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    AgE Patho PT Centered

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    This document summarizes the pathophysiology of acute gastroenteritis. It begins with a definition of acute gastroenteritis as inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract involving the stomach and small intestine, resulting in acute diarrhea. It then provides a schematic diagram outlining the predisposing factors, precipitating events, and progression of Salmonella typhi bacteria infection in the gastrointestinal tract. Specifically, it describes how the bacteria invade the intestinal wall, inject toxins into intestinal cells, and lead to destruction of the mucosal lining through macrophage apoptosis and systemic infection. This results in signs and symptoms like vomiting, fever, and increased loss of fluids and electrolytes from the damaged intestines.

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    AgE Patho PT Centered

    Uploaded by

    athenayalung
    26 views3 pages
    This document summarizes the pathophysiology of acute gastroenteritis. It begins with a definition of acute gastroenteritis as inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract involving the stomach and small intestine, resulting in acute diarrhea. It then provides a schematic diagram outlining the predisposing factors, precipitating events, and progression of Salmonella typhi bacteria infection in the gastrointestinal tract. Specifically, it describes how the bacteria invade the intestinal wall, inject toxins into intestinal cells, and lead to destruction of the mucosal lining through macrophage apoptosis and systemic infection. This results in signs and symptoms like vomiting, fever, and increased loss of fluids and electrolytes from the damaged intestines.

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    AgE Patho Pt Centered

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    This document summarizes the pathophysiology of acute gastroenteritis. It begins with a definition of acute gastroenteritis as inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract involving the stomach and small intestine, resulting in acute diarrhea. It then provides a schematic diagram outlining the predisposing factors, precipitating events, and progression of Salmonella typhi bacteria infection in the gastrointestinal tract. Specifically, it describes how the bacteria invade the intestinal wall, inject toxins into intestinal cells, and lead to destruction of the mucosal lining through macrophage apoptosis and systemic infection. This results in signs and symptoms like vomiting, fever, and increased loss of fluids and electrolytes from the damaged intestines.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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    26 views3 pages

    AgE Patho PT Centered

    Uploaded by

    athenayalung
    This document summarizes the pathophysiology of acute gastroenteritis. It begins with a definition of acute gastroenteritis as inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract involving the stomach and small intestine, resulting in acute diarrhea. It then provides a schematic diagram outlining the predisposing factors, precipitating events, and progression of Salmonella typhi bacteria infection in the gastrointestinal tract. Specifically, it describes how the bacteria invade the intestinal wall, inject toxins into intestinal cells, and lead to destruction of the mucosal lining through macrophage apoptosis and systemic infection. This results in signs and symptoms like vomiting, fever, and increased loss of fluids and electrolytes from the damaged intestines.

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    of 3

    XI.

    PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

    Medical Diagnosis

    Acute Gastroenteritis (AGE)

    Definition

    Acute Gastroenteritis (AGE)- Gastroenteritis (also known as gastro, gastric flu, tummy bug in some countries, and stomach
    flu, although unrelated to influenza) is inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, involving both the stomach and the small
    intestine (see also gastritis and enteritis) and resulting in acute diarrhea.

    Schematic Diagram (Book based)


    Precipitating
    Predisposing Washing of hands inadequately
    Geographical area – tropical islands in the Sharing of food from the same plate
    Pacific (Philippines) and Asia Drinking unpurified water
    Age ($ yrs. old)

    Ingestion of foods or fluids contaminated


    with Salmonella typhi bacteria

    Bacteria enter the stomach and survive a pH


    as low as 1.5

    Bacteria invades the Payer’s patches of the


    intestinal wall in the small intestines where it
    attach (incubation period is first 7-14 days
    after ingestion)
    Bacteria will then injects toxins known as
    the effector proteins into the intestinal
    cells and interrupts with the cellular
    proteins & lipids & manipulate their
    function resulting in phagocytization of the
    epithelial cell membrane until it is engulf
    down into the inferior part of the host cells
    Perforation and
    destruction of Signs/
    Diagnostic: (05- mucosal lining of the symptoms:
    15-10) intestinal wall can (05-15-10) and
    Macrophages & intestinal epithelial
    Hematology: lead to persistent (05/18/10)
    cells then attract T cells &
    HgB – 132g/L inflammation Vomiting, drying
    neutrophils with interleukin 8 (IL-8
    Hct - .41 of mucosal
    causing inflammation of the
    WBC – 6.8 membranes,
    Lymphocytes - .07 intestinal wall) Ulceration and fever
    bleeding in the
    The bacteria is within the mucosal lining and
    macrophages and survives leads to necrosis

    Tissue damage and


    Bacteria spread via the lymphatics
    while inside the macrophages inflammation causes
    loss of absorption
    due to damaged villi
    causing an increase Diagnostics: (05-16-
    Diagnostic: The bacteria induced macrophage in water, 10) specific gravity:
    (05-16-10) apoptosis, breaking out into the
    electrolytes, mucus, 1.025
    Urinalysis: bloodstream and cause systemic
    infection blood, and serum to
    Pus cells: 15- be pulled into the
    19/hpf intestine from
    RBC: 0-2/hpf immature crypt cells

    Abdominal spasm is
    induced to limit
    mucosal injury adding
    in stimulation of
    increased peristalsis
    Acute
    Gastroenteritis

    Legend:

    - Pathophsiology

    - Signs and symptoms

    - Diagnostic exams

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