Héctor Alejandro Ramírez Villalpando

Elvira Graciela Córdova Núñez

NON PERMANENT
JOINTS
Nonpermanent Joints
 The most common method of mechanical
fastening is by using bolts, nuts, screws,
rivets, pins, and a wide variety of other
fasteners, these techniques are also known as
mechanical assembly.
 These assemblies may be structural (load-
bearing) components and thus may be
subjected to both shear and tensile stresses.
Nonpermanent

 Screw

 Snap

 Shrink
Hole Preparation
 A hole in a solid body can be
produced by punching,
drilling, chemical and
electrical means, and high-
energy beams, depending on
the type of material, its
properties, and its thickness.
 Can be produced also during
casting, forging, extrusion
and powder metallurgy.
 Hole has a tendency to reduce
the component’s fatigue life.
Threaded Fasteners

 Bolts

 Screws

 Nuts
Threaded Fasteners
 If the joint is to be subjected to vibration,
such as in aircraft and various types of
engines and high-speed machinery, several
specially designed nuts and lock washers are
available. They increase the frictional
resistance in the torsional direction, thus
preventing vibrational loosening of the
fasteners.
Types of Screws
Construction
Nuts
Washers
 Rivets
 Most common
method: Riveting
 Used in the
construction and
assembly of large
commercials aircraft.

 There are several

types of rivets, and
some may be solid or
hollow.
 Other Methods Of Fastening
Metal Stitching or stapling
 Is much like that of
ordinary stapling of
papers.
 This operation is fast and
particularly suitable for
joining thin metallic and
nonmetallic materials, and
it does not require holes to
be made in the
components.
 Seaming
 Seaming is based on
the simple principle of
folding two thin
pieces of material
together.

 For example:
 The lids of beverage
cans
 Containers for food
 Household products
 Crimping
 Is a method of joining
without using
fasteners.
 Can be used on both
tubular and flat parts.
 Caps on glass bottles
are attached by
crimping.
Snap-In Fasteners
 Widely used in automotive bodies and
household appliances.
 They are economical and permit easy and
rapid component assembly.
 Particularly for plastic products.
 Shrink and press fit
 Is based on the principle of the
differential thermal expansion
and contraction of two
components.
 Typical applications include the
assembly of die components
and mounting gears and cam
on shafts.
 In press fitting, one component
is forced over another, resulting
in high joint strength.
Advantages

 Ease of manufacturing
 Ease of assembly and transportation
 Ease of parts replacement, maintenance, and
repair
 Ease in creating designs that require movable
joints, such as hinges, sliding mechanisms for
drawers and doors, and adjustable components
and fixtures.
 Lower overall cost of manufacturing the product.
Overview

Non-permanent joints: fasteners, screws, nuts

 Practical, quick, lots of options
 Disassemble-ability is important for
prototyping and learning
Permanent joints: welding, rivets
 Hard to teach welding w/o equipment
 You can’t really take apart these things
without a lot of effort