Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Rais11 ch20
Rais11 ch20
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In the
phase, a general framework is created for
implementing user requirements and
solving the problems identified in the
analysis phase.
The three main steps are:
± Evaluate design alternatives.
± Prepare design specifications.
± Prepare the conceptual systems design
report.
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± A
is
prepared at the end of the conceptual design
phase to:
Guide physical system design activities.
Communicate how management and user
information needs will be met.
Help the steering committee assess system
feasibility.
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± The objective of output design is to
determine the nature, format, content,
and timing of printed reports,
documents, and screen displays.
Requires cooperation between users and
designers.
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± Various company segments need to store data in
compatible formats so that data can be shared across
units.
± Important file and database design considerations
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± Various company segments need to store data in
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± Important file and database design considerations
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± Systems designers must identify the
different types of data input and optimal
input methods.
± There are two principal types of data
input:
Forms
Computer screens
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± Although input is evolving toward source data
automation, forms design is still important.
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± It is more efficient to enter data directly into
the computer than to record it on paper for
subsequent entry.
± Therefore, it¶s important to design computer
screens for input as well as output.
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± Program development is one of the most time-
consuming activities in the SDLC.
± A
process should be
followed:
With structured programming, programs should be
subdivided into small, well-defined modules to reduce
complexity and enhance reliability and modifiability.
Modules should interact with a control module rather than
with each other.
To facilitate testing and modification, each module should
have only one entry and exit point.
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± Individuals who interact with a newly-
designed AIS need procedures to cover:
Input preparation
Transaction processing
Error detection and correction
Controls
Reconciliation of balances
Database access
Output preparation and distribution
Computer operator instructions
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± Improperly controlled input, processing, and
database functions produce information of
questionable value.
± Controls must be built into an AIS to ensure
its effectiveness, efficiency, and accuracy.
These controls should:
Minimize errors.
Detect and correct errors when they do occur.
± Accountants play a vital role in this area.
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± At the end of the physical design phase, a
á
is
prepared, summarizing what was
accomplished.
± This report serves as the basis for
management¶s decision whether to proceed to
implementation.
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