،‬‬
‫ى ‪Y‬د ‪ K8‬ا‪"o‬ت ‪"# 9:‬ن‪ .‬و‪ KHN 3‬ه_^ =& إ‪"d1F‬رات ب ا‪ K<N 9: .‬أول ‪"] ،2000‬م ‪BnS5‬‬
‫‪0? m%m‬د إ‪A‬ا‪K,I‬؛ ‪ e,Y‬ار (‪ ,‬ا‪ 9: BnS‬و]‪ K8 w5"A k‬ذ‪ s‬ا‪ ;? R‬أ‪"(Y‬ل إ‪A‬ا‪ 9,I‬ه‪0‬‬
‫‪.%‬‬ ‫ا‪ ;F00H‬ا"ن ‪"#F"N‬وم‪ ،‬ه_ا ا‪%{1AD‬ل ‪ K8 8‬دون أي رد ‪Y‬ا إ‪"?"E1‬ت د<‪ ،A"80,#‬ا(‪ 50,n‬أ‪ً x‬‬
‫‪8 "ً 0n5 "ً <HY %‬ه ً" ‪ًE8‬ا ‪#5‬ا‪9: ،KH .Y‬‬
‫آ‪ "1,‬ا"د‪"1m‬ن آ"‪ 3ZN K8 "1F‬ب ا ‪ً (Y "(R1d5‬‬
‫آ"‪0F‬ن ا‪ k8"] ،2004 9F"v‬ا(‪ 90n5 ;(>5 (Z‬أ‪"(5 ،;u:‬و‪ e,Y "R1‬إ‪%T‬ق ‪A‬اح ‪"ً EA 429‬‬
‫و‪ ً%41>8‬إدار<"ً‪"#F"N ;5"48 9: ،‬وم وا‪0E‬د ا‪ m%v‬ا‪ .e,14‬و] ر‪ ,(Y k>:‬ا‪"#1‬دل‪ ،‬ا‪ 91‬إ‪ 9: "R5 ;ُ1‬آ;‬
‫‪"#‬ن آ‪%4Fr‬ب ‪ K8 ،3S 9A"A‬ه‪ #‬و‪ F"H8‬ب ا وأآ‪ًE8 }1#‬ا أ‪ًHُ8 e,Y‬ا ‪ "ً AS8 ،‬أ ‪}<418‬‬
‫‪ 9:‬ا‪ k]0‬ا_ي إآ‪? K<<i8 }: [1‬د‪.‬‬
‫‪ >5‬ذ‪ s‬ه"ك ]‪0‬ة ا‪ c1‬ا"‪ N‬ا‪ ،<04‬ا‪4N 91‬م (‪ "R<<i‬د‪ "ً (Y‬إ<<‪ "ً ?00‬د< ً" ‪ ;<0T‬ا‪eY "8 ،8a‬‬
‫‪t5‬ن =‪"8‬ل إ‪A‬ا‪5 ;I‬ق إ‪ KA‬دا&; ب ا و ‪ /‬أو ‪ B,1S8 K5‬ا‪"o‬ت ا> ‪"#,‬ن ‪ ¥ } KH< 3‬آ‪#‬‬

‫‪"E"5‬ح‪ .‬و‪ c(E5‬ا‪08a‬ر ‪r: ،ً">8‬ن آ; ذ‪>< s‬ض ا‪ e‬أن (‪ ,‬اب ا ا‪AD‬ا‪; 9: ،kF"Y ,I‬‬
‫ا‪Z‬وف‪ ,H8 K8 ،‬ه"‪ 8‬و‪t5‬ن ‪ #F‬إ‪"(1‬ل ‪dF F"H8 3nN‬ا و‪ }1(Z8‬ا‪ ،Y"(1?D‬ا"‪،A‬‬
‫ا<‪ ،‬وا>‪ <H‬ا(> ه‪0"5 ،9‬ا]‪ً? F18 #F ،c‬ا ‪"<0>(: ."ً ,(Y‬ت ب ا ‪>N‬زت وإر‪k>N‬‬
‫أآ‪%& v‬ل اب ‪8 [#5‬ا]‪ #‬ا(‪ (Z‬ا]‪ 4‬وا(‪%Yf ,d‬م ا‪AD‬ا‪ ،9,I‬اا& ‪5‬وا<"ت ‪0‬ل‬
‫‪",(Y‬ت ا‪%&D‬ء ا‪"( (Su‬ل إ‪A‬ا‪ ;I‬و‪ y#SN‬وزراء ا‪ 80H‬و‪0>-‬ره‪ E>"5 3‬إزاء ذ‪.s‬‬
‫أ‪ 9: "8‬إ‪A‬ا‪r: ،;I‬ن ا‪"41FD‬د ا‪0‬ا‪t5 cA‬ن إدارة اب – إ‪"41F‬د ‪0? }Y #Y‬د إ‪"1‬ط ‪ 9:‬ا‪ ،lE‬أه"‪9‬‬
‫‪0Y0E8‬ن ‪t5‬و‪U‬ده‪ ،3‬ا‪%YD‬م‪ ،‬و‪0A"A‬ن ‪0A e,Y‬اء‪ [> ] -‬دورًا أ‪ ,( ;: 9: "ً A"A‬اب‬
‫ا ا‪AD‬ا‪x 9: .,I‬اع ‪HY‬ي آ‪_R‬ا‪a KH(< ،‬‬
‫ا‪ 9: 0E‬ا‪ R#E‬اا&‪ – KT0, ,‬ا‪0d‬رة ا(>و أ‪"8‬م ا>"‪ 3‬ا‪"S‬ر?‪"E "ً (A" – 9‬ح اب‬
‫ا‪.‬‬
‫و] و?ت ا‪ Eu‬ا(‪"v‬رة ‪ 9:‬إ‪A‬ا‪0 ;I‬ل ‪ 4<T‬إدارة اب‪ ،‬وا‪5 91‬أت &‪%‬ل ا‪0ER‬م ‪= ،ً"8"(N‬ذا‪"ًF‬‬
‫‪ "x‬ى ا‪ KF"#,‬ا(‪ "8 ،K(1R‬أدى ا‪Y N e‬د ‪ K8‬ر‪ MALAT ;I"A‬ا(‪ .,I"1‬و‪ c8‬إ‪ ^"EN‬ا‪08a‬ر‬
‫‪ "d‬ب ا‪ ،‬أدى ا‪#1‬م ا‪AD‬ا‪ 9,I‬وا‪"11AD‬ج ا‪ T"S‬ا‪ e‬د‪"8 3Y‬و‪U‬ت ‪dF‬ا إ‪5‬از إ‪A‬ا‪;I‬‬
‫آ‪04‬ة ‪ 9:‬إ‪F‬ار‪%1#8 ،‬ة ‪ B> c(1E(5‬و‪.348‬‬
‫آ(" ‪(, KH(< U‬ء أن <‪"E1‬ه; ‪ dY‬ا‪ k]0‬آ>"‪ 9: ;8‬ا; ا‪AD‬ا‪Y"4H: .9,I‬ة‪,1N ،‬م ‪",(Y‬ت‬
‫‪_E11 %‬ر‪0RE8 [,n1N 9R: .‬دًا ‪ ;<>1 "ً #,x‬ا(‪0‬ا]‪B‬‬ ‫ا‪"]D‬ع ا(‪HN‬ة ‪ e,Y‬أ‪"A‬س ‪ 9F‬و]‪ً <0T "ً 1‬‬
‫وا‪0,‬ك‪ ،‬ه_ا ‪Y‬ا ‪<0nN‬ه"‪ Y x"& ،‬ا< ‪41>8 KY‬ات ‪045 A{8‬ة‪ .‬و‪#N ،s_5‬أ (‪ ,‬اـ ‪"ً80< 33‬‬
‫‪ ]"Yr5‬ه"‪ >5 .8‬ذ‪ s‬ه"ك ا‪0‬ا]‪ c‬ا_ي <‪04‬ل ‪t5‬ن أاث ‪0(N‬ز ‪ k1"5 2006‬إ‪A‬ا‪: .;I‬ون أن ‪0HN‬ن‬
‫‪>18‬ة‪ ku8 ،‬ا‪ e‬ب ‪ K8‬دون ‪ ? HN‬و‪ w(Y‬و‪ K8‬دون ‪0dN‬ر ‪ nS w#8‬ب ‪n& : F‬‬
‫آ"‪"5 ،"RH(1 kF‬ء ‪ ;8"- 34N e,Y‬و‪ ،KH(ُ< "( ;d8‬و‪ K( }44N ،KH(ُ< U‬ا"ق ا‪ K8 ،9F"#,‬و‪c‬‬
‫أهاف ‪8‬ودة‪8 ،‬دة ‪005‬ح‪ ،‬و‪0HN s_5‬ن ‪ 9: .w41, ,5":‬اث‪#N ،‬و (‪ ,‬اب ا‬
‫‪ ,,A K8 "ً i8 %‬إ?اءات إر‪."EN‬‬‫‪ [NN %5 }u>5 e,Y "ً 80H8 %‬و‪ًE8‬ا ‪ً (Y ،,E>5‬‬ ‫ا‪AD‬ا‪ً (Y ,I‬‬
‫‪":‬وب <(‪ "R KH‬أن ‪ 1{5 cN‬وأن ‪0n1N‬ر‪018 ;H5 ،‬ا‪ HY ،N‬ا‪">]01‬ت‪ ،‬ا‪ [#‬ا_ي <ُ‪},?a d‬‬
‫دو‪ "ً 8‬أن <‪0H‬ن ه"ك إ‪1A‬ا‪ EN‬ب ‪ F‬أو أآ‪"18 9: v‬ول ا‪.‬‬
‫إن ا‪"41:D‬ر ا‪u8 n& e‬ة ‪ c8 ;8">1, "ً 45"A‬ب ا آ"ن ?ءًا ‪0(F K8‬ذج أآ‪ ،80(Y v‬اال ‪e,Y‬‬
‫‪ o5‬اب ا ا‪AD‬ا‪ ,I‬ا‪ ,H‬ا{ ‪ o5 ،(I%8‬أ‪0d] #x‬ره" ا_ا‪%& "ً 5 9N‬ل ‪"8‬ر ‪>8‬آ‬
‫إ‪A‬ا‪ c8 ;I‬ب ا ‪0T‬ال ‪ "8"Y 20‬وآ_‪%& s‬ل ا‪1991-1987 ) K1"1FD‬؛ ‪ .(2005-2000‬وآ("‬
‫أ‪ ،"F-‬أو]‪ k‬إ‪A‬ا‪ 9: ;I‬ا>"م ‪ ;(Y 2005‬وة اب ا ا‪"R,EA K1 e8 9: ،"R< (<4‬‬
‫ا(‪"E8 9: y#‬ل اب ا ‪ #18 ،‬إ<"ه" ‪>5‬ة ?<ة ‪ : ;8"H"5‬اـ ‪ . MALAT‬أ‪ "8‬ا(‪kF"H: ,H‬‬
‫أ‪ K8 "RF ª,S15 "R8"] 9: }F‬ا‪0‬ة ا‪ ،(<4‬ر‪ k8‬إ‪A‬ا‪ ;I‬ا‪ ;n‬ا‪^"8 9: (MALAT ) 0‬‬
‫ا‪"(1AD‬م‪ d45 ،‬ا‪"4‬م ‪"-O <? H5‬ء‪ ،‬و‪ s_5‬آ"ن ‪ MALAT e,Y‬ا‪#‬ء‪ K8 ،ً",(Y ،‬ا‪ K8 d‬دون‬
‫&‪#‬ة ‪ .45"A ,(Y‬آ(" ‪ "R< KH< 3‬ا‪ "d k]0‬ه‪0E‬م ‪ 3d& ;Y": 9F‬آب ا‪.‬‬
‫إ‪ U‬أن أ‪"#A‬ب ا; ا‪AD‬ا‪ enS1N 9,I‬أ< ‪8 Y0(E8‬دة ‪ K8‬ا("آ; ا{<‪ KY #‬ا"ق ا‪AD‬ا‪9,I‬‬
‫– ا‪ 4 .9F"#,‬آ"ن ا; ‪"50>d E1F‬ت أآ‪ ،0(- v‬و‪"50>d‬ت ‪"8‬ه( و‪ K8 ،<05‬ا‪0‬ع ا_ي‬

‫‪ U‬د<(‪4‬ا‪ T‬ذات ‪"A‬دة ‪ ,( "R- Y‬ب ‪ .F‬أو‪ ،ًU‬إن اول ا(‪"(1Yf ;(N SA1‬د‬ ‫<‪ [d‬دو ً‬
‫‪] e,Y‬را‪ "RN‬ا>‪ K8t1 <H‬إاز ا‪ 9: d‬ا(ان‪ .‬و‪0HN "8 "ً #" ،s_ E1F‬ن اب ا ‪9:‬‬
‫‪18 c]08‬ن ?ًا ‪ (I"] 9:‬أو‪"<0‬ت ا‪ .lE‬ه_ا ا‪ x 1‬أ<‪ 9: "ً u‬إ‪A‬ا‪ ،;I‬ا‪ k"8 91‬ا‪l(RN e‬‬
‫وة اب ا <‪ "R ddS8 ،"R‬ا ا‪a‬د‪ K8 eF‬ا‪%R1‬ت‪ .‬آ(" أن ذ‪%& }Ft5 eY s‬ل اب‬
‫و?ت ‪ ، MALAT‬ا(>"د ‪t5 ،ً"v< "RI"5‬ن ‪ K8‬ا‪ ;dN "R,Y [>d‬و ‪ /‬أو ‪ wN‬أ‪ "8 c8 "R1nF‬آ"ن‬
‫<‪ 9: ;d‬ا(ان‪ ،ً"F"m .‬آ"‪? "R1d5 ، MALAT kF‬ء ‪ K8‬ا‪",(Y [#5 n#8 ،lE‬ت إدار<‬
‫&]"ء‪ ،‬وآ"‪"A 9: "R,(>5 ، kF‬ق ا<(‪4‬ا‪?"Y ،T‬ة ‪ KY‬اد ‪ Y5‬و‪5r5‬اع ‪ e,Y‬ا‪a‬اث ‪c(? :‬‬
‫ا‪08a‬ر ا‪ Y0‬ا‪ 91‬ه‪ 9‬أ‪ A"A‬و‪ ,( K <0‬ب ‪.?"F F‬‬
‫أ‪ "8‬ا‪ 8a‬ا_ي ‪ ;4< U‬أه( ‪"H:‬ن ‪ ;:‬إ‪A‬ا‪x (15 ;I‬اع ‪ 9: 2006‬ا"ل‪ d": .‬ه‪ 0‬أن‬
‫إ‪A‬ا‪ #1>N 3 ;I‬أاث ‪0(N‬ز – =ب ‪ ،ً"5 2006‬وإ‪ "(F‬إ‪1(8 <HY ,( 5"v(5 "RN#1Y‬ة‪ 9: .‬آ;‬
‫ا‪0a‬ال‪ ،‬و‪t5 w,>1< "(5‬هاف اب ا ‪x ;H‬اع‪ "(R8 ،‬آ"ن ‪{x‬اً‪ ªdSN 9{#< }Fr: ،‬إ‪} 3A‬‬
‫‪ Y"5‬ا((‪ .H‬إن ‪"1S8 (N‬رة ‪SN <">5‬م ‪0? >#T <N t8‬ه ا‪d‬اع وأها‪ ،}:‬و‪ s_5‬و>}‬
‫‪"A 9:‬ق ‪8‬د و‪"1S8‬ر‪ .‬ه_ا ‪5‬ور^ <( ‪(,‬ء ‪ [H5‬ا‪d, 3Y‬اع ‪0A‬اء (‪0x K‬ف ا‪04‬ات ا(‪,N"4‬‬
‫أو ‪ K5‬ا"س ‪ ،ً"80(Y‬و‪ 9:‬اا&; وا‪"S‬رج‪ .‬إن ‪ (N‬ا‪d‬اع‪ ،‬أي ‪d, N 3<4N‬اع ‪(Z8 {d5‬‬
‫و‪ K(8 "u>5 ;>E< ] ،d8‬ه‪ H>8 9: 3‬ا>و <>ون ‪ 34N‬و?‪ZF R‬ه‪O 3‬اث‪ .‬و‪= 9:‬ذار‬
‫‪ k8"] ،2007‬ا‪ 80H‬ا‪AD‬ا‪ 9: ,I‬ا‪%Tr5 <"R‬ق ‪ e,Y "R1(N‬ا‪d‬اع‪ " ،‬ب ‪"#‬ن ا‪"،F"v‬‬
‫‪0Y‬ان ‪ ]":‬ا‪ <0‬وا_ي <(‪ KH‬إ‪"#1Y‬ر^ إ&"] ً" =& ‪,‬ب ا‪ K8 },(< "8 c8 ،‬ذآ<"ت ‪>A‬ة‬
‫‪"]"&D‬ت ب ‪"#‬ن ا‪a‬و‪ .e‬أ‪ "8‬ب ا ‪ 4: ،}1R? K8‬آ"ن ‪ Tt15 "ً ><A‬اب آـ " ‪ dF‬إ‪"9R‬‬
‫و‪"5‬ء ‪"1f B18‬ل ‪ ^d5‬ا(>‪ K,‬ذا‪."ً N‬‬
‫‪"(?D"5‬ل‪ ،‬و‪ [#5‬ا‪04‬د ا‪ ,I"R‬ا‪ 91‬آ"‪#E8 kF‬ة ‪ e,Y‬ا>(; ‪t5 MALAT k8"] ،"R,Z5‬داء ‪94n8‬‬
‫?ًا‪ً? }H .‬ا آ"<‪ ،‬وإذا ‪ "8‬ر‪ k#‬إ‪A‬ا‪ K- 9: ;I‬ب ‪ F‬أ‪ ;u:‬وأآ‪r: ،,Y": v‬ن ‪ "R,Y‬أن‬
‫‪ ª,S1N‬ا>‪ #‬و‪ K8 3,>1N‬أ&‪"n‬ء ‪ 9: "R5‬ا>"م ‪.2006‬‬
‫أو‪ ،ًU‬وإذا ‪ "8‬آ"‪ kF‬أاث ‪0(N‬ز – =ب ‪5‬ه"ن ‪ "RFr: ،- e,Y‬أ‪8 ،ً%>: ،k1#m‬ى ‪ <0‬ا‪ w1‬ا>(;‬
‫ا>‪H‬ي ‪ A"A c8‬اب ا‪ .‬إذ ‪"H8r5‬ن اب ا‪u15 ،‬ه" ا‪a‬رض ‪d,‬اع ]‪5 ;#‬ء‬
‫ا(>آ‪ ،‬ا‪"4‬م ‪ K8 BS1, vH"5‬ة ا‪ <Y e,Y y{u‬ا‪04‬ات ا‪ <#‬ا(‪,N"4‬؛ ‪ "RF"H8r5‬د‪",(Y 3Y‬ت‬
‫‪8 <HY‬دة أ<‪ F 9: ."ً u‬ا‪ "RH(5‬ن أ]; ‪ ،e1‬إذا ‪ُN "8‬آ‪"& k‬رج ا‪) 4,‬‬
‫‪ 4,‬ا(>‪"80,‬ت( و‪0HN‬ن ‪?"Y s_5‬ة ‪ KY‬إ‪"Y‬دة ا‪1Ar5 H1‬ا‪ "R1EN‬و‪."RN"H1HN‬‬
‫‪#N U ،ً"F"m‬أ (‪ ,‬ب ‪ c8 ?"F F‬إ‪UF‬ع أ‪"(Y‬ل ‪Y‬ا‪ I‬آ(" أ‪R5 9R1N U "RF‬و‪ "RI‬وإ‪ ."R1F"H1A‬إن‬
‫?(‪ c‬ا(>‪"80,‬ت ‪ KY‬ا>و ‪ ،‬ا{‪0‬ص ‪ ،}1:"4m 9:‬ا‪ c8 ynS1‬ا‪ K>5 _&a‬ا‪"#1YD‬ر ‪"4F‬ط ]‪ }N0‬و>}‬
‫ا‪ ،‬آ‪ "R,‬أ‪08‬ر "‪ K (A‬ب ‪(v8 F‬ة‪ ،‬و<‪ [E‬ا‪YD‬اد ‪ً? "R‬ا ]‪5 ;#‬ء ا‪d‬اع‪ .‬آ(" ‪9{#< U‬‬
‫(‪ ,‬اب ا أن ‪E(5 9R1N‬د إ‪%T‬ق =& ر‪"": .x"x‬ظ ‪0x e,Y‬رة إ<‪9: ,I"18 5"E‬‬
‫ا‪"S‬رج ‪ 9:‬ا‪ k]0‬ا_ي ‪ s,N ©<04N }: k(N‬ا‪>, 91‬و أ‪ 3YN e,Y Y"< 8‬و‪ k#vN‬أهاف ا(ء‬
‫ا>‪ <H‬وا"‪ K 9: ،A‬أن ‪Y‬ض ‪0x‬رة ذا‪ KH(< #,A N‬أن <‪i‬دي‪ ،‬و‪ ،H>"5‬ا‪ ; e‬و‪ sHN‬آ;‬

"RE8< ، F ‫ ب‬,(1(‫[ ا‬A"H(‫ ا‬3,>1< ‫ي أن‬,4N lE 9{#< : ‫"ر‬d1&r5 .E(‫ ا‬E‫ا>(; ا‬
.^ ‫و^ ا(ن‬Y "R8S1< 91‫ق ا‬n‫ ا‬p1<‫ و‬،ً‫ا‬H#8 "‫ه‬5 ‫م‬04< ،}N‫دا&; وا‬
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‫اب ا  ب ا‪%( :‬ت اب ا &‪%‬ل ب ‪"#‬ن ‪2006‬‬

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Research Services Group 18

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