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Chromatography - To separate different coloured dyes. The dyes travel up the

chromatography paper at different distances before they cannot remain in solution. The more soluble dyes
move further up than the less soluble ones, hence separating from each other.

Distillation - to separate and collect a liquid from a solution of a soluble solid. The

solution is heated in a flask until the liquid boils. The vapor produced passes into the condenser where it is
cooled and condenses to a liquid. The pure liquid (distillate) is collected in a beaker.

Evaporation -T his method is suitable to separate a soluble solid from a liquid. If the
solution is heated, the liquid evaporates leaving the solid behind.

Fractional Distillation - This is a special type of distillation used to separate a

mixture of liquids. Different liquids boil at different temperatures. When heated,
they boil off and condense at different times. The apparatus features a
fractionating column, which ensures that only the liquid boils at its boiling point will
pass into the condenser.
Filtration - To separate an insoluble solid from a liquid. The solid remains in the
filter paper and the liquid goes through the paper into the beaker.