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Concrete 16
Concrete 16
b 12 in
d 17 in
h 20 in
As 6.0 in2
fc 4 ksi
fy 60 ksi
2
( 1 ft.)
= Aγ = ( 12 in.) ( 20 in.) ( 0.15 k/ft )
3
wBEAM
( 12 in. )
= 0.25 k/ft
Compute the loads of the beam
Shear
40
30
20
10
Shear (kips)
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22
-10
-20
-30
-40
location (ft)
Moment
250
200
Moment (k-ft)
150
100
50
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22
location (ft)
3.3 k/ft ( 22 ft )
Vu = = 36.3 k
2
Vu ( 1.417 ft ) = 36.3 k − 3.3 k/ft ( 1.417 ft )
= 31.625 k
The moment is
( 1.417 ft )
2
1k
Vc = 2 fc bd = 2 4000 ( 12 in.) ( 17 in.)
1000 lb
= 25.8 k
The nominal shear is
Vu 31.625 k
Vn = =
φ 0.75
= 42.167 k
The nominal shear required is greater than the maximum allowed by the concrete, so steel reinforcement is needed Vs = Vn – Vc =
42.17 k – 25.8 k = 16.37 k.
d 17 in.
= = 8.5 in.
smax ≤ 2 2 ⇒ smax ≤ 8.5 in.
24 in.
Try #3 bar (0.11 in2) and Av = 2(0.11 in2) = 0.22 in2, the actual required spacing is
Av f y d Av f y d
Vs = ⇒s≤
s Vs
s≤
( 0.22 in ) ( 60 ksi ) ( 17 in ) \
2
16.37 k
s ≤ 13.71 in. ∴ Use s = 8.5 in.
Use the refined method
Vu d
Vc = 1.9 fc bd + 2500 ρw bd ≤ 3.5 fc bd
Mu
As 6.0 in 2
ρw = = = 0.0294
bd ( 12 in.) ( 17 in.)
Vu d ( 31.625 k ) ( 17 in.)
= = 0.93 ≤ 1.0
Mu ( 577.36 k-in )
1.9 4000 ( 12 in.) ( 17 in.) 1k 1k
Vc = ≤ 3.5 4000 ( 12 in.) ( 17 in.)
+2500 ( 0.0294 ) ( 0.93) ( 12 in.) ( 17 in.) 1000 lb 1000 lb
= 38.46 k ≤ 45.16 k
The nominal shear required is greater than the maximum allowed by the concrete, so steel reinforcement is needed Vs = Vn – Vc =
42.17 k – 38.46 k = 3.71 k.
d 17 in.
= = 8.5 in.
smax ≤ 2 2 ⇒ smax ≤ 8.5 in.
24 in.
Try #3 bar (0.11 in2) and Av = 2(0.11 in2) = 0.22 in2, the actual required spacing is
Av f y d Av f y d
Vs = ⇒s≤
s Vs
s≤
( 0.22 in ) ( 60 ksi ) ( 17 in )
2
16.37 k
s ≤ 13.71 in. ∴ Use s = 8.5 in.
6.6 Design the vertical stirrups for a beam having the shear diagram in the figure assume that Vc = 2 fc bd Given
b 14 in
d 20 in
Vn1 75 kips
Vn2 60 kips
Vn3 45 kips
fc 4 ksi
fy 60 ksi
1k
Vc = 2 fc bd = 2 4000 ( 14 in.) ( 20 in.)
1000 lb
= 35.42 k
The nominal shear is
Vu 75.0 k
Vn = =
φ 0.75
= 100 k
The new shear diagram
The nominal shear required is greater than the maximum allowed by the concrete, so steel reinforcement is needed Vs = Vn – Vc = 100
k – 35.42 k = 64.58 k.
d 20 in.
= = 10 in.
smax ≤ 2 2 ⇒ smax ≤ 10 in.
24 in.
Try #4 bar (0.2 in2) and Av = 2(0.2 in2) = 0.4 in2, the actual required spacing is
Av f y d Av f y d
Vs = ⇒s≤
s Vs
s≤
( 0.4 in ) ( 60 ksi ) ( 20 in )
2
64.58 k
s ≤ 7.43 in. ∴ Use s = 6 in.
You could have used 7 in, by using 6 in the spacing can
Vu 60.0 k
Vn = =
φ 0.75
= 80 k
The nominal shear required is greater than the maximum allowed by the concrete, so steel reinforcement is needed Vs = Vn – Vc = 80 k
– 35.42 k = 44.58 k.
Try #4 bar (0.2 in2) and Av = 2(0.2 in2) = 0.4 in2, the actual required spacing is
Av f y d Av f y d
Vs = ⇒s≤
s Vs
s≤
( 0.4 in ) ( 60 ksi ) ( 20 in )
2
44.58 k
s ≤ 10.77 in. ∴ Use s = 10 in.
The nominal shear is
Vu 45.0 k
Vn = =
φ 0.75
= 60 k
The nominal shear required is greater than the maximum allowed by the concrete, so steel reinforcement is needed Vs = Vn – Vc = 60 k
– 35.42 k = 24.58 k.
Try #3 bar (0.11 in2) and Av = 2(0.11 in2) = 0.22 in2, the actual required spacing is
Av f y d Av f y d
Vs = ⇒s≤
s Vs
s≤
( 0.22 in ) ( 60 ksi ) ( 20 in )
2
24.58 k
s ≤ 10.74 in. ∴ Use s = 10 in.
These results are for the points of interest but if you are going to do a design of shear system. You would need to design a stirrup
system. You would need to create a equation of a line for each location from the 100 k design using a # 4 stirrup.
From 20 in to 57 in., the equation of the shear component is
Vn ( x ) = m ( x − 20 in.) + b
80 k − 100 k
m= = −0.541 k/in
57 in. − 20 in.
b = 100 k
The second equation is from 57 in to 120 in. of the shear
Vn ( x ) = m ( x − 57 in.) + b
0 k − 60 k
m= = −0.9524 k/in
120 in. − 57 in.
b = 60 k
Use two stirrups at 4 in. initial stirrup and 6 #4 at 6in spacing. The shear strength provided by 6 in spacing is
Vs =
Av f y d
=
( 0.4 in ) ( 60 ksi ) ( 20 in )
2
s 6 in.
= 80.0 k
The nominal shear provided is Vn = 80.0 k + 35.42 k = 115.42 k.
From the location, 4 in+36 in = 40 in. Plug in to the equation to find the nominal shear.
Try #4 bar (0.2 in2) and Av = 2(0.2 in2) = 0.4 in2, the actual required spacing is
Av f y d Av f y d
Vs = ⇒s≤
s Vs
s≤
( 0.4 in ) ( 60 ksi ) ( 20 in )
2
53.77 k
s ≤ 8.92 in. ∴ Use s = 8 in.
The shear strength provided by 8 in spacing is
Vs =
Av f y d
=
( 0.4 in ) ( 60 ksi ) ( 20 in )
2
s 8 in.
= 60.0 k
The nominal shear provided is Vn = 60.0 k + 35.42 k = 95.42 k.
Use 5 #4 at 8in spacing and the location will be 40 in+40 in = 80 in. Plug in to the equation to find the nominal shear.
Vn ( x ) = −0.9524 k/in ( x − 57 in.) + 60 k
= −0.9524 k/in ( 80 in. − 57 in.) + 60 k
= 38.1 k
Compute the spacing. The nominal shear required is greater than the maximum allowed by the concrete, so steel reinforcement is
needed Vs = Vn – Vc = 38.1 k – 35.42 k = 2.7 k.
Try #4 bar (0.2 in2) and Av = 2(0.2 in2) = 0.4 in2, the actual required spacing is
Av f y d Av f y d
Vs = ⇒s≤
s Vs
s≤
( 0.4 in ) ( 60 ksi ) ( 20 in )
2
2.7 k
s ≤ 177.78 in. ∴ Use s = 10 in.
The shear strength provided by 10 in spacing is
Vs =
Av f y d
=
( 0.4 in ) ( 60 ksi ) ( 20 in )
2
s 10 in.
= 48.0 k
The nominal shear provided is Vn = 48.0 k + 35.42 k = 83.42 k.
The largest spacing is 10 in so use 4 #4 bars at 10 in. The summary of the stirrup design is