kzh¿Km-\p-cmKw
P\n-X-Itam sshIr-Xtam?
Fw Fw AIv_¿ ■-
kzh¿K-cXn \nbahnt[-b-am-°-W-sa∂v {]kvXm-hn-®p-
sIm-≠p≈, 2009 Pqsse 2s‚ U¬ln sslt°mSXn hn[n-
bn¬ C¥y≥ in£m-\n-b-a-Øns-e 377mw `mK-Øp≈ kzh-
¿K-c-Xnbpw arK-ssa-Yp-\-hp-sa√mw {]Ir-Xn-hn-cp-≤-am-sW∂
ImgvN∏ - mSv PqtZm-˛{- In-kvXy≥ [m¿an-I˛- s
- s\-Xn-Ia
- q-ey-ßf
- n¬
\n∂v Dbn¿s°m-≠-Xm-sW-∂pw B[p-\n-I-]-T-\-߃ Cu
ho£-WsØ km[q-I-cn-°p-∂n-s√-∂p-ap≈ \mkv ^ut≠-
js‚ hmZw FSp-Øp-≤-cn-°p-∂p-≠v. D`-b-I£n kΩ-X-{]-
Im-c-ap≈ KpZ-ssa-Yp-\-tØbpw hZ-\-kp-c-X-sØ-bpw {]Ir-
Xn-hn-cp-≤hpw Ip‰-Ir-Xy-hp-am-bn-°m-Wp∂ \nb-a-߃°v
B[p-\nIkaq-l-Øn¬ bmsXmcp ÿm\-hp-an-s√∂ ^u-
2009 sk-]v-Xw-_¿-
t≠-j≥ hmZ-Øn\v Dt]m¬_e-Ia - mb Imcy-ßf
- mWv hn[n-
\ym-b-Øns‚ Ggp-ap-X¬ H≥]-Xp-h-sc-bp≈ JWvUn-I-bp-
sS D≈-S°w. kzh¿Km-\p-cmKw {]Ir-Xn-hn-cp-≤hpw A\\p-
h-Z-\o-b-hp-am-sW∂ km{ºZm-bnIho£-W-a√ B[p\n-
Ikaql-Øn-\p-≈-sX∂pw AXv {]Ir-Xn-]-chpw AXp-sIm-
≠p-Xs∂ A\p-hZ- n-°s- ∏-tS-≠X - p-am-sW∂ ka-Im-eo\kaq-
l-Øns‚ ImgvN-∏mSv AwKo-I-cn-°p-I-bmWv `mc-Xhpw
th≠-sX-∂p-ap≈ \mkv ^ut≠-js‚ hmZ-ßsf AwKo-
I-cn-®p-sIm-≠mWv kzh¿K-cX - nsb Ip‰-Ir-Xy-ambn ImWp∂
sF.-]n.kn 377mw hIp∏v C¥y≥ `c-W-L-S-\-bpsS 21, 14, 15
hIp-∏p-Iƒ {]Im-c-ap≈ kzm-X-{¥-yØn-t‚bpw Ah-Im-i-
ß-fp-tSbpw \ntj-[-am-sW∂v U¬ln sslt°m-SXn hn[n-
®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.(1)
9
 FXn¿enw-K-Øn-ep-≈-h-cpsS hkv{Xw [cn-°p-tºmƒ e`n- °p-hm≥ U¬ln sslt°m-SXn k∂-
≤-am-bn-´n-√. kzh¿Km-\p-cm-Ko-kw-L-ß-
°p∂ tIh-e-amb kwXr-]vXn-bn¬ \n∂pw XpSßn fpsS imkv{Xw am{Xta tImS-Xn-bpsS
Xm≥ FXn¿enw-K-Øn-ep-≈-bm-fm-sW∂ i‡- ]cn-K-W-\°v h∂n-´p-≈q-sh-∂-XmWv
amb t_m[w -hgn ikv{X-{In-b°v \n¿_-‘n- hmkvX-hw.
Ah- I m- i - ß fpw \nb- a - b p- ≤ - ß - f p-
°p∂ Ahÿ hscbp-≈- Ggp Xcw A]-
ambn _‘-s∏´v ]cm-a¿in-°ptºmƒ
c-ssew-KnI-X-I-sf-¶n-ep-ap-≠v. F∂-m¬ F¬.-Pn.-_n.Snsb∂v kzh¿Km-\p-cm-KnI-
Ch-sbm-∂pw- Xs∂ kzh¿-Ks - sew- sf-°pdn®v s]mXp-hmbn hnfn-°p∂ coXn
hnImkw {]m]n-®Xv 1990-I-fn-em-Wv.(2)
Kn-I-X-bp-ambn t\¿°p-t\sc
sekv _ n- b ≥, tK, ss_sk- I v j z¬,
_‘-s∏-´-h-b-√ F∂-Xm- {Sm≥kvsP≥U¿ F∂n-h-bpsS Npcp-°-
Wv hmkvX-hw. t∏-cmWv F¬.-Pn.-_n.-Sn. kzh¿K-{]-Wbn
(gay) kzh¿-{]-W-bn\n (lesbian), D`-b-
h¿K-{]-Wbn (bisexual), A]-c-enw-K¿
(transgender) F∂n-ßs\ Chsb ae-
bm-fo-I-cn-°mw. ]pcp-js\ {]W-bn-°p-
Ibpw Ah-\p-ambn ssewKn-I-_-‘-Øn-
te¿s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp∂ ]pcp-j-\mWv
kzh¿K-{]-Wbn (gay). kv{Xosb {]W-
bn-°p-Ibpw Ah-fp-ambn icocw ]¶p-tN-
cp-Ibpw sNøp∂ kv{XobmWv kzh¿K-
{]-W-bn\n (lesbian). kv{Xotbbpw ]pcp-
j-t\bpw {]W-bn-°p-Ibpw c≠p- Iq-´-
cp-ambn ssewKn-I-_-‘-Øn-te¿s∏-Sp-I-
bpw sNøp∂ ]pcp-j-t\bpw kv{Xotb-
bpw hnfn-°p∂ t]cmWv D`-b-h¿K-{]W-
bn (bisexual). imco-cn-I-ambn GsX¶n-
epw enwK-Øn-ep-≈-h-cm-sW-¶nepw FXn-
¿enw-KØ- ns‚ am\-kn-Ii - m-co-cn-Im-hÿ - -
bp-≈-bm-fm-Wv A]-cenw-Kcmbn-(tran-
sgender) Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. Ch-sc√mw
ssewKnI\yq\-]-£-ßfpw AXp-sIm-
"Ata- c n- ° ≥ sskIym- { SnÃv k v Iq-ea- mb ^e-ßf - p-≠m-°p-hm≥ H‰-s°- ≠p-Xs∂ Htc-Xcw {]iv\-ßsf A`n-ap-
Atkm-kn-tb-js‚' "Ub-K-t\m-ÃnIv ´mbn apt∂-dn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp- Jo-I-cn-°p-∂hcpw Htc-Xcw Ah-K-W-\-
B‚ v ÃmÃn°¬ am\z¬ Hm^v sa‚¬ ∂p. imkv{X-⁄-tcbpw imkv{X-{]-kn- Iƒ t\cn-Sp-∂-h-cp-am-b-Xn-\m¬ H∂n®p
Untkm¿tUgvkn' se kzh¿Km-\p-cmKw ≤o-I-c-W-ß-tfbpw kzm[o-\n-°p-Ibpw \oßp-Ibpw Htc t]cn¬ Adn-b-s∏-Sp-
at\m-hy-Xn-bm-\-am-sW∂ ]cm-a¿iw X߃ \¬Ip∂ ]T-\-߃ B[n-Im- Ibpw sNøp-∂p-sh-∂-XmWv LGBT F∂
\o°w sNøp-∂-Xn¬ hnP-bn-®-tijw cn-Ia
- m-sW∂v hcp-Øp-∂X - n\p th≠nbp- s]mXp\ma-Øn-\p≈ hni-Zo-I-c-Ww.(3)
Ata-cn-°≥ kzh¿Km-\p-cm-Kn-I-fpsS ≈ Icp-\o-°-߃ \S-Øp-Ibpw sNøp- Cu s]mXp-\m-a-I-cWw apX¬ XpSßp-
Iq´mbva {][m-\-ambpw ]cn-{i-an-®p-sIm- ∂p. kzh¿Km-\p-cmKw {]Ir-Xn-Z-Ø-am- ∂p kzh¿Km-\p-cm-KØ - n-t‚bpw B t]cn-
≠n-cn-°p-∂Xv kzh¿K-cXn {]Ir-Xn-hn-cp- sW∂p hcp-Øp-∂-Xn-\p-th-≠n-bp≈ ep≈ ssewKn- I - c m- P - I - X z- Ø n- t ‚bpw
≤-a-s√∂v ÿm]n-°p-∂-Xn\p th≠n-bm- \mep ]Xn-‰m≠p \o≠p-\n∂ `KocY- cmjv{So-bw.
Wv. AXn-\p-th-≠n-bp≈ Poh-imkv{X- ]cn-{i-aß- f- psS ^e-ambn tK en_-tdj- kzh¿Km-\p-cm-Kn-bmb ]pcp-j\pw
]T- \ - ß fpw P\n- X - I m- ] - { K- Y - \ - ß fpw ≥ aqhvsa‚ v t\Sn-sb-SpØ Ata-cn-°≥ kv{Xobp-ap-≠m-Ip-∂Xv kzm`m-hn-I-am-bn-
k¿t∆-Ifpw hym]-I-ambn \S-∂p-sIm- imkv { Xmw- K o- I m- c - Ø ns‚ ]n≥_- e - ´m-sW∂v hcp-Øn-Øo¿°p-∂-Xn\v P\n-
≠n-cn-°p-∂p. Ata-cn-°≥ ssewKn-Ih - nπ- ØnemWv C¥y-bn¬ t]mepw \nb-a- XI]T-\ß - s - fbpw A¥x-{km-hhy-hÿ - -
h-Øn\v ]n∂n¬ \S-°p∂ bqtdm-∏nepw bp≤w \S-Øm≥ kzh¿Km-\p-cm-KnIƒ- bnse tlm¿tam¨ k¥p-e-\sØ Ipdn-
a‰p ]m›m-Xy≥ \mSp-If - nepap≈ kzh¿- °v Ign-bp-∂-Xv. kzh¿Km-\p-cmKw {]Ir- ® ]pXnb \nco-£-W-ß-sfbpsa√mw
Km-\p-cmKokwL-ß-fpw Ah-tcm-sSm∏w Xn-hn-cp-≤-am-sW∂ km{º-Zm-bnIho£- A\p-Iq-e-ambn hymJym-\n-°p-I-bmWv
\n¬°p- ∂ - h - c pw Cu ]T- \ - ß - f nepw Ww imkv{Xo-ba - s
- √∂ ImgvN∏ - mSv F{X- kzh¿Km-\p-cmKokwL-ßf - p-ambn _‘-
k¿t∆-If - nepw ]¶p-sIm≈pIbpw A\p- am{Xw hkvXp-\n-jvTa - m-sW∂v At\z-jn- ap≈ Kth-j-I-∑m¿ sNøp-∂-Xv. Ah-
2009 sk-]v-Xw-_¿- 10
cpsS hmZ-߃ \qdp-i-X-am\w icn-bm-
sW∂p sh°p-I. Aß-s\-bmsW-¶n¬
Fßn-s\-bmWv B KW-Øn-te°v D`-
b-h¿K-{]-W-bnsb tN¿°m≥ Ign-bpI?
]pcp-j-t\bpw kv{Xotbbpw Hcp-t]mse
{]W-bn-°m\pw c≠p-t]-cpambpw ssew-
Kn-I_- ‘- Ø - n-te¿s∏-Sp-hm\pw Ign-bp-∂-
bm-fmWt√m D`-bh - ¿K-{]-Wb - n. kzh¿K-
{]-W-bn°v s]Æp-ambn kwXr-]vX-amb
_‘w km[y- a - √ m- Ø - X n- \ m¬ ]pcp-
js\ {]W- b n- ° m≥ A\p- h - Z n- ° - W -
sa∂pw kzh¿K-{]-Wb - n-\n°v ]pcp-js\
{]m]n-°m≥ Ign-bm-Ø-Xn-\m¬ s]Æn-
s\ t{]an-°m≥ A\p-h-Zn-°-W-sa-∂p-ap-
≈ hmZ-߃°v a\pjym-h-Im-i-Øns‚
ta¬aqSn-bn-´-bp-Ss\ ]ns∂ ]d-bp-hm-\p-
≈Xv c≠p- Iq-´-tcbpw t{]an-°p-hm\pw
_‘-s∏-Sp-hm\pw Ign-bp-∂h - ¿°v AXn-
\p-ap≈ Ah-Imiw A\p-h-Zn-®p-sIm-Sp-
°-W-sa-∂m-Wv. D`-b-h¿K-{]-W-bn°v
FXn¿enw-K-Øn-ep-≈-h-cp-ambn a\ pw
ico-chpw ]¶p-sh-°m-\m-Ip-sa∂v Ch-
cpsS Kth-j-W-߃ Xs∂ hy‡-am-
°p∂ ÿnXn°v kzh¿K-Øn-ep-≈-hsc
am{Xw thƒ°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂-Xn-\m¬
kaq-l-Øns‚ FXn¿∏p-sIm≠v {]bm-
k-ß-f-\p-`-hn®v IjvS-s∏-Sp∂ kzh¿K-
{]-Wb - n-If
- p-sSbpw {]W-bn-\n-If - psSbpw
KW-Øn¬ Ch-sc-°qSn s]SpØn Ch-
cpsS Ah-Im-i-߃ XΩn¬ Iq´n-°p-g- Hcmsf kzh¿Km-\p-cm-Kn-bm-°p-∂-Xn¬ Po\p-Iƒ°v ]¶p-
°p-∂X - ns‚ kmwK-Xy-sa-¥mWv? DØcw s≠∂p hmZ-Øn\p th≠n kΩ-Xn-®m¬ t]mepw AXn\v
hy‡w. kzh¿Km-\p-cm-Kn-I-fpsS sNe- kmaq-lnI AwKo-Imcw \¬Im≥ AXv \ymbo-I-c-W-am-hp-
hn¬ B¿°pw Bcp-ambpw ssewKn-I_ - -
‘-Øn-te¿s∏-Sp-hm≥ Ign-bp∂ Ah- ∂n√ F∂-XmWv bmYm¿Yyw
ÿ-bp-≠m-°p-I-bmWv Cu tImem-l-e-
ß-fp-sS-sb√mw e£yw. Ata-cn-°≥
P\-kw-Jy-bn¬ \mep iX-am-\-amWv
Øn-ep-≈-h-cm-bn-Øo-cp-∂-Xn-\mWv A]- I\pw A]-c-ssew-Kn-I-X-sb∂ hnj-b-
F¬.-Pn.-_n.Snsb∂m-Wv 2006se IW-
c-ssew-Kn-IX (transgenderism) F∂p Øn¬ A{K-K-Wy-\p-amb tUm: lmcn
°v.(4) CXn¬ _lp-`q-cn-]-£hpw D`-b-
]d-bp-∂-Xv. c≠p Xcw A]-c-ssew-Kn-I- s_≥P--an≥ ]d-bp-∂-Xv.(5) FXn¿enw-K-
h¿K-{]-W-bn-I-fmWv; a‰p-c-≠p-hn-`m-K-
X-I-fp-≠v. H∂v A]-c-enw-K-h-kv{X-[m-c- Øn-ep-≈-h-cpsS hkv{Xw [cn-°p-tºmƒ
tØbpw At]-£n®v hfsc IqSp-X¬!
tW-—b - mWv (transvestism). as‰m∂v A]- e`n-°p∂ tIh-e-amb Hcp kwXr-]vXn-
kz-h¿Km-\p-cmKw {]Ir-Xn-hn-cp-≤a - s
- öv
c-enw-K-hy-‡n-Xz-amWv (transsexualism). bn¬ \n∂pw XpSßn Xm≥ FXn¿enw-K-
hcp- Ø n- Ø o¿°pI hgn \yq\- ] £w
FXn¿enw-K-Øn-ep-≈-h-cpsS hkv{Xw Øn- e p- ≈ - b m- f m- s W∂ i‡- a mb
hcp∂ tK˛-se-kv_n-b≥ at\m-hy-Xn-bm-
[cn-°p-∂-Xp-aq-e-ap-≠m-Ip∂ Bfl-kw- t_m[w-hgn imkv{X-{In-b°v \n¿_-‘n-
\-°msc ap∂n¬ \n¿Øn BWp-ambpw
Xr-]vXn-bmWv H∂m-a-tØ-Xv. A]-c-enw- °p∂ Ahÿ hsc Ggp Xcw A]-c-
s]Æp-ambpw CjvSw-t]mse can-®p-\-S-
K-Øn¬ s]´-h-\mWv Xm≥ F∂ [mc- ssew-Kn-I-X-I-sf-¶n-ep-ap-≠v. Ch-sbm-
°m-\p≈ kml-Ncyw krjvSn-°p-I-bm-
Wbpw AXp- aq¿—n®v enwK-am‰imkv{X- ∂pw- Xs∂ kzh¿K-ssew-Kn-I-X-bp-ambn
Wv kzh¿Km-\p-cmK Kth-j-I-cn¬ ]e-
{In-bbv°p hsc t{]cn-∏n-°p∂ i‡- t\¿°p-t\sc _‘-∏-´-h-b-s√∂v tUm:
cpw sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂Xv F∂¿Yw.
amb hnIm-ch - p-amWv c≠m-at- Ø-X.v IrXy- lmcn s_≥P-an≥ hy‡-am-°p-∂p. A]-
imco- c n- I - a mbn GsX- ¶ n- e p- s amcp amb hc hc®v th¿Xn-cn-°m-hp∂ c≠v c-enwKhkv{Xm-[m-c-tW— Hcp kmaq-ly-
enwK-Øn¬ s]´-h-cm-sW-¶nepw am\-kn- {]iv\-ß-f√ Ch-sb-∂mWv {]K¬` {]-iv\hpw A]-c-enw-K-hy-‡nXzw Hcp
Ihpw sshIm-cn-I-hp-ambn FXn¿enw-K- P¿a≥ A¥x-{km-h-hy-hÿmKth-j- enwK- h y- ‡ nXz{]iv \ - h p- a m- s W- ¶ n¬
2009 sk-]v-Xw-_¿- 11

kzh¿K-ssew-Kn-IX tIh-e-samcp ssewKnI {]iv\w
am{X-am-sW∂mWv At±-l-Øns‚ ]£w.(6) kmaq-ln-I-
amb ]cn-K-W-\-bm-h-iy-ap≈ Hcp at\m-hy-Xn-bm-\-amWv
A]-c-ssew-Kn-I-X. AØcw hyXn-bm-\-ap-≈-hsc Nqj-
Ww sNøm≥ kzh¿K-t`m-Kn-Iƒ°v Ffp-∏-am-Wv. Xß-
fpsS cXnsshIr-Xß - ƒ°v Ahsc hnt[-ba - m-°p-tºmƒ
Hcp Xcw ASn-a-ØtØmsS AsX√mw kln-°p-hm≥
A]-c-ssew-Kn-I-X-bn-ep-≈-h¿ k∂-≤-am-hpw. kzh¿Km-
\p-cm-Kn-I-fpsS Cc-I-fmWv Ah¿ F∂¿Yw. AØcw
Bfp-Is - fbpw kzh¿Km-\p-cm-Kn-It- fbpw Htc KW-Øn¬
s]Sp-Øp-∂Xv [m¿an-I-ambpw imkv{Xo-b-ambpw icn-
bmb kao-]-\-a-√. kmaq-ly-]-cn-K-W\ Bh-iy-ap≈
at\m-hy-Xn-bm-\-°m-scbpw A®-S-°-\-S-]Sn A\n-hm-cy-
amb ssewKn-Iss-h-Ir-X-ap-≈-h-scbpw Htc KW-Øn¬
s]Sp-Øp-∂-sX-ßns\? Chn-tSbpw ssewKnI Acm-P-
I-Xz-Øn\p th≠n-bp≈ cmjv{SobIcp-\o-°ß - ƒ Xs∂-
bmWv kq£-vam-t\z-jn-Iƒ°v ImWm≥ Ign-bp-I.
1990-Iƒ apX¬ imkv{Xo-b-]-T-\-߃ D]-tbm-Kn®v
kzh¿Km-\p-cm-KsØ {]Ir-Xn-]-c-am-°p-∂-Xn\p th≠n-
bp≈ Icp-\o-°-߃ Bcw-`n-®p. Ata-cn-°≥ \yqtdm -
k-b‚n-Ãmb kntam¨ en shbpsS "kzh¿K-c-Xn-°m-
cp-tSbpw km[m-cW - °- m-cp-tSbpw sslt∏m-Xe - m-akv LS-
\-bn-ep≈ hyXymkw' (A difference in Hypothalamic
structure between hetterosexual and homosexual men)
2009 sk-]v-Xw-_¿-
F∂ kb≥kv amK-kn≥ teJ-\-am-bn-cp∂p(7) Cu KW-Øn-ep≈
BZy]T-\w. s\X¿-em‚ vkv C≥Ãn-‰yq´v Hm^v \yqtdm kb≥-
knse akv X njv I Kth- j - I - \ mb s{]m^: tUm: Un.- F - ^ v -
kvhm_pw AtX ÿm]-\-Øn¬ Xs∂-bp≈ \yqtdm A\m-´-an
Kth-jI - ≥ tUm: Fw.F tlm^vam\pw c≠p kl-{]-h¿Ø-Icpw
IqSn-sb-gp-Xnb "a\p-jy-ak- vXn-jvIØ - nse Hcp enwK-hy-Xym-khpw
A]-c-enw-K-hy-‡n-Xz-hp-ambn AXn-\p≈ _‘hpw' (A sex dif-
ference in the human brain and its relation to transsexuality) F∂
teJ-\-Øn¬(8) kzh¿Km-\p-cm-Kn-I-fp-tSbpw A]-c-enw-K-hy-‡n-Xz-
ap-≈-h-cp-tSbpw km[m-c-W-°m-cp-tSbpw akvXn-jvI-߃ XΩn¬
sN-dnb Nne hyXn-cn-‡X - I
- f
- p-s≠∂v imkv{X-kt- ¶-Xß - f - p-]t- bm-
Kn®v hmZn®tXmsS AXv FSpØp]nSn-®p-sIm≠v kzh¿Km-\p-cm-
Kw {]IrXnZØ-am-sW∂ {]Nm-c-W-Øn\v i‡n-tb-dn. bqWn-
th-gvkn‰n Hm^v sSIvkmkv skt°m-fPn hn`m-K-Ønse tUm:
sU∂nkv saIv ^±m\pw FUvth¿Uv Pn {]km-\\pw IqSn-sb-
gp-Xnb "km[m-c-W-°m-cn-tebpw kzh¿K-c-Xn-°m-cntebpw I¿W-
hy-h-ÿ-bpsS Xmc-Xayw' (Comparison of the auditory systems of
heterosexuals and homosexuals) F∂ {]_-‘-Øn¬(9) c≠p-Iq-
´-cp-tSbpw tIƒhnbpw A\p-_‘kwhn-[m-\ß - fpw XΩn¬ kmc-
amb hyXn-cn-‡-X-I-fp≠v F∂v ]d-™Xv Db¿Øn-°m-Wn-®p-s-
Im-≠v kzh¿K-c-Xn-°m-cpsS Ah-b-h-߃ t]mepw {]h¿Øn-
°p-∂Xv Ah-cpsS ssewKn-Im-`n-\n-thi-Øns‚ ASnÿm\-Øn-
em-sW∂pw {]kvXpX A`n-\n-thiw Xocp-am-\n-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv P\-
\-Øn\p apºm-sW∂pw hsc hmZn-°-s∏-´p. kzh¿Km-`n-\n-thiw
{]I-Sn-∏n-°p-∂-hcptSbpw AX-√m-Ø-h-cp-tSbpw hnc-ep-I-fpsS
hen∏w XΩn-ep≈ A\p-]mXw hyXy-k-vXam-sW-∂m-bn-cp∂p
_n.sP kn‹-≠ns‚ Is≠-ج.(10) CXpw Gsd D≤-cn-°-s∏-Sp-
Ibpw kzh¿KssewKn-IX {]Ir-Xn-hn-cp-≤-a-s√-∂-Xn-\p≈ sXfn-
hmbn Ah-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. ssewKn-Im-`n-\n-th-i-
Øn\v A\p-kr-X-am-bmWv a\p-jy-cnse \yqtdm¨ hyXym-khpw
LS-\bpw F∂ {_n´ojv at\m-Po-h-im-kv{X-⁄-\mb tUm:
Imkn d-lvams‚ cN-\-I-fpw(11) Cu cwKØv Gsd D]-tbm-K-s∏-
Sp-Ø-s∏-´p. F∂m¬ Cu ]T-\-ß-sf√mw ASn-ÿm-\-c-ln-Xhpw
IrXy-ambn Imcy-߃ A]-{K-Yn-°m-ØX - p-am-sW∂v hne-bn-cp-Ø-
s∏-Sp-I-bmWv ]n∂oSv sNbvX-Xv. kzh¿Km-\p-cm-K-Øn\v Poh-im-
kv{X-]-c-amb ASn-Ø-d-Iƒ Is≠-Øp-hm≥ th≠n-bp≈ ]cn-{i-
a-ß-sf√mw ]cm-P-b-s∏-´p-sh-∂-XmWv kXyw. Ah-km\w Ata-
cn-°≥ sskIym-{SnIv Atkm-kn-tb-j\v t]mepw kzh¿Km-\p-
cmKØn\v Poh-imkv{X ASn-Ød Is≠-Øp-hm-\p≈ {ia-߃
CXx]-cy¥w ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-I-bmWv sNbvXn-´p-≈-sX∂v Xpd∂p
kΩ-Xn-t°≠n h∂p. 2000 sabv amk-Øn¬ F ]n F ]pd-Øn-
d-°nb "tK, sekv_n-b≥ ss_sk-£z¬ Cjyqkv' F∂ ^mIvSv
ao‰n¬ Cßs\ hmbn°mw ""kzh¿K-ssew-Kn-IX - °v Poh-im-kv{X-
]-c-amb Imc-W-߃ Is≠-Øp-∂-Xn-\p-th≠nbp≈ ]cn-{i-a-
߃°v CubnsS-bmbn Xm¬]cyw h¿[n-®n-´p-≠v. F∂m¬ CXp-
h-tcbpw kzh¿K-ssew-Kn-I-X-°p≈ Poh-im-kv{X-Im-c-W-߃
Is≠-Øp-∂-Xn-\p-th-≠n-bp≈ imkv{Xob-]-T-\-ß-sfm∂pw X-
s∂ ^ew I≠n-´n-√.''(12)
kzh¿K-ssew-Kn-I-X°v P\n-X-Im-Sn-Ød Is≠-Øp-∂-Xn\p
th≠n-bp≈ ]cn-{i-aß - ƒ 1990-If- psS XpS°w apX¬ Xs∂ Bcw-
`n-®n-cp-∂p. 1993 Pqsse 16\v ]pd-Øn-d-°nb "kb≥kv amK-kn≥'
{]kn-≤o-I-cn® "FIvkv t{Imtam-tkm-ap-I-fnse Un.F≥.F tcJ-
12
Ifpw ]pcp-j-ssew-Kn-Im-`n-\n-th-ihpw
XΩn-ep≈ Hcp _m‘hw' (A linkage
between DNA markers on the X chromo-
some and male sexual Orientation) F∂
{]_‘am-bn-cp-∂p(13) CXn¬ H∂m-a-
tØXv . AXns‚ ASn- ÿ m- \ - Ø n¬
kzh¿Km-\p-cm-Kn-bmb tUm: Uo≥ F®v
lmadpw \mev kl-{]-h¿Ø-Icpw tN¿-
∂mWv {]kvXpX {]_‘w Xøm-dm-°n-
bncn-°p-∂-Xv. C‰-en-bnse 114 kzh¿K-
{]-W-bn-I-fpsS IpSpw-_-ßsf ]T-\-hn-
t[-b-am-°n-s°m≠v kzh¿K-ssew-Kn-I-
X°v P\n-X-Im-Sn-Ø-d-bp-s≠∂v ÿm]n-
°p-∂-XmWv {]kvXpX {]_-‘w. AXn-
¬ \m¬]Xv IpSpw-_-ß-fn-tebpw kZr-
iCc-´I - ƒ kzh¿K-{]-Wb - n-If- m-bn-cp∂p
F∂ I≠-sØ-en¬ \n∂mWv At±lw
AXn\v P\n-X-Im-Sn-Ød \n¿[-cn-s®-Sp-
°p-∂-Xv. kzh¿K-{]-W-bn-I-fpsS amXr-
Zm-bI enwK t{Imtam-tkm-amb X t{Im-
tam-tkm-an\v X928 F∂ Hcp P\n-XI
tcJob(genetic marker)aps≠∂pw AXn-
\m-emWv Ah¿ kzh¿K-{]-W-bn-I-fm-bn-
Øo-cp-∂Xv F∂p-am-bn-cp∂p hmZw. C-
tXmsS tK Po\ns\ Is≠Ønsb∂ a´n-
ep≈ {]Nm-c-W-߃ i‡-am-bn. P\n- A_-≤-am-sW∂v sXfn-bn-°-s∏´p Ign- am-‰sØ kzm[o-\n-°p∂ P\n-XI LS-
X-Im-Sn-Ø-d-bn¬ \n∂v \n¿[m-cWw sN- ™-ti-jhpw Uo≥ lma-dns‚ ]T-\-ß- I-ß-tfbpw kml-N-cy-ß-tfbpw Htc-
ø-s∏-Sp-∂-XmWv kzh¿K-{]-W-b-sa∂ fn¬ A≈n-∏n-Sn-®p-sIm≠v kzh¿K-{]- t]mse ]cn-KW - n-°p∂ imkv{X-im-Jb - m-
a´n-emWv C∂pw ]e imkv{X{]kn-≤o- Wbw P\n-X-I-am-sW∂ hmZ-hp-ambn Wn-Xv. Po\p-Itfm kml-N-cy-ßtfm
I-cW- f - pw hnj-bsØ ssIImcyw sNøp- \oßp-I-bmWv C∂pw kzh¿Km-\p-cmKn- GsX-¶n-sem∂v k¿∆-i-‡-am-sWt∂m
∂-Xv. AXns‚ kzm[o\w U¬ln ssl- Ifpw kl-I-c-W-kw-L-ß-fpw sNbvXp- AXp am{X-amWv s]cp-am-‰sØ kzm[o-
t°m-SXn hn[n°v \nan-Ø-amb \mkv sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv (16) F∂ hkvXpX \n-°p-∂Xv Ft∂m D≈ [mc-W-b√
^ut≠-js‚ hmZßfnepw ImWm-\m- F¥p-am{Xw kl-Xm-]m¿l-a√! s]cp-am‰ P\n-XI imkv{X-⁄∑ - m¿°p-
hpw. F∂m¬ tUm: Uo≥ lmadpw kl- kzh¿Km-\p-cmKw P\n-X-I-am-sW∂ ≈-Xv. Hmtcmt∂m c≠pw IqSntbm s]cp-
{]- h ¿Ø- I cpw apt∂m- ´ p- s h® ]T\ hmZ-Øn-t‚bpw AXv P∑\m e`n-°p∂ am-‰sØ kzm[o-\n-°mhp-∂-Xm-Wv. (18)
dnt∏m¿´p- I ƒ hkv X p- X m- ] - c - a - s √∂v kz`m-h-am-sW∂ ho£-W-Øn-t‚bpw Po\p-Iƒ IqSmsX s]cp-am-‰sØ kml-
ÿm]n-®p-sIm≠v kb≥kv amK-kn\n¬ kXym-k-Xy-߃ ]cn-tim-[n-°p-hm≥ N-cy-߃ IqSn kzm[o-\n-°p-∂p-sh∂v
Xs∂ i‡-amb {]_‘w Bdp h¿j- s]cp-am‰ P\n-XI (behavioural genet- ]d- b p- t ºmƒ F¥mWv kml- N cyw
߃°p tijw {]kn-≤o-I-cn-®n-cp-∂p. ics) Øns‚ Nne A-Sn-ÿm\ kt¶X- sIm≠v hnh-£n-°p-∂s - X∂ tNmZyapb-
1993 G{]n¬ 23s‚ kb≥kv amK-kn\n- ߃ a\ n-em-t°-≠Xv A\n-hm-cy-am- cm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. P\n-X-I-a-√mØ F√m
¬ {]kn-≤o-Ic - n-°s
- ∏´ "]pcpj kzh¿K- Wv . a\p- j ys‚ s]cp- a m- ‰ - ß - f n- e p≈ kzm[o-\ß - t- fbpw kml-Ncyw (environ-
ssew-Kn-IX: X928¬ kq£vtam-]-{Kl Po\p--I-fpsS kzm[o-\sØ Ipdn® ]T-\- ment) F∂mWv hnfn- ° p- ∂ - X v . AXv
tcJo- b - ß ƒ XΩn- e p≈ _m‘- h - amWv s]cp-am‰ P\n-X-Iw. t_m[-]q¿∆- _mIv S o- c nb, sshd- k v , acp- ∂ p- I ƒ,
Øns‚ Akm-∂n[yw' (Male Homosexu- a-√m-sXtbm kzm`m-hn-Ia - mtbm t_mt[m- t]mj-I-߃ XpS-ßnb B¥-cn-I-ambn
ality: Absence of Linkage to Microsatellite Z-b-Ømtem D≠m-hp∂ \nco-£-W-tbm- {]h¿Øn-°p∂ hkvXp-°-fmhmw; AX-
Markers at X928) F∂ ]T-\(14) - am-bn-cp∂p Ky-amb {]hr-Øn-Itfm hnIm-c-ßtfm s√-¶n¬ c£m-I¿ØrXzw, -Ip-Spw-_-Po-
AXv. shtè H‚m-dntbm k¿∆-I-em- Xm¬]-cy-ßtfm BWv "s]cp-am‰w' (be- hn-Xw, ka-{]m-b° - m¿, am[y-aß
- ƒ, {]Ir-
im-e-bnse tPm¿Pv ssdkpw aq∂v kl- haviour) sIm≠p≈ hnh£. Po\p-Iƒ Xn-Zp-c-¥-߃, Imem-hÿm am‰-߃,
{]-h¿Ø-Icpw IqSn Xøm-dm-°nb {]kv- Fß-s\-bmWv kml-N-cy-߃°-IØv tcmKw, bp≤w F∂o _mly-ambn kzm-
XpX ]T- \ - Ø ns‚ dnt∏m¿´v At∂ {]h¿Øn-®p-sIm≠v s]cp-am-‰sØ kzm- [o-\n-°p∂ Imcy-ß-fp-am-Imw.(19) samØ-
Znhkw Xs∂-bp≈ _n.-_n.kn {]t£- [o-\n-°p-∂-sX∂ ]T-\-amWv s]cp-am-‰- Øn¬ a\p-jy-s]-cp-am-‰-ßsf Fßs\
]Ww sNbvXn-cp-∂p.(15) imkv{Xo-b-ambn P-\n-XI- Ø
- n-\S- pØv \S-°p-∂X - v.(17) s]cp- Po\p-Ifpw F√m-Xcw _mlyhpw B¥-

2009 sk-]v-Xw-_¿- 13
 t]io-_-e-Øn-\-\p-kr-X-
ambn- Po≥ {]h¿Øn-°p-
∂-bm-ƒ Ifn-°m-c-\m-I-W-
tam ImgvN-°m-c-\m-IW
tam-sb∂v Xocp-am-\n-°p-
∂Xv kml-N-cy-ß-fmWv-.
AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ GsX-
¶nepsamcp kz`m-h-Øn\v
Po\p-Isf ]gn-Nm-cp-∂Xn-
\v bmsXmcp hn[ \ymbo
-I-c-W-hp-an-√

cn-I-hp-amb kml-N-cy-ßfpw IqSn kzm-
[o-\n-°p-∂p-sh∂v ]Tn-°p-Ib - mWv s]cp-
am‰P\n-XI imkv{X-⁄-∑m¿ sNøp-∂-
sX∂v ]d-bmw.
s]cp-am-‰-P-\n-X-IsØ Ipdn®v ]Tn-
°p-tºmƒ F¥mWv Po≥ F∂v a\- n-
em-t°-≠X - p-≠v. tImi\yq-¢n-b  - n-ep≈
]mc-º-cy-hm-ln-bmb Un.-F≥.FbpsS
Hcp IjvW-amWv Po≥ F∂p-]-d-bmw.
\qdp-I-W-°nt\m Nne-t∏mƒ Bbn-c-°-
W-°nt\m˛\yq-¢n-tbm-ssS-Up-Iƒ Xmfm-
fl- I - a mbn Hcp- a n®p {]h¿Øn- ° p- ∂ -
Xmbn {]Xy-£s - ∏-Sp∂ Un.-F≥.F `mK-
am-W-Xv. t{]m´o-\p-Iƒ \n¿an-°p-Itbm
a‰p- P o- \ p- I sf {]h¿Ø- \ - £ - a - a m- ° p-
Itbm \n¿ho-cy-am-°p-Itbm sNøp-Is - b-
∂ c≠p -X-c-Øn-ep≈ [¿a-ß-fmWv
Po\p-Iƒ \n¿∆-ln-°p-∂-Xv. a\p-jys\
kw_-‘n-®-nS-tØmfw Po\p-I-fm¬ am-
{Xw \n›-bn-°-s∏-Sp∂ Nne ASnÿm-
\kz`m-hß - f - p-≠v. IÆns‚ \ndw DZml-
c-Ww. F∂m¬ s]cp-am-‰ß - f
- n¬ an°Xpw
Po\p-I-fm¬ ÿm]n-°-s∏-´Xpw kml-
N-cy-ß-fm¬ Xocp-am-\n-°-s∏-Sp∂-Xp-am-
Wv. \√ t]io-_-ehpw Db¿∂ izmk-
tIm-i-£-a-Xbpw Hcmƒ \√ Imbn-I-Xm-
c-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂Xn\v ImcWw Abm-fpsS
Po\p-I-fm-sW∂v thW-sa-¶n¬ ]d-bm-
hp-∂-Xm-Wv. F∂m¬ Abmƒ Hcp Hm´-
°m-ct\m, \o¥¬°m-ct\m Ifn-°m-
ct\m Bhp-∂X - n¬ {][m-\a- mbpw kml-
N-cy-ß-fpsS kzm[o-\-am-Wp-≈-Xv. Abm-
fpsS amXm-]n-Xm-°ƒ Zcn-{Zcpw Ip´n-Isf
kvIqfn-e-b-°m≥ Ign-hn-√m-Ø-h-cp-am-
sW-¶n¬ Abmƒ°v Bh-iy-amb ]cn-
io-e\w In´msX t]mhp-Ibpw AXp-hgn
Hcp Intem-ao-‰¿t]mepw HmSm≥ Ignbm-
Øh\mbn Abmƒ amdp-Ibpw sNbvtX-
°m\pw km[y-Xb - p-≠v. {]Ir-Xnbpw ]cn-
ÿn-Xnbpw IqSn-t®¿∂v (Nature vs Na-
ture) hy‡n-bpsS kz`m-h-ßfpw s]cp-
am- ‰ - ß fpw \n¿W- b n- ° p- ∂ - s X- ∂ mWv
s]cp-am-‰-P-\n-XIw s]mXp-hmbn ]Tn-∏n-
°p-∂-Xv.
Hcm-fpsS \nco-£n-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp∂
kz`m-h-ßtfm (charecteristic) khn-ti-
j-Xtbm (traits) BWv ^ot\m ssS∏v
(phenotype) F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. Po\p-
Iƒ kml-N-cy-hp-ambn {]Xn-{]-h¿Øn-
°p-∂s - X-ßs - \-sb-∂X - ns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-
Øn-emWv Hcm-fnse ^ot\m-ssS∏v cq]-
s∏-Sp∂-Xv. Hcp Bƒ°q-´Ø - nse ^ot\m-
ssS-∏ns‚ hyXn-bm-\-ßsf (phenotypic
variations) F{X-tØmfw Pot\m-ssS-∏n-
I-hy-Xn-bm-\-ß-fn(genotypic variations)-
te°v Btcm-]n-°m-\m-hp-sa-∂-Xns‚
A\p-]m-X-amWv ]c-º-cm-K-XXzw (heri-
tability). Bƒ°q-´-Øn-ep≈ hy‡n-I-
fpsS samØ-Øn-ep≈ P\n-X-I-hy-Xn-cn-
‡-XI - ƒ F{X-tØm-fw ^ot\m-ssS-∏nI
hyXym-ka - p-≠m-°p-Is - b∂v hy‡-am-°p-
I-bmWv ]c-º-cm-K-XXzw sNøp-∂-Xv.
0 apX¬ 1 hsc-bp≈ kwJy-I-fn-emWv
]c-º-cm-K-XXzw IW-°m-°p-∂-Xv. hy-
‡n-I-fpsS ^ot\m-ssS-∏n-I-hy-Xn-cn-‡-
X-If - n¬ Po\p-Iƒ°v bmsXmcp kw`mh-
\-bp-an-s√-¶n¬ ]c-º-cm-K-XXzw ]qPy-am-
hpw. Po\p-I-fpsS am{Xw ASn-ÿm-\Øn-
¬ \n›-bn-°-s∏-Sp∂ ^ot\m-ssS-∏n-I-
hy-Xn-cn-‡X - b
- psS ]c-ºc - m-KX - Xzw H∂m-
bn-cn-°pw. km[m-c-W-bmbn ImW-s∏-
Sp∂ kz`mh khn-ti-jX - I - f - p-sS-sb√mw
]c-º-cm-K-XXzw ]qPy-Øn\pw H∂n-\p-an-
S-bn-em-bn-cn-°pw. DZm-l-c-W-Øn\v Ata-
cn-°b - nse _u≤n-I\ - n-eh- m-cØ - ns‚ (IQ)
]c-º-cm-K-XXzw 0.4-\pw 0.8-\panSbn-em-
sW-∂mWv Nne ]T-\-ß-ƒ hy‡am-°p-
∂-Xv. (20) 0.4 ]c-º-cm-K-X-Xz-ap≈ Hcp
{]tXyI Ata-cn-°≥ kaq-l-Ønse
AwK-ß-fpsS 40 iX-am\w _u≤n-I-\n-
e-hm-c-Øn\v ImcWw Po\p-I-fpw 60 iX-
am-\-Øn\v ImcWw kml-N-cy-ß-fp-am-
Wv F∂m-Wv CXn-\¿Yw. B kaq-lØn-
se Hmtcm-cp-Ø-cp-tSbpw _u≤nI-\n-e-
hm-cØ - n\v ImcWw 40 iX-am\w Po\pI-
fpw 60 iX-am\w kml-N-cy-ß-fp-am-sW-
∂√ CXv A¿Y-am-°p-∂s - X∂ hkvXpX
{]tXyIw kqNn-∏n-t°-≠X - p-≠.v B kaq-
l-Øns‚ samØ-Øn-ep≈ P\n-X-I-]q-
fn¬ _u≤n-I\ - n-eh
- m-cØ- n\v Dt]m¬_-
e-I-amb \m¬]Xp iX-am\w km[y-X-
bp-s≠∂v am{X-amWv ]c-ºc - m-KX - X
- z kw-
Jy kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.

2009 sk-]v-Xw-_¿- 14
 Cc-´-I-fpsS kz`m-h-ßsf Ipdn®
Xmc-X-ay]T\hpw (twin studies) ZØp-
]p-{X-∑msc Ipdn® ]T-\-ß-fp-amWv (ad-
option studies) Hcp {]tXyI kaq-lØn-
¬ GsX-¶nepw Hcp s]cp-am‰Øn\v ]c-
º-cm-KX - Xzw F{X-tØm-fa - p-s≠∂v Xocp-
am-\n-°p-hm≥ {][m-\-ambpw D]-tbm-Kn-
°- s ∏- S p- ∂ - X v . ]nXm- h ns‚ _oPhpw
amXm-hns‚ AWvUhpw kwtbm-Pn-®p-
≠m-hp∂ kn‡mWvUw BZyw Xs∂
c≠mbn hn`-Pn-°p-Ibpw Hmtcm∂pw kz-
X-{¥-ambn hf¿∂v Cc-´-I-fm-bn-Øo-cpI-
bpw sNøp∂ kZri Cc-´-I-fnse (Iden-
tical twins or monozygotic twins) Po\p-
I-sf√mw kam-\-am-bn-cn°pw. F∂m¬
amXm-hns‚ Hscm‰ AWvtUm¬tkm¿P-
\-Øn¬ Xs∂ c≠v AWvU-߃ D¬-
]m-Zn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw ]nXm-hns‚ c≠p-
_o-P-ß-fp-ambn Ah Hmtcm∂pw kzX-
{¥-ambn kwtbm-Pn-®p-≠m-hp-Ibpw sN-
øp∂ kn‡m-WvU-߃ hf¿∂p-≠m-
hp∂ Ak-Zri Cc-´-I-fnse (fraternal
twins or dizygotic twins) Po\p-I-fn¬ ]-
Ip-Xn-am-{Xta Xs‚ ktlm-Z-cs‚ Po\p-
I-fp-ambn kmZr-iy-ap-≠m-hp-Ib - p-≈q. Cc-
´-I-f-√mØ ktlm-Z-c-∑m¿°n-S-bnepw 50
iX-am\w P\n-XI kmZr-iyap-≠m-hpw.
kZri Cc-´-I-fp-tSbpw AX-√mØ k-
tlm-Z-c-ß-fp-tSbpw kz`m-h-k-hn-ti-j-X-
Isf Xmc-Xayw sNbvXmWv ]c-º-cm-K-
XXzw IW-°m-°p-∂-Xv.(21)
Hcp {]tXyI kaq-lØ - n¬ ImW-s∏-
Sp∂ Hcp {]tXyI khn-ti-jX F{X-
tØmfw P\n-XI - m-Sn-Ød
- b - p-≈X - m-sW∂v
]cn-tim-[n-°p-hm≥ kc-fa - mb Nne KWn-
X {Inb-Iƒ D]-tbm-Kn-®m¬ aXn-bmhpw.
s]cp-am‰ khn-ti-j-X-Iƒ (behavioural
traits-A) \n¿W-bn-°p-∂Xv kwtbm-Pn-X-
P-\n-XI - hpw (additive genetics-E) s]mXp-
kml-Nc - yhpw (common environment-C)
khn-ti-j-km-l-N-cyhpw (unique envi-
ronment) IqSn-bm-sW∂ s]cp-am‰P\n-
X-I-Øns‚ ACE tamU-ens‚ shfn-®-
Øn-emWv Cu KWnX {Inb-Iƒ \n¿[m-
cWw sNø-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂X - v. Chn-sS-bmWv
Cc-´I - sf Ipdn® ]T\w IS-∂p-hc - p-∂Xv.
kZr-i -C-c-´-I-fpsS Po\p-Iƒ kam-\-am-
bn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se-Øs∂ Ah¿ hf-
¿∂p-h∂ s]mXp kml-N-cyhpw kam\-
am-bn-cn-°p-a-t√m. Ah-cpsS s]cp-am‰
khn-ti-j-X-Iƒ XΩn¬ Fs¥-¶nepw
hyXym-k-ap-s≠-¶n¬ AXn∂p ImcWw
2009 sk-]v-Xw-_¿-
Hcp Pohn-bpsS hf¿®sb ]q¿W-ambpw \n›-bn-°p-∂Xv
Po\p-I-fm-sW∂ hnizm-k-Øn-\mWv P\n-XI \n¿W-b-
hmZw F∂p]d-bp-∂-Xv. P\n-XI \n¿W-b-hmZw sX‰mb Hcp-
[mc-W-bm-Wv. imkv{Xob Kth-j-W-ßsf icn-bmbn a\-
 n-em-°m-Ø-Xn¬ \n∂mWv Cu [mc-W-bp-≠m-hp-∂-Xv
Fs¥-¶nepw Xc-Øn-ep≈ khn-tij
kml-Nc - y-am-bn-cn-°pw. Hcp {]tXy-Ik
- aq-
l-Ønse kZri Cc-´-I-fpsS s]cp-am‰
khn- t i- j - X - I ƒ \nco- £ n- ® m¬ B
khn-ti-j-X°v \nZm-\-amb kwtbmPn-
XP\n-X-I-Øns‚bpw s]mXpkml-N-cy-
Øn-t‚bpw BsI-ØpI e`n°pw. Hcp
{]tXyI s]cp-am‰khn-ti-j-X-bpsS
\nc°v r BsW-¶n¬ kZr-i-C-c-´-I-fpsS
(m2)r e`n-°W - s - a-¶n¬ kwtbm-PnXP\n-
X-I-Øn-s‚bpw (A) s]mXp-km-l-N-cy-
Øn-s‚bpw (C) k¶-e\w aXn-bm-hpw.
rm2=A+C F∂¿Yw. F∂m¬ kZr-ic - √
- m-
Ø Cc-´-I-fpsS (d2) kwtbm-PnXP\nX-
Iw 50 iX-am\w am{X-amWv; s]mXp-kml-
N-cy-am-Is´ 100 iX-am-\-hpw. AXn-\m¬
rd2=1/2 A+Cbm-bn-cn-°p-a-t√m. CXn¬
\n∂v A,C,E XpS-ßn-b-hsb \n¿[m-cWw
sNbvsX-Sp-°I Ffp-∏-am-Wv.
rm2=A+C
rd2=1/2 A+C
A= 2(rm2-rd2)
C= rm2-A= 2rd2-rm2
E= 1-rm2(22)
s]cp-am-‰P - \- n-XI- Ø
- nse Nne Is≠-
Ø-ep-I-fpsS shfn-®-Øn¬ kzh¿Kkv-
t\lw P\n-X-I-am-sW∂pw AXp-sIm-
≠p-Xs∂ Aßns\ P\n-®hsc AXp-
am-‰m≥ t{]cn-∏n-°p-∂Xv ]mX-I-amsW-
∂pw ]d-bp-∂X - ns‚ Akmw-KXyw a\ n-
em-°W - s- a-¶n¬ C°m-cysØ∏‰n \S∂
Kth-j-W-߃ ]cn-tim-[n-°Ww. Cu
cwKØv \S∂ BZy-Ime Kth-j-W-ß-
fn-sem∂v sP.-Fw.s_bvenbpw B¿.-kn.-
]n-√m¿Upw IqSn 1991¬ B¿°ohvkv
Hm^v P\-d¬ sskIym-{Sn-bn¬ Fgp-Xnb
"]pcpj ssewKn-Im-`n-\n-th-i-sØ-°p-dn-
® Hcp P\n-X-I-]-T\w' (A Genetic study
of Male sexual Orientation) F∂ {]_-
15
‘-am-bn-cp-∂p.(23) kzh¿K-{]-W-bn-Ifp-
sSbpw {]W-bn-\n-I-fpsSbpw {]kn-≤o-I-
c-W-ß-fn¬ ]ckyw sNbvX-Xns‚ ASn-
ÿm-\Ø - n-se-Ønb Cc´ kmw]n-fp-Isf
D]-tbm-Kn®p sIm≠p≈ ]T-\a - mWv CXv
F∂-Xp-sIm≠p Xs∂ CXns‚ A[n-
Im-cn-I-X-bn¬ kzh¿Km-\p-cm-Kn-Isf
]n≥Xp-W-°p∂ Kth-j-I≥am¿ Xs∂
kwibw {]I-Sn-∏n-®n-´p-≠v. "CØcw Hcp
{]kn-≤o-I-c-W-Ønse ]c-ky-tØmSv
{]Xn-Ic - n-°p-hm≥ kz¥w ktlm-Zc - ß- ƒ
kzh¿Km-\p-cm-Kn-I-f-√mØ kzh¿Km-\p-
cm-Kn-I-fn¬ ]ecpw k∂≤am-hp-I-bn√
F∂ hkvXpX kzh¿K-ssew-Kn-I kzm-
X{¥y-Øn\p th≠n hmZn-°p∂ an°m-
bo¬ s_bven t]mepw kΩ-Xn-°p-∂Xm-
bn kn. ]mt‰-gvk¨ Fgp-Xp-∂p-≠v.(24) C-
Ø-c-Øn-ep≈ ]T-\-Øns‚ shfn-®-Øn-
emWv kZri Cc-´I - f
- n-sem-cmƒ kzh¿Km-
\p-cm-Kn-bm-sW-¶n¬ at‰-bmƒ Aß-s\-
bm-hm-\p≈ km[yX 40-˛50 iX-am\w
BsW-∂pw kZr-i-a-√mØ Cc-´-Iƒ°v
CXv 25 iX-am-\hpw ZØp-kt- lm-Zc - \- n¬
CXv 3˛5 iX-am\w BsW-∂p-ap≈ I-
s≠-Ø-ep-Iƒ \S-Øn-b-Xv. A= 2(rm2-rd2)
F∂ ka-hm-Iy-Øns‚ shfn-®-Øn¬
ap∏Xp apX¬ AºXv iX-am\w BfpI-
ƒ P\n-X-I-Im-c-W-ß-fn-emWv kzh¿Kc-
Xn-°m-cm-hp-∂Xv F∂m-bn-cp∂p CXns‚
ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ hmZn-°-s∏-´-Xv.
Cu ]T-\-Øn\v \nc-h[n _e-lo-\-
X-I-fp≠v. H∂m-a-Xmbn FSpØ kmw]n-
fp-Iƒ tiJ-cn-®-Xv kzh¿Km-\p-cm-KnI-
tfm AXv icn-bm-sW∂v AwKo-I-cn-°p-
∂-htcm Bb-h-cn¬ \n∂m-Wv. c≠m-a-
Xmbn kmw]n-fp-I-fpsS FÆw Xptemw
]cn-an-Xa - m-Wv. P\n®v Gsd \mfp-Iƒ Ign-
bp-∂X - n-\p-apºv th¿s∏-Sp-Øs - ∏-Sp-Ibpw
hyXykvX kml-N-cy-ß-fn¬ hf-cpI-
bpw sNbvX ktlm-Z-c-ß-fpsS XmcX-

ayw ]c-º-cm-K-X-Xz-sØ-°p-dn® ]T-\-Øn¬ hfsc {][m-\-
s∏-´-Xm-Wv. CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ ]Øn¬ Xmsg Bfp-Iƒ am{X-
ta kzh¿K-c-Xn°v P\n-X-Im-Sn-Ød Is≠-Øm-\p≈ ]T-\-
Øn\v A]-{K-Yn-°-s∏-´n-´p-≈q.-C-ßs\ th¿s]-Sp-Ø-s∏´
ktlm-Z-c-߃ F¥p-sIm≠v th¿s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏-´p-sht∂m
AXn\p tijw BcmWv Chsc hf¿Øn-b-sXt∂m D≈
hnh-c-ß-sfm∂pw Kth-j-I-∑m¿ \¬Ip-∂n-√. th¿s∏-Sp-Ø-
s∏-s´-¶nepw Htc kml-NcyØn¬ Pohn-°m≥ Ign-™-h-cp-
≠m-Imw; _‘p-°ƒ hf¿Øn-bh - c- p-am-Imw-; apØ-—≥am-cptS-
sbm apØ»namcp-tSsbm IqsS Ign-™h - c
- p-≠m-hmw. ]et∏m-
gpw Ch¿ kam\ kml-N-cy-ß-fn¬ hf-cp-∂-h-cm-bn-cn-°pw.
AsXm∂pw Xs∂ Kth-j-I-cpsS At\z-j-W-Øn\v hn-t[b-
am-bn-´n-√. Htc ho´n¬ Pohn-°p∂ kZri Cc-´I
√msX Cc-´-I-fp-tSbpw kml-N-cy-߃ ]q¿W-ambpw kam\-
am-bn-cn°psa∂ A\p-am-\Ø - ns‚ ASn-ÿm-\Ø
Kth-j-Ww. Cu A\p-am-\-Ønepw ]niIp-≠v. Htc ho´n¬
Pohn-°p-∂-h-cm-sW-¶nepw kZri Cc-´-I-fpsSb{Xbpw kam-
\-km-lN - c- y-ap-≈h - c- m-bn-cn-°n-√ AX-√mØ Cc-´I
Cc-´-Iƒ ho´nepw kvIqfnepw kaq-l-Ønepw ]cn-K-Wn-°-
s∏-SpI ]q¿W-ambpw Htc cq]-Øn-em-Wv. Htc hkv{Xw; Htc
`£Ww; Htc ÿesØ A¥n-bp-d°w; Htc t]mep≈ ]cn-
N-cWw; Htc hml-\Ø - n-ep≈ bm{X˛-F√mw Htc cq]-Ønep-
≈-h-cm-bn-cn-°pw. AX-√msX ktlm-Z-c-ß-fpsS kam-\-km-
l-Ncyhpw kZri Cc-´-I-fpsS kam-\-km-l-N-cyhpw XΩn¬
hyXym-ka - p-s≠∂ hkvXp-Xbpw ]cn-KW - n-°s
_-Øns‚ kwkvIm-ctam kml-N-cytam amXm-]n-Xm-°-fpsS
[m¿anI ImgvN-∏m-Sp-Itfm IpSpw-_-Ønse _‘p-°-fntem
D≈ am\-knI{Ia-t°-Sp-Itfm H∂pw Xs∂ Cu ]T-\Ø
]cn-KW - n-°s - ∏-´n-´n-s√-∂mWv AXns‚ as‰mcp ]cn-an-Xn. Cß-
s\ \nc-h[n ]cn-an-Xn-Ifpw {]iv\ß - f - p-ap-≈X - m-bn-cp∂p Xß-
2009 sk-]v-Xw-_¿-
a\p-jy¿ P\n-°p-tºmƒ Ah-cpsS akvXn-jvI-Øn\v icm-
icn 330 {Kmw Xq°w ImWpw. GI-tZiw ]Xn-\m-bncw tImSn
\mUo-tIm-i-ß-fmWv Cu ka-bØv Xe-t®m-dn-ep-≠m-hp-I.
temI-P-\-kw-Jy-bpsS GI-tZiw Ccp-]Xv Cc-´n.
fpsS ]T-\-߃ F∂v AXns‚ h‡m-°ƒ Xs∂ ]n¬°m-
eØv Xpd∂p ]d-™n-´p-≠v.(25) kzh¿Km-\p-cmKw P\n-XI - a- mbn
Xocp-am-\n-°s - ∏-Sp-∂X - m-sW∂v BW-bn-Sp∂ tK˛-se-kv_n-b≥
{Kq∏p-Itfm Ahsc Xmßp∂ am[y-aß - tfm ]t£ Cu G‰p-
]-d-®n-ep-I-sfm∂pw I≠-Xmbn \Sn-°p-t∂-bn-√.
Cu ]cn-an-Xn-Isf Ih-®p-sh-°p-∂Xv F∂hIm-i-s∏-Sp∂-
XmWv 1999¬ Bkvt{X-en-b-bn¬ \S∂ ]T-\w. sP.Fw s_-
bvenbpw Fw.]n UyqWpw F≥.Pn am¿´n\pw tN¿∂mWv {]kv-
XpX ]T\w \S-Øn-b-Xv.(26) Iyq≥kvem‚ v k¿∆-I-emime-bp-
sS Iogn¬ \S∂ {]kvXpX ]T-\Ø - n¬ ]Xn-\m-bn-cØ- n-e[ - nIw
Cc-´-I-fpsS PohnXw kq£v-a-ambn A]-{K-Yn-°-s∏-´p. Hcmƒ
kzh¿K{]-Wb - n-bm-sW-¶n¬ Abm-fpsS kZri Cc´ kzh¿K-
{]-W-bn-bm-hm-\p≈ km[yX 38 iX-am\w am{X-am-sW-∂mWv
{]kvXpX ]T\w hy‡-am-°n-bX - v. kzh¿K-{]-Wb - n-\n-Iƒ°m-
hs´ CXv 30 iX-am-\-am-Wv. Cu km[y-X-Iƒ kzh¿K-c-Xn°v
P\n-XI - m-Sn-Ød - b
- p-s≠∂ hmZ-sØ ]n¥m-ßp-∂n-√. kzh¿Km-
\p-cmKw P\n-X-I-ambn \n›-bn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Htc Xcw
Po\p-Isf hln-°p∂ kZri Cc-´-I-fn¬ Hcmƒ kzh¿Km-
\p-cm-Kn-bm-sW-¶n¬ at‰-bmfpw \n¿_-‘-ambpw AtX Ah-
ÿ-bn-ep-≈b - mƒ BtI-≠X - m-Wv. Htc kml-Nc - y-Øn¬ Pohn-
°p-Ibpw Htc Xc-Øn¬ ]cn-K-Wn-°s∏Sp-Ibpw Htc kmaq-
ly-kΩ - ¿Z-߃°v hnt[-ba - m-°s- ∏-Sp∂ c≠p t]cpw Htc cq]-
- f- p-tSbpw AX- Øn-ep≈ ssewKn-Im-`n-\n-thiw {]I-Sn-∏n-°p-hm≥ km[y-X-
bp-≠m-Ip-sa∂p am{Xta Cu 38 iX-am\w A¿Y-am-°p-∂p≈q.
- n-ep-≈X - mWv kml-Nc - y-ßf - mWv Po\p-If - √ Hcmsf kzh¿Km-\p-cm-Kn-bm°n
am‰p-∂-Xv F∂ bmYm¿Yy-amWv Cc-´-Isf D]-tbm-Kn-®p≈
]T\w hy‡-am-°p-∂Xv F∂¿Yw.
- ƒ. kZri Hcmsf kzh¿Km-\p-cm-Kn-bm-°p-∂-Xn¬ Po\p-Iƒ°v ]¶p-
s≠∂p Xs∂ hmZ-Øn\p th≠n kΩ-Xn-®m¬ t]mepw AXn-
\v kmaq-lnI AwKo-Imcw \¬Im≥ AXv \ymbo-I-c-W-amhp-
∂n√ F∂-XmWv bmYm¿Yyw. Hcp kz`m-h-Øn-ep≈ Po\pI-
ƒ°v ]¶v F∂p ]d-™m¬ F¥mWv A¿Y-sa∂v a\- n-em-
°p-tºmtg Po\p-IfmWv a\p-jysc kzh¿Km-\p-cm-Kn-bm-°n-
Øo¿°p-∂Xv F∂ \ymbo-I-cWw F{X-tØmfw A¿Y-ap≈-
- ∏-´n-´n-√. IpSpw- Xm-sW∂v a\- n-em-hq. Po\p-Iƒ Hcp kz`m-h-sØ-bpw t\¿-
°p-t\sc \n¿W-bn-°p-∂n-√. t{]m´o-\p-Iƒ \n¿Ωn-°pI, a‰p-
Po-\p-I-fpsS {]h¿Ø-\sØ A\p-Iq-etam {]Xn-Iq-etam
- n¬ Bbn kzm[o-\n-°p-Itbm sNøpI F∂o c≠p [¿a-ß-fmWv
Po\p-Iƒ°p-≈-Xv. Cu t{]m´o-\p-Isf Hcmƒ Fßns\ D]-
tbm-Kn-°p-∂p-sh-∂-Xns\ B{i-bn-®n-cn-°p-∂p Abm-fpsS
16
kz`m-h-cq-]o-I-c-Ww. t]io-_-e-Øn-\-\p-
kr-X-amb Po≥ {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-bm-ƒ
Ifn-°m-c-\m-I-Wtam ImgvN-°m-c-\m-I-
W-tam-sb∂v Xocp-am-\n-°p-∂Xv kml-
N-cy-ß-fm-sW∂v \tS hy‡-am-°n-bn-´p-
≠v. AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ GsX-¶nepsam-
cp kz`m-h-Øn\v Po\p-Isf ]gn-Nm-cp∂-
Xn\v bmsXmcp hn[ \ymbo-Ic - W
- h
- p-an√.
{]ikvX a\x--im-k{v X-⁄\ - mb C.- Ão≥
Fgp-Xp∂p ""GsX-¶nepw Hcp s]cp-am‰-
tam am\-knI {]Xn-`m-ktam Fßn-s\-
bm-I-W-sa∂v Po\p-Iƒ t\¿°p-t\sc
Xocp-am-\n-°p-∂n√. adn®v Hcp {]tXy-Iam-
b B¿.-F≥.F kwt«-jW amXr-Isb
AXv \n¿Ωn-°p-Ibpw AXp-aqew am\kn-
I hyh-ÿ-tbbpw s]cp-am-‰-{]-I-S-\-ß-
sfbpw kzm[o-\n-°p-Ib - p-amWv Po\p-Iƒ
sNøp-∂X - v. Hcp Po\pw Hcp am\-kn-Imh-
ÿbpw XΩntem AX-s√-¶n¬ s]cp-am-
‰hpw XΩntem CS-s]-Sp∂ \nc-h[n hgn-
Øm-c-I-fp-≠v. ]ns∂bpw s]cp-am-‰-ß-fp-
apƒs°m-≈p∂ amXr-Ibpw Po\pw XΩn-
ep≈ CS-s]-S-ep-I-fn¬ am‰-ß-fp-≠m-
°m≥ Ign-bp∂ \nc-h[n Imcy-ßf - p-≠v...
Po\p-Ifpw ssewKn-Im-`n-\n-th-ihpw XΩn-
¬ t\¿°p-t\sc _‘-s∏-Sp-Øm-\mIp-
∂ bmsXmcp sXfn-hp-Ifpw CXp-hsc
Bcpw Ah-X-cn-∏n-®n-´n√''(27)
{]kn≤ s]cp-am‰ a\xim-kv{X-⁄-
\mb kn. t_°¿ Fgp-Xp-∂X - v ImWpI:
"Dbcw, Xq°w, c‡-k-Ω¿±w, Zl-\ti-
jn XpS-ßnb Hcp hn[w `uXnI khn-
ti-j-X-Ifpw Ah-ÿ-I-fp-sa√mw Po\p-
I-fn¬ \n∂v D¬`-hn-°p-Ibpw kml-N-
cy-ß-fpsS ]›m-Ø-e-߃°-\p-k-cn®v
{]hr-Øn-]-Y-Øn¬ hyXn-cn-‡X ]pe¿-
Øp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h-bm-Wv. CX-s∂bm-
Wv F√m k¶o¿Wamb am\-kn-I-˛-km-
aq-ln-I-s]-cp-am-‰-ß-fp-tSbpw Ah-ÿ.
hyXykvX Po\p-Iƒ hyXykvX kmlN-
cy-ß-fpsS kzm[o-\-hp-ambn Iq´nap-´p-
tºm-gmWv Htcm s]cp-am-‰ß - fpw ]pd-Øp-
h-cp-∂X- v... \n¿`m-Ky-hi
- m¬ ]ecpw CXn-
¬ \n∂v hyXy-kvX-amb [mc-W-bp-ambn
Ign-bp-∂-h-cm-Wv. Htcm kz`m-h-k-hn-ti-
j-X-I-tfbpw Htcm Po\p-Iƒ \nb-{¥n-
°p-∂p-sh-∂mWv Ah-cpsS [mc-W. Hcp
Pohn-bpsS hf¿®sb ]q¿W-ambpw \n›-
bn-°p-∂Xv Po\p-I-fm-sW∂ Cu hnizm-
k-Øn-\mWv P\n-XI \n¿W-b-hmZw
(genetic determinism) F∂p]d-bp-∂-Xv.
P\n-XI \n¿W-b-hmZw sX‰mb Hcp-
2009 sk-]v-Xw-_¿-
^mIvSd- n-bn¬ \n∂v \n¿Ωn-°s
- ∏-´Xpw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂b
Iq´n-t®¿°p-∂-Xp-amb Imcy-߃ Hcpan®p tNcp-tºm-gmWv
Hcp Iw]yq-´¿ tkm^v‰vshb¿ D≠m-hp-∂-Xv F∂-Xp-t]mse
ssewKnI tkm^v‰vshbdpw Po\p-I-fp-sSbpw kml-N-cy-ß-
fp-tSbpw an{in-X-Øn¬ \n∂mWv cq]-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.-
[mc-W-bm-Wv. imkv{Xob Kth-j-W-ß-
sf icn-bmbn a\- n-em-°m-Ø-Xn¬ \n-
∂mWv Cu [mc-Wb - p-≠m-hp-∂X - .v .. FsX-
¶n-epsamcp Po\n-t\bpw k¶o¿W-amb
GsX-¶n-ep-samcp a\pjy kz`m-htØ-
bpw XΩn¬ t\¿°p-t\sc _‘n-∏n°m-
≥ Ign-bp∂ bmsXmcp hn[ imkv{Xob
Kth-jW^ehpw CtX-hsc D≠m-bn-´n-
s√-∂XmWv hmkvX-hw. \nc-h[n Po\p-
Iƒ \nc-h[n kml-N-cy-ß-fpsS kzm[o-
\-Øn\p \Sp-hn¬ {]h¿Ø\\nc-Xa
tºm-gmWv GsX-¶n-ep-samcp s]cp-am-‰-ap-
≠m-hp-∂-Xv.''(28)
]cn-Wm-flI \c-hw-i-im-kv{X-Øn¬
Kth-jWw \S-Øp∂ kmdm _zm^¿
ln¿Unbpw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv CXp-Xs
bmWv. ""a\p-jy-`m-h-\-bn-e-[n-jvTn-Xamb
]eXpw temIsØ ZznXo-b-h¬°-cn®v
ImWp-hm≥ \sΩ t{]cn-∏n-°p-∂p-s≠¶n-
epw {]Ir-Xnbpw kml-N-cy-ßfpw XΩn-
¬ then-sI´n th¿-Xncn-°m-\m-hn-s√-∂Xv
Hcp bmYm¿Yy-am-Wv... Xmtem-en®p hf¿-
Øp-∂-Xp-t]msebp≈ k¶o¿W-amb
s]-cp-am-‰-ßtfm AXohk¶o¿W-amb
kvt\l-sØ-t]m-se-bp≈ sshIm-cn-Im-
h-ÿtbm H∂pw Xs∂ P\n-X-I-ambn
Xocp-am-\n-°-s∏-Sp-∂tXm kml-N-cy-ß-
fn¬ \n∂v am{X-ambn Dcp-Øn-cn-bp-∂tXm
A√.''(29)
GsX-¶nepw Hcp a\p-jy-s]-cp-am‰w
P\n- X - I m- S n- Ø - d - b p- ≈ - X m- s W∂v ]d-
™m¬ AXv Abmƒ°p-th≠n {]IrXn
Xs∂ \n›-bn-s®m-cp-°n-b-Xm-sW-∂√
A¿Y-sa∂ hkvXp-X-bmWv CsX√mw
hy‡-am-°p-∂X - v. sImss°≥ el-cn°v
ASn-a-bmb Hcp {_n´ojv kv{Xo kaq-l-
Øn¬ \S-Ønb ]T-\-{]-Imcw AXn\v
ASn-a-bm-Im-\p≈ P\n-XI-km-[yX 79
iX--am-\-am-Wv.(30) kml-N-cy-ßfpw Ah-
k-cß- f- p-ap-≠m-hp-Ibm-sW-¶n¬ {]kvXp-
17
- mƒ
X kaq-l-Ønse 79 iX-am\w t]cpw
sImss°≥ el-cn°v ASn-a-s∏-Sm≥
km[y-X-bp-s≠-∂mWv CXn-\¿Yw; AX-
√msX Ahn-sS-bp≈ 79 iX-am\w t]cp-
tSbpw Xe-hn[n sImss°≥ ASn-a-bm-
bn-Øo-cm-\mWv F∂-√. kzh¿Km-\p-cm-
Kn-I-fn¬ \S∂ ]T-\-Øn¬ \n∂p a\-
 n-em-hp-∂Xpw as‰m-∂√. kzh¿Km-\p-
cmKw A\p-h-Zn-°-s∏-Sp∂ kaq-l-Øn¬
kml-N-cyhpw kµ¿`hpw HØp-h-cn-I-
- m-hp- bm-sW-¶n¬ Hcmƒ kzh¿K-ssew-Kn-Xb - n-
se-Øn-s∏-Sm-\p≈ km[yX am{X-amWv
{]kvXpX ]T-\-߃ hy‡-am-°p-∂-Xv.
"tK Po\n's\ Is≠-Øn-sb∂v sIm´n-
tLm-jn-°-s∏´ tUmIvS¿ Un≥ lma¿
- ∂- t]mepw C°mcyw kΩ-Xn-®n-´p-≈X - m-Wv.
"Po\p-Iƒ lm¿Up-sh-b-dm-Wv... kzXz-
Øn\p th≠n-bp≈ k¿Iyq-´p-I-fn-eqsS
ssewKnI tkm^v‰p-shb¿ s{]mk v
sNø-s∏-Sp-∂Xp hgn-bmWv Pohn-Xm-\p-
`-h-ß-fpsS Um‰-bp-≠m-Ip-∂-Xv. ^mIvS-
dn-bn¬ \n∂v \n¿Ωn-°-s∏-´Xpw D]-tbm-
Kn-°p-∂-bmƒ Iq´n-t®¿°p-∂-Xp-amb
Imcy-߃ Hcpan®p tNcp-tºm-gmWv Hcp
Iw]yq-´¿ tkm^v‰vshb¿ D≠m-hp-∂-Xv
F∂-Xp-t]mse ssewKnI tkm^v‰vsh-
bdpw Po\p-If - p-sSbpw kml-Nc - y-ßf - ptS-
bpw an{in-XØ - n¬ \n∂mWv cq]-s∏-Sp-∂-
Xv F∂mWv Rm≥ Icp-Xp-∂X-Xv(31)
a\p-jy-cpsS ssewKn-Im-`n-\n-thiw
Po\p-If - m¬ \n¿W-bn-°s - ∏-Sp-∂X - m-sW-
∂ hmZ-Øn¬ Ig-ºn-s√∂ hkvXpX
lyqa¨ Pot\mw s{]mPIvSv Xe-h≥
tUm: {^m≥knkv Fkv tImfn≥kpw hy-
‡-am-°n-bn-´p-≠.v "a\p-jy-cpsS ]e kz`m-
h-k-hn-ti-j-X-Iƒ°pw ]n∂n¬ ]c-º-
cm-KX- X
- z-Øns‚ Hgn-hm-°m-\m-hmØ Hcp
Awi-ap-≠v... sshb-‡nI khn-ti-j-X-
I-fn-ep≈ ]c-ºc - m-KX
- X
- zsØIpdn®p ]T-
\-ß-fn¬ \n∂v s]mXp-hmb _u≤nI-
\ne-hm-c-Øn\v 50Dpw _ln- cp-∂-Xn\v A\p-k-cn®v Xe-
¿apJ-Xz-Øn\v 54Dw A\p-cq- t®mdpw hf-cp-∂p-≠v. bphm-
]y-Øn\v 42Dw Xpd-∂-k-ao- hm- I p- t ºm- t g°v icm- i cn
]-\-Øn\v 57Dw {]tIm-]-\- 1450 {Kmw Xq°- a p- ≠ m- h pw
Øn-\v 38Dw ]mc-ºc - ym-`n-ap-J- a\pjyakv X n- j v I - Ø n- \ v .
Xz-Øn\v 54Dw iX-am\w ]c- F∂m¬ \yqtdm-Wp-I-fpsS
º-cm-K-X-Xz-ap-s≠∂v a\- n- FÆ-Øn¬ Imcy-amb am‰-
em- ° n- b n- ´ p- ≠ v . .. kzh¿K- ß-sfm-∂p-ap-≠m-hp-∂n-√. akv-
ssew-Kn-I-X-bpsS P\n-X-Im- Xn-jvI-`m-c-Øn¬ BZy-am-k-
SnØd s]mXpP\-߃°v ß-fn¬ hºn® hf¿®-bm-Wp-
\√ Xm¬]-cy-ap-s≈mcp hn- tImi-߃°-IsØ t{Ima-tkm-ap-Iƒ° ≠m-hp-I. Hcp hb v Ign-bp-
j-b-am-Wv. BWp-ß-fpsS -IØv kzh¿K-ssew-Kn-I-X-bpsS Po\p-Iƒ tºm-tg°v `mcw 970 {Kmam-bn-
kzh¿K- s sew- K n- I - X - b n¬ Xnc-bp-∂-Xn\p ]Icw kz¥w ho´nepw hf¿- Øocpw. P\n-°p-tºm-gp-≈Xn-
]c-º-cm-K-X-Xz-Øns‚ LS- s‚ aq∂n-c-´n! c≠p hb- m-
I-߃°v Nne kzm[o-\-ß- ∂p-h∂ kml-N-cy-ß-fn-ep-ap≈ {Ia-`w-K-ß- hp-tºmtg°v 1120 {Kmapw aq-
fp≠v F∂v Cc-´-Isf Ipdn- fn¬ {]kvXpX Po\p-Iƒ At\z-jn-°p-hm≥ ∂mw hb- n¬ 1270 {Kmap-am-
® ]T-\-߃ Nne kqN-\I- an\-s°-´n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ {]iv\Ø - n\v {]mtbm- bn-Øo-cpw akvXn-jvI-`m-cw.
ƒ \¬In-bn-´p-≠v F∂Xv Kn-Ia - mb ]cn-lm-ca - p-≠m-°p-∂X - ns‚ {]Y-a- ]n∂o-Sp≈ hf¿® aµ-KX - n-bn-
Hcp hkvXp-X-bmWv. F∂m- em-Wv. ]{¥-≠p-h-b- mbn,
¬ P\-kw-Jy-bpsS c≠p ap- ]-Sns-b¶-pep-a-m-Ip-am-bn-cp∂p AXv.- Iuam-c-Øn-te°v ImseSp-
X-¬ \mep iX-am\w hsc Øp sh°m\mhp-tºm-tg°v
am{X-ap-≈ kzh¿K-{]-W-bn- akvXnjvI`mcw 1440 {Kmam-
I-fn¬ Ccp-]Xv iX-am-\Øn- bn- Ø o- ¿ ∂ncn- ° pw. ]ns∂
\v am{Xta {]kvXpX kz`m- akvXnjvI `mc-Øn\v Imcy-
h-ap≈ kZr-i-k-tlm-Z-c-\p- amb am‰-ß-sfm-∂p-ap-≠m-hp-
≈q-sh∂ hkvXpX ssewKn- I-bn-√. {]mb-]q¿Øn-sb-Øn-
Im-`n-\nthiw P\n-X-I-ambn b Hcm-fpsS icm-icn akvXn-
kzm[o-\n-°-s∏-Sm-sa-∂√m- jvI`mcw 1450 {Kmam-sW∂m-
sX AXv Un.-F≥.F-bn¬ tcJ-s∏-´p-In-S-°p-∂-X-s√-∂mWv Wv IW-°m-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. hb- m-bm¬ akvXnjvI`mcw
hy‡-am-°p-∂X - v. kl-Pm-`n-ap-Jy-sØ-bmWv AX-√msX ap≥ Ipd-bp-I-bmWv ]ns∂ sNøp-∂-Xv. Adp-]Xv hb- p≈ Hcm-
\n-›-b-sØ-b√ Po\p-Iƒ {]Xn-\n-[m\w sNøp-∂-Xv.(32) fpsS icm-icn akvXn-jvI-`mcw 1370 {Kmam-Wv.(34) {]mb-]q¿-
kzh¿Km-\p-cmKw P∑\m \n›-bn-°s - ∏-´X- m-sW∂hmZw Øn-bmb Hcm-fpsS akvXn-jvI-`m-c-Øns‚ icm-icn Ccp-]Xv
ASn-ÿm-\-c-ln-X-am-sW∂ hkvXpX a\- n-em-°n-°-gn-bp- iX-am-\-amWv P\-\-k-a-b-Øp≈ Abm-fpsS akvXn-jvI-
tºmƒ {][m-\-s∏´ Hcp {]iv\w Ah-ti-jn-°p-∂p. F¥p- `mcw. Hcph¿j-Øn-\p-≈n¬ Xs∂ AXv aq∂n-c´- n-bm-bn apXn-
sIm-≠mWv Nne kzh¿Km\p-cm-Kn-Iƒs°-¶nepw X߃ ¿∂-h-cpsS akvXn-jvI-`m-c-Øns‚ Adp-]Xv iX-am-\ambn-
P∑-\m Aßs\ Xs∂-bp-≈h - c
- m-sW∂v tXm∂p-∂Xv F∂ Øo-cp-∂p. arK-ß-fn¬ \n∂v a\p-jysc hyXn-cn-‡-am-°p∂
{]iv\w. kzh¿Km-\p-cmKw P\n-X-I-am-sW∂ hmZw Im]-Sy- {][m-\-s∏´ ssPhnIkhn-ti-j-X-I-fn-sem-∂m-Wn-Xv. {]mb-
Øn¬ \n∂p am{X-ambn Dbn¿s°m-≠-sXm-∂p-a-√. {]XypX ]q¿Øn-bmb Nnºm≥kn-bpsS akvXn-jvI-`m-c-Øns‚ GI-
X߃ kzh¿Km-\p-cm-Kn-If - mbn P\n-®h - c- m-sW∂ Nne-cpsS tZiw Adp-]Xv iX-am\w hcpw ]pXp-Xmbn P\n® Hcp Nnºm-
i‡-amb t_m[-Øn\v \ymbo-I-c-W-ap-≠m-°p-hm≥ th≠n- ≥kn-Ip-™ns‚ akvXn-jvI-`m-cw.(35) Nnºm≥kn-Ip™v hf-
bp≈ {ia-Øn¬ \n∂mWv {]kvXpX hmZw Dcp--Øn-cn-™n- cp-∂-tXmsS P∑-k-a-b-Øp≈ akvXn-jvI-Øns‚ ]Ip-Xn-
cn-°p-∂-Xv. {]kvXp-X t_m[-Øns‚ ASn-Ød Fs¥∂v bn¬ Ipdhv am{Xw h¿[n-°p-tºmƒ a\p-jy-Ip-™n\v h¿[-
]cn-tim-[n-°msX kzh¿Km-\p-cm-K-Øns‚ P\n-X-Im-Sn-Ød \hv A©n-c´- n-bm-Wv. a\p-jy-ak - vXn-jvIØ - ns‚ Ccp-]Xv iX-
\ntj-[n-°p∂ ]T-\-ß-sfm∂pw ]q¿W-am-hp-I-bn-√. AXv am\w P\n- ° p-t ºmƒ e`n-° p∂p; _m°n F¨]Xp iX-am-
]cn-tim-[n-°p-hm≥ \ΩpsS Ah-t_m-[-Øn\v \nan-Ø-amhp- \hpw P\- \ -Ø n\v tijw hf-c p-∂ p-s h∂v kmcw.
∂ am\-knI{]Xn-`m-k-߃ A]-{K-Yn-t°≠n hcpw. P\nX- akvXn-jvIØ - n\v Fßn-s\-bmWv Cu `mc-h¿[-\h - p-≠m-
I-Øn¬ \n∂v \mUo-im-kv{X-Øn-te°p (neuro science) hp-∂-sX∂p IqSn a\- n-em-°p-tºm-gmWv am\-kn-I-hn-Imk-
CØ-cw ]T-\-߃ hgn-am-dp-∂Xv Chn-sS-sh-®m-Wv. Øn¬ kml-Nc - y-߃°v F{X-tØmfw ]¶p-s≠∂v t_m[y-
a\p-jy¿ P\n-°p-tºmƒ Ah-cpsS akvXn-jvIØ - n\v icm- s∏-S p-
I . K¿`ÿ inip-hn\v ]Xn-t\gv BgvN {]mb-am-hptºm-
icn 330 {Kmw Xq°w ImWpw. GI-tZiw ]Xn-\m-bncw tImSn ƒ Xs∂ AXns‚ Xe-t®m-dn¬ \qdp-tImSn \yqtdm-Wp-I-fp-
\mUo-tIm-iß - f- mWv Cu ka-bØv Xe-t®m-dn-ep-≠m-hp-I. (33) ≠m- h pw. sk°‚n¬ Aº-Xn-\m-bncw F∂ tXmXn-emWv
temI-P-\-kw-Jy-bpsS GI-tZiw Ccp-]Xv Cc-´n. Ip´n hf- \yqtdm- W p-I -f psS ]p\-cp¬]m-Z-\w. P\\w Ign™v Ipd®p

2009 sk-]v-Xw-_¿- 18
\mfp-Iƒ°qSn am{Xta Cu tXmXn-ep≈
]p\-cp¬]m-Z\w \S-°q. ]ns∂-bXv aµ-
K-Xn-bn-em-hpw. \yqtdm-Wp-Iƒ°v Ah-
bpsS \yq¢n-bkv DƒsIm-≈p∂ tImi-
i-co-cØ - n¬ \n∂pw \ofp∂ sU≥ss{U-
‰p- I ƒ (dendrites) F∂- d n- b - s ∏- S p∂
imJ-I-fp-≠v. Htcm \yqtdmWns‚bpw
sU≥ss{U- ‰ p- I ƒ a‰p \yqtdm- W p- I -
fpambn kvt\m]vkp-Iƒ (synopse) F∂-
dn-bs- ∏-Sp∂ hb-dnw-Kn-eqsS _‘w ÿm-
]n-°p-∂p. Hcp \yqtdm-Wn\v Cßs\
]Xn-\ø - m-bn-ct- Ømfw \yqtdm-Wp-If - mbn
_‘w ÿm]n- ° m- \ m- h pw. (P- \ n- ° p-
tºmƒ CXv c≠m- b n- c Øn A™qdv
am{X-am-Wv) P\-\-Øn\p tijw {][m-
\-ambpw \S-°p-∂Xv Cu _‘w- ÿm-
]n-°emWv. Cßs\ _‘w ÿm]n-°-
s]-Sp-tºmƒ kvt\m]vkp-I-fpsS FÆw
h¿[n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°pw. P\n-®p-I-gn-™v
F´p-amkamIp-tºm-tg°v Xe-t®m-dn-\-
IØv \qdp-tImSn kvt\m]vkp-Is - f-¶nepw
cq]w {]m]n-®n-´p-≠m-Ipw. aq∂p-h-b- m-
hp-tºm-tg°v Ip´n-bpsS Xe-t®m-dn¬
]ØvtImSn-t°m-Sn(1000 trillions) kvt\m-
]vkp-Iƒ cq]-s∏-´n-cn-°pw. Hcp apXn¿∂-
bm-fpsS Xe-t®m-dn¬ CXns‚ ]Ip-Xn-
bn-e[ - nIw kvt\m]vkp-Itf ImWq. Ip´n-
°v ]Xn-s\m∂v hb- m-Ip-∂-tXmsS \S-
°p∂ kvt\m]vXnI sh´n HXp-°-eneq-
sS (synaptic pruning) Bh-iy-an-√mØ
kvt\m]vkp-Iƒ \in-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-
sIm-≠m-Wn-Xv.(36) kvt\m]vkp-I-fpsS F-
Æ-h¿[-\-hmWv BZy-am-k-ß-fnse akv-
Xn-jvI-`mcw h¿[n-°p-∂-Xns‚ Imc-W-
ßfn-sem-∂v.
\mw t\Sn-sb-Sp-°p∂ hnh-c-߃
akv-XnjvIw tiJ-cn-®p-sh-°p-∂Xv kv-
t\m]vkp-Iƒ°-I-Øm-Wv. aq∂p-h-b p
hsc-bp≈ kv\m]vXnI hf¿®-°n-Sbv°v
Ip´n Xs‚ Np‰p-]m-Sp-I-fn¬ \n∂pw km-
l-N-cy-ß-fn¬ \n∂pambn X\n-°m-h-iy-
amb ASn-ÿm\ \S-]-Sn-Iƒ t\Sn-sb-Sp-
°p-∂p. Cu ka-bØ - n-\I - Øv e`n-°p∂
hnh-cß - f- psS shfn-®Ø - n-em-bn-cn°pw X-
s‚ `mhn-Ime Pohn-XØ - nse icnbpw sX-
‰pw Ip´n Xocp-am-\n-°p-∂-Xv. Ahs‚
ASn-ÿm\ [m¿an-I-X-bpsS ASn-Ød
Cu hnh-c-ß-fm-Wv. aq∂p-h-b- n-\n-S-bn-
emWv a\p-jy-°p™v Ahs‚ Pohn-X-
\n-e] - mSv (life position) Xocp-am-\n-°p-∂Xv
F∂mWv hn\n-ab - m-]{- K-Y\ hnZ-KZv [∑m¿
(transactional analysts) ]d-bp-I. Xs∂-
2009 sk-]v-Xw-_¿-
kzh¿Km-\p-cm-K-Øn\v \nb-a-]-cn-c£ \¬Ip-hm≥ {ian-°p
-∂-h¿ C¥ysb kzh¿K-ssew-Kn-I-X-bpsS tIfo-cw-K-am-°p-
∂-Xn-\p≈ \mS-bmWv apdn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. IqSp-X¬ t]sc
kzh¿Km-\p-cm-Kn-I-fm-°n-Øo¿°p∂ kmaq-lym-¥-co-£-Øn-
s‚ DZv-Lm-S\w! kz¥w a°ƒ hsc kzh¿K-c-Xn-°m-cmbn-
Øo-cp-hm-≥ km[y-X-bp≈ at\m-˛-cm-k-{]-h¿Ø-\-߃°v
D¬t{]-c-I-am-bn-Øo-cp-I-bmWv Xß-fpsS hn[n-\ym-b-ßsf-
∂v Ah¿ Adn-bp-∂n-√
bpw Xs‚ Np‰p-ap≈ temI-tØbpw Ipdn-
® ASn-ÿm-\] - c
- a
- mb ho£Ww cq]-s∏-
Sp∂ Ime-amWv aq∂p-h-b p hsc-bp≈
ssiih Imesa-∂¿Yw. C°m-eØv
Xs‚ amXm-]n-Xm-°fpw Xs‚bpw Np‰pap-
≈ a‰p- ≈ - h cpw Xm≥ ImWp- ∂ Xpw
tIƒ°p-∂Xpw aW-°p-∂Xpw cpNn°p∂-
Xpw A\p-`h - n-°p-∂X - p-amb Imcy-ßf - n¬
\¬Ip∂ hnh-c-ß-fn¬ \n∂mWv Ip´n
Xm≥ Bcm-sW∂v a\- n-em-°p-∂Xpw
F¥m-bn-Øo-c-W-sa∂v Xocp-am-\n-°p-∂-
Xpw. Xm≥ `mhn-Po-hn-X-Øn¬ Fßs\
A`n-\-bn-°-W-sa∂ Pohn-X-kv{In-]v‰n-
s‚ cq]o-I-c-Ww (formation of life script)
\S-°p∂ ka-b-amWv aq∂p-h-b- p-h-sc-
bp≈ hf¿®m-Im-e-sa-∂¿Yw.(37)
Xm≥ Xs∂ cq]o-Ic - n® Pohn-Xk - v{In-
]v‰ns‚ shfn-®-Øn¬ Xs‚ Np‰p-]mSpap-
≈ temI-tØmSv Ip´n kwh-Zn-°m-\m-cw-
`n-°p-∂Xv aq∂v hb p apX-em-Wv. t_m-
[-]q¿∆-amb {]Xn-Ic - W
- ß - f - p-tSbpw kw-
th-Z-\-Øn-s‚bpw ka-b-am-Wn-Xv. GI-
tZiw Iuam-cØ - n-se-Øp-∂Xp hsc Cu
]T-\-{]-Xn-I-cW Imew XpS-cp-∂p. kv-
t\m]vkp-I-fpsS hf¿®m-\n-c°v Ipd-sh-
¶nepw Xmc-Xt- ay\ tami-a√ - mØ hf¿®
\S-°p∂ Imew-X-s∂-bm-Wn-Xv. C°m-
eØv Xm≥ cq]o-Ic - n® kv{In]v‰ns‚ sh-
fn-®Ø
- n¬ Ip´n-temIsØ Adn-bp-Ibpw
Dƒs°m-≈p-Ibpw AXn-t\mSv {]Xn-I-cn-
°p-Ibpw AXn-\-\p-k-cn®v {]Xn-{]h-
¿Øn-°p-Ibpw Xm≥ Bcm-sW∂v kzbw
Xocp-am-\n-°p-Ibpw temIsØ sXcy-s∏-
Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.(38) Xe-t®m-dns‚
πmÃn-IX (neuro plasticity) G‰-hp-a[n-
Iw {]I-Sa - m-hp∂ ka-ba - m-Wn-Xv. e`n°p-
∂ hnh-cß - ƒ°p-\p-kr-Xa - mbn Xe-t®m¿
]mI-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\mWv \yqtdm-πm-kvXn-I-
X-sb∂v ]d-bp-∂X - v.(39) P\n-XI - a- mbn e`n-
19
® ]mc-º-cy-ßsf Xs‚ {]Ir-Xn°p
Np‰p-]m-Sp-Iƒ°p-a-\p-k-cn®v sacp-°n-sb-
Sp-°p∂ {]{In-bbpw \S-°p-∂Xv C°m-
e-Øm-Wv. aq∂mw hb- n-se-gp-Xp∂
kv{In-]v‰v ]pXp°n Fgp-Xp-∂Xv Iuam-
c-Øn\v sXm´p-ap-ºm-sW-∂mWv hn\n-a-
tbm-]-{K-Y\ hnZ-KvZ-∑m¿ ]d-bp-I.(40) C-
tXm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bmWv Xm≥ F¥m-sW∂pw
Fßn-s\-bm-h-W-sa-∂p-ap≈ t_m[w
a\- n¬ ]Xn-bp-∂-Xv. {]kvXpX t_m[-
Øn\v hnt[-b-am-bn-´m-bn-cn°pw ]n∂o-Sp-
≈ Abm-fpsS {]h¿Ø-\-߃.
Xe-t®m-dns\ Hcp Iw]yq-´-dn-t\mSv
D]-an-°m-sa-¶n¬ P\n-°ptºmƒ e`n-°p-
∂Xv AXns‚ lm¿Uvsh-bd - n-\m-hi- y-am-
b LS-Iß - ƒ (components) am{X-am-Wv.
Cu LS-I-߃ Iq´n-tbm-Pn-∏n®v Iw]yq-
´- d m- ° n- Ø o¿°p∂tXmsSm∏w Xs∂
AXns‚ "Hm∏-td-‰nwKv knÃw'-IqSn cq]-
s∏-Sp-∂Xv aq∂p hb- p-hs - c-bp≈ Ime-
b-f-hnepw a‰p -tkm-^v‰p-sh-b-dp-Ifpw
ASn-ÿm\ t{]m{Km-ap-Ifpw cq]o-I-cn-°-
s∏-Sp-∂Xv Iuamcw hsc-bp≈ Ime-Øp-
am-Wv. AXp Ign-™m¬ ]ns∂ D≈
t{]m{Km-ap-I-fpsS shfn-®-Øn-ep≈ {]h-
¿Ø-\-ß-fmWv \S-°p-I.
kzh¿Km-\p-cm-Kn-If - mb Nne¿s°-¶n-
epw Xß-fp-sS Xe-hn-[n-bmWv AsX∂v
tXm∂p-∂Xpw AXv am‰-W-sa∂v B{K-
l-ap-≠m-bn´pw am‰m≥ Ign-bm-Ø-Xp-sa-
√mw AXv P\n-XI - a
- mWv F∂-Xn\v sXfn-
hmbn D≤-cn-°s - ∏-Sm-dp-≠v. kzh¿K-ssew-
Kn-I-Xbv°-\p-kr-X-ambn a\- ns\ cq]-
s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xpw _mey-Im-em-\p-`h - ß- f- n-
epw kml-N-cy-ß-fnepw amXm-]n-Xm-°-
fp-sS CS-s]-S-ep-I-fnepw I≠ sSen-hn-
j≥ Nn{X-ß-fnepw tI´ tdUntbm {]-
t£-]-W-ß-fn-ep-sa-√m-amWv, {]kvXpX
kzh¿Km-\p-cm-K-Øns‚ hnØp-Iƒ A-
t\z-jn-t°-≠-Xv; tImi-߃°-IsØ
t{Ima-tkm-ap-Iƒ°-IØv kzh¿K-ssew-
Kn-I-X-bpsS Po\p-Iƒ Xnc-bp-∂-Xn\p
]Icw kz¥w ho´nepw ho´p-Im-cnepw hf-
¿∂p-h∂ kml-Nc - y-ßf - n-ep-ap≈ {Ia-`w-
K-ß-fn¬ {]kvXpX Po\p-Iƒ At\z-jn-
°p-hm≥ an\-s°-´n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ {]iv\-
Øn\v {]mtbmKn-I-amb ]cn-lm-c-ap-≠m-
°p-∂-Xns‚ {]Y-a-]-Sn-bm-Ip-am-bn-cp∂p
AXv. F∂m¬ kzh¿Km-\p-cmK Po\ns\
At\z-jn®v Kth-j-W-ß-fn-te¿s∏-Sp∂
]e¿°p-am-hiyw {]iv\-]-cn-lm-c-a-√, {]-
XypX Xß-fpsS sshIr-Xß - ƒ°v kmaq-
lym-wKo-Imcw t\Sn-sb-Sp-°p-I-bmWv
F∂-Xm-Wt√m kXyw.
Adn-b-s∏-Sp∂ kzh¿Km-\p-cm-Kn-Ifp-
sS Poh-N-cn-{X-Ip-dn-∏p-Iƒ kq£v-a-ambn
]cn-tim-[n-®m¬ Ah¿ Aßs\ Bbn-
Øo-cp-∂-Xn\v \nan-Ø-amb _mey-Im-em-
\p-`-h-߃ hy‡-ambn ImWm-\m-hpw.
B[p-\nIImesØ H∂m-asØ kzh¿K-
{]-Wb - n-bmbn Adn-bs - ∏-Sp∂ Imƒ Dƒ-
dn®vkns\ s]¨h- k v { X- ß - f p- S p- ∏ n®
amXmhpw Iuam-c-Øn¬ ssewKn-I-ambn
D]-tbm-Kn® IpXnc khm-cn- Kpcp-hp-amWv
At±-l-Øns‚ kzh¿Km-\p-cm-K-Øn\v
]n∂n¬ {]h¿Øn® LS-I-ß-sf∂v a\-
 n-em-hp-∂p-≠v. kzh¿Km-\p-cm-KnIƒ-
°mbn kwL-S-\-bp-≠m-°nb BZy- hy-
‡n-bmb tUm: amK-v\kv ln¿®vkv ^o¬-
Upw GI-tZiw CtX kmaq-ly-km-l-N-
cy-ß-fpsS krjvSn-bm-Wv. Xs‚ B{K-
l- ß ƒs°√mw FXn¿ \n¬°p∂
]nXmhpw Xcw-In-´p-tºm-sg√mw ]oUn-∏n-
°p∂ A[ym-]I - cpw IqSn-bm-bn-cn-°Ww
BZy Ata-cn-°≥ kzh¿Km-\p-cmK kw-
L-S\ - °v {]tNm-Z\ - a- m-bn-Øo¿∂ F-tΩm
tKmƒUvkvams‚ kzh¿Km-\p-cmK hy-
‡n-XzsØ cq]-s∏-Sp-Ønb-Xv. kzh¿Km-
\p-cm-Kn-I-fpsS Ah-Im-i-߃°p-th≠n
hmZn®v {it≤-b-\m-bn-Øo¿∂ lmcntl-
bpsS tK hy‡nXzhpw cq]-s∏-Sp-∂Xv
X-s∂ ]oUn-∏n-°p-hm≥ th≠n Imc-W-
ß-fp-≠m-°p∂ ]nXm-hns‚ {]h¿Ø-\-
ß-fn¬ \n∂m-Wv. BZy Ata-cn-°≥
kzh¿K-{]-W-bn\o kwL-Øns‚ Xe-
∏-Øp-≠m-bn-cp∂ sUtdmØn sU¬
am¿´ns‚ sekv_n-b≥ hy‡n-Xz-Øns‚
cq]o- I - c - W - a p- ≠ m- h p- ∂ Xv Hm¿Øn- c n-
°msX ]ncn-tb≠n h∂ `¿Øm-hn-t\m-
Sp≈ A\p-cm-K-Øn¬ \n∂m-sW∂v a\-
 n- e m- h p- ∂ p- ≠ v . CXp- t ]m- s e- Ø s∂
2009 sk-]v-Xw-_¿-
th≠ ka-bØv th≠-cq-]-Øn-ep-ff
NnIn¬k In´m-Ø-XmWv ]e kzh¿Km-
\p-cm-Kn-I-fp-tSbpw B hy‡n-Xz-Øn\v
\nan-Ø-am-b-sX∂v ImWm-\m-hpw.
kzh¿K-cXn \nb-a-hn-t[-bambcm-
jv{S-ß-fn¬ {]kvXpX sshIr-X-Øn-
te°v ]pXnb Xe-apd BI¿jn-°s - ∏Sm-
\p≈ km[yX h¿[n-°p-I-bmWv sNøp-
I. aq∂p-hb -   - n-\n-S°v Hcmƒ°p e`n°p-
∂ Adn-hp-If - mWv Abm-fpsS hy‡nXzw
cq]o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬ {][m-\-s∏´ ]¶p-h-
ln- ° p- ∂ - s X∂v \mw a\-   n- e m- ° n.
kzh¿Km-\p-cm-K-Øn\v kmaq-ln-Imw-Ko-
Imcw e`n-°p-tºmƒ Ip´n-Iƒ°v kzh¿K-
ssew-Kn-I-X-°-\p-Iq-e-amb hnh-c-ß-
fmWv Np‰p-]m-Sp-I-fn¬ \n∂v e`n-°p-I.
ssii-h-Øn¬ Xs∂ kzh¿Km-\p-cmK-
sØ hn{K-l-h¬°-cn-°p∂ Adn-hp-Iƒ
e`n-°p∂ Hcmƒ AØ-c-samcp hy‡n-
Xz-Øns‚ DS-a-bmbnØocp-hm-\p≈ km-
[yX hf-sc-°q-Sp-X-em-Wv. am[y-a-߃
\¬Ip∂ hnh-c-ßfpw amXm-]n-Xm-°-
fpsS kao-]-\-ßfpw Np‰p-]m-Sp-I-fn¬
\n∂v B¿÷n-s®-Sp-°p∂ Adn-hp-Ifpw
IqSn kzh¿Km-\p-cm-K-Øn\\p-Iq-e-amb
at\m-\n-e-hm-c-ap-≠m-°nb Ip´n°v kvIq-
fn¬ \n∂v AXn\v A\p-Iq-e-amb Hcp
"X-≈v'IqSn In´n-bm¬ Ah≥ AXns‚
ASn-ab- m-bn-Øo-cpw. kzh¿Km-\p-cm-KØ - n-
\v \nb-a-]-cn-c£ \¬Ip-hm≥ {ian-°p-
∂-h¿ C¥ysb kzh¿K-ssew-Kn-I-X-
bpsS tIfo-cw-K-am-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ \mS-
bmWv apdn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. IqSp-X¬ t]sc
kzh¿Km- \ p- c m- K n- I - f m- ° n- Ø o¿°p∂
kmaq-lym-¥-co-£-Øns‚ D¬Lm-S\w!
kz¥w a°ƒ hsc kzh¿K-c-Xn-°m-cm-
bn-Øo-cp-hm-≥ km[y-X-bp≈ at\m-˛-cm-
k-{]-h¿Ø-\-߃°v D¬t{]-c-I-am-bn-
Øo-cp-I-bmWv Xß-fpsS hn[n-\ym-b-ß-
sf∂v Ah¿ Adn-bp-∂n-√. kzh¿Km-\p-
cm-KsØ am\y-h¬°-cn-°p∂ km{am-Py-
Xz-am-[y-a-ß-fpsS ho™ns‚ elcn A-
{X-tØmfw amc-I-am-sW-∂¿Yw!
d-^-d≥-kv-:
1. In the HighCourt of Delhi at New Delhi. WP(C)
No: 7455/2001 Date of decision 2nd July 2009
2. www.absoluteastronomy.com/topics/LGBT
3. www.library.yale.edu/rsc/gayles/gayminor.html
4. Gray J Gates: Same-sex Couples and the Gay
Lesbian Bisexual Population: New Estimates
from the American Community Survey (Octo
ber 1,2006)
5. Dr. Harry Benjamin MD, TheTranssexual Phe
nomenon (1966)
20
6. Ibid Page 46-54
7. Science 253, 30 August 1991
8. Nature 378, 02 November 1995
9. Procedings of the National Academy of Science
USA, March 1998
10. Newsweak 31, March 2000
11. http:// mitpress.mit.edu/jrnls-catalog/cont-
neuro.html
12. www.cwfa.org/images/content/born or bred.pdf
13. www.sciencemag.org/content/vol 261/issue
5119.pdf
14. Science 23 April 1999 Vol 284 Pages 665-667
15. http:// news.bbc.co.uk/2/ni/science/nature/
325979.stm
16. www.skeptictauk.org/gaugene.htm
17. Baker.c: Behavioural Genetics (2004) Page 2-17
18. R. Plomin, J. Defries &G. Mc Clearn: Behavioural
Genetics A Primer (1980) Page 374
19. Baker. C:Opt Cit Page 16,17
20. Science 12 October 1990; Behaviour Genetics
31 January 2005
21. Peter Schonemann: Models and Muddles of
Heritability (1997) Pages 97-108
22. Ridely M: Nature via Nature: Genes, Experience
and What Makes.us human (2003) Pages 82-96
23. Archieves of General Psychiatry, 48 (1991)
Pages 1089-1096
24. C. Patterson& D Augelli: Lesbian, Gay and Bi
sexual Identities in Families (2003) Page 3-21
25. J.M Bailey & K. Dawood: Behavioural Genet
ics, Sexual Orientation and the Family (1998)
Page 9-13
26. Journal of Social Personality and Psychology
Vol: 78, (2000) Page 524-536
27. E. Stein: The Mismeasure of Desine: The Sci
ence, Theory and Ethics of Sexual Orientation
(1999) page 58
28. C. Baker: Behavioural Genetics: An Introduc
tion to How Genes and Environments in treat
through Development to Shape Difference in
Modd, Personality and Intelligence (2004) Page
17,18
29. Sarah Blaffer Hrdy: Mother Natura (2000)
Page 246
30. Brittish Journel of Psychiatry Vol: 173 (1998)
Page 345-350
31. Dean Hamer & P Copeland: The Science of
Desine (1994) Page 64
32. Dr. Francis S Collims: The Language of God; A
Scientist Present Evidence for Belief (2006) Page
33. The Scientific American Book of the Brain (1999)
Page 3
34. MaGills Medical Guide (1998) Page 219-222
35. Susan Hart: Brain, Attachement, Personality: An
Introduction to Neuro Affective Devolepment
(2008) Page 49
36. http:// Faculty.washington.edu/chulder/
plast.html
37. Marian Fatout: Models for Change in Social
Group Work (1992)/Page 115-118
38. Thomas A Harris: I am Ok You are Ok (1972)
39. D. Drubach: The Brain Explained (2000)
40. www.itaa.net.org/ta/keyideas.htm
 kzh¿K-cXoNcn{Xw;
h¿Ø-am-\-Øn\p≈ ]mTw
A_q AXzo^v amU ■-
{InkvXphn\v 2400 h¿j-߃°p-apºv
CuPn-]vXnse A©mw cmP-hw-i-Øn¬
s]´ ^tdmhbmbn-cp∂ Xnbq-sk¿sd cmPm-
hns‚ tkh-I-cm-bn-cp∂ Jv\wtlm-sS∏pw
\nbm≥ JvJv\pΩp-amWv Ncn-{X-Øn¬ Adn-
b-s∏-´n--S-tØm-f-ap≈ BZysØ kzh¿Km-
\p-cm-Kn-I-sf-∂mWv ]pcm-hkvXpimkv{X-
⁄-\mb tXmakv F Uu-k¨ Fgp-Xp-
∂-X.v(1) cmP-k-Z-kn¬ \S-°p∂ \rØ-k-Z-
 p-I-fn¬ Ah¿ H∂n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xm-bp≈
Nn{Xhpw c≠p-t]cpw aq°p-Iƒ ap´n-®p-
sIm≠p \S-Øp∂ Benw-K\ - Øns‚ Nn{X-
hp-amWv Ah¿ kzh¿Km\p-cm-Kn-If - m-sW∂
\nK-a-\-Øn\v \nZm-\w. kl-{]-h¿Ø-I-cp-
sS kvt\l-{]-I-S\w F∂-Xn-ep-]-cn-bmbn
kzh¿Km-\p-cm-K-Øns‚ e£-W-sam∂pw
{]kvXpX Nn{X-ß-fn¬ Cs√∂v Ah I-
≠m¬ hy‡-am-hpw.(2) c≠p t]tcbpw Htc
ih-Ip-So-c-Øn-emWv AS°w sNbvXn-´p-≈-
sX∂ hkvXp-X(3) Ah-cpsS kzh¿K-{]-W-
b-Øn\v sXfn-hm-°p-∂Xpw AXn-i-tbm-
‡n]c-am-Wv. CuP]vjy≥ htc-Wy-cpsS
ih-Ip-So-cß - f
- mb akvX_
- I
- f - n¬ NneXn¬
2009 sk-]v-Xw-_¿-
H∂n-e-[nIw t]cpsS ih-Ip-So-c-ßfps≠-
∂-XmWv hkvXp-X.(4) ]pcm-hkvXptcJ-Isf
A\p-Iq-e-ambn hymJym-\n®v kzh¿Km-\p-
cm-KsØ a\p-jym-cw`w apX¬ \ne-\n∂
ssewKn-Im-`n-\n-th-i-am-sW∂v hcp-Øn-
Øo¿°p-hm-\p≈ {ia-amWv CuPn-]vjy≥
lntcm-•n-^p-If
- n¬ kzh¿K-ssew-Kn-IX Xn-
c-bp-∂-Xn\p ]n∂n-ep≈sX∂mWv {]kvXp-
X tcJIƒ ]cn-tim-[n-®m¬ t_m[y-s∏-
SpI.
eqØv \_nbpsS kap-Zm-ba - mWv kz-
h¿K-c-Xnsb ssewKn-Im-kzm-Z-\-Øn\v D]-
tbm-Kn® BZysØ kap-Zm-bs - a-∂mWv Jp¿-
B≥ hy‡-am-°p-∂-Xv.
""eqØns\bpw (\mw Ab®p) At±lw
Xs‚ P\XtbmSv, \n߃°v apºv temI-
cn¬ Hcmfpw Xs∂ sNbvXn´n√mØ Cu
\oNhrØn°v \n߃ sN√pItbm? F∂v
]d™ kµ¿`w (Hm¿°pI) kv{XoIsf hn-
´v ]pcpj≥amcpsS ASpØv Xs∂ \nß-ƒ
ImahnImctØmsS sN√p∂p. A√, \nß-
ƒ AXncphn´v {]h¿Øn°p∂ Hcp P\X-
bmIp∂p. Chsc \nßfpsS \m´n¬ \n∂p
]pdØm°pI, Ch¿ ]cnip≤n]men°p∂
BfpIfmIp∂p F∂p]d™Xv am{Xam-
21
 ]pcm- h kv X ptcJ- I sf A\p- I q- e - a mbn
hymJym-\n®v kzh¿Km-\p-cm-KsØ a\p-
jym-cw`w apX¬ \ne-\n∂ ssewKn-Im-`n-
\n-th-i-am-sW∂v hcp-Øn-Øo¿°p-hm-\p-
≈ {ia-amWv,- CuPn-]vjy≥ lntcm-•n-^p-
I-fn¬ kzh¿K-ssew-Kn-IX Xnc-bp-∂-Xn-
\p ]n∂n-ep≈sX∂mWv tcJIƒ ]cn-tim-
[n-®m¬ t_m[y-s∏-Sp-I.

bncp∂p At±lØns‚ P\XbpsS
adp]Sn.'' (7:80-˛82)
kzh¿K-cX - n-°m-cmb ktZmw Ktamdm
tZi-°msc ssZhw \in-∏n-®-Xmbn D¬-
]Øn ]pkvXIw hy-‡-am-°p-∂p. {]kv-
XpX \misØ Ipdn® ss__nƒ hnh-
cWw {i≤n-°p-I.
""sshIp-t∂-c-am-b-t∏mƒ B c≠p
ZqX-∑m¿ tkmtZm-an¬ sN∂p. temØv
\K-c-hm-Xn¬°¬ Ccn-°p-bm-bn-cp-∂p.
Ah- s c- ° - ≠ - t ∏mƒ temØv Ahsc
FXn-tc¬°m-\mbn Fgp-t∂‰v sN∂v
\new- ] s‰ XmWp- h - W - ß n. Ah≥
]d™p: bP-am-\-∑mtc, Zmks‚ ho´n-
te°v h∂mepw, Im¬I-gp-In cm{Xn Chn-
sS Xßp-I. cmhnse Ggp-t∂‰v bm{X
Xp-S-cmw. Ah¿ adp-]Sn ]d™p: th≠,
cm{Xn R߃ sXcp-hn¬ Ign-®p-sIm-
≈mw. Ah≥ hfsc \n¿_-‘n-®-t∏mƒ
Ah≥ Ahs‚ ho´n-te°v t]mbn. Ah-
≥ Ah¿s°mcp hncp-s∂m-cp-°n. ]pfn-
∏n-√mØ A∏hpw D≠m°n. Ah¿ AXp
`£n-®p.
Ah¿ InS°pw apsº tkmtZmw \K-
c-Øns‚ F√m `mKØpw \n∂v bphm-
°≥am¿ apX¬ hr≤-∑m¿ hsc-bp≈
F√m-hcpw h∂v hoSp hf-™p. Ah¿
temØns\ hnfn®p ]d™p: cm{Xn \n-
s‚-bS- p-°¬ h∂-hs - c-hnsS? R߃°v
Ah-cp-ambn kpJ-t`m-K-ß-fn-te¿s∏-tS-
≠-Xn\v Ahsc ]pd-Øp- sIm-≠p-h-cn-I.
temØv ]pd-Øn-d-ßn. IX-I-S-®n´v Ah-
cpsS ASp-tØ°v sN∂p. Ah≥ ]d-
™p: ktlm-Zc - t- c, CØcw tæ—X Im´-
cp-sX∂v Rm≥ \nß-tfmSv bmNn-°p-∂p.
]pcp-j-kv]¿i-ta¬°mØ c≠p s]¨-
a-°ƒ F\n-°p-≠v. Ahsc \n߃°v
hn´pXcmw. CjvSw-t]mse Ah-tcmSv
sNbvXp-sIm-≈p-I. ]t£ Cu ]pcp-j-
∑msc am{Xw H∂pw sNø-cp-Xv. Fs¥-
∂m¬, Ah¿ Fs‚ AYn-Xn-I-fm-Wv.
amdn-\n¬°q. Ah¿ A´-l-kn-®p. ]c-tZ-
in-bmbn h∂h≥ \ymbw hn[n-°p-hm≥
Hcp-ßp∂p! Ah-tcm-sS-∂-Xn-t\-°mƒ
tami-ambn \nt∂mSpw R߃ s]cp-am-
dpw. Ah¿ temØns\ i‡n- b mbn
X≈n-am‰n hmXn¬ X√n-s∏m-fn-°m≥
sN∂p. ]t£, temØns‚ AXn-Yn-Iƒ
ssI\o´n Ahs\ hen®v ho´n-\p-≈n-em-
°n-bn´v hmXneS®p. hmXn¬°-ep-≠m-bn-
cp∂ F√m-h-scbpw Ah¿ A‘-cm-°n.
Ah¿ hmXn¬ X∏n-Ø-S™p he-™p.
B c≠pt]¿ temØn-t\mSv ]d-™p:
Ch-sc-°q-SmsX \n\°v Bsc-¶nepw
Chn-sS-bpt≠m? ]p{X-∑m¿, ]p{Xn-Itfm
acp-a-°tfm a‰m-sc-¶n-eptam \K-c-Øn¬
Ds≠-¶n¬ F√m-h-scbpw DS≥ ]pdØp
IS-Øn-s°m-≈p-I. Cu ÿew Rß-ƒ
\in-∏n-°p-hm≥ t]mhp-I-bm-Wv. Chn-Sp-
sØ P\-߃s°-Xnsc cq£-amb \ne-
hnfn I¿Øm-hns‚ apºn-se-Øn-bn-cn-°p-
∂p. ChnsS \in-∏n-°m≥ I¿Ømhv R-
ßsf Ab-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. DSs\ tem-
Øv Xs‚ ]p{Xn-amsc hnhmlw sNøm-
\n-cp∂-h-cpsS ASpØv sN∂v ]d™p:
Fgp-t∂‰v DSs\ ÿew hn´p t]mhp-I.
I¿Ømhv Cu \Kcw \in-∏n-°m≥ t]m-
hp-I-bm-Wv. F∂m¬ Ah≥ Xami ]d-
bp-I-bm-sW-∂s{X Ah¿°v tXm∂n-b-
Xv. t\cw ]pe¿∂-t∏mƒ ZqX-∑m¿ tem-
Øn-t\mSv ]d-™p. Fgp-t∂‰v `mcy-sb-
bpw s]¨a-°ƒ c≠p-t]-scbpw Iq´n
thKw ]pd-s∏-Sp-I. As√-¶n¬ \K-c-
tØm-sSm∏w \nßfpw \in®p t]mIpw.
F∂m¬ Ah¿ aSn®p \n∂p. I¿Øm-
hn\v Aht\mSv IcpW tXm∂n-b-Xp-
sIm≠v B a\p-jy¿ Ah-s\bpw `mcy-
sbbpw a°-sfbpw ssI°p ]nSn®p \K-
c-Øn\v ]pd-Øp-sIm-≠p-t]m-bn hn´p.
Ah-sc ]pd-Øp-sIm≠pt]m∂p hn´-Xn\v
tijw Ah-cn-sem-cp-h≥ ]d™p: Poh-
≥ thW-sa-¶n¬ HmSn-t∏m-hp-I. ]n≥Xncn-
™p t\m°-cp-Xv. Xmgvhc-bn-seßpw
Xßp-I-bp-a-cp-Xv. ae-ap-I-fn-te°v HmSn
c£-s∏-Sp-I. As√-¶n¬ \n߃ sh¥p
\in-°pw. temØv ]d™p: ""bP-am-\t\
Aßs\ ]d-b-cp-Xv. Rm≥ Aß-bpsS
{]oXn°v ]m{X-am-b-t√m. Fs‚ Poh≥
c£n-°p-∂-Xn¬ Ahn-Sp∂v henb Imcp-
Wy-amWv ImWn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. F∂m¬,
ae-bn¬ HmSn-°-bdn c£-s∏-Sm≥ F\n-
°p hø. A]-ISw Fs∂ ]nSn-IqSn F-
∂p- R-m≥- `b-s∏-Sp-∂p. CXm, B ImWp-
∂ ]´-Ww HmSn c£-s∏-Sm-hp-∂{X ASp-
Øm-Wv. sNdp-Xm-Wv. Rm≥ Atßm´v
HmSn-c-£-s∏-´p-sIm-≈-s´?˛ AXp sNdp-
Xm-W-t√m˛ Aßs\ F\n°v Poh≥
c£n-°mw. Ah≥ ]d-™p: icn, A°m-
cyhpw Rm-≥ kzoI-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. thK-
am-h-s´, A-tßm´v HmSn c£-s∏-SpI, \o
Ahn-sS-sb-Øpw-hsc F\n-s°m∂pw
sNøm-\m-hn-√. B ]´-WØ - n\v tkmhm¿
F∂ t]cp-≠m-bn.
temØv tkmhm-dn¬ FØn-b-t∏mƒ
kqcy≥ DZn®p Ign-™n-cp-∂p. I¿Ømhv
BIm-iØv \n∂v tkmtZm-anepw tKmam-
dm-bnepw A·nbpw K‘-Ihpw h¿jn-
®p. B ]´-W-ß-sfbpw Xmgvhc-sbbpw
Ah-bnse \nhm-kn-Is - fbpw kky-eX - m-
Zn-Is
- fbpw Ahn-Sp∂v \mam-ht- i-ja
- m-°n.
temØns‚ `mcy Ahs‚ ]ndsI hcp-
I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Ahƒ ]n≥Xncn™v t\m-
°n-b-XpsIm≠v Hcp D∏pXqWm-bn-Øo-
¿∂p.'' (D¬]Øn 19:1˛26)

2009 sk-]v-Xw-_¿- 22
 eqØns‚ kap-Zm-bsØ \in-∏n-
®- X n- s \- I p- d n®v Jp¿- B ≥ \nc- h [n
XhW hy‡-am-°p-∂p-≠v.
""\ΩpsS ZqX≥am¿ (ae°pIƒ) eq-
Øns‚ ASp°¬ sN∂t∏mƒ Ahcp-
sS ImcyØn¬ At±lØn\v ZpxJw
tXm∂pIbpw Ahsc ]‰n Nn¥n®n´v
At±lØn\v a\x{]bmkap≠mhpI-
bpw sNbvXp. CsXmcp hnjaIcamb
Znhkw Xs∂ F∂v At±lw ]dbpI-
bpw sNbvXp. eqØns‚ P\߃ At±-
lØns‚ ASptØ°v HmSnh∂p. apºp
Xs∂ Ah¿ Zp¿\S∏pImcmbncp∂p.
At±lw ]d™p: Fs‚ P\ßtf,

hnip-≤hpw im¥n-Zm-b-I-amb IpSpw-_-kw-hn-[m-\-Øn-\I

s
- Ø ssewKnIX°p-]I - cw \oNhpw \nIr-jvSh - p-amb kzh¿-
K-kw-t`m-K-Øns‚ ]mX Xnc-s™-Sp-Ø-h¿°v k¿∆-i-‡≥
\¬Inb in£bpsS Ah-in-jvSa - mWv NmhpI-S¬. AsXmcp
ZrjvSm-¥-am-Wv. {]Ir-Xn-hn-cp-≤-ssew-Kn-IX Poh-¬kv]¿i- fpsS IpSpw_sØbpw sIm≠v cm{Xnbn-
¬ A¬]kabw _m°nbp≈t∏mƒ bm-
ta¬-°mØ imco-cnI{Inb a - m-{X-am-sW∂v ]Tn-∏n-°p∂ Zrjv- {X sNbvXv sIm≈pI. Xm¶ƒ AhcpsS
Sm¥w. ]n∂mse A\pKan°pIbpw sNøpI.
\nßfn¬ Hcmfpw Xncn™v t\m°cpXv.
\n߃ I¬]n°s∏Sp∂ `mKtØ°v
CXm Fs‚ s]¨a°ƒ. AhcmWv bpw Ah¿°v (P\߃°v) h∂p `hn® \S∂v t]mbns°m≈pI. B Imcyw,
\n߃°v IqSpX¬ ]cnip≤nbp≈h¿. in£ Ahƒ°pw h∂p `hn°p∂Xm- AXmbXv {]`mXamIp∂tXmsS C°q´-
(Ahsc \n߃°v hnhmlw Ign°ma- Wv. Xo¿®bmbpw Ah¿°v \nivNbn® cpsS apcSpXs∂ apdn®p \o°s∏Sp∂-
t√m?) AXn\m¬ \n߃ A√mlpsh Ah[n {]`mXamIp∂p. {]`mXw ASp- XmWv F∂ Imcyw \mw At±lØn\v
kq£n°pIbpw Fs‚ AXnYnIfpsS Øv Xs∂bt√? Aßs\ \ΩpsS I¬- (eqØv \_n°v) JWvUnXambn Adn-
ImcyØn¬ Fs∂ A]am\n°mXncn- ]\ h∂t∏mƒ B cmPysØ \mw Iogv- bn®v sImSpØp.
°pIbpw sNøpI. \nßfpsS Iq´Øn¬ ta¬ adn°pIbpw, A´nb´nbmbn Nqf- cmPy°m¿ kt¥mjw {]ISn∏n®p
hnthIap≈ Hcp ]pcpj\pant√? Ah¿ sh® CjvSnI°√pIƒ \mw AhcpsS sIm≠v h∂p. At±lw (eqØvv) ]d-
]d™p: \ns‚ s]¨a°sf R߃°v ta¬ h¿jn°pIbpw sNbvXp. \ns‚ c- ™p: Xo¿®bmbpw Ch¿ Fs‚ AXnYn-
Bhiyans√∂v \n\°v Adnhp≠t√m? £nXmhns‚ ASp°¬ ASbmfw sh- IfmWv. AXn\m¬ \nßsfs∂ hjfm-
Xo¿®bmbpw \n\°dnbmw; R߃ F- °-s∏´hbs{X (B I√pIƒ) AXv Cu °cpXv. \n߃ A√mlpsh kq£n°p-
¥mWv Dt±in°p∂sX∂v. A{IanIfn¬ \n∂v AIseb√.'' (11:77- Ibpw, Fs∂ A]am\n°mXncn°pI-
At±lw ]d™p: F\n°v \nßsf ˛83) bpw sNøpI. Ah¿ ]d™p: temIcpsS
XSbphm≥ iIvXnbp≠mbncp∂psh¶n- ""Aßs\ eqØns‚ IpSpw_Øn¬ ImcyØn¬ (CSs]Sp∂Xn¬) \n∂p \n-
¬! As√¶n¬ iIvX\mb Hcp klmbn- B ZqX≥am¿ hs∂Ønbt∏mƒ. At±- s∂ R߃ hne°nbn´nt√? At±lw
sb F\n°v B{ibn°m\p≠mbncp∂p- lw ]d™p: Xo¿®bmbpw \n߃ A]- ]d™p: CXm Fs‚ s]¨a°ƒ. (A-
sh¶n¬. Ah¿ ]d™p: eqtØ, Xo¿®- cnNnXcmb BfpIfmWt√m. Ah¿ (B hsc \n߃°v hnhmlw Ign°mw) \n-
bmbpw R߃ \ns‚ c£nXmhns‚ ZqX≥amcmb ae°pIƒ) ]d™p: A√, ߃°v sNømw F∂ps≠¶n¬. \ns‚
ZqX-≥amcmWv. Ah¿°v (P\߃°v) GsXmcp (in£bpsS) ImcyØn¬ Ah- PohnXw Xs∂bmsW kXyw Xo¿®bm-
\n-s‚ ASptØs°Øm\mhn√. BI- ¿ (P\߃) kwibn®ncp∂pthm AXpw bpw Ah¿ AhcpsS elcnbn¬ hnlcn-
bm-¬ \o cm{Xnbn¬ \n∂p≈ Hcp bma- sIm≠mWv R߃ Xm¶fpsS ASpØv °pIbmbncp∂p. Aßs\ kqtcymZb-
Øn¬ \ns‚ IpSpw_tØbpw sIm≠vv h∂ncn°p∂Xv. bmYm¿Yyhpw sIm≠m- tØmsS B tLmci_vZw Ahsc ]nSn-
bm-{X ]pds∏´v sIm≈pI. \nßfpsS Wv R߃ Xm¶fpsS ASpØv h∂ncn- IqSn. Aßs\ B cmPysØ \mw Xe-
Iq´Øn¬ \n∂v Hcmfpw Xncn™v t\m- °p∂Xv. Xo¿®bmbpw R߃ kXyw Iogmbn adn°pIbpw, Np´p]gpØ Cjv-
°cpXv. \ns‚ `mcysbmgnsI. Xo¿®bm- ]dbp∂hcmIp∂p. AXn\m¬ Xm¶- SnI°√pIƒ AhcpsS ta¬ \mw h¿jn-

2009 sk-]v-Xw-_¿- 23

ktZmw sKmtamd \K-c-߃ D≠m-bn-cp-∂psh-
∂pw Ah \in-∏n-°s - ∏
Kth-j-I-∑m¿, ]s£ CXv kw`-hn-®Xv {]Ir-Xn-]-
c-amb Imc-WØ- m-em-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw ssZh-tIm-]Ø - m-
e-s√∂pw ka¿Yn®v kwXr-]vXn-b-S-bp-I-bmWv sNøp
∂-Xv.
°pIbpw sNbvXp. \nco£n®v a\ nem°p∂h¿°v Xo¿®-
bmbpw AXn¬ ]e ZrjvSm¥ßfpap≠vv. Xo¿®bmbpw AXv
(B cmPyw) (C∂pw) \ne\n∂v hcp∂ Hcp ]mXbnemWv
kvYn-XnsNøp∂Xv. Xo¿®bmbpw AXn¬ hnizmknIƒ°v
Hcp ZrjvSm¥ap≠vv.'' (15:61-˛77)
""\mw AhcpsS ta¬ Hcp Xcw ag h¿jn∏n°pIbpw
sNbvXp. At∏mƒ B Ip‰hmfnIfpsS ]cyhkm\w Fß-
s\bmbncp∂psh∂v t\m°pI.'' (7:84)
""eqØns‚ P\X ssZhZqX≥amsc \ntj[n®p X≈n.
AhcpsS ktlmZc≥ eqØvv AhtcmSv ]d™ kµ¿`w:
\n߃ kq£vaX ]men°p∂nt√? Xo¿®bmbpw Rm≥
\n߃°v hnizkvX\mb Hcp ZqX\mIp∂p. AXn\m¬
\n߃ A√mlpsh kq£n°pIbpw, Fs∂ A\pkcn°p-
Ibpw sNøphn≥. CXns‚ t]cn¬ \nßtfmSv Rm≥ bm-
sXmcp {]Xn^ehpw tNmZn°p∂n√. F\n°p≈ {]Xn^ew
temIc£nXmhn¶¬ \n∂v am{XamIp∂p. \n߃ temIcn¬
\n∂v BWpßfpsS ASp°¬ sN√pIbmtWm? \nßfpsS
c£nXmhv \n߃°v th≠n krjvSn®p X∂n´p≈ \nß-fp-
sS CWIsf hn´pIfbpIbpamtWm? A√, \n߃ AXn{I-
aImcnIfmb Hcp P\X Xs∂. Ah¿ ]d™p: eqtØ, \o
(CXn¬ \n∂v) hncan®ns√¶n¬ Xo¿®bmbpw \o (\m´n¬
\n∂v) ]pdØm°s∏Sp∂hcpsS Iq´Ønembncn°pw. At±-
lw ]d™p: Xo¿®bmbpw Rm≥ \nßfpsS {]hrØnsb
shdp°p∂hcpsS Iq´ØnemIp∂p. At±lw {]m¿Yn®p: F-
s‚ c£nXmth, Fs∂bpw Fs‚ IpSpw_tØbpw Ch¿
{]h¿Øn®p sIm≠ncn°p∂Xn¬ \n∂v \o c£s∏SptØ-
Wta. At∏mƒ At±lsØbpw At±lØns‚ IpSpw_-
tØbpw apgph≥ \mw c£s∏SpØn. ]n≥amdn \n∂hcn¬
Hcp Inghn HgnsI. ]n∂oSv a‰p≈hsc \mw XI¿ØpIf-
™p. AhcpsS ta¬ \mw Hcp Xcw ag h¿jn∏n°pIbpw
sNbvXp. Xm°oXv \¬Is∏´h¿°v e`n® B ag F{X tam-
iw! Xo¿®bmbpw AXn¬ (a\pjy¿°v) Hcp ZrjvSm¥ap≠v.
2009 sk-]v-Xw-_¿-
F∂m¬ Ahcn¬ A[nIt]cpw hnizkn°p∂hcmbn√.''
(26:160-˛174)
A{_lm-ans‚ ktlm-Z-c-\m-bn-cp∂ lmcms‚ aI-\m-bn-
cp∂p temØv F∂mWv D¬]Øn ]pkvXIw ]d-bp-∂-Xv.
(D¬]Øn 11:27) DuZn¬ \n∂v Im\m-\n-te°pw lmcm-\n¬
\n∂v CuPn-]vXn-te°pw Ahn-sS-\n∂v s\K_v tZi-tØ-°p-
ap≈ bm{X-bn-se√mw A{_-lm-an-t\m-sSm∏w temØp-ap-≠m-
- ´- n-´p-s≠∂pw kΩ-Xn°p∂
bn-cp∂p. (D¬]Øn 11:31; 12:4; 13:1) temØns‚ kaq-lsØ
\in- ∏ n- ° p- h m≥ th≠n \ntbm- K n- ° - s ∏´ amem- J - a m¿
A{_lm-an-s‚-bS- pØv t]mb-ti-ja - mWv temØn-\S- p-tØ°v
sN∂- s X∂v ss__nfpw Jp¿- B \pw hy‡- a m- ° p- ∂ p.
(D¬]Øn 18:1˛19, Jp¿-B≥ 11:69-˛83) {InkvXp-hn\v c≠m-
bncw h¿j-߃°p apºm-bn-cn-°Ww A{_lmw Pohn-®n-
cp-∂-sX-∂mWv ss__nƒ Ime-K-W-\-bpsS shfn-®-Øn¬
a\- n-em-°m-\m-hp-∂-Xv.(5) kzh¿K-c-Xnsb ssewKn-Im-kzm-
Z-\-Øn-\p≈ am¿K-ambn ktZm-w \nhm-kn-Iƒ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-
hm≥ XpS-ßn-bn´v \mem-bncw h¿j-ß-sf-¶n-ep-ambn F∂-
¿Yw. ktZm-ap-am-cpsS \mi-Øn\v \nan-Ø-amb kzh¿K-c-Xn-
sb∂ sshIrXw am\h-cm-in°v \mihpw \jvShpw am{X-
sa-bp-≠m-°n-bn-´p≈qsh∂-XmWv hkvXp-X. {]kvXpX \miw
C∂pw XpS¿∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.
C{km-bo-en\pw tPm¿Zm-\n\panS-bn-ep≈ Nmhp-I-S¬
(Dead Sea) F∂-dn-bs - ∏-Sp∂ XSmIw ktZmw Kmtamdm \mi-
Øns‚ _m°n-]-{Xhpw kzh¿K-c-Xn-s°-Xn-cmb ssZhn-I-Zr-
jvSm-¥hpambn \ne-\n¬°p-∂p. kap-{Z-\n-c-∏n¬ \n∂pw 422
ao‰¿ (1385 ASn) XmgvN-bn-ep≈ Nmhp-I-S¬Xoc-amWv Ic-
bnse G‰hpw XmgvN-bp≈ `q{]-tZ-iw. 378 ao‰¿ Bghpw 67
Intem-ao-‰¿ \ofhpw 18 Intem-ao-‰¿ hoXn-bp-ap≈ Nmhp-I-S-
emWv temI-Ønse G‰hpw Bg-ap≈ -a-lme-hW XmSm-
Iw (hypersaline lake). kap-{Z-P-e-Øns‚ 8.6 Cc-´n-bmWv
CXnse Pe- Ø ns‚ eh- W - X zw. (6) AXp- s Im- ≠ p- X s∂
Pohs‚ bmsXmcp _mly-e-£-Whpw {]kvXpX Pe-Øn-\-
I-Øn√. Db¿∂ eh-W-Xz-ap≈ Pe-Øn¬ \ne-\n¬°p∂
Nne- Xcw _mIvSo-cn-b-I-fpw, ^wK-kp-Ifpw hfsc sNdnb
tXmXn¬ Cu Pe-Øn-ep-s≠∂v I≠p-]n-Sn-°-s∏-´n-´p-s≠-
¶nepw sNSn-Itfm a¬ky-ßtfm ]mb¬t]m-ep≈ ImWm-
hp∂ ssPhn-I-h-kvXp-°tfm H∂pw Xs∂ CXn-en-√; AXp-
sIm-≠p-Xs - ∂-bm-Wt√m CXn\p Nmhp-IS- ¬ F∂- t]-cp-≠m-
b-Xv. {]P-\-\-Øn\pw kvt\l-Øn\pw kam-[m\]-c-amb
kl-h¿ØnXz-Øn\pw th≠n k¿th-iz-c≥ \n›-bn®
24
kv{Xo]p-cpj CW-I-fpsS ]mc-kv]-cy- Sn-bn¬ apßp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn°msa- ssIhian√. Jp¿-B≥ ]d-™X - p-Xs
- ∂-
hpw IpSpw-_-hp-sa∂ hyh-ÿn-Xnsb ∂mWv {Klmw lmcn-kns‚ ]£w. Imw- bmWv bYm¿Yyw F∂v D¬J-\\ Kth-
sh√p-hn-fn-®p-sIm≠v {]Ir-Xn-hn-cp-≤a - mb {_nUvPv k¿∆-I-em-im-e-bn¬ sh®v j-W-߃ hy‡-am-°p-I-bmWv sNøp-
kzh¿K-kwt`m-KsØ am\y-h¬°-cn-°p- kwL-Sn--∏n-°-s∏´ ]co-£-W-߃ At±- ∂-Xv.
Ibpw kmaq-ly-[¿Ω-ambn kzoI-cn-°p- l-Øns‚ \nco-£-W-ßsf kXy-s∏-Sp- ""Aßs\ \ΩpsS I¬]\ h∂-
Ibpw sNbvX-h¿ Pohn® ÿe-ß-fn¬ Øp-∂-Xm-sW∂v _n.-_n.kn teJ-I≥ t∏mƒ B cmPysØ \mw Iogvta¬ adn-
Poh-e-£-W-ß-sfm∂pw th≠ F∂ Fgp-Xp-∂p-≠v. ktZmw sKmtamd \K-c- °pIbpw, A´nb´nbmbn Nqfsh®
Xocp-am-\n-°-s∏-´-Xm-hmw; CXn¬ \n∂v ߃ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw Ah \in- CjvSnI°√pIƒ \mw AhcpsS ta¬
]mTw Dƒs°m-≈m≥ a\p-jy¿s°√mw ∏n- ° - s - ∏ - ´ n- ´ p- s ≠∂pw kΩ- X n- ° p∂ h¿jn°pIbpw sNbvXp. \ns‚ c£nXm-
km[n-t°-≠X - m-Wv. Jp¿-B\ - ns‚ {]Ya Kth-j-I-∑m¿, ]s£ CXv kw`-hn-®Xv hns‚ ASp°¬ ASbmfw sh°s∏´-
kwt_m-[n-X-cmbh¿ hym]m-c-bm-{X-Iƒ {]Ir-Xn-]-c-amb Imc-W-Øm-em-bn-cp-∂p- hbs{X (B I√pIƒ) AXv Cu A{Ian-
\S-Øn-bn-cp∂ ]mX-°c - n-In-ep≈ ktZmw sh∂pw ssZh-tIm-]Ø - m-es- √∂pw ka¿- Ifn¬ \n∂v AIseb√.'' (11:82,83)
sKmtamdbn¬ \n∂v ]mTw Dƒs°-≈W - - Yn®v kwXr-]vXn-b-S-bp-I-bmWv sNøp-∂- ""]n∂oSv a‰p≈hsc \mw XI¿-Øp-
sa∂ Jp¿-B\ - nI\n¿tZiw Gsd {it≤- Xv. \nc-h[n sSIvtSm-WnIv ^e-I-߃ If™p. AhcpsS ta¬ \mw Hcp Xcw
b-am-Wv. D≠m-bn´pw B {]tZ-iØp am{Xw B ag h¿jn∏n°pIbpw sNbvXp. Xm-°oXv
""Aßs\ kqtcymZbtØmsS B {]tXyI ka-bØv ^e-Iß - f - psS \o°- \¬Is∏´h¿°v e`n® B ag F{X
tLmci_vZw Ahsc ]nSnIqSn. Aß- hpw AtXm-S-\p-_-‘n®v `qan-bn-sehnsS- tamiw! Xo¿®bmbpw AXn¬ (a\p-jy-
s\ B cmPysØ \mw XeIogmbn adn- bpw C√mØ cq]-Øn-ep≈ \mihpw ¿°v) Hcp ZrjvSm¥ap≠v. F∂m¬ Ah-
°pIbpw, Np´p]gpØ CjvSnI°√p- Fßs\bp≠mbnsb∂ tNmZy-Øn\p cn¬ A[nIt]cpw hnizkn°p∂hcmbn-
Iƒ AhcpsS ta¬ \mw h¿jn°pIbpw apºn¬ sIm™\wIpØp-I-b-√msX √.'' (26:172-˛174)
sNbvXp. \nco£n®v a\ nem°p∂h- a‰p - a m¿K- ß - s fm∂pw Kth- j - I- c psS hnip-≤hpw im¥n-Zm-b-I-amb IpSpw-
¿°v Xo¿®bmbpw AXn¬ ]e ZrjvSm-
¥ßfp≠v . Xo¿®bmbpw AXv (B
cmPyw) (C∂pw) \ne\n∂v hcp∂ Hcp
]mXbnemWv kvYnXnsNøp∂Xv. Xo¿®-
bmbpw AXn¬ hnizmknIƒ°v Hcp
ZrjvSm¥ap≠vv.'' (15:73-˛77)
Nmhp-IS-en\p Np‰p-ap≈ {]tZ-i-
߃ AhnsS ktZmw sKmtamd XpS-ßn-
b \K- c - ß - ƒ \ne- \ n- ∂ n- c p∂p F∂-
Xns‚ bmsXmcp hn[ em©-\I - fpw \ne-
\n¬°mØ cq]-Øn-emWv C∂p-≈-Xv.
F∂m¬ ktZmw sKtamd XpS-ßnb \K-
c-߃ \ne-\n-∂n-cp∂psh∂p Xs∂-bm-
Wv AhnsS \S∂ D¬J\\ Kth-j-W-
߃ hy‡-am-°p-∂-Xv. {_n´ojv `ua-K-
th-j-I-\mb tUm: {Klmw lmcn-kns‚
C∆n-j-b-I-amb Is≠-Ø-ep-Iƒ 2001
BKkvXv 18s‚ _n._n.kn dnt∏m¿´v
sNbvXn-cp-∂p.(7) {]Ir-Xn-P-\y-amb Io¬
(asphalt) hym]mcw \S-Øn-b-h-cm-bn-
cp∂p NmhpI--S-en\p Np‰pw Pohn-®n-cp-∂-
h¿ F∂mWv At±-l-Øns‚ \nK-a-\w.
Nmhp-IS-- -en-\-Sp-Øp≈ `qh¬°w hfsc-
tbsd temehpw `qan-bpsS {][m-\-s∏´
c≠v sSIvtSm-WnIv ^e-I-߃ (tech-
tonic plates) IqSn-tbm-Pn-°p∂ ÿe-hp-
am-Wv. Nmhp-I-S¬-Øoc-Øn-\-Sn-bnse
aossY≥ \nt£-]-߃ `qan-Ip-ep°w
hgn IØn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw AXp-hgn Xd-
bmsI aW¬°q-\-bmbnØocp-Ibpw
ktZmw sKmtamd \K-c-߃ Pe-Øn-\-
2009
2009B-
sk-K-k v-Xw-v- _¿- 2525
]v-X
_-kw-hn-[m-\-Øn-\-IsØ ssew- b-Xns‚ cmjv{So-b-amb Imc-W-
KnIX°p-]-Icw \oNhpw \nIr- ߃ am{Xta Imcy-ambn A]-{K-
jv S - h p- a mb kzh¿K- k w- t `m- K - Yn-°s- ∏-´n-´p-≈q. ssewKn-Is- sh-Ir-
Øns‚ ]mX Xnc- s ™- S p- Ø - X-ßsf am\y-h¬-°cn-°p∂ kaq-
h¿°v k¿∆- i - ‡ ≥ \¬Inb l-߃s°m∂pw h√msX Bbp-
in£bpsS Ah- i n- j vS- a mWv  p-≠m-bn-´n-s√∂ hkvXpX Xs∂-
NmhpI-S¬. AsXmcp ZrjvSm-¥a - m- bmWv \mK-cn-I-X-bpsS Hu∂-Xy-
Wv. {]Ir-Xn-hn-cp-≤-ssew-Kn-IX Øn¬ \n∂n-cp∂ {Kokns‚ ]X-
Poh-¬kv]¿i-ta¬-°mØ imco- \hpw ]Tn-∏n-°p∂ ]mT-ß-fn-sem-
cnI{Inb -am-{X-am-sW∂v ]Tn-∏n- ∂v.
°p∂ ZrjvSm-¥w. kzh¿K-c-Xn- {InkvXp-hn\p apºv 172 apX¬
°m-cmb P\-Xsb \in-∏n-°m≥ 168 hsc h¿j- ß - ƒ °n- S - b n¬
t]mIp- I - b m- s W∂ hm¿Ø- b p- \S∂ amkn- t Um- W n- b ≥ bp≤-
ambn h∂ ae- ° p- I ƒ eqØv tØm-sS-bmWv {Ko°ns‚ `mK-ß-
\_n(-A)tbmSv ]d-™X - mbn Jp¿- fn¬ NneXv tdmam-km-{am-PyØn-
B≥ hnh-cn-°p-∂Xv ImWpI. s‚ A[o-\-X-bn-em-bn-Øo-cp-∂-Xv.
""Cu \m´pImcpsS ta¬ Ah¿ _n.kn 146 Bbt∏mtg°pw GXm-
sNbvXpsIm≠ncp∂ A[¿ΩØn- ≠v F√m {][m-\-s∏´ {Ko°v \K-
s‚ ^eambn BImiØp \n∂v c-ßfpw tdma-°m-cpsS ssIh-i-am-
R߃ Hcp in£ Cd°p∂Xm- bn-Øo¿∂p. kzh¿K-c-Xn-sbbpw
Wv. Xo¿®bmbpw AXn¬ Nn¥n- kam-\-ssh-Ir-X-ß-tfbpw shdp-
°p∂ BfpIƒ°v hyIvXamb Ø-h-cm-bn-cp∂p tdma-°m¿. AXn-
Hcp ZrjvSm¥w \mw Ahtijn∏n- s\-Xn-sc-bp≈ i‡-amb \nb-a-
®n´p≠v.'' (29:34,35) ßfpw tdman¬ \ne-\n-∂n-cp-∂p.(9)
Nmhp-I-Sepw ]cn-kc{]tZ-i- ssewKn-I sshIr-X-߃s°-Xn-
ßfpw hen-sbmcp ZrjvSm-¥amWv; ssewKn- I sshIr- X-
ß ƒs°- Xnsc sc i‡-amb \nb-a-\-S-]-Sn-Iƒ
{]Ir-Xn-hn-cp≤ssewKn-IX F{X- i‡-amb \nb-a-\-S-]-Sn-Iƒ \n¿tZ- \n¿tZ-in-°p∂ "seIvkv kvIm‚n-
tØmfw Duj-chpw \io-I-c-Wm- \nb' (Lex Scantinia) \S-∏m-°-s∏-
in-°p∂ "seIvkv kvIm‚n-\nb'
flIhp-am-sW∂v hy‡-am-°p∂ ´Xv {InkvXp-hn\v apºv 149mw h¿-
ZrjvSm-¥w! \S- ∏ m- ° - s ∏- ´ Xv {Inkv X p- h n\v apºv jw apX¬°mWv. kzX-{¥-cm-b-
149mw h¿jw apX¬°mWv. kzX-{¥- h¿ \S-Øp∂ kzh¿K-c-Xnbpw
{]Ir- X n- h n- c p≤cXn- ° m¿°p-
hy`n-Nm-c-hp-sa√mw h[in£ A¿-
≠mb \mi-Øn¬ \n∂v ]mT-sa- cm-b-h¿ \S-Øp∂ kzh¿K-c-Xnbpw ln-°p∂ Ip‰-amsW∂mWv Cu
t∂mWw F√m -Im-eØpw F√m- hy`n-Nm-c-hp-sa√mw h[in£ A¿- \nbaw ]d-bp-∂-Xv. kzh¿Kt`mKn-
k-aq-l-Ønepw Cu sshIrXØn-
s\-Xnsc-bp≈ \nb-a-߃ \ne-\n- ln- ° p∂ Ip‰- a msW∂mWv Cu Isf ]c-ky-ambn ASn-®p-sIm-√W - -
sa∂ \nbaw hsc tdman¬ \ne-
∂n-cp-∂p. ]pcm-X-\- {Kokv CXn\v \nbaw ]d-bp-∂-Xv.
A]hmZ-am-sW-∂mWv ]d-b-s∏-Sp- \n-∂n-cp-∂p.(10)
∂-Xv. B¿°m-bnIv Imew (archaic kzh¿K-c-Xn-s°Xn-cmb i‡-
period) F∂-dn-bs - ∏-Sp∂, {InkvXp- amb \nba-߃ Xs∂-bm-bn-cp∂p
hn\v 650 h¿jw apX¬ 480 h¿jw hsc sc√mw kzh¿K-c-Xnsb \ymbo-I-cn-°p- C{km-bo¬ kap-Zm-b-Ønepw \ne-\n-∂n-
\o≠p-\n¬°p∂ Ime-L´Øn¬ Xs∂ Ibpw Xß-fpsS ssewKn-Im-`n-\n-th-i- cp-∂-Xv. kzh¿K-cXn tæ—-am-sW-∂mWv
AhnsS hym]-I-amb cq]-Øn¬ kzh¿- ambn AXns\ kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn- ss__nƒ ]gb\nbaw ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂X - v.
Kkvt\lhpw cXnbpw \ne-\n-∂n-cp-∂ph- cp-∂p-sh∂pw ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. kzh¿K- ""Rm\mWv I¿Ømhv. kvXotbmSp-
t{X!(8) Iuam-c-{]m-b-Øn-se-Ønb B¨- cXnsbt]m-ep≈ sshIr-Xß - sf AwKo-
IqsSsb∂-Xp-t]mse ]pcp-j-t\mSp Iq-
Ip-´n-I-fp-ambn {]mb-am-b-h¿ \S-Øn-bn- I-cn-°p-Ibpw am\y-h¬-°-cn-°p-Ibpw sS \o ibn-°-cp-Xv. AXp tæO-X-bm-Ip-
cp∂ ssewKn-I-_-‘-amb Iuamc kzh- sNbvX-Xn\v tijw kl-{km-_vZ-ß- ∂p.'' (tehy 18:22)
¿K-cXn (Pederasty)bmbn-cp∂p AhnsS fmbn Xe-bpb¿Øn \n∂n-cp∂ {Ko°v
hym]-Ia - mbn \ne-\n-∂n-cp-∂s - X∂v ]pcm- \mK-cn-IX \mi-Øn-te°v IpXn-®X - mWv kzh¿K-t`m-Kn-Iƒ°v ac-W-in-£-
X\ {Ko°v Nn{X-ßfpw enJn-X-ßfpw Ncn{Xw \sΩ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. imkv{X- bmWv \¬tI-≠-sX-∂mWv tXmd-bnse
hy‡-am-°p-∂p-≠v. {]kn-≤c - mb tkm{I- km-t¶-XnI cwK-ß-fn¬ A°m-e-L-´- \nbaw
´o-kv, πmt‰m, Ivknt\mt^m¨, Ae- Ønse AXnImb-cm-bn-cp∂n´pw {Ko°v ""c‡w Ah-cpsS ta¬ Bb-nc - n- °
- s- ´,
Iv k m- ≠ ¿ N{I- h ¿Øn XpS- ß n- b - h - kwkvImcw XI¿®-bpsS ]Sn-I-fn-d-ßn- Hcph≥ kv{Xotbm-Sp-IqsS F∂-t]mse
2009 sk-]v-Xw-_¿- 26
]pcp-j-t\mSp IqsS ibn-®m¬ Ccp-hcpw lo\-amb {]hrØn-bmWv sNøp-∂-Xv. ""AXp-sIm≠v ssZhw Ahsc Xß-
Ahsc h[n-°-Ww.''(tehy: 20:13) fpsS t`mKm-k‡ - n-It- fm-Sp-IqsS ico-cß-
kzh¿K-ssew-Kn-I-X°v i‡-amb in£- X-s∂-bm-bn-cp∂p C¥y-bnepw \ne- ƒ ]c-kv]cw A]-am-\n-X-am-°p-∂-Xn\v
\n-∂n-cp-∂-Xv. I\y-I-bp-ambn kzh¿-K-c-Xn-bn-te¿s∏-´Xv I\y-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Ccp- Aip-≤n°v hn´p-sIm-Sp-Øp. Fs¥-∂m-
\qdv ]Ww ]ng-bmbn hmßp-Ibpw ]Øv Nm´-hm-dSn \¬Ip-Ibpw sNø-W-sa∂v ¬, Ah¿ ssZh-Øns‚ kXyw Dt]-
\njvI¿jn-°p∂ a\p-kvarXn CXv sNbvXXv hnhm-ln-Xb - m-sW-¶n¬ Ah-cpsS c≠p- £n®v hymPw kzoI-cn-®p. Ah¿ {kjvSm-
hn-c-e-p-Iƒ tOZn-°p-Ibpw Xe-sam-´-b-Sn®v Igp-X-∏-p-d-Øn-cpØn cmP-ho-Yn-bn-eqsS hn-ep-ap-]cn krjvSnsb Bcm-[n-°p-Ibpw
\S-Ø-W-sa∂pw IqSn I¬∏n-°p-∂p-≠v. tkhn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Ahn-Sp∂v F-
t∂°pw hmgvØ-s∏-´-h-\mWv, Bta≥.
""Iss\yh I\ymw bm Ipcym-Ø-kymx kymZzn-itXm Zax
A°m-c-W-Øm¬ ssZhw Ahsc \nµy-
ip¬°w N ZznKpWw ZZym-—n-^mss› hm]v\p-bm-±i
amb hnIm-c-߃°p hn´p-sIm-Sp-Øp.
bm Xp I\ymw {]Ip-cymXv kv{Xo kmktZym aufiya¿lXn
Ah-cpsS kv{XoI-ƒ kzm`m-hn-I-_-‘-
AwKp-teym-tch hm t—Zw Jtc-tWm-Zz-l\w XYm''
߃°p ]Icw {]Ir-Xn-hn-cp-≤_ - ‘- ß- -
""Hcp I\y-I Xs∂ as‰mcp I\y-I-sb ta¬∏-d™ coXn-bn¬ Zpjn-∏n-®m¬ fn-te¿s∏-´p. AXp-t]mse ]pcp-j-∑m¿
kv{XoI-fp-am-bp≈ kzm`m-hnI _‘w
Dt]-£n-°p-Ibpw ]c-kv]c - m-k‡ - n-bn¬
imkv{X-km-t¶-XnI cwK-ß-fn¬ AXnImb-cm-bn-cp∂ {Ko°v Pzen®v At\ym\yw e÷m-I-c-Ir-Xy-ß-
fn¬ G¿s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Xß-fpsS
kwkvImcw XI¿®-bpsS ]Sn-I-fn-d-ßn-b-Xns‚ cmjv{So-b- sX‰n\v A¿l-amb in£ Ah¿°v e`n-
amb Imc-Wß - ƒ am{Xta Imcy-ambn A]-{K-Yn-°s - ∏-´n-´p-≈q. ®p. ssZhsØ AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂Xv t]m-
ssewKn- I - s sh- I r- X - ß sf am\y- h ¬- ° cn- ° p∂ kaq- l - cm-bva-bmbn Ah¿ Icp-Xn-bXp \nanØw
A[-a-hn-Im-c-Øn\pw A\p-NnX {]hr-
߃s°m∂pw h√msX Bbp- p-≠m-bn-´n-s√∂ hkvXpX Øn-Iƒ°pw ssZhw Ahsc hn´p-sIm-
Xs∂-bmWv \mK-cn-I-X-bpsS Hu∂-Xy-Øn¬ \n∂n-cp∂ Sp- Ø p. Ah¿ F√m Xc- Ø n- e p- a p≈
{Kokns‚ ]X-\hpw ]Tn-∏n-°p∂ ]mT-ß-fn-sem-∂v. A\o-Xnbpw ZpjvSX - bpw AXym-{K-lhpw
Xn∑bpw \nd-™-h-cm-Wv. Akqb, sIm-
e-]m-XI - w, Gj-Wn, Ie-lw, h©\, ]c-
200 ]Ww ]ng sImSp-°-Ww. Ahƒ Zp-jn-∏n-°-s∏´ I\y-IbpsS ]nXm-hn\v I\ym- t{Zmlw F∂n-h-bn¬ Ah¿ apgp-Ip-∂p.
ievI-Øns‚ Cc-´n-sIm-Sp-°p-I-bpw Nm´tbm Nqc-tem sIm≠v ]ØSn sIm≈p- Ah¿ ]c-Zq-j-Icpw ssZh-\n-µ-Icpw [n-
Ibpw thWw. °m-cn-Ifpw K¿hn-jvTcpw s]mß-®-°m-
cpw Xn∑-Iƒ Bkq-{XWw sNøp-∂h - cpw
Hcp I\y-Isb Zpjn-∏n-°p-∂Xp kv-{Xo-bm-sW-¶n¬ Ah¿ DS≥Xs∂ intcm-ap-
amXm-]n-Xm-°sf A\p-k-cn°mØhcpw
fi-\tam kml-N-cy-a-\p-k-cn®v c≠w-Kp-en-I-fpsS tOZ-\tam A¿ln-°p-∂p. AXp-
_p≤n-lo-\cpw Ahn-iz-kvXcpw lrZ-b-
t]mse Xs∂ B kv{Xosb Igp-X-∏p-d-Øp Ib‰n cmP-ho-Yn-bn-eqsS k©-cn-∏n-
iq-\ycpw Icp-W-bn-√m-Ø-hcpw Bbn-
°p-I-bpw thWw.'' (a\p-kvarXn 8:369,370)
Øo¿∂p. CØcw IrXy-߃ sNøp-∂-
kzh¿K-t`m-KØ - n-te¿s∏-Sp∂ ]pcp-j∑ - m¿ PmXn-{`-jvSc- mbn IW-°m-°s - ∏-Spsa- h¿ ac-Wm¿l-cmWv F∂ ssZh-I¬]\
∂mWv a\p-\nbaw. PmXn-{`jvS-cm-bn-Øo¿∂-h¿ A\p-`-hn-t°≠n hcp∂ IjvS-X- Adn-™n-cp-∂n´pw Ah¿ Ah sNøp-∂p;
Iƒ ]cn-K-Wn-®m¬ CsXmcp ITn-\-amb in£- X-s∂-bmsW∂v a\- n-em-°mw. am{X-a√ Aßs\ sNøp-∂-hsc AwKo-
""{_mlvaWky cpPx-IrXzm {LmXn-c- t{Lb aZytbmx I-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.'' (tdma-°m¿ 1:24-
ssP“yw N ssaYp\w ]pwkn PmXn- {`w-i-Icw kvarXw'' ˛32)
""{_m“Ws\(XmU-\m-Zn-bm¬) ]oUn-∏n-°p-I. At{L-b-ß-fmb (aW-°m≥ ""DNn-X-ambn ssIImcyw sNøp-s∂-
]mSn-√mØ) D≈n Ata≤yw apX-em-b-hbpw aZyhpw aW-∏n-°p-I, h{I-X, ]pcp-j- ¶n¬ \nbaw \√-Xm-sW∂p \ap-°-dn-
∑m-cp-ambn {]Ir-Xn-hn-cp-≤s - sa-Yp-\w F∂nh PmXn-{`w-iI
- c- a- mb ]mX-Ia- m-Wv.'' (a\p- bmw. \nbaw \n¿an-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂Xp
kvarXn 11:68) \oXn-am≥am¿°p-th-≠n-b√, adn®v \nb-
ss__nƒ ]pXn-b\ - n-ba- Ø
- nepw kzh¿K-cX
- nsb hna¿in-°p-Ibpw AXv Xn∑bpw a-\n-tj-[-I¿, A\p-k-c-W-an-√m-Ø-h¿,
kz¿K-Øn¬ \n∂v AI-‰p∂ {]h¿Ø-\-hp-am-sW∂v hy‡-am-°p-I-bpw sNøp-∂p- ]m]n-Iƒ, hnip-≤n-bn-√m-Ø-h¿, euIn-
≠v. ]utemkv Fgp-Xp-∂-Xv ImWp-I. I¿, ]nXm-hn-s\tbm amXm-hn-s\tbm a‰p
""A\oXn {]h¿Øn-°p-∂h¿ ssZh-cmPyw Ah-Im-ia - m-°p-Ib - n√ F∂p \n-߃ a\p-jy-sctbm h[n-°p-∂-h¿, Akm≥-
Adn-bp-∂nt√! \n߃ h©n-X-cm-I-cp-Xv. Ak-∑m¿§n-Ifpw hn{K-lm-cm-[I-cpw hy`n- am¿Kn-Iƒ, kzh¿K-t`m-Kn-Iƒ, Bfp-Isf
Nm-cn-Ifpw kzh¿K-t`m-Kn-Ifpw I≈-∑mcpw AXym-{K-ln-Ifpw aZy-]∑m-cpw ]c-Zq-j- A]-lc - n®p sIm≠p-t]m-Ip-∂h - ¿, \pW-
Icpw Ih¿®-°mcpw ssZh-cmPyw Ah-Im-i-am-°p-I-bn-√. \nß-fn¬ Nne¿ CØ-c- b¿, Ak- X y- h m- Z n- I ƒ F∂n- h ¿°p
°m-cm-bn-cp-∂p.'' (sImcn-¥y¿ 6:9˛10-) th≠nbpw kXy-{]-t_m-[-\-Øn\p hncp-

2009 sk-]v-Xw-_¿- 27

≤-amb F√m-‰n\pw th≠n-bp-am-Wv.''(1 Xn-
tam-Øn-tbmkv 1:8˛10-)
ktZmw- K-tam-d-bnse \mi-Øn¬ \n-
∂v Dƒs°m≈W-sa∂v bqZm D]-tZ-in-
°p-∂p. ""AXp-t]mseØs∂ tkmtZm-
an-s\bpw sKmtam-sd-sbbpw Ahsb
A\p-I-cn®v t`mKm-k-‡n-bnepw hy`n-Nm-
c-Ønepw apgpInb Np‰p-ap≈ ]´-W-ß-
sfbpw \nXym-·n-bpsS in£°v hnt[-
b-am-°n Ahn-Sp∂v F√m-h¿°pw Zrjv-
Sm¥w \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
kz]v\-ß-fn¬ \na-·-\m-bn-cn-°p∂
Cu a\p-jy¿ ico-csØ Aip-≤-am-°p-
Ibpw A[n-Im-csØ X≈n-∏-d-bp-Ibpw
aln-a-b-Wn-™-hsc \nµn-°p-Ibpw sN-
øp-∂p.'' (bqZm 7,8)
BZy-Ime k`m-]n-Xm-°-∑m-sc√mw
2009 sk-]v-Xw-_¿-
kzh¿K-c-Xnsb hna¿in-°p-Ibpw AXv
Xn∑-bm-sW∂v Du∂n-∏-d-bp-Ibpw sNbv-
Xn-´p-≠v. sk‚ v PÃn≥ am¿´n-b¿, Ae-
Ivkm-{≠n-b-bnse s¢a‚ v, sX¿Øp-ey-
≥, bqkn-_n-b-kv, lnt∏m-bnse sk‚ v
AK-Ãn≥ XpS-ßn-b-h-sc√mw kzh¿K-c-
Xnsb i‡- a mbn hna¿i- ® - h - c m- W v .
{]kn-≤-\mb sk‚ v tXmakv AIzn-\m-
km-Is´ Xs‚ "kpΩ Xntbm-f-Pn°'-
bn¬ kzh¿K-c-Xn-bmWv ssewKn-I-amb
]m]-ßf - n¬ G‰hpw amc-Ia - m-bXv F∂m-
Wv ka¿Yn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.(11)
ss__nfpw BZy-Ime k`m-]n-Xm-°-
∑m-cp-sa√mw kzh¿K-c-Xnsb X≈n]d-
™n-´p-s≠-¶nepw a‰p [m¿an-I-cw-K-ß-fn-
se∂ t]mse Cu cwK-Øp-ap≈ Ab-
™ kao-]\w aqew {InkvXy≥ `qcn-]-
£ {]tZ-i-ß-fn-emWv kzh¿Km-\p-cm-K-
28
Øn-\m-\p-Iq-e-amb ]cky \ne-]m-Sp-I-
fpsS XpS°w. kzh¿K-c-Xn-°m-tcm-Sp≈
DZm-c-kao-]-\-Øns‚ Imcy-Øn¬ ss{I-
kvX-h¿°v ap∂n¬ \S-∂Xv blq-Z-∑m-
cm-Wv. tXmd-bnse kzh¿K-c-Xn-s°-Xn-
cmb \n¿tZ- i - ß ƒ A\p- I q- e - a mbn
hymJym-\n-®p-sIm≠v Ah¿ kzh¿K-cX - n-
°m¿°v ]®- s °m- S n- Im- W n- ° m\pw
kzh¿K-hn-hm-l-߃ A\p-h-Zn-°m\pw
Bcw-`n-®p. {_n´-\nse en_-d¬ PqX-
∑m¿ 2003¬ Xs∂ kzh¿K-hn-hmlw
AwKo-Ic - n-°p-Ibpw kn\-tKm-Kn¬ sh®v
hnhm- l - I ¿a- ß ƒ \S- Ø n- s °m- S p- ° p-
Ibpw sNbvX-Xmbn 2005 s^{_p-hcn
25mw Xnø-Xn-bnse "Zn Km¿Un-b-\n'se
Hcp teJ-\Ø - n¬ ImWm-\m-hpw.(12) Ata-
cn-°-bnse Hm¿Ø-tUmIvkv PqX-d-∫n-
bmb Ãoh≥ {Ko≥s_¿Kv kzbw Xs∂
kzh¿Km-\p-cm-Kn-bm-sW∂v {]Jym-]n-°p-
Ibpw Aßs\Xs∂ XpS¿∂p-sIm≠v
Xm≥ PqX-aX tkh\w \S-Øp-sa∂v
Adn-bn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXXv 199-9emWv.
\yqtbm¿°v kn‰n-bn¬ {]h¿Øn-°p∂
"\mj-W¬ Pyqbnkv sk‚¿ t^m¿
teWnwKv B‚ v eoU¿jn∏v'se ko\n-
b¿ A[ym-]I - \
- mWv {Ko≥_¿Kv. kzh¿-
Km-\p-cm-KØ- n-s\-Xn-sc-bp≈ tXmd-bnse
hN-\-߃ bYm¿Y-Øn¬ a\- n-em-°n-
bn--SØv kw`-hn® ]mfn-®-I-fmWv AXn-
s\-Xnscbp≈ blqZ \ne-]m-Sn\p Imc-
W-sa∂pw a[y-Im-eØv PqX-∑m¿°n-S-
bn¬ kzh¿K-ssew-Kn-IX \ne-\n-∂n-cp-
∂p F∂-Xn\v A°m-esØ Ah-cpsS
kmln-Xy-߃ sXfn-hm-sW∂pw F∂m-
¬ Hcn-°¬ t]mepw kzh¿K-cX - n-°m¿°v
h[-in£ \¬In-b-Xmbn sXfn-shm∂p-
an-s√∂pw ÿm]n-®p-sIm≠v At±lw
Fgp-Xnb "ssZhhpw a\p-jy-\p-am-bp≈
a¬∏n-SpØw; blqZ]mc-º-cy-Ønse
kzh¿K-ssew-Kn-IX' F∂ {KŸ-amWv
2005se G‰hpw \√ PqX Zm¿i-\nI
{KŸ-Øn-\p≈ tImsdØv ^ut≠-j≥
Ahm¿Un\v A¿l-am-b-Xv.(13) C{k-bo-
ense htbm-[n-I\ - mb bqZ-d∫
- nbpw tXm-
dm -]-WvUn-X\pw PqX -\n-bahnim-Z-c-\p-
amb d∫n tbmk^v jmtemw Fen-tbm-
jo-hp-ambn Xm≥ \S-Ønb IqSn-°m-gvN-
bn¬ kzh¿K-cXn N¿®m-hn-j-b-am-sW-
∂pw At±lw AXn\v kΩ-Xn-®p-sh-∂p-
amWv Ãoh≥ {Ko≥s_¿Kv Fgp-Xp-∂-Xv.
""Ft∂m--sSm-∏w Ign-™n-cp∂ kl-]m-Tn-
I-tfmSv F\n-°p -tXm-∂p∂ ASp-∏sØ
Ipdn®v Adn-bm-\p≈ BImw-£-bp-ambn
Pdp-kt- e-anse G‰hpa[nIw AXn-bm-Ym-
kvXn-Ic - mb kaq-lß
- ƒ°n-Sb - n¬ H‰-s∏-
´v Pohn-°p∂ ⁄m\n-bmb dhv tbmk-
^v jmtemw Fen-bm-Kq-hns‚ ASp-°¬
Rms\-Øn. tamiw Btcm-Ky-ÿn-Xn-bn-
em-bn-cp-s∂-¶nepw At±lw kµ¿i-Isc
kzoI-cn-°p-∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ""]pcp-j-∑m-
cpw kv{XoIfpw Fs∂ BI¿jn-°p-∂p-
≠v, {]t`m, Rs\¥v sNøWw?'' B ka-
bØv F\n°p kXy-ambn tXm∂nb Im-
cy-w Rm≥ lo{_p-hn¬ tNmZn-®p. A-t±-
lw adp-]Sn ]d-™p. ""{]nb kplr-tØ,
Xm¶ƒ°v kvt\ln-°p-hm-\p≈ Cc´n
i‡n-bp≠v. AXv kq£n®v D]-tbm-Kn-
°p-I.'' Rm≥ sR´n-t∏mbn. IqSp-X¬
{]Xo-£n-®p-sIm≠v Rm≥ A¬]-t\cw
kz¿K-cmPyw Ah-Im-i-am-°p-I-bn-s√∂v ]utemkv BWbn
-´v ]d™ Xn∑-I-fmb hn{K-lm-cm-[-\bpw, ]en-i-bpw, aZy]m-
\-hp-sa√mw \∑-I-fm°n-Øo¿Ø ss{IkvXhk`bpsS kzm-
`m-hnI ]mX Xs∂-bmWv kzh¿K-c-Xn-bpsS Imcy-Ønepw-
]n¥pS-c-s∏Sp∂-sX-∂mWv ss{IkvX-h-tem-IØv Db¿∂p
tIƒ-°p∂ kzc-ßfpw Ne-\-ßfpw hy‡-am-°p-∂-Xv.
Ccp-∂p. ""CtXbp≈q?'' \ni-_Zv a - mb CS-
th-f-°p tijw Rm≥ tNmZn®p: At±-
lw ]p©n-cn-®p-sIm≠v adp-]Sn ]d™p
""A{X-tb-bp≈q! IqSp-X-embn bmsXm-
∂pw ]d-bp-hm-\n-√.''(14)
CØcw d∫n-am¿ aXw ssIImcyw
sNøp- ∂ Xp sIm≠p- X - s ∂- b m- h - W w,
kzh¿K- { ]- W - b n- I fpsS Ata- c n- ° ≥
sse^v s sì amkn- I - b mb "Hu´v '
C{km-bo¬ Xe-ÿm-\-amb sS¬ Aho-
hns\ "a[y ]uc-kvXy-tZ-isØ kzh¿K-
{]-Wbo Xe-ÿm\w' (the gay capital of
the Middle East) F∂p hnti-jn-∏n-®X - v.(15)
kzh¿Km-\p-cm-K-tØbpw kzh¿K-hn-hm-
l-sØ-bp-sa√mw HutZym-Kn-I-ambn Aw-
Ko-Ic - n® BZysØ a[y-]u-ckvXy cmjv-
{SamWv C{km-bo¬. AhnsS \n∂v Cu
Zpxkz-`mhw Ad-_n-\m-Sp-I-fn-te°v Ib-
‰n- b - b - ° p- ∂ p- s ≠- ∂ mWv hm¿Ø- I ƒ
kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. Ahn,- _n-\ym-ao≥ F-
∂o kzh¿K-{]-W-bn-I-fpsS hnhmlw
AwKo-Ic - n-®p-sIm≠v 2007 P\p-hcn 29s‚
C{km-bo¬ kp{]owtImSXn hn[n(16)-tbm-
sS C∆n-j-b-I-ambn bsXmcp hne°pI-
2009 sk-]v-Xw-_¿-
fpw AhnsS \ne-\n¬°p-∂n-s√-∂ Ah-
ÿ-bm-Wp-≈-Xv. Dkn Ch≥, AanXv
Ima F∂o tK Zº-Xn-Iƒ ZsØ-SpØ
tbmkn-sb∂ ap∏-Xp-Im-c\v F√m-hn[
]p{Xm-\p-Iq-ey-ß-fp-ap-s≠∂ 2009 am¿®v
9s‚ sS¬ Ahohv IpSpw-_t- Im-SX - n-bpsS
hn[nbpw(17)-IqSn h∂p Ign-™-tXmsS
km[m-cW hnhm-lhpw kzh¿K-hn-hm-
lhpw XΩn¬ bmsXmcphn[ hyXym-k-
hp-an-s√∂ ÿnXnbpw kwPm-X-am-bn.
kzh¿K-c-Xn°v ac-W-in£ hn[n-°p∂
tXmd-b-√, blq-Z-∑m¿°v kpJn-®m-kz-Zn-
°phm\pw Np‰p-ap-≈-hsc \in-∏n-°p-hm-
\p-amhiy-amb X{¥-߃ sa\-bp∂
kb-Wn-k-Øns‚ krKm-e-_p-≤n-bmWv
C{km-bo-ens‚ [m¿an-IX \n›-bn-°p-
∂-sX∂ hkvXp-X-bm-Wn-hnsS hy‡-am-
°p-∂-Xv.
kz¿K-cmPyw Ah-Im-i-am-°p-I-bn-
s√∂v ]utemkv BW-bn´v ]d™ Xn-
∑-I-fmb hn{K-lm-cm-[-\bpw, ]en-i-bpw,
aZy-]m-\-hp-sa√mw \∑-I-fm°n-Øo¿Ø
ss{IkvXhk`bpsS kz`m-hnI ]mX
Xs∂-bmWv kzh¿K-cX - n-bpsS Imcy-Øn-
¬ ]n¥p-Sc - s
- ∏Sp∂-sX-∂mWv ss{IkvX-
h-tem-IØv Db¿∂p-tIƒ°p∂ kzc-
ßfpw Ne-\-ßfpw hy‡-am-°p-∂-Xv.
P¿a-\n-bnse s{]m´-Â v Chm≥P-enÃv
ssZh-im-kv{X-⁄-\mb Pp¿sK≥ tam-
ƒ´vam≥, kzn‰vk¿e≠nse ItØm-enIv
]mXn-cn-bmb lm≥kvIp≠v, N¿®v Hm^v
Cw•-≠ns‚ _nj-∏mb tUhnUv FUv-
hm¿Uv sP≥In≥kv, F]n-kvtIm-]¬
N¿-®v Utbm-knkv Hm^v s\hm¿°ns‚
_nj∏v tPm¨ sj¬_n kvt]m≠v,
Bw•n-°¬ ]mXn-cn-bmb tUm¨ Ip]n‰v
XpSßn \nc-h[n {InkvXy≥ ]WvUn-X-
∑m¿ kzh¿K-cX - nbpw {]W-bhpw AwKo-
I-cn-°Wsa∂v ]c-ky-ambn \ne-]m-sS-
Sp-Ø-h-cm-Wv.(18) 1984se s\mt_¬ k-
29
Ωm\ tPXmhpw tI]vSu-Wnse (ku-
Øm{^n-°) Bw•n-°≥ B¿®p _nj-
∏pamb sUkvsam≥Sv SpSp-hns‚ A`n-{]m-
b-Øn¬ kzh¿K-c-Xn-°m-tcm-Sp≈ `bw
(homophobia) am\-hn-I-X-tbm-Sp≈ Ip‰-
Ir-Xyhpw h¿W-sh-dn-t]mse A\ym-b-
hpw FXn¿°-s∏-tS-≠- Xn∑-bpam-Wv.(19)
kzh¿K-c-Xnbpw hnhm-l-hp-sa√mw
A\p-h-Z-\o-b-ambn ImWp∂ \nc-h[n
{InkvXy≥ k`-I-fp-≠v. F]n-kvtIm-∏¬
N¿®v, sat{Sm-t]m-fn-‰¨ IΩyq-Wn‰n N¿-
®v, bqWn-t‰-dn-b≥ bq\n-th-gvk-enÃv N¿-
®v, bp-ssW-‰Uv N¿®v Hm^v Im\-U, bp-
ssW-‰Uv N¿®v Hm^v ss{IÃv, bq\n‰n
kvIqƒ Hm^v {InkvXym-\n‰n F∂nh
kzh¿K-c-Xnbpw hnhm-lhpw Aßs\
H∂n® Zº-Xn-Isf A\p-{K-ln-°epsa-
√mw sNøp∂ k`-I-fm-Wv. N¿®v Hm^v
Cw•-≠ns‚ ]ptcm-ln-X-\mb tUhnUv
sP≥In≥kv 2005¬ \S∂ c≠p kzh¿-
Km-\p-cm-Kn-I-fpsS IqSnt®c-ens\ A\p-
{K-ln-®Xv Cw•-≠n¬ Gsd hnhmZw kr-
jvSn-®n-cp-∂p. B kzh¿KZº-Xn-am-cn-sem-
cmƒ k`-bnse Hcp hnIm-cn-b-®-\m-bn-cp-
∂p F∂-XmWv hnhm-ZØ - ns‚ ImX¬.(20)
kzh¿K-Z-º-Xn-amsc A\p{K-ln-°pI
F∂ sP≥In≥kv XpS-ßn-sh® k{º-
Zmbw C∂v Cw•-≠n-tebpw Ata-cn-°-
bn-tebpw a‰p]e bqtdm]y≥ cmPy-ß-
fn-tebpw \tS ]d™ N¿®p-I-fn¬ \nc-
¥cw Bh¿Øn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-Ib - m-Wv.
1968 HIvtSm-_¿ 6\v _m]v‰nÃv {]`m-j-
I-\m-bn-cp∂ tZmbv Untdmbv s]dn tem-
kv B©¬kn¬ ÿm]n® sat{Sm-s]m-
fn-‰≥ IΩyq-Wn‰n N¿®mWv kzh¿Km-\p-
cm-Kn-Iƒ°mbn ÿm∏n°-s∏´ BZy-
sØ k`. 23 cmPy-ß-fn¬ C∂v imJ-I-
fp≈ Cu k`sb C∂v "thƒUv Iu-¨-
kn¬ Hm^v N¿®kv' AwKo-Ic - n-®p-´p-≠.v (21)
1985¬ ÿm]n-°-s∏-´ FIyq-sa-\n-°¬
ItØm-enIv N¿®pw kzh¿K-ssew-Kn-
IX AwKo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw kzh¿Km-\p-cm-
Kn-Iƒs°-Xn-sc-bp≈ `b∏mSv C√mbva
sNøp-hm-\p-ambn ]cn-{i-an-°p-Ibpw sN-
øp∂ k`-bm-Wv. tK˛-se-kv_n-b≥ hnhm-
l-ßfpw B¨-˛-s]¨ hnhm-l-ß-fp-sa-
√mw F√mw \ne°pw Hcp-t]m-sebm-
sW∂pw Xm≥ Xs∂ Ccp-]Xv h¿jß-
ƒ°n-S-bn¬ Hcp-]mSv kzh¿K-hn-hm-l-
߃°v Im¿an-IXzw hln-®n-´p-s≠∂pw
km[m-cW hnhm-l-Øn-te-Xp -t]m-se-
Xs∂ Ch-bnepw ssZhm-\p-{K-l-hp-ap-
s≠∂Xv Xs‚ A\p-`h]mT-am-sW∂pw

Cu N¿®ns‚ B¿®v _nj∏v tUm: am¿-
°v Ãoh≥ jndn-emhv 2004 G{]n¬ 16\v
Imen-t^m¿Wnb tÉv Akw-ªn- saº¿-
am¿°pw sk\-‰¿am¿°pw Fgp-Xnb I-
Øn¬ Xpd∂p ]d-bp-∂p-≠v.(22) Ata-cn-
°-≥ F∏n-kvtIm-]¬ N¿®ns‚ 2004
apX¬°p≈ _nj-∏mb Po≥ tdm_n≥-
k-WmWv Xms\mcp kzh¿Km-\p-cm-Kn-bm-
sW∂v {]Jym-]n-®p-sIm≠v ]pd-Øp-h∂
BZysØ _nj-∏v. Xm≥ Ccp-]Xv h¿j-
ambn IqsS-I-gn-™n-cp∂ am¿°v B≥-
{Uq-hp-ambn 2008 Pq¨ 7\v At±lw Hu-
tZym-Kn- I
- a- mbn hnhm-ln-X\
- m-hp-Ibpw sN-
bvXp.(23)
tdma≥ ItØm-enIv N¿®pw {][m-\-
s∏´ s{]m´-Â v k`-Ifpw Akw-ªokv
Hm^v tKmUn-s\-t]m-ep≈ s]‚-t°m-Ã-
¬ k`-Ifpw kzh¿K-ssew-Kn-I-Xbpw
hnhm-lhpsam∂pw AwKo-Ic - n-®n-´n-s√-¶n-
epw Ch-bpsS A\p-bm-bn-I-fn¬ kzh¿-
Km-\p-cm-Kn-I-fp≠v F∂-XmWv hmkvX-
hw. kzh¿K-hn-hm-lhpw ssewKn-IX - bpw
AwKo-Ic - n-°p-hm≥ aSn-®p-\n-∂n-cp∂ ]e
k`-Ifpw kzh¿Km-\p-cm-Kn-Iƒ°v k`-bn-
¬ AwKXzw \¬Ip-hm\pw Bcw-`n-®n-´p-
≠v. N¿®v Hm^v \k-do≥, Cutè
Hm¿Ø-tUmIvkv N¿®v, eqY-d≥ N¿®v,
satY-UnÃv N¿®v, samdm-hn-b≥ N¿®v,
2009 sk-]v-Xw-_¿-
\yq At∏m-kvX-enIv N¿®v, bq\n-^n-t°-
j≥ N¿®v F∂n-h-sb√mw kzh¿Km-\p-
cm-Kn-Iƒ°v k`m-wKXzw \¬Ip-∂p-≠v.
IqZm-iI - ƒ hne-°p-∂p-s≠-¶nepw tdma≥
ItØm-enIv N¿®pw kzh¿Km-\p-cm-KnI-
ƒ°v AwKXzw \¬Ip-hm≥ Bcw-`n-®n-
´p-s≠-∂mWv C∆n-j-b-I-ambn hn°n-]o-
Unb teJ\w ]d-bp-∂-Xv.(24) k`-bpsS
Ncn-{X-Øn¬ Ft∏mgpw kw`-hn-°p-∂Xv
Cßs\-X-s∂-bm-Wv. ss__n-fn¬ hy-
‡-ambn hne-°p∂ Xn∑-If - n-te°v k`m-
hn-izm-kn-Iƒ sas√ \S-∂S- p°pw; BZyw
k` i‡-ambn hne-°p-Ibpw {]Xn-I-cn-
°p-Ibpw sNøpw. ]ns∂ sas√ k` \ni-
_vZa- m-hpw. sas√ sas√ {]kvXpX Xn∑-
bpsS KpW-t`m-‡m-°-fmbnØocpw k`-
bpw t\Xr-Xz-hp-sa-√mw. ss__nƒ i‡-
ambn hne-°n-bXpw "am¿]m-∏-amcm¬
hne-°-s∏-´Xpw aq∂v FIy-sa-\n-°¬
Iu¨kn-ep-Iƒ i‡-ambn \ntj-[n-
®Xpw _nj-∏p-am-cm¬ FXn¿°-s∏-´-Xp-
amb ]en-i'(25)bpsS C∂sØ ÿnXn
F-¥m-Wv? k`bpw k`m-t\-Xr-Xzhpw k-
`m-hn-izm-kn-Ifpw bmsXmcp Ad-∏p-an√m-
sX ]eni Xn∂p∂p; Xo‰n-°p∂p; Aß-
s\ XSn-®p-ho¿°p-∂p. kzh¿Km-\p-cmK-
sØ Ipdn® k`m-\n-e-]m-Sp-Iƒ°v CtX
]cn-WXn Xs∂-bmWv {]Xo-£n-t°-≠-
30
sX-∂mWv CXx]cy-¥-ap≈ k`m-\o-°-
߃ ]cn-tim-[n-®m¬ a\- n-em-hp-I.
kzh¿K-ssewKn-IX Xn∑bpw in£n-
°-s∏-tS≠ Ip‰-IrXyhp-am-sW∂ a\p-
kvarXn \nb-ahpw AXv kzh¿K-c-Xn-sb-
b√ {]XypX I\y-II - sf If-¶s - ∏-Sp-Øp-
∂-Xns\bmWv \ntj-[n-°p-∂-sX∂pw
kzh¿K-cX - n-°m-cmb tZho-tZ-h∑ - msc {]-
Xn-]m-Zn-°p∂ ]pcm-Wß - sf ]pWy-{K-Ÿ-
ß-fmbn ]cn-K-Wn-°p∂h¿°v AXv sX-
‰m-sW∂v ]d-bm-\m-hn-s√∂pw hmZn°p-
∂ lnµp-{Kq-∏p-I-fp-≠v. "Zn tK B‚ v se-
kv_n-b≥ sshjvWh Atkm-kn-tbj-
≥' (GALVA-108) CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ Iq´m-
bvaI- f - n-sem-∂m-Wv.(26) sshZnIkmln-Xy-
ß-fn¬ ImWp∂ "XrXob {]IrXn'sb-
∂ ]cm-a¿i-Øn¬ kzh¿K-{]-Wb - n-Ifpw
{]W-bn-\n-I-fp-sa√mw Dƒs∏-Sp-sa∂pw
AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ kzh¿Km-\p-cm-KnI-
sf lnµp-aXw AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂p-s≠-∂p-
amWv kzbw IrjvW-`-‡-sc∂v ]cn-Nb-
s∏-Sp-Øp∂ Ch-cpsS hmZw. XrXob {]-
Ir-Xn-sb-Ip-dn® ]cm-a¿i-߃ {ioaZv
alm`mK-hX -- -Ønepw(27) a\p-kvar-Xnbn-
(28)
epw ImWm-sa-¶nepw Ch-sb√mw \-
]pw-k-I-ßsf Dt±-in-®p-sIm-≠m-sW-
∂mWv {]kvXpX ]cm-a¿i-ßf - n¬ \n∂v
a\- n-em-hp-∂X - v. F∂m¬ Ima-Ie - I- sf
Ipdn®v hni-Zo-I-cn-°p∂ hm¬kym-b-
\s‚ Ima-kq-{X-Øn¬(29) kzh¿K-c-Xn-
tbbpw AXns‚ cq]-`m-hß - t- f-bp-sa√mw
Ipdn®v {]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂p-≠v. aq∂mw enwK-
Øn-ep-≈-h¿ ]c-kv]cw ]cn-{K-ln-°m-dp-
s≠∂ Ima-kq{X {]Xn-]m-Z\w(30) kzh-
¿K-hn-hm-l-Øn\v `mc-Xob kaq-lØn-
s‚ AwKo-Im-c-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂psh∂-Xn-
\p≈ kqN-\-bmbmWv Nq≠n--°m-Wn-°-
s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. hy`n-Nm-c-hpw, _em¬kwK-
hpw, inip-c-Xn-bpw, arK-Im-ahpw ]c-]o-
tU-—-bp-sa√mw Ima-kq-{X-Øn¬ ]e-bn-
S-ß-fn-embn ]cm-a¿i-hn-t[-b-am-hp-∂p-
≠v. Ch-sb√mw at‰-sXmcp km[m-cW
kaq-l-tØbpw t]mse ]ucm-WnI`mc-
X-Ønepw \ne-\n-∂n-cp-∂p-sh-∂-√msX
Ch-bvs°√mw kmaq-ln-Imw-Ko-Im-c-ap-
≠m-bn-cp∂psh∂v Ima-kq{X]cm-a¿i-
ß-fn¬ \n∂v a\- n-em-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-
∂n-√. ]pcm-Wß - f - nse tZho-tZ-h∑ - m-cpsS
ssewKnIsshIr-X-ßsf°pdn®v ]cm-
a¿ißfpw `mc-X-Øn¬ Ah-s°√mw
kmaq-ln-Imw-Ko-Im-ca - p≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂-
Xn\v sXfn-hm-°m-hp-∂-X-√. cN-bn-Xm-
hns‚ ssewKn-Im-`n-\n-thiw ssZh-ß-
fn¬ Btcm-]n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-XmWv ]pcm-W-
ß-fn¬ ImWp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ kvarXn
{KŸ-ßf - p-sSbpw [¿Ω-imkv{X{KŸ-ß-
fp-sSbpw ÿnXn AX-√. Ch-bm-bn-cp∂p
`mc-Xob P\-Po-hn-XsØ kzm[o-\n-®n-cp-
∂Xv; Ah-cpsS kmaq-ly-Po-hn-XsØ
Ipdn® \J-Nn-{X-ßs - f-¶nepw \¬Ip-∂Xv
Ch-bm-Wv. a\p-kvar-Xn-bpw(31) A¿Y-im-
kv{X-hp-sa-√mw(32) kzh¿K-ssew-Kn-I-X-
sb Xn∑-bmbpw in£n-°-s∏tS≠ Ip‰-
Ir-Xy-hp-am-bmWv Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂Xv
F∂-Xn¬ \n∂p Xs∂ `mc-Xo-b-kaq-
lw Cu ssewKn-Is - sh-Ir-XsØ AwKo-
I-cn-®n-cp-∂n-s√∂v hy‡-am-hp-∂p-≠v.
sshZn-I-km-ln-Xy-ß-fn¬ \nt∂m
sshZnIkmln-Xy-ß-fn¬ ImWp∂ "XrXob {]IrXn'sb∂
]cm-a¿i-Øn¬ kzh¿K-{]-W-bn-Ifpw {]W-bn-\n-I-fp-sa√mw
Dƒs∏-Sp-sa∂pw AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ kzh¿Km-\p-cm-Kn-Isf
lnµp-aXw AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂p-s≠-∂p-amWv kzbw IrjvW-`-
‡-sc∂v ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ "Zn tK B‚ v sekv_n-b≥
ssh-jvWh Atkm-kn-tb-js‚' hmZw.
`mc-Xob]mc-ºc - y-ßf - n¬ \nt∂m {]tNm-
Z\apƒs°m-≠p-sIm-≠√ {]XypX ]m-
›m-Xy-cpam-bp≈ kl-hm-k-Øn¬ \n-
∂pw ]m›m-Xy-cm-Py-ß-fn-se Pohn-X-
Øn¬ \n∂p-amWv kzh¿Km-\p-cm-Kn-I-
ƒ°p≈ `‡n- { ]- ÿ m- \ - a p- ≠ m- ° m≥
X߃°v {]tNm-Z-\-am-b-sX∂v Km¬h-
bpsS ssh_vssk‰n¬ \n∂p- Xs∂ hy-
‡- a m- h p- ∂ p≠v . (33) CXp- X - s ∂- b mWv
`‡nbpw kzh¿K-c-Xnbpw Iq´n--°p-gbv-
°p∂Xn\p {ian-°p∂ Iq´m-bva-I-fp-tS-
bp-sa√mw Ah-ÿ. kzh¿Km-\p-cm-KsØ
\nb-a-hn-t[-b-am-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn \nb-a-bp-
≤w \S-Ønb \mkv ^ut≠-j\pw `mc-
Xob]mc-º-cy-{]-Imcw AXv Ip‰-I-c-a-
s√∂v ÿm]n-°p-hm≥ Ah-cpsS l¿Pn-
bn¬ {ian-®n-´p-≠v.(34) \mkv ^ut≠-j-
s‚ {]tNm-Z\ - hpw Ata-cn-°b - nse Fbn-
Uvkv ]p\-c-[n-hmk {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fm-W-
t√m. ]m›m-Xy¿ kzoI-cn® A[m-¿an-I-
X-bpsS sshIr-X-߃°v `mc-Xobamb
Imjmbhkv{X-ß-fp-Sp-∏n-°p-hm\p≈
{ia-amWv Ch-sc√mw \S-Øn-s°m-≠n-cn-
2009 sk-]v-Xw-_¿-
°p-∂-Xv.
C¥y≥ in£m-\n-b-a-Ønse 377mw
hIp∏v FSp-Øp-I-f-bp-∂-tXmsS `mc-X-
Ønepw kzh¿K-ssew-Kn-IX - °v kmaq-ln-
Imw-Ko-Imcw e`n-°p∂ Ahÿ kwPm-
X-amhpw C¥y-bnepw ]m›m-Xy-\m-Sp-I-
fn- e pw Pohn- ° p∂ C¥y- ° mcn¬
kzh¿Km-\p-cm-K-Øn-s‚bpw hnhm-l-Øn-
s‚bpw \nc°v A`q-X-]q¿∆-ambn Db-¿-
∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-sW-∂mWv sam-
≠m-\ k¿∆-I-em-ime s{]m^-k-dmb
dqYv h\n-X-bpsS "kvt\-l-Øns‚ A\p-
jvTm\w; C¥y-bnepw ]m›m-Xy-\m-Sp-I-
fn-ep-ap≈ kzh¿K-hn-hmlw'(35) F∂ {K-
Ÿw hy‡-am-°p-∂-Xv. KpP-dm-Ønse
cmPv]n]ve cmP-Ip-am-c-\mb aW-th-{µ-
knw-Kv tKmlnemWv Xms\mcp kzh¿Km-
\p-cm-Kn-bm-sW∂v ]c-ky-ambn {]Jym-]n-
°p∂ BZysØ cmP-Ip-Spw-_m-Kw. X-
s‚ {]]n-Xm-al - \
- mb hnPbv kn‘v tKm-
ln-ens‚ 119mw P∑-Zn-\-Øn-t\m-S-\p-_-
‘n-®v Xm≥ Hcp Ip™ns\ ZsØ-Sp-°p-
sa∂pw Ah-\m-bn-cn°pw Xs‚ ]n≥Km-
anbmbn-cn-°p-I-sb∂pw IqSn At±lw
{]Jym-]n-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn.(36) temIsØ
Htc-sbmcp lnµp-cm-jv{S-ambn Adn-b-s∏-
Sp∂ t\∏m-fnepw kzh¿Km-\p-cm-K-Øn\v
Ct∏mƒ \nb-a-]-c-am-b AwKo-Im-c-ap-≠v.
kzh¿Km-\p-cm-K-n-I-fpsS Ah-Im-i-߃
AwKo-I-cn-®p-sIm-Sp-°-W-sa∂ 2007 Un-
kw-_¿ 21se t\∏mƒ kp{]ow tImSXn
hn[n(37)tbmsSbmWv Cu Ahÿ kw-
Pm-X-am-b-Xv. C¥y≥ in£m-\n-b-Ønse
377mw hIp- ∏ ns‚ ]cn- [ n- b n¬ \n∂v
kzh¿K-cXn \o°w sNø-W-sa∂ 2009
Pqsse 2s‚ U¬ln sslt°m-SXn
\n¿t±iw kzoI-cn-°-s∏-´m¬ C¥ybpw
kzh¿Km-\p-cm-Kn-I-fpsS tIfo-cw-K-am-bn-
Øocpw. aX-\n-b-a-߃ Im‰n¬ ]d-Øp-
31
I-bpw kpJm-t\z-jn-I-ƒ°\p-kr-X-ambn
[m¿anI\nb-a-߃ hymJym-\n-°p-Ibpw
sNøpw. ⁄m\-b⁄ - ß
- f- n¬ sh®v B-
flo-bX - b
- psS Kncn-{]-`m-jW- ß - ƒ \S-°p-
Ibpw Bfl-km-bq-Py-Øn-\m-bp≈ Ejn-
t{]m‡am¿K-ß-sf-Ip-dn®v D]-tZ-in-°-
s∏-Sp-Ibpw AtXm-sSm-∏wXs∂ kaq-l-
Øn¬ A[m¿an-I-X-bpsS hnf-bm-´-߃
\S-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ Ah-ÿ-bp-≠m-
hpw. GsX-¶n-ep-samcp BƒssZ-h-Øn-
s‚ ]mZ-Npw-_\w \S-Øn-bm¬ GsXmcp
kzh¿K-t`m-Kn°pw apap-£p-hm-bn-Øo-cm-
sa∂ ÿnXn kwPm-X-am-hpw. kzh¿Km-
\p-cm-Kn-Iƒ°m-bp≈ `‡n-{]-ÿm-\-ß-
ƒ thtZm-]-\n-j-Øp-Isf X߃°-\p-
Iqe-ambn hymJym-\n-°p-Ibpw Ah-°m-
bp≈ Bflo-b-am¿K-߃ Ah-bn¬
\n∂p-Xs∂ \n¿[-cn-s®-Sp-°p-Ibpw sN-
øpw. {iuX-_p-≤n-bp≈ k\ym-kn-am¿
kaq-l-Øn¬ \ne-\n¬°p∂ Xn∑-bn-
te°v IÆ-S-®p-sIm≠v Xß-fpsS A-
ssZz-X-`m-jWw XpS¿∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°pw.
kzh¿Km-\p-cm-K-Øns‚ Bflo-b-Xbpw
cmjv{So-b-hp-sa√mw `mc-X-Ønepw s]mSn-
s]m-Sn-°p-∂Xv ImWm≥ Gsd-°mew Im-
Øn-cn-t°≠n hcn-I-bn-s√∂v kmcw.
kzh¿K-c-Xn-s°-Xn-sc-bp≈ i‡-am-
b \nb-a-߃ C∂pw \ne-\n¬°p-∂Xv
apkvenwkaq-l-Øn¬ am{X-am-Wv. eqØv
\_nbpsS Ncn{Xw ]d-bp-tºmƒ kz-
h¿K-cXn F{X-tØmfw shdp-°-s∏´-Xm-
sW∂v Jp¿-B≥ hy‡-am-°p-∂p-≠v.
kzh¿K-cX - n-°msc Ipdn®v {]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-
∂ Nne Jp¿-B≥ hN-\ß - ƒ t\m°pI.
""\n߃ temIcn¬ \n∂v BWpß-
fp-sS ASp°¬ sN√pIbmtWm? \nß-
fp-sS c£nXmhv \n߃°v th≠n krjv-
Sn®p X∂n´p≈ \nßfpsS CWIsf
hn´p-I-fbpIbpamtWm? A√, \n߃
AXn{IaImcnIfmb Hcp P\X Xs∂.''
(26:-165,166)
""\n߃ Ima\nhrØn°mbn kv{Xo-
Isf hn´v ]pcpj≥amcpsS ASp°¬
sN√pIbmtWm? A√. \n߃ Ahnth-
Iw ImWn°p∂ Hcp P\XbmIp∂p.''
(27:55)
""kv{XoIsf hn´v ]pcpj≥amcpsS
ASpØv Xs∂ \n߃ ImahnImc-
tØm-sS sN√p∂p. A√, \n߃ AXn-
cphn´v {]h¿Øn°p∂ Hcp P\XbmIp-
∂p.'' (7:81)
""At±lw ]d™p: Fs‚ c£n-Xm-
th, Ipg∏°mcmb Cu P\Xs°Xncn¬
Fs∂ \o klmbn°Wta.'' (29:30)
kzh¿K-c-Xn-°m-cpsS kaq-l-sØ-Ip-
dn® hy‡-amb Nn{Xw \¬Ip-hm≥ ]cym-
]vX-amWv Cu hN-\-߃. AXn-{I-a-Im-
cn-I-fmb P\X (Ju-ap≥ B±q≥), Ahn-
thIw ImWn-°p∂ P\X (Ju-ap≥ XPv-
l-eq≥), AXn-cp-hn´v {]h¿Øn-°p∂
P\-X (Ju-ap≥ apkvcn-^q≥), Ipg-∏-°m-
cmb P\X (Ju-an¬ ap^vkn-Zo≥) F∂n-
ß-s\-bmWv Cu hN-\-ß-fn¬ kzh¿K-
t`m-Kn-I-fmb `qan-bnse BZy-k-ap-Zm-b-
sØ hnfn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Ah¿ sNbvXp-
sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ kzh¿K-cXn Ahn-th-
Ihpw AXn-{I-ahpw AXn-cp-hn´ {]h¿-
Ø-\hpw Ipg-∏-hp-am-sW-∂ hkvXp-X-
bmWv Jp¿-B≥ Cu hN-\-ß-fn-eqsS
]Tn--∏n-°p-∂-Xv. eqØv \_nbpsS
kap-Zmbw sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cp∂ ssewKn-
I-ssh-Ir-XsØ∏‰n ]cm-a¿in-°p-tºm-
gpw Jp¿-B≥ i‡-amb {]tbm-K-ß-fm-
Wv \S-Øp-∂-Xv.
""\mw AhcpsS ta¬ Hcp Xcw ag
h¿-jn∏n°pIbpw sNbvXp. At∏mƒ B
Ip‰hmfnIfpsS ]cyhkm\w Fßs\-
bm-bncp∂psh∂v t\m°pI.'' (7:84)
""eqØns\bpw (ZqX\mbn Ab®p)
Xs‚ P\XtbmSv At±lw C{]Imcw
]d™ kµ¿`w ({it≤bamIp∂p) Xo¿-
®bmbpw \n߃ \oNIrXyamWv sNbv-
Xp sIm≠ncn°p∂Xv. \n߃°p apºv
temIcn¬ Hcmfpw AXpsNøpIbp≠m-
bn´n√.'' (29:28)
""\ns‚ PohnXw Xs∂bmsW- kXyw
Xo¿®bmbpw Ah¿ AhcpsS elcn-
bn¬ hnlcn°pIbmbncp∂p.'' (15:72)
kzh¿K-c-Xn-bn-te¿s∏-Sp-∂-h¿ Ip‰-
hm-fn-I-fm-sW-∂pw (-ap-Pvcn-ao≥) Ah¿
sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂Xv temIØv A-
Xp-hsc Hcmfpw sNbvXn-´n-√mØ AXoh
\nIr-jvSa-- mb Imcy-ß-fm-sW∂pw (^m-
ln-jØv) AXn-te¿s∏-´-h¿ Hcp Xcw
el-cn-bn-em-sW∂pw (k-Ivd-Øv) Cu
hN-\߃ hy‡-am-°p-∂p. Hcp A[¿-
ΩsØ hnfn-°m-hp∂ ]Z-ßs - f√mw Jp¿-
B≥ kzh¿K-c-Xn-s°-Xnsc {]tbm-Kn-®n-
´p-s≠-∂mWv Ch \sΩ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.
{]Ir-Xn-hn-cp-≤hpw a\p-jy-Xz-clnXhpw
Ima-Øn¬ am{Xw tI{µo-Ir-X-hp-amb
kzh¿K-c-Xnsb Hcp-\n-e°pw AwKo-I-cn-
°m-\m-hn-s√∂ \ne-]m-SmWv Ckvem-an-
2009 sk-]v-Xw-_¿-
t‚-Xv F∂¿Yw.
apl-ΩZv \_n  C°mcyw Du∂n-]-
d-bp-∂Xv hy‡-am-°p∂ \nc-h[n lZo-
Yp-I-fp-≠v. Pm_n¿ \nth-Z\w \_n
]d™p: ""eqØns‚ kap-Zmbw sNbvX
Xn∑- b mWv Fs‚ P\- X - b n¬ Rm≥
G‰hpw IqSp-X¬ `b-s∏-Sp-∂X - v.'' (Xn¿an-
Zn, C_v\p-am-P)
C_v\p A∫mkv  \nth-Z\w: \_n
 ]d™p: ""eqØns‚ kap-Zmbw sNbv-
X Xn∑ sNøp∂-hsc A√mlp i]n-°-
s´; arK-ßsf Ima\nhr-Øn-°p-th≠n
D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-hscbpw A√mlp i]n-
°s´'' (\_n CXv aq∂p {]mhiyw B-
h¿Øn-®p) (\-km-Cu, Alva-Zv)
C_v\p A∫m-kv \nth-Z\w: \_n
 ]d™p: ""eqØns‚ P\w sNbvX Xn-
∑ sNøp-∂-hsc \n߃ I≠m¬ AXv
sNbvX-h-tcbpw AXn\v D]-tbm-Kn-®-h-
tcbpw \n߃ sIm∂pIf-bpI'' (Xn¿an-
Zn, A_q-Zm-hq-Zv, C_v\p-am-P)
kz-h¿K-c-Xn-s°-Xn-sc-bp≈ \nba-
߃ ]Tn-∏n-°pI am{X-a√, AXn√m-Xm-
°phm\p≈ [m¿an-I-\n¿tZ-i-߃ IqSn
\¬Ip-∂p≠v Ckvemw. sNdp-∏Ø - n-ep≈
at\m-hy-Xn-bm-\-amWv Nnesc kzh¿K-
c-Xn-°m-cm°n Xo¿°p-∂sX∂v \mw a\-
 n-em-°n-bn-´p-≈-Xm-Wv. CØcw hyXn-
bm-\ -ß ƒ°p≈ \nan- Ø - a m- b n- Ø o- cp-
∂Xv ]e-t∏mgpw CXc enwK-Øn-ep-≈-
h-cpsS hkv{Xw [cn-°p∂ ioe-am-Wv.
shdpsX Hcp Xam-i-°p-th≠n amXm-]n-
Xm-°-fm¬ XpS°w Ipdn-°-s∏-Sp∂ Cu
Zpx-ioew ]e-t∏mgpw amc-I-amb at\m-
hy-Xn-bm-\a- mbnØocm-dp-≠v. FXn¿enwK-
Øn-ep-≈-h-cpsS hkv{Xw [cn-°p-tºmƒ
kwXr-]vXn°v ASn-a-s∏-Sp-∂-h-cn¬ (tra-
nsvestism) ]ecpw kzh¿Km-\p-cm-Kn-I-fm-
bnØocm-dp-≠v. kv{Xo]p-cp-j∑ - m¿ FXn¿-
enw-K-Øn-ep-≈-h-cpsS hkv{Xw [cn-°p-
∂Xv Ckvemw i‡ambn hne-°p-∂p≠v.
ssewKn-I-ssh-Ir-X-ßfnte°v Imse-Sp-
Øp-sh-°p-∂X - ns‚ {]mYanI]Sn AS-®p-
I-f-bp-I-bmWv Ckvemw CXp-hgn sNbv-
Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. C_v\p A∫m-kv \nth-
Z\w: ""kv{Xothjw [cn-°p∂ ]pcp-j-
∑m-tcbpw ]pcp-j-thjw [cn-°p∂ kv-
{XoI-tfbpw \_n i]n-°p-Ibpw A-
Ø-c° - msc ho´n¬ \n∂v ]pd-Øm-°p-hm-
≥ I¬∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.'' (_p-Jm-cn)
Iuam-c-{]m-b-Øn-ep-≈-h¿ Hcp-an®p
32
InS-°p-∂X - mWv ]e-t∏mgpw kzh¿Km-\p-
cm-K-Øn-te-°p≈ hmXn-embn-Øo-cp-∂-
Xv. Htc- enw-K-Øn-ep-≈-h-cm-sW-¶nepw
Hcp-an®p InS-°p-∂Xv kq£n-®m-I-W-sa-
∂vv Ckvemw \njvI¿jn-°p-∂p. A_q-
lp-ssdd \nth-Z\w: {]hm-N-I≥ ]d-
™p: ""Xß-fpsS \·X ad-°msX Hcp
]pcp-j≥ as‰mcp ]pcp-jt- \m-S∏ - tam Hcp
kv{Xo as‰mcp kv{Xotbm--sS-m∏tam InS-
°-cp-Xv.'' (A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv)
A]-cs‚ \·X Bkz-Zn-°p-∂Xn-eq-
sS-bmWv Nne-t∏mƒ Nne¿ kzh¿Km-\p-
cm-Kn-I-fm-bn-Øo-cm-dp-≈-Xv. a‰p-≈-h-cpsS
\·X Bkz-Zn-°p-∂-Xn-eqsS Bfl-kw-
Xr-]vXnbpw ssewKn-I-kw-Xr-]vXnbpw h-
sc e`n-°p∂ at\m-ssh-Ir-X (Voyeur-
ism)-Øn-te°p hsc Cu \·-Xm-kzm-Z-
\w sN∂-Øm-dp-≠v. kzh¿Km-\p-cm-Kn-I-
fn¬ ]ecpw thmb-dn-Ãp-Iƒ IqSn-bm-Wv.
a‰p-≈-h-cpsS \·X ImWp-∂Xp Xs∂
hne-°p∂ Ckvemw kzh¿Km-\p-cmKw
IS-∂p-h-cm≥ km[y-X-bp≈ as‰mcp
hmXn-ep-IqSn Xmgn-Sp-Ib- mWv sNøp-∂X - v.-
A_q kCu-Zp¬ JpZvcn \nth-Z\w:
{]hm-N-I≥ ]d™p: ""Hcp ]pcp-j\pw
as‰mcp ]pcp-js‚ \·-X-bn-te°v t\m-
°m≥ ]mSn-√. Hcp kv{Xobpw as‰mcp kv-
{XobpsS \·-X-bn-te°v t\m°p-hm≥
]mSn-√'' (A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv)
kz¥w CW-bp-ambnt∏mepw KpZssa-
Yp-\w (anal sex) ]mSn-s√-∂mWv Ckvemw
\njvI¿jn-°p-∂-Xv. CXp-hgn kzh¿Km-
\p-cm-K-Øn-te-°p≈ as‰mcp hmXn¬
IqSn Ckvemw AS-®p-I-f-bp-∂p. CW-bp-
am-bp≈ KpZssa-Yp\ioew Nne¿s°-
¶nepw kzh¿K-c-Xn-bn-te-°p≈ ]meam-
bn-Øo-cm-dp-≠v. ae-Zzm-c-Øn-eq-sS-bp≈
enwK-{]-thiw i‡-ambn hne-°-s∏´
Xn∑-I-fn-sem-∂m-Wv. A_q-lp-ssdd 
\nth-Z\w: \_n ]d™p: ""B¿Ø-h-
Im-cn-Isf kao-]n-°p-∂-hcpw KpZ-ssa-
Yp\w sNøp-∂h - cpw tPm¬ky¿°-SpØv
t]mbn {]iv\w sh®p t\m°n AXv k-
Xy-am-sW∂v hniz-kn-°p∂-hcpw aplΩ-
Zn \v Ah-X-cn-∏n-®-Xn¬ Ahn-iz-kn-®n-
cn-°p-∂p.'' (A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv)
kzh¿K- c - X nsb hy`n- N m- c - t ØmSv
kam-\-am-bn-´mWv an° BZy-Ime apkv-
enw]WvUn-X∑ - mcpw ]cn-KW - n-®n-cn-°p-∂-
Xv. BZy Jeo-^-bpsS Ime-Øp-≠mb
Hcp kzh¿K- c Xn kw`- h - s Ø- I p- d n®v
l\^n ]WvUn-X-\mb C_v\p lpamw
Xs‚ "^Xvlp¬ JZo-dn¬' D≤-cn-°p-∂p- s∏-Sp-∂-hsc sIm∂p-I-f-b-W-sa∂pw {]iv \ - ß - s fbpw Ah- I m- i - ß - s fbpw
≠v. ]nSn-°-s∏´ kzh¿K-t`m-Kn-Iƒ°v ]ns∂-bmcpw B Xn∑-bn-te°v t]mhm≥ Ipdn®v t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn\pw Ah-
F¥v in£ \¬I-W-sa∂v Bcm-b-\m- CS-hc - p-Øcp-sX∂pw Ckvemw ]Tn-∏n-°p- cpsS PohnXssien F¥m-sW∂v a‰p-
bn A_q-_° - ¿ {]ap-Jc - mb kzlm-_n- ∂p. kzh¿K-cX - n-bn-te°v t{]cn-∏n-°p-∂ ≈- h sc Adn- b n- ° p- ∂ - X n\pw th≠n-
am-sc-sb√mw hnfn-®p-Iq´nsb∂pw Ah¿ kmaq-ly-km-lN - c
- y-߃
- \ne-\n¬°p∂ bp≈ Hcp amknI ssa Imfn (My Kaali)
N¿®- sN-bvX-t∏mƒ Aen Ahsc I- kaq-l-ß-fn¬ Pohn-°p∂ apkvenwIfm- 2008 s^{_p-h-cn- amkw apX¬ tPm¿Zm-
Øn-®p-I-f-bp-hm≥ \n¿tZ-in-®p-sh-∂p-am- Is´; AXn-te°v t{]cn-∏n-°p∂ kµ¿`- \n¬ \n∂v {]kn-≤o-°-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p-
Wv kw`-hw.(38) Camw amen-°v, Camw ß-fn¬ \n∂v ]q¿W-ambpw hns´m-gn™v ≠v.(43) CtX Imcy-Øn-\p-th-≠n-bp≈
AlvaZ- v Camw im^n XpS-ßnb aZvl- amdn-\n¬°-Ws - a∂pw Ckvemw \njvI¿- Hcp sh_vssk‰pw (www.gaymiddle
_ns‚ ]WvUn-X-∑m¿ kzh¿K-t`m-Kn- jn-°p-∂p. hy`n-Nm-ct- ØmSv ASp-Øp-t]m- east.com) {]h¿Ø\k÷-amWv. Ch-bp-
Iƒ°v hnhm-l-Xn-cmb hy`n-Nm-cn-Iƒ°v I-cpXv F∂ Jp¿-B-\nII¬]\ Chn- sS-sb√mw {]h¿Ø-\-^-e-ambn kDuZn
\¬Ip∂ in£ Xs∂ \¬IWsa∂ tS-bpw _m[-I-am-Wv. Atd_y AS- ° - a p≈ cmPy- ß fn¬
]£-°m-cm-Wv. kml-Ncyßsf Ipdn®v ""\n߃ hy`nNmcsØ kao]n®v kzh¿Km-\p-cm-Kn-I-fpsS FÆw h¿[n-®p-
]Tn® tijw \ymbm-[n-]\ - mWv kzh¿K- t]m-IcpXv. Xo¿®bmbpw AXv Hcp \oN- h-cn-Ib- m-sW∂mWv Ah¿ Ah-Im-is - ∏-
t`m-Kn-Iƒ°p≈ DNn-X-amb in£ Xocp- hrØnbpw Zpjn® am¿Khpam-Ip∂p.'' Sp-∂-Xv.(44) C{km-bo-en¬ \n∂p XpS-ßp-
am-\n-t°-≠Xv F∂mWv Camw A_q-l- (17:32) ∂ \yq\-a¿±w kDuZn Atd-_y-bpsS
XocØv sImSp-¶m-‰mbn ]Xn-°p-sa∂
IW-°p-Iq-´e - n-emWv ZpjvSX
- {- ¥-ßf - psS
kzh¿K-c-Xn-bn-te°v t{]cn-∏n-°p∂ Xn≥a-Iƒ C√mbva Np°m≥ ]nSn-°p-∂-h-sc∂mWv tXm∂p-
∂-Xv. BZ¿i-k-a-c-Øn¬ ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-
sNøp-Ibpw Xß-fpsS ssewKnIXrjvW-bpsS ]q¿Øo-I-c- tºmƒ AI- Ø p- I - S ∂v \in- ∏ n- ° pI-
W-Øn\v \nb-X-amb am¿K-߃ Xpd-∂p-sIm-Sp-°p-Ibpw sb∂-Xm-Wt√m F°m-e-Øp-ap≈ PqX-
sNbvX-Xn\p tijhpw {]Ir-Xn-hn-cp-≤-amb sshIr-X-ß-fn- X{¥w. kzh¿K-c-Xnsb \nb-a-hn-t[-b-am-
°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ A¥m-cmjv{Skaql-Øn-
te¿s∏-Sp-∂-hsc sIm∂p-I-f-b-W-sa∂pw ]ns∂-bmcpw B s‚ apd-hn-fn-Iƒ°p ]n∂n¬ Cu PqX-
Xn∑-bn-te°v t]mhm≥ CS-h-ccp-sX∂pw Ckvemw ]Tn-∏n X-{¥w Xs∂-bm-hptam {]h¿Øn-°p-
°p∂p. ∂Xv?!
2008 Unkw-_¿ 18\v sFIy-cm-jv{S-
k-`-bpsS 67 AwK-cm-Py-߃ tN¿∂v
\o-^bpsS ]£w.(39) {]kn≤ ]WvUn- kzh¿K-cX - n-s°-Xnsc i‡-amb km- ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn® "ssewKn-Im-`n-\n-th-i-Øn-
X\pw kDuZn Atd-_y-bnse ^Xvh aq-ly-\n-b-a-߃ C∂v \ne-\n¬°p-∂Xv \pw enwK-hy-‡n-Xz-Øn\pw th≠n-bp≈
t_m¿Uv AwK-hp-amb ssiJv apl-ΩZv apkvenw\mSp-I-fn-em-Wv. kDuZn Atd- sFIy-cmjv{Sk`m {]Jym-]\w(45) (UN
kzmenlv A¬ ap\-÷nZv kzh¿K-t`m- _y, sba≥, au-dn-Ym-\nb, bp.-F.C, tkm- Declaration on Sexual Orient Nation and
Knsb sIm∂pIf-bW - s
- a-∂mWv Ckvemw am-enb XpS-ßn-bn-S-ß-fn¬ ac-W-in-£- Gender Identity) hmbn-®m¬ CØ-c-sam-
hn[n-°p-∂-sX∂v sXfn-hp-I-fpsS shfn- hsc hn[n- ° m- h p∂ Ip‰- I r- X y- a mWv cp X{¥w Xs∂-bmWv Cu \o°-߃°p
®-Øn¬ ka¿Yn-°p-∂p-≠v.(40) kzh¿K-c-Xn. AƒPo-cn-b, _lv-ssd≥, ]n∂n-ep-≈-sX∂v hy‡-am-hp-w. {^m≥-
a‰p in£m-hn-[n-I-sf-t∏m-se-Øs∂ _w•m-tZ-iv, {_qssW, Fdn-{Xn-b, Kmw- kpw s\X¿em‚ vkpw IqSn {]tXyI
kzh¿K-c-Xn-°pw sX‰p-sN-øp-∂-h¿°p- _n-b, Kn\n-b, Cdm≥, ate-jy, samtdm- Xm¬]-cy-sa-SpØp Ah-X-cn-∏n® {]Jym-
≈ in£- hn-[n-°pI am{X-a√ Ckvemw s°m, Ham≥, ]m°n-ÿm≥, JØ¿, ]\w Bh-iy-∏-Sp-∂Xv F√m sFIy-cm-
sNøp-∂-Xv. Xn∑-Iƒ sNøm≥ \n¿_- sk\-K¬, knb-d entbm¨, kndn-b, jv{Sk`mw-KX - z-ap≈ cmPy-ßfpw kzh¿K-
‘n--° p∂ kml- N - c y- ß ƒ C√mbv a Sm≥km-\n-b, Xp\n-jy, Xp¿°p-am-\n- cXn Ip‰-ap-‡-am-°-W-sa-∂m-Wv. bqtdm-
sNbvXX - n\p tijhpw GsX-¶nepw Ip‰- ÿm≥, Dkvs_-°n-ÿm≥ F∂n-h-S-ß- ]y≥ bqWn-b-\nse apgp-h≥ cmjv{S-
Ir-Xy-ßf - n¬ Bsc-¶nepw AI-s∏-Sp-∂p- fn-se√mw ]ngbpw Imcm-Kr--l-hm-khpw ßfpw sk‚ v eqbnkv Hgn- s I- b p≈
sh-¶n¬ Ah¿ kmaq-ly-hn-cp-≤cpw amXr- in£-bmbn \¬Im-hp∂ Ip‰-Ir-Xy-am- Ata-cn-°≥ cmjv{S-ß-fp-sa√mw Cu
Im-]c- a
- mb in£ A¿ln-°p∂hcp-amWv Wv.(41) {]Jym-]-\-Øn¬ H∏p-sh-®n-´p-≠v.(46) 57 -
F∂mWv Ckvem-ans‚ \ne-]m-Sv. kzh- F∂m¬ a[y-]u-c-kvXy-tZ-isØ sF-Iy-cm-jv{S-k-`mw-K-߃ Cu {]Jym-
¿K-c-Xn-bn-te°v t{]cn-∏n-°p∂ Xn≥a- kzh¿K- { ]- W - b - n I- f psS Xe- ÿ m\w ]-\sØ \ncm-I-cn-°p-Ibpw C∂phsc
Iƒ C√mbva sNøp-Ibpw Xß-fpsS F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp∂ sS¬ Aho-hn¬(42) \n- k` ]pe¿Øn-t∏m∂ a\p-jym-h-Im-i-
ssewKnIXrjvW-bpsS ]q¿Øo-I-c-W- ∂v kzh¿K-ssew-Kn-IXsb ASpØ{]- \n¿∆-N-\-Øn¬ \n∂p≈ hyXn-bm-\-am-
Øn\v \nb-X-amb am¿K-߃ Xpd-∂p- tZ-i-ß-fn-te-s°√mw Cd-°p-aXn sNbv- Wn-sX∂v hy‡-am-°p-Ibpw sNb-Xn-´p-
sIm-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNbvX-Xn\p tijhpw Xp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-IbmWn∂v. a[y-]uc- ≠v. apkvenwcmPy-ß-fmWv Cu \ncm-I-
{]Ir-Xn-hn-cp-≤-amb sshIr-X-ß-fnte¿- kvXytZisØ kzh¿Km-\p-cm-Kn-I-fpsS c-W-Øn\p ap∂n-ep-≈-Xv. kzh¿Km-\p-

2009 sk-]v-Xw-_¿- 33
cmKw Hcp a\p-jym-h-Imi {]iv\-a-s√-
∂pw AXv P\n-X-Ihpw {]Ir-Xn-]-c-hp-am-
sW∂ hmZw ASn-ÿm-\-c-ln-X-am-sW-
∂pw AXns\ Ip‰- h n- a p- ‡ - a m- ° p∂
{]{Inb inip-Im-asØ t]mse-bp≈
sshIr-Xß - s - fbpw A\p-hZ- n-°p-∂X- n-te-
°mWv Ah-km\w FØn-°p-I-sb∂pw
Ah-cpsS \ncm-I-cW Ipdn-∏n¬ hy‡-
am-°n-bn-´p-≠v.(47) kzh¿K-c-Xn-s°-Xn-sc-
bp≈ \nb-a-\-S-]-Sn-Iƒ Ah-km-\n-∏n-°-
W-sa∂mh-iy-s∏-Sp∂ {]Jym-]-\-Øn\v
A\p-Iq-e-ambn \n∂ \mte \mev G-jy-
≥ cmjv{S-ß-fn-sem-∂v C{km-tb-em-Wv.
X߃ BZ-cn-°p∂ thZ-{K-Ÿ-Øn¬
kzh¿K-c-Xn-s°-Xnsc i‡-amb \nb-a-
ap-≠m-bn´pw AXn-\-\p-Iq-e-ambn \ne-]m-
sS-Sp-°p-hm\pw AXns\ temI-hym-]-I-
am°p∂-Xn-\p≈ ]cn-{i-a-߃°v ap∂n-
¬ \S-°p-hm\pw temIsØ Htc-sbmcp
PqX-cm-jv{S-Øn\v {]tNm-Z-\-am-hp-∂Xv
a\p-jym-h-Im-i-ß-tfm-Sp≈ AZ-ay-amb
kvt\l-am-sW∂v Icp-Xm≥ bmsXmcp
\ymb-hp-an-√. P\n-®p-h-f¿∂ kz¥w \m-
´n-semcp hnem-k-Øn\p th≠n Ih-W-
sb-Sp-°p∂ ^e-kvXo\nss]X-ßsf
_pƒtUm-k-dp-I-fp-]-tbm-Kn®v Iim-∏p-
sN-øp-∂-h¿°v kzh¿Km-\p-cm-Kn-I-fpsS
{]bm-k-߃ C{X-tØmfw he-b a\p-
jym-h-Imi {]iv\-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂-sX-¥p-
sIm-≠m-sW∂v Nn¥n-°p-tºm-gmWv Cu
]cn-{i-a-Øn\p ]n∂n-ep≈ krKme_p-
≤n-sb-s¥∂v a\- n-em-°m-\m-hp-I. kzh-
¿Km-\p-cm-Kn-Iƒ°v kz¥w cmjv{S-Øn¬
am\y-amb ÿm\w \¬In BZ-cn-°p-
Ibpw Ab¬cm-Py-ßf - n-te°v IqSn AXv
Ib‰n Ab®v Bkz-Zn-°p-Ib - p-amWv PqX-
cmjv{Sw sNøp-∂-Xv. sFIy-cm-jv{S-k-`-
bpsS HØm-i-tbm-Sp-IqSn apkvenw-Isf
[m¿an-I-ambn XI¿°p-∂-Xns‚ Xe-
ÿm-\w IqSn-bmbnØocp-I-bmWv a[y-
]u-c-kvXy-tZ-isØ kzh¿K-{]-W-bn-I-
fpsS Xe-ÿm\w F∂¿Yw.
kz-h¿K-cX - nsb am\y-ambn ImWp∂
kaq-l-߃ \mi-Øn-te-°mWv \bn-°-
s∏-Sp-I-sb-∂m-XmWv ktZmw Ktamd
\¬Ip∂ ]mT-ß-fn¬ {][m-\-s∏-´-Xv.
kzh¿Km-\p-cm-KsØ am\y-h¬°cn-°p-
∂-Xn-\p-th≠nbp≈ ]cn-{i-a-߃ XIr-
X-nbmbn \S-°p-∂-Xn-\n-S-bn-em-Wt√m
am\-hc - m-in-sb `oXn-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-≠n-cn-
°p∂ FbnUvkv tcmK-Øns‚ BK-a-
\-ap-≠m-b-Xv. 1981 Pq¨ 5\v temkv B-
2009 sk-]v-Xw-_¿-
©¬knse A©v kzh¿K-c-Xn-°m-¿°n-
S-bn-emWv A∂v \yqtam-kn-Ãnkv \yqtam-
Wnb (Pneumocystis Pneumonia) F∂v
hnfn°p∂ FbnUvkv tcmKm-Wp-°ƒ
BZy-ambn dnt∏m¿´v sNø-s∏-´-Xv.(48) 2007
se IW-°p-Iƒ {]Imcw temIØv aq∂-
c-t°m-Sn-tbmfw FbnUvkv tcmKn-If - p≠v;
3.3 e£w Ip´n-I-f-S°w Ccp-]-Øn-sbm-
∂v e£-Øne-[nIw t]¿ FbnUvkv
_m[n-X-cmbn acWs∏-´n-´p-≠v.(49) 2003¬
Ata- c n- ° - b nse "skt‚gv k v t^m¿
Fbn-Uvkv I¨t{Smƒ' (CDC) ]pd-Øn-
d-°nb dnt∏m¿´v {]Imcw FbnUvkv tcm-
Kn-Ifn¬ 63 iX-am-\-hp-ap-≠m-hp-∂Xv
kzh¿K-t`mKw hgn-bm-Wv.(50) Fbn-Uv-
kn\v Imc-W-°m-c-\mbn Icp-X-s∏-Sp∂
F-®v.-sF.hn (Human Immunodeficiency
Virus) ]I-cp-∂Xv ssewKn-Im-h-b-h-ß-
fn-eq-sSbpw c‡-Øn-eq-tS-bp-am-Wv. AXv
ico-cØ - n-se-Øn-°g- n-™m¬ Gsd \mƒ
kpjp-]vXn-bn¬ Ign-bp-Ibpw Ah-k-c-
ap-≠m-hp-tºmƒ c‡-Ønse {]Xn-tcm-[m-
Wp-°-fmb CDC4+T tImi-ßsf \in-
∏n-°p-hm≥ XpS-ßp-Ibpw sNøpw. a\p-
jy-ic - o-cØ
- ns‚ {]Xn-tcm-[h - y-hÿ - sb
XI¿°p-IbmWv F®v.-sF.hn sNøp-∂-
Xv. Pe-tZmjw t]mepw amc-I-am-Ip∂
Ah-ÿ-bmWv CXv aqew D≠m-bn-Øo-
cp- I . acp- ∂ p- I - s fm∂pw ^en- ° msX
Xo{h-amb thZ-\-tbm-Sp-IqSn C©n-©m-
bn acn-°p∂ Ah-ÿ. tæO-amb Pohn-
X-N-cy-߃ kzoI-cn-°p-∂-h¿°v amc-I-
amb tcmK-ß-fm¬ ]co-£n-°-s∏-´p-sh-
∂ apl-ΩZv \_nbpsS ap∂-dn-bn∏v C-
tXmSv tN¿Øv hmbn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. C_v-
\p Da¿ \nth-Z\w: ""tæOX GsXmcp
P\-X-bn¬ {]I-S-am-hp-Ibpw {]N-cn-°p-
Ibpw sNøp-∂pthm Ah-cn¬ amc-Ia - mb
tcmK-߃ hym]n-°p-∂X - m-Wv.'' (C-_v\p-
am-P, ss_-lJn)
Ncn-{X-Øn¬ \nt∂m h¿Ø-am-\-
Ime A\p-`h - ß- f - n¬ \nt∂m ]mTw ]Tn-
°msX kzh¿Km- \ p- c m- K sØ am\y-
h¬°cn-°m\pw AXv sNøp-∂-h¿°v
a\p-jym-hI - m-iØ- ns‚ B\p-Iqeyw \¬-
Ip-∂-Xn-\p-amWv kaq-l-Øns‚ ]pd-∏m-
sS-¶n¬ AXv kmaq-ly-hn-]-Øp-Iƒ°m-
bn-cn°pw hmXn¬ Xpd-∂p-sIm-Sp-°p-I.
kzh¿K-c-Xn-b-S-°-ap≈ ssewKn-Im-kzm-
Z-\-߃°v Ign-bp-∂ Xpd∂ thZn-bm-bn-
Øoc-Ww temIw apgp-h-\psa∂m-{K-ln-
°p-∂-h-cp-sS Acm-P-I-hmZw \mi-Øn-
34
te°-√m-sX \≥a-bn-te°v kaq-lsØ
\bn-°p-sa∂v Icp-Xm≥ bmsXmcp \ymb-
hp-an-√. cmjv{S-ßf - pw aoamw-kI
- cpw cmjv-
{S-Iq-´m-bva-I-fp-sa√mw {]kvXpX Acm-P-
I-Xz-Øn\v NqSp-]n-Sn-°p-∂-h-cm-bn-Øo-cp-
tºmƒ [m¿an-I-X-bpsS ]cn-N-sIm≠v
am{Xta Xn∑-I-fn¬ \n∂pw Ah -aq-e-ap-
≠m-hp∂ \mi-Øn¬ \n∂pw temIsØ
c£n-°m-\m-hq. hnip-≤-Jp¿-B\pw Xncp-
kp-∂Øpw hc-®p-Im-Wn-°p∂ Pohn-X-
hn-ip-≤n-bpsS ]mX am{X-amWv C∂v tem-
I-Øn\p apºn¬ c£-bmbn _m°n-bp-
≈-Xv. a\p-jy-cpsS Ic-hn-cp-Xp-I-fn¬
\n∂v kwc-£n-°-s∏´v \ne-\n¬°p∂
ssZhn-I-amb {]kvXpX t{kmX- p-Iƒ
bYm¿Y- Ø n- e p≈ Pohn- X m- k zm--Z - \ -
Øns‚ ]mX-bmWv {]Zm-\w- sN-øp-∂-Xv.
hnip-≤n-bn-eq-sS-bp≈ Bkzm-Z-\-Øn\p
am{Xsa bYm¿Y-amb kwXr-]vXnbpw
kam-[m-\hpw \¬Im≥ Ign-bq. B¿Øn-
bpw B{Im¥hpw \mi-Øn-te°p am-
{Xsa a\p-jysc \bn-°q-sh-∂XmWv
Ncn-{Xw \¬Ip∂ ]mTw; h¿Ø-am-\w
\sΩ sXcy-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xpw as‰m-∂-√.
d-^-d-≥-kv-
1. Thomas A Dowson in Pamela L Gellar &
Miranda K Stockett : Feminist Anthropology Past
Present and Future (2006) Chapter 5,Page 89-
102
2. www.egyptology.comniankhkhnum_khuum
hotep/
3. www.egyptarchieve.co.uk/html saggara_to
mbs_32.html
4. Michael Rice :Who is who in Ancient Egypt
(2001)
5. www.biblestudy.org/beginner/learn_ba
sic_bible_timeline/chapter4.html
6. http : //isramar.ocean.org.il/Dead sea/
7. http : //news.bbc.co.uk/2/ni/middle_east/
1497476-5tm
8. Beerte c.Verstraete & Vernon L Provencal : Same
sex desire and Love in Greeco-Roman Antiguity
and in the Classical Tradition of the West (2006)
Page 45-49
9. Judith P Hallett & Merilyn B Skinner : Roman
Sexualities (1997) Page 343
10. The Histories Vol 6, Chapter 37,Polybius
11. www.ccel.org/ccel/aquinas/summa.SS_
Q154_A12.html
12. www.guardian.co.uk/world/2005/feb/26/ gayrig
hts.religion/
13. http : //uwpress.wise.edu/books/2576.htm
14. Rabbi Steven Greenberg: Wrestling With God
and Men: Homosexuality in the Jewish Tradi
tion (2005) Page 46
15. http://out-com/detail.asp?id=22719
16. The Jerusalempost 30-1-2007 (www.jpost.com)
17. http://www.haaret2.com/hasen/spages/10700
60.html
 kzh¿K-ssew-Kn-IX
{]Ir-Xn-b√; hnIr-Xn-bm-Wv
A-_q-^¿kn≥Zv ■- C¥y≥ in£m-\n-b-a-Ønse 377mw hIp-∏ns‚ hcp-Xn-bn¬ \n∂v kzh¿K-c-
Xnsb \o°w sNø-W-sa∂p \n¿tZ-in-®p-sIm-≠p≈ U¬ln sslt°m-SXnhn[n
h∂v aq∂p Znh-k-߃°p-tijw ]pd-Øn-d-°nb amXr-`qan hmcm-¥-∏-Xn-∏n¬ ta\-
Im-Km-‘n-bpsS "arK-ßf - psS kzh¿K-cXn'sb∂ Xe-s°-t´mSp IqSnb Hcp teJ\w
{]kn-≤o-I-cn-®n-cp-∂p.(1) arK-{]-iv\-ßsf Ipdn®v hmcm-¥-∏-Xn-∏n¬ Ah-¿ Fgp-Xn-
h-cp∂ "Acpa'sb∂ tImf-Øn¬ h∂ {]kvXpX teJ\w Pq¨ 30\v "_olm¿
ssSwkn¬'(2) Ah¿ Xs∂ Fgp-Xnb "kzh¿K-ssew-Kn-IX arK-tem-IØv {]Ir-Xn-
s°-Xn-c√' (Homosexuality is not against nature in Animal Kingdom) F∂ teJ-\-
Øns‚ t\¿ ]cn-`m-j-bmWv.- amXr-`q-an-bpsS Cw•ojv sh_vssk-‰n¬ _olm¿
ssSw-kn¬ h∂ teJ\w AtX-]Sn \¬Ip-I-bmWv sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.(3) F∂m¬
ae-bmf ]cn-`m-j-bpsS ÿnXn AX-√. hnh¿Ø-I≥ X\n°p tXm∂nb Xncp-Ø-
ep-I-sf√mw hcp-Øm≥ th≠{X kzmX-{¥y-sa-Sp-Øn-´p-≠v, AXn¬. while coun-
tries waste time on making Laws on rediculas issues like abortion and homosexual-
2009 sk-]v-Xw-_¿- 37
 arK-߃ sNøp-∂-sX√mw a\p-jy¿°v {]Ir
-Xn-]-c-am-bn-Øo-cp-sa-¶n¬ \c-t`m-P-\hpw, AK-
ay-Ka- \
- hpsa√mw a\p-jy-{]-Ir-Xn°v \nc-°p∂-
Xm-sW∂v ]d-tb-≠n-h-cpw. kz¥w Poh-Pm-Xn-
bn¬ s]´-hsc `£n-°p∂ \q‰n-\m¬]tXmfw
Poh-n-h¿K-ß-fp-s≠-∂mWv IW--°m-°n-bn-cn-
°p-∂-Xv. -AXn-\m¬ a\p-jy-k-aq-l-Øn¬ \c-
t`m-P\w {]Ir-Xn-]c - a
- m-sW∂pw AXv A\p-hZn-
°s∏-S-W-sa-∂p-ap≈ hmZ-w {]mY-anI]cnKW-
\ t]mepw A¿ln-°mØ shdp-samcp hmZw
am{X-am-sW∂-XmWv hmkvX-hw.

ity, the rest of the animal world take these issues as natural F∂ BZy JWvUnI-bn- Xn∂p-∂Xv _lp-`q-cn-]-£hpw kz¥w
se Ah-km\ hmN-I-Øn\v \¬Inb ]cn-`mj Cß-s\-bm-Wv. "temIw apgp-h-\pw Ip™p-ß-sf-Ø-s∂-bm-Wv. kz¥w h¿-
kzh¿K-c-Xn-sb-°p-dn®v N¿® sNøp-tºmgpw \nb-a-\n¿am-W-Øns\mcpßp-tºmgpw K-Øn-ep-≈-hsc `£n-°p∂ k{º-Zmbw
arK-߃ C°mcyw {]Ir-Xn-hn-cp-≤-am-b√ ImWp-∂-Xv.' K¿`On{Zh-pw kzh¿K-ssew- \q‰n-\m¬]-tXmfw Pohn-h¿K-ß-ƒ°nS-
Kn-I-Xbpw Fß-s\-bmWv _‘-s∏-Sp-∂sX∂v ]cn-`mjI\v a\- n-em-Im-Ø-Xp- bn¬ \ne-\n¬°p-∂psh-∂-Xn-\m¬ a\p-
sIm-≠mhmw At±lw ta\Im Km‘n-bpsS teJ-\-Øn¬ \n∂v K¿`-On-{ZsØ jy-k-aq-l-Ønepw \c-t`m-P\w {]Ir-Xn-
]pd-Øm-°p-hm\p≈ kzmX-{¥y-sa-Sp-Ø-Xv. sekv_n-b≥ s^an-\n-Ãp-Iƒt° Ch ]-c-am-sW∂pw AXn-\m¬ AXv A\p-h-
XΩn-ep≈ _‘w th≠ cq]-Øn¬ a\- n-em-hq. arK-tem-IØpw kzh¿K-cXn Zn-°s∏-SW - s- a-∂p-ap≈ hmZ-ßfpw {]mY-
\ne-\n¬°p-∂p-s≠∂pw AXn-\m¬ AXv {]Ir-Xn-]-c-am-sW∂pw a\p-jy-k-aq-l- anI]cn-K-W\ t]mepw A¿ln-°mØ
Øn¬ AXv A\p-hZ- n-°m-Xn-cn-°p-∂Xv a\p-jym-hI - m-ie
- w-L\amsW-∂p-ap≈ hmZw shdp-samcp hmZw am{X-am-sW∂-XmWv
ÿm]n-°p-∂-Xn\p th≠n D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ hkvXpXmhnh-c-W-ßfpw ÿnXn-hn-h- hmkvX-hw.
c-W-°-W-°p-Ifpw arK-ß-fpsS temIsØ kzh¿Km-\p-cm-Kn-Iƒ a\- n-em-°p-hm≥ AK-ay-Ka - \
- Ø
- ns‚ (incest) Ah-ÿ-
th≠n {ian-°p-tºmƒ kw`-hn-°p∂ Iq´n-°p-d-°-ep-I-fm¬ kar-≤-am-Wv. ta\-Im- bpw CXp-X-s∂-bm-Wv. hnhm-l-_‘w
Km-‘n-bpsS teJ-\sØ tIc-fob kml-N-cy-Øn-te°p `mjm-¥cw sNbvX-t∏mƒ ]mSn-√mØ ASpØ IpSpw-_-°m¿ XΩn-
K¿`-On{Zw sImgn-™p-t]m-bX - p-t]mse arK-sN-bvXn-Isf kzh¿K-ssew-Kn-IX - b- mbn ¬ \S-°p∂ ssewKn-I-_-‘-amWv AK-
hymJym-\n-°p-hm≥ Adn™pw t_m[-]q¿∆hpw ]eXpw ad-®p-sh-°p-Ibpw sImgn- ay-Ka- \
- w. amXm-]n-Xm-°fpw a°fpw XΩn-
™p-t]m-b-Xmbn hcp-Øn-Øo¿°p-I-bp-amWv sNøp-∂-Xv. arK-߃t° kzh¿K- tem ktlm-Zcn ktlm-Zc - ∑
- m¿ XΩntem
ssew-Kn-I-X-bmbn hymJym-\n-°-s∏-Sp∂ arK-I¿a-ß-fpsS bYm¿Y-Øn-ep≈ A¿Y- \S-°p∂ ssewKnI_-‘-amWv {][m-\-
a-dnbq; ta\-I-Km-‘n-°-t√ kzh¿K-c-Xnbpw K¿`-On-{Zhpw XΩn-ep≈ _‘-sa-s¥- ambpw AK-ay-K-a-\-ambn hyh-l-cn-°-s∏-
∂-dn-bp-I-bp-≈p. AX-dn-bmØ ]cn-`m-j-Is‚ tdmfmWv arK-sN-bvXn-Isf kzh¿Km- ´p-t]m-cp-∂-Xv. arK-ß-fpsS temIØv
\p-cm-K-ambn hymJym-\n-°p-∂-h-cp-tSXv F∂XmWv hmkvX-hw. hym]- I - a mbn I≠p- h - c p- ∂ - X m- W n- X v .
arK-tem-IØv kzh¿K-cXn \ne-\n¬°p-∂-Xn-\m¬ a\p-jy-k-aq-l-Øn¬ AXv F∂m¬ a\p-jy-{]-Ir-Xn°v hncp-≤a - mWv
{]Ir-Xn-]-c-am-sW∂ hmZw Xs∂ ASn-ÿm-\-cn-ln-X-am-Wv. arK-߃°n-S-bn¬ \ne- AK-ay-K-a-\-sa∂v Hcp hn[w F√m kaq-
\n¬°p∂ Imcy-ß-f-√t√m a\p-jy-k-aq-l-Øn¬ Fs¥-√m-amWv {]Ir-Xn-]-c-sa∂v l-ßfpw kΩ-Xn-°p-∂p-≠v. AXp-sIm-
\n›-bn-°p-∂-Xv. arK-߃ sNøp-∂-sX√mw a\p-jy¿°v {]Ir-Xn-]-c-am-bn-Øo-cp-sa- ≠p-Xs∂ CXn-s\-Xnscbp≈ \nb-a-
¶n-¬ \c-t`m-P-\hpw (cannibalism), AK-ay-K-a-\hp(incest)-sa√mw a\p-jy-{]-Ir-Xn°v ߃ ]e-cm-Py-ßf - nepw \ne-\n¬°p-∂p-
\nc-°p-∂-Xm-sW∂v ]d-tb-≠n-h-cpw. kz¥w Poh-Pm-Xn-bn¬ s]´-hsc `£n-°p∂ ap-≠v.(5) AK-ay-K-a\w {]Ir-Xn-hn-cp-≤-am-
\q‰n-\m¬]tXmfw Poh-n-h¿K-ß-fp-s≠-∂mWv IW--°m-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.(4) ssewKn- sW∂pw s]mXp-[m-c-Wbv°v hncp-≤-am-
I-_-‘-Øn-te¿s∏´ tijw CWsb `£n°p∂ F´p-Im-en-Ifpw tXfp-I-fp-ap-≠v. bn AXv A\p-h-Zn-°-s∏-tS≠ Ah-Im-
]q® Ip™p-ßsf Xn∂p-∂Xv {]kn-≤-am-Wv. Cßs\ Ip™p-ßsf Xn∂p∂ \nc- i-am-sW∂ hmZhpw a\p-jy¿°n-S-bn¬
h[n Pohn-I-fp-≠s{X! DSp-ºv, Fen, apb¬, Kn\n-]-∂n, F´p-Im-en, XpS-ßnb Ic- \n∂v Xs∂ Db¿∂ptIƒ°m≥ XpS-ßn-
Po-hn-I-fpw apX-e, ]e-X-cw a¬ky-h¿K-߃, \ocmfn F∂o Pe-P-¥p-°fpw Nne °-gn-™n-´p-≠v. \mep a°-fpsS amXm-]n-
]£n-h¿K-ßf - p-sa√mw kz¥w h¿K-Øn-ep≈ Ip™p-ßsf Xn∂p-∂h - c
- m-Wv. Ah¿ Xm-°-fmb P¿a≥ ktlm-Z-c-߃ ]m{Sn-

2009 sk-]v-Xw-_¿- 38
 Pohn-I-fn-se√mw kzh¿K-ssew-Kn-IX \ne-\n¬°p
-∂p-s≠∂pw AXn-\m¬ AXv {]Ir-Xn-]-chpw a\pjy-
¿°v kzoI-cn-°m-\m-hp-∂-Xp-am-sW∂v hmZn-°p-∂-h¿
]ns∂ F¥p-sIm-≠mWv a\p-jy-cn¬ ImWs∏-Sp∂
amc-I-amb ssewKn-I-tcm-K-߃ P¥p-°-fnsem∂p-
an√m-Ø-sX∂ tNmZy-Øn\v- Xr]vXn-I-c-amb DØ-c-
sam∂pw \¬Im-dn-√.
°n-s‚bpw kqk-s‚bpw tIkn¬ P¿a≥
sslt°m-SXn Ah¿°v A\p-Iq-e-ambn
hn[n-°p-sa∂v {]Xym-i- ]p-d-s∏-Sp-hn-°p-
Ibpw hn[n-°-W-sa∂v hmZn-°p-Ibpw
sNøp∂ a\p-jym-hI - mi {]h¿Ø-Icpw
A`n-`m-j-I-cp-ap-≠v, P¿a-\n-bn¬.(6) arK-
߃ sNøp-∂p-sh-∂-Xn-\m¬ AK-ay-K-
a-\hpw a\p-jy-{]-Ir-Xn°v tbmPn-°p-∂-
Xm--sW∂pw AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ AΩ-
bpw aI\pw XΩn-epw A—\pw a°-fpw
XΩn-epw ktlm-Z-cnbpw ktlm-Z-c\pw
X-Ωn-ep≈ cXn-_-‘-ßsf√mw A\p-h-
Zn-°s - ∏-tS-≠X - m-sW∂ hmZ-sØ-t∏mse
A¿Y-iq-\y-amWv arK-߃°n-S-bn¬ kz-
h-¿K-cXn \ne-\n¬°p-∂-Xn-\m¬ AXv
{]Ir-Xn-]-chpw A\p-h-Zn-°-s∏-tS-≠-Xp-
am-sW∂ hmZ-hpw.
1990-I-fpsS XpS-°-Øn¬ Xs∂, arK-
߃°n-Sb - n¬ kzh¿Km-\p-cm-Ka- p-s≠∂v
Is≠-Øn-°-gn-™m¬ AXv {]Ir-Xn-]-
c-am-sW∂p ÿm]n-°p-hm\pw AXp-hgn
kzh¿K-cX - n-°m¿s°-Xn-sc-bp≈ \ne-]m-
Sp-I-fn¬ am‰-ap-≠m-°m-\m-Ip-sa∂v AXn-
\-\p-Iq-ea - mbn kwkm-cn® ]ecpw {]Xym-
i ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°m≥ XpS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
kzh¿Km- \ p- c m- K n- I ƒ°- \ p- I q- e - a mbn
akvXnjvIKth-jW - ß - sf hymJym-\n®v
{it≤-b-\m-bn-Øo¿∂ Ata-cn-°≥ \yq-
tdm kb‚n-Ãmb kntam¨ en sh Fgp-
Xn arK-߃°n-S-bnse, hnti-jn®pw
a\p-jy-c√ - mØ ss{]ta-‰p-Iƒ°n-Sb - nse
ssewKn-I-kz-`m-h-ßsf Ipdn® ]T\w
kz-h¿K-ssew-KnI{Inb-sbbpw ]p\-cp¬-
]m-Z-\-]-c-a-√mØ a‰p ssewKnI{Inb-I-
sfbpw kw_-‘n® aX kao-]-\-Øn¬
A- b - h p- ≠ m- ° m≥ km[y- X - b p- s ≠∂v
tXm-∂p-∂p. kzh¿K-ssew-KnI kz`mhw
"{]-Ir-Xn-hn-cp-≤-am-sW∂ XmØzn-I-\n-e-
]m-Sn-s\-Øs∂ Cu ]T-\-߃ sh√p-
hn-fn°pw; ⁄m\hr£-Øn¬ \n∂p≈
2009 sk-]v-Xw-_¿-
^ew `pPn-®-Xp-aqew ]m]nbmbn-Øo¿∂ Poh-h¿K-Øn¬ am{Xw \ne-\n¬°p-∂-
XmWv CsX∂ kn≤m¥w AtXmsS XI-cpw.'(7)
kzh¿Km-\p-cm-Ko-]-£-°m-c-mb imkv{X-⁄-∑m-cpsS \nc-¥-c-amb ]cn-{i-a-ß-
fpsS ^e-sa-t∂mWw ]pd-Øp-h∂ ]pkvXI - a
- mWv ""ssPh-ssh-]peyw: arK-ßf - nse
kzh¿K-ssew-Kn-I-Xbpw {]Ir-Xn-bnse sshhn-[y-hpw.''(8) {_n´ojv sImfw-_nb k¿-
∆-I-em-im-e-bn¬ `mjm-imkv{X Kth-j-I\pw A[ym-]-I-\p-amb {_qkv _msK-an-
¬ cNn® {]kvXpX ]pkvXIw 1999-emWv {]kn-≤o-Ic - n-°s
- ∏-´X- v. A∂papX¬ Xs∂
kzh¿Km-\p-cmKw {]Ir-Xn-]-c-am-sW∂v ÿm]n-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn Gsd FSp-Øp-]-tbm-
Kn-°-s∏Sp∂p≠o {KŸw. {]kn-≤-amb temd≥kv vs sS-Ivkmkv tIkn¬ kzh¿Km-
\p-cmKw {]Ir-Xn-]-c-am-sW∂v ÿm]n-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn Ata-cn-°≥ kp{]owtImSXn
Cu ]pkvX-IsØ D≤cn-®-tXm-sS(9) ]pkvXIw Gsd {]kn-≤-am-bn. cN-bn-Xm-hmb
{_qkv _msK-an¬ `mjm-im-k{XhnZ-K[≥ am{X-am-sW∂pw ssPh-ssh-hn-[y-tØ-
tbm Ah-bv°n-S-bnse ssewKn-Im-`n-\n-th-i-tØbpw {]kvXpX A`n-\n-th-i-Øns‚
tNmZ-\-I-tfbpw Ipdn®v B[n-Im-cn-I-ambn A`n-{]m-b-߃ ]d-bm≥ A\¿l-\m-
sW-∂p-ap≈ hkvXp-X-I-sfm∂pw Xs∂ 768 ]pd-ß-fn-embn arK-kz-h¿K-c-Xn-sb-
Ip-dn®v hni-Z-ambn D]-\y-kn® ]pkvX-I-Øn-s\-Xnscbp≈ hmZ-ß-fmbn Bcpw
D∂-bn-®n-´n-√. Cu ]pkvXIw hgn {_qkv _msK--an¬ Poh-im-kv{X-⁄-\mbn Adn-
b-s∏-Sm≥ XpSßn; Imcy-amb Poh-imkv{X _ncp-Z-ß-sfm-∂p-an-s√-¶nepw \ΩpsS
ta\-Im-Km-‘nbpw Ct±-lsØ ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv hokv tIm≥kn≥ k¿∆-I-
em-im-e-bnse Poh-im-kv{X-⁄-\m-Wv.(10) P¥p-°ƒ kzh¿Km-\p-cm-Kn-I-fm-sW∂v
]d-bp-∂Xv Poh-im-kv{X-⁄-\m-hp-tºm-gm-Wt√m AXv B[n-Im-cn-I-am-bn-Øo-cpI!
{_qkv _msK-an-ens‚ ]pkvXI - sØ Bkv]Z- n®v t\m¿sh-bnse Hmkvsem k¿∆-
I-em-ime \m®p-d¬ lnÃdn ayqknbw "{]Ir-Xn-hn-cp≤w?' (against nature?) F∂
t]cn¬ Hcp FIvkn-_n-j≥ Bcw-`n-®n-´p≠v. 2006 sk]vXw-_d - n¬ XpS-ßnb FIvkn-
_n-j≥ Ct∏mƒ k©-cn-°p∂ {]Z¿i-\-im-e-bm-°n-bn-´p-≠v. Bbn-c-Øn-A-™q-
tdmfw Pohn-h¿K-ß-fn¬ kzh¿K-ssew-Kn-IX \nco-£n-°-s∏-´n-´p-s≠∂pw AXn¬
A™qsd-ÆØn-t‚Xv IrXy-ambn tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏-´n-´p-s≠-∂p-amWv FIvkn-_n-
j≥ ]d-bp-∂-Xv.(11) Hcp B¨ Pndm^v as‰mcp B¨ Pndm-^n\p ta¬ Ib-dp-∂Xpw
Htc enwK-Øn¬ s]´ hm\-c-∑m¿ ]c-kv]cw D±o-]n-∏n-°p-∂Xpw c≠v B¨ Xnanw-
K-e-߃ ]c-kv]cw Dc-kp-∂Xpw t]mse-bp≈ Nn{X-߃ {]Z¿in-∏n-®p-sIm-≠mWv
51 arK-Pm-Xn-I-fn¬ kzh¿K-ssew-Kn-IX \ne-\n¬°p-∂-Xmbn R߃ tcJ-s∏-Sp-
Øn-bn-´p-s≠∂v FIvkn-_n-js‚ s{]mPIvSv tIm˛-Hm¿Un-t\-‰-dmb sh‰¿ t_mIv-
am≥ Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.(12) arK-sN-bvXn-Isf a\p-jy-Xm¬]-cy-߃°-\p-k-cn®v
hym-Jym-\n®v ASn-ÿm-\-c-ln-X-amb \nK-a-\-ß-fn-se-Øp∂Xns‚ H∂mw Xcw DZm-
l-c-W-am-Wn-Xv. a\p-jy¿°n-S-bnepw ssewKn-I-sa∂v hymJym-\n-°m-hp∂ ssewKn-
I-X-bpsS em©\ t]mep-an-√mØ sNbvXn-I-fp-ap-≠v. Benw-K-\w, Npw_\w XpS-
ßn-b-h-sb√mw ssewKn-I-a-√mØ Xe-Øn¬ a\p-jycpw sNøp-∂p-≠-t√m. Ah-
sb-√mw kzh¿K-ssew-Kn-I-X-bmbn hymJym-\n-°p-∂Xv F¥p-am{Xw henb ]mX-I-
am-Wv! A`n-hmZyw sNøp-∂-Xn-\mbn Benw-K\w sNøp-Ibpw s\‰n-bnepw Ihn-fn-
ep-sa√mw Npw_n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ a\p-jy-k-aq-l-ß-fn-ep-≈-h-sc-sb√mw Ch-cp-
39
]-tbm-Kn® am\-ZWvUa\p-k-cn®v kzh¿- ]mfn-®-I-fmWv kz¥w Ip™p-ßsf Wv Ip™p]q-®-Isf sIm∂p-Xn-∂m≥
K-t`m-Kn-I-fm-sW-∂mWt√m h∂p-tN- sIm-∂p-Xn-∂p∂-Xn-te°v Ahsc \bn- ]q®-Iƒ k∂-≤-am-hp-∂-sX∂pw Ah¿
cpI! °p-∂-Xv. ]q®-I-fn¬ ImW-s∏-Sp∂ a°- hy‡-am-°p-∂p. kzh¿K-amwkt`mP\w
bYm¿Y-Øn¬ Pohn-Iƒ°n-S-bn-ep- sf sIm∂p-Xn-∂p∂ G¿∏m-Sn-s\-Ip-dn®v (cannibalism) Hcp am¿Pmc kz`m-h-a-√;
s≠∂v ]d-bp∂ kzh¿K-cX - n-bpsS bYm- {_n´-\nse "]q® kpc£ kanXn' (UK's {]XypX AXn\v kw`-hn-°p∂ A_-≤-
¿Yy-sa-¥mWv? kzh¿Km-\p-cm-Kn-I-fmb cat protection)bnse kmdm-lm¿´v sh¬ hpw A]N-b-hp-am-Wv F∂¿Yw.
imkv{X-⁄∑ - m¿ ]d-bp∂Xv t]mse A- A]-{K-Yn-®n-´p-≠v. ]q® Xs‚ a°-tfm- arK-ßf - n¬ ImW-s∏-Sp∂p F∂p]d-
sXmcp kz`m-hnI arK-tNm-Z-\-bmtWm? sSm∏w Ifn-°p-∂X - n-\n-Sb
- n-emWv th´°p bp∂ kzh¿K-ssew-Kn-I-X-bpsS Imc-W-
arK-ß-fnepw kzh¿K-t{]-an-Ifpw FXn¿- th≠n-bp≈ B¥-cn-IXzc h¿[n-°p- ß-sf-s¥m-s°-bm-sW∂v IrXy-ambn
enwK {]W-bn-I-fp-apt≠m? Cu tNmZy- Ibpw Ahsb sIm∂p-Xn-∂p-hm≥ Xøm- A]-{K-Yn-°s - ∏-´n-´n-√. Hmtcm arK-Ønt‚-
߃°v DØcw a\- n-em-°-W-sa-¶n¬ dm-hp-Ibpw sNøp-∂s - X∂v Xs‚ "Ip™p- bpw Imc-Wß - ƒ hyXy-kX v- am-hmw. ssew-
arK-{]-h¿Ø-\-ß-tfbpw tNmZ-\-Itf- ßsf sIm√p∂ ]q®-Iƒ' (cats that kill KnI{]I-S-\-ß-fm-sW∂v a\p-jy¿ a\-
bpw Ipdn®v Nne ASn-ÿm\ hkvXp-X- kittens) F∂ teJ- \ - Ø n¬ Ah¿  n-em-°p∂ Nne {]h¿Ø-\-߃ Ah-
Iƒ Adn-tb-≠X - p-≠v. a\p-jy-sc-t]m-se- ka¿Yn-°p-∂p-≠v.(13) Cc-bpsS kzchpw bpsS sNbvXn-I-fn¬ ImWm-sa-¶nepw
Øs∂ arK-߃°pw P\n-XI - a
- mbn e`n- hen-∏hpw Ne-\-hp-sa√mw ]q®-°-p-™n- Ah-bpsS e£yw ssewKnIkwXr]v-
°p∂ Nne khn-tij kz`m-h-ß-fp-≠v. t‚-Xn\v kam-\-amWv F∂-Xn-\m-em-Wv Xntbm XrjvWtbm Bbn-s°m-≈W - s
- a-
\mb°v aW-°p-hm\pw aqß°v Ccp´- a°-tfm-sSm∏w Ifn-°p-tºmƒ th´-°p≈ ∂n-√. Nne Pohn-I-fn¬ AXv ]q®-I-fn¬
Øv ImWp-hm\pw h∆m-en\v i_vZ-ho-Nn- tNmZ\ D±o-]n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-sX∂pw D±o-]- kzh¿K-amw-k-t`m-P-\-Øns‚ Imcy-Øn-
Iƒ ]nSn-s®-Sp-°p-hm-\p-sa-√m-ap≈ Ign- \w krjvSn-°p∂ Bi-b-°-p-g-∏-Øn-em- ¬ kw`-hn-°p-∂-Xpt]m-se-bp≈ Bi-
hp-Iƒ P\n-X-I-ambn e`n-°p-∂-h-bm-Wv.
AtXm-sSm∏w Xs∂ Ahbpw kml-N-
cy-߃°-\p-kc - n-®p≈ {]Xn-Ic - W- ß - ƒ
]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°p-∂p-≠v; _mlyhpw B¥-
cn-I-hp-amb {]tNm-Z-\-߃ A\p-k-cn-
®p≈ sNbvXn-Ifpw Ah-bv°p-≠v. P¥p-
{]-Xn-Ic- W
- ß - ƒ Nn¥n®v A]-{K-Yn®v a\-
 n-em-°n-s°m≠v ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°p-∂X - √
- .
{]Xn-I-c-W-Øn\v apºp≈ Nn¥bpw
A]- { K- Y - \ hpw a\p- j y- a - k v X n- j v I -
Øns‚ khn-ti-j-X-I-fmWv. C{µn-b-
߃ \¬Ip∂ hnh-c-߃°-\p-k-cn®p
s]s´-∂p≈ {]Xn-Ic - W
- a
- mWv arK-ak - vXn-
jvIØn-t‚-Xv. Cu {]Xn-I-c-W-Øn\v
IrXy-Xtbm _u≤n-I-amb ASn-Ød-
tbm D≠m-hp-I-bn-√. Hcp C{µnbw \¬-
Ip∂ Adnhpw as‰mcp C{µnbw \¬Ip-
∂ Adnhpw XΩn¬ sshcp-[y-ap-≠m-hp-
tºmƒ arK-ß-fpsS {]Xn-I-c-W-tØbpw
AXv _m[n-°pw. Cßs\ _m[n-°p-∂-
Xp-sIm-≠mWv Hcp-an-®p-t]m-Ip-Ib - n-s√∂v
\ap°v Dd∏p tXm∂p∂ Nne kz`m-h-
߃ arK-ß-fn¬ ImW-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.
a°-sf sIm∂p-Xn-∂p∂ P¥p-kz`m-
]ip ]ip-hns‚ tase Ib-dp-tºmƒ AXn\v {]P-\-\-Øn\v
hw Xs∂ DZm-l-c-W-ambn FSp-°p-I.
kz¥w a°sf Xn∂-W-sat∂m kz¥w ]‰n-b- k-a-b-ambn F∂ kqN-\-bm-sW∂v AXns\ hf¿Øp-
h¿K-Øn¬s]´ Ip™p-ßsf Xn∂-W- ∂-h¿°-dn-bmw. CXv ]ip-°ƒ°n-S-bnse sekv_n-b-\n-k-
sat∂m arK-tØmSv I¬]n-°p∂ P\n-
am-sW∂v hymJym-\n-°p-∂-h¿ IY-b-dn-bmsX B´w am{Xw
X-It- c-JI - s
- fm∂pw Xs∂-bn-√. F∂m¬
Xß-fpsS Cc-Isf kw_-‘n® Ah- ImWp-Ibpw B´-Øn\v A\p-k-cn®v Ah-cp-tS-Xmb as‰mcp
t_m[w Ah°v \¬I-s∏-´n-´p-≠v. Cu IY cq]o-I-cn-°pI-bp-amWv sN-øp-∂-Xv.-
Ah-t_m-[Ø - ns‚ shfn-®Ø - n-ep≈ a\-
 n-em-°¬ {]{In-b-bn¬ kw`-hn-°p∂
2009 sk-]v-Xw-_¿- 40
b-°p-g-∏-Øns‚ ^e-ambn D≠m-hp-∂-Xmhmw; a‰p Nne Pohn-I-fn¬
ssewKn-I-X-b-√mØ a‰p Nne Poh-imkv{X[¿Ω-߃ AXn\v D≠m-
hmw. ]ip ]ip-hns‚ tase Ib-dp-tºmƒ AXn\v {]P-\-\-Øn\v
]‰n-b- k-ab - a- mbn F∂ kqN-\b - m-sW∂v AXns\ hf¿Øp-∂h - ¿°-
dn-bmw. CXv ]ip-°ƒ°n-S-bnse sekv_n-b-\n-k-am-sW∂v hymJym-
\n-°p-∂h - ¿ IY-bd - n-bmsX B´w am{Xw ImWp-Ibpw B´-Øn\v A\p-
k-cn®v Ah-cp-tS-Xmb as‰mcp IY cq]o-I-cn-°p-∂-h-cp-amWv F∂-
XmWv hkvXp-X.
a[ym-{^n-°-bnse tImwtKm-bnse ImSp-I-fn¬ Pohn-°p∂ t_m-
tWmt_m Ipc-ßp-I-sf-bmWv kzh¿Km-\p-cm-Kn-I-fmb arK-ß-fn¬
G‰hpw {][m-\-s∏-´-Xmbn hne-bn-cp-Ø-s∏-Sp∂Xv.(14) t_mtWm-t_m-
I-fpsS ssewKn-I-sa∂v tXm∂n-°p∂ s]cp-am-‰-߃°v AXn-\-∏p-d-
Øp≈ e£y-ß-fp-s≠∂v hm\-c-∑msc Ipdn® Kth-j-W-Øn¬
At{K-k-c-\mb {^≠vkv _n.Fw.Un hmƒ hy‡-am-°n-bn-´p-≠v.(15)
kwL-´\ - ß- ƒ C√m-bva- sN-øp-Ib - mWv t_mtWmt_m ssewKn-IX - -
bpsS H∂m-asØ e£yw. c≠v t_mtWm-t_m-Iƒ Htc km[-\Ø - n\v
th≠n IpXn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ km[-\-Øn-\-Sp-sØ-Ønb tijw
kwL¿jm-¥c - o-£a - mWv kwPm-Xa - m-hp-∂s
- X-¶n¬ Hcmƒ as‰m-cm-fpsS
apI-fn¬ Ib-dp-Ibpw AtXmsS kwL¿j eLq-Ic - Ww D≠m-hp-Ibpw sNøp-∂psh- FXn¿ h¿K-ssew-Kn-I-X°v ]I-c-ambn
∂-XmWv CXn-\p-Zm-lc - W
- a- mbn Un hmƒ D≤-cn-°p∂ kw`-hß - f - n-sem-∂v. {]iv\ß- kzh¿K-ssew-Kn-IX kzoI-cn®v Zo¿LIm-
fn¬ cay-Xb - n-se-Øp-∂X - n\p th≠nbpw Ch ssewKn-IX - sb D]-tbm-Kn-°m-dp-≠v. ew \ne\n¬°p∂ k{º-Zmbw Ahbv°n-
Hcp B¨ t_mtWmt_m s]¨ t_mtWm-t_m-bpsS ASp-Øp-\n∂v as‰mcp BWn- -S-bn¬ hnc-f-am-sW-∂mWv tXm∂p-∂-Xv.
s\ Akq-bm-[n-jvTn-X-ambn HmSn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬, c≠p t]cp-sSbpw ssewKn-Imh- kzh-¿K-ssew-Kn-Im-`n-\n-thiw arK-߃-
b-h-߃ Dc-kp-Ibpw {]iv\w cay-ambn Ah-km-\n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-as{X! Npcp-°- °n-S-bn¬ Xosc ImW-s∏-Sp-∂n-s√-∂-Xm-
Øn¬, t_mtWmt_m hm\-c-∑m-cn¬ ImW-s∏-Sp∂ enwKw -sIm-≠p≈ Ifn-Iƒ°v Wv hmkvX-hw.''(17)
ssewKn-I-X-b-√mØ a‰p e£y-ß-fp-≠v. AXp-a-\- n-em-°m-Ø-h-cmWv B ]mhw kzh¿Km-\p-cm-K-ambn hymJym-\n-°-
Ipc-ß-∑msc arK-tem-IsØ kzh¿K-cXn hnZ-Kv[-cmbn hnebn-cp-Øp-∂-Xv. s∏-Sp∂ arK-h¿Ø-\-ß-sfm∂pw Xs∂
Pohn-I-fn¬ ImWp-∂p-sh∂v Btcm-]n-°-s∏-Sp∂ Htcm kzh¿K-ssew-Kn- Ah ÿnc-ambn sIm≠p-\-S-°p-∂-X-√,
IXm{]I-S-\-ß-fnepw ssewKn-I-a-√mØ Poh-im-kv{X-]-c-amb a‰p e£y-ß-fp-≠m- Nne {]tXyI kµ¿`-ßf - n¬ Ah Aß-
bn-cn-°pw. {]kvXpX e£y-ß-fn¬ NneXv \ap°v a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-™n-´n-s√∂ s\ s]cp-am-dp-sa∂v am{Xtabp≈qsh∂v
Imc-W-Øm¬ Fß-s\-bmWv Ah-sb√mw a\p-jy-cnse kzh¿Km-\p-cm-Kn-Isf ]d-™m¬ AXns‚ A¿Y-sa-¥m-Wv?
t]mse-bm-sW∂v ]d-bm≥ km[n-°p-I. \mbIfn-¬ Btcm-]n-°-s∏-Sp∂ kzh¿K- arK-ß-sfm∂pw Xs∂ {]Ir-Xn-]-ctam
ssew-Kn-I-X-bpsS bmYm¿YysØ ]‰n "Ata-cn-°≥ skmssk‰n t^m¿ Zn P\n-X-Itam Bbn kzh¿K-cXn-°m-c-√,
{]nsh≥j≥ Hm^v {Iph-¬‰n ‰p B\n-a¬kn's‚ kvs]jy¬ s{]mPIvSvkv Ub-d- {]XypX Nne {]tXyI kµ¿`-ß-fnse
IvS¿ Pm°v enw kvIqƒkv Fgp-Xp-∂p-≠v.(16) km[m-c-W-bmbn \mb-bpsS apI-fn¬ Poh-imkv{X]c-amb tNmZ-\-Iƒ°p≈
\mb Ib-dp-∂Xv Ahs‚ A[oiXzw {]I-Sn-∏n-°p-hm-\m-Wv. Rm\mWv "t_mkv' {]Xn-I-c-W-sa∂ \ne-°mWv kzh¿K-
F∂v a‰p-≈-hsc ImWn-°p-I-bmWv CXns‚ e£yw. CSbv°v ]´nIfpw Cu Bh- ssew-Kn-I-X-sb∂v tXm∂n-°p∂ arK-
iy-m¿Yw a‰p -]-´n-Iƒ°p-tase Ib-dm-dp-≠v. CtX-t]mse Xs∂ NqSm-bn-°-gn™ h¿Ø-\-ß-fp-≠m-hp-∂Xv F∂√msX
]´n-bpsS aWw \mbsb ssewKnIZml-ap≈h\m°nØo¿°p-Ibpw At∏mƒ as‰m-∂p-√. Cu hkvXpX kzh¿K-c-Xn-
BZyw ImWp-∂-Xm-cmtWm Ah-cpsS ta¬ Ib-dp∂ kz`m-h-hp-ap-≠v. {]kvXpX °m-cmb imkv{X-⁄¿ t]mepw AwKo-
aWw Im‰n-eqsS aq°n-seØn Ign-™m¬ ASp-Øp-≈Xv ]´n-bmtWm AX√ \mb- I-cn-°p-hm≥ \n¿_-‘n-Xm-cm-hp-∂X - m-Wv
bmtWm Fs∂m∂pw t\m°m≥ \mbIfn¬ NneXn\v Ign-bm-dn-√. Cu ka-bØv \ap-°n-hnsS ImWm≥ Ign-bp-∂X - v. kzh-
Nne-t∏mƒ a\p-jy¿°v tase hsc \mb Ib-dm≥ km[y-X-bp-≠v. \mb-bpsS ¿K-ssew-Kn-IX {]Ir-Xn-]-chpw P\n-X-I-
kzh¿K-kvt\-l-a√ {]XypX NqSm-bn-°gn™ kv{XoK‘-tØm-Sp≈ {]Xn-I-c-W- hp-am-sW∂ hmZ-Øn\v Dt]m¬_-e-I-
am-Wn-X.v XnI®pw Poh-imkv{X]c-amb Hcp {]Xn-`m-kw. CXns\ \mbIfnse kzh¿Km- amb sXfn-hp-Is - fm∂pw Xs∂ CXp-hsc
\p-cm-Ka
- mbn sX‰n-≤c - n-∏n-°p-hm≥ {ian-°p-∂Xv henb ]mXIw Xs∂-bm-Wv. e`n-®n-´n-s√-∂-XmWv hmkvX-hw.
arK-ß-fnepw kzh¿Km-\p-cmKw ImW-s∏-Sp-∂p-s≠∂pw AXn-\m¬ AXv {]Ir- "{]Ir- Xn- ] cw' F∂p- ] - d bp--tºmƒ
Xn-]-chpw P\n-X-I-hp-am-sW∂pw AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ a\p-jy-k-aq-l-Ønepw AXv A¿Y-am-°p-∂Xv Pohn-bpsS {]Ir-Xn-
A\p-h-Zn-°-s∏-S-W-sa-∂p≈ hmZ-߃°v bmsXm-cp-hn[ imkv{Xob ASn-Ø-d-bp- bn¬ Xs∂ {]kvXpX Imcyw tcJ-s∏-
an-s√∂v A\p-Iq-en-I-fpsS ]T-\-߃ ]cn-tim-[n-®m¬ Xs∂ t_m[y-am-hpw. Sp-Øs - ∏-´n-cn-°p∂psh∂-Xm-Wt- √m. P\n-
kzh¿Km-\p-cm-Kn-If - psS Ah-Im-iß - ƒ°p-th≠n kwkm-cn-°p∂ kntam¨ en hmbv X-I-Øns‚ `mj-bn¬ ]d-™m¬ t{Im-
Fgp-Xp-∂Xv ImWpI ""arK-߃°n-Sb - n¬ kzh¿K-ssew-Kn-IX hym]-Ia - m-sW-¶nepw, tam-tkm-ap-Iƒ°-IØv P\n-XItImUp-
2009 sk-]v-Xw-_¿- 41
I-fmƒ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏´ kz`m-h-ß-
fmWv {]Ir-Xn-]-cw. `n∂h¿K-ssew-Kn-
IX {]Ir-Xn-]-c-am-bXpsIm≠p Xs∂
kv{Xobp-tSbpw ]pcp-j-t‚bpw ico-chpw
a\ pw ssewKn-Im-h-b-h-ß-fp-sa√mw
AXn-\v ]‰nb coXn-bn-emWv kwhn-[m-
\n-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. kv{Xoi-cocw arZp-
ehpw amwk-f-hp-amWv; ]pcp-j-i-cocw
ZrUhpw t]io-\n¿an-Xhpw. ]pcp-j\p
Imgv N DtØ- P - \ - Ø n\v ; ]pcp- j s\
DtØ- P n- ∏ n- ° m≥ t]m∂ kuµcyw
kv{Xo°v. ]pcp-j\p s]Æns\ ImWp-
tºmƒ kvt\l-{Z-h-Øns‚ D¬]m-Z\w;
kv{Xo°v CjvS-s∏´ ]pcp-j≥ Xtem-Sp-
tºmƒ _¿tØm-en≥ {kh-Øns‚ ]pd-
∏mSv. kvt\l-{Zhw ip¢-Øn\v hgn-sbm-
cp-°p∂p; _¿tØm-en-e≥ {khw enwK-
{]-th-i\w Ffp-∏-am-°p-Ibpw cXn-kp-J-
Øn\v am‰pIq-´p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. imco-
cn- I - _ ‘w Ign- b p- t ºmƒ ]pcp- j \v
Ft¥m \jvS-s∏-´-Xp-t]mse iq\yX
A\p-`h - s
- ∏-Sp∂p; kv{Xo°v Ft¥m e`n-
®-Xp-t]mse \ndhv tXm∂p-∂p. ]pcp-j-
enw-Khpw kv{Xoenw-Khpw ]c-kv]cw Dƒ-
s°m-≈p-∂h. Cßs\ F√m Imcy-ß-
fpw kv{Xo]p-cpj ssewKn-IX ]c-kv]-
c]qc- I hpw {]Ir- X n- ] - c - h p- a m- s W∂v
hy‡-am-°p-∂p.
Ata-cn-°-bnse "skt‚¿kv t^m¿ Un- cn- I - b m- s W∂pw C∂v Ahn- s S- b p≈
F∂m¬ kzh¿K-ssew-Kn-I-Xtbm?
kokv I¨t{Sm-fn's‚ (CDC) 2003se kn^n-enkvtcmKn-I-fn¬ 65 iX-am-\hpw
AXn\v ]‰p∂ cq]-Øn-emtWm a\p-
IW-°p-Iƒ {]Imcw FbnUvkv tcmKn- kzh¿K-t`m-Kn-I-fmsW∂pw 2009 P\p-
jys‚ a\ pw ico-chpw kwhn-[m-\n-
I-fn¬ 63 iX-am\w ]pcp-j-∑m¿°pw hcn 15\v ]pd-Øp-h∂ Hcp ]T\w hy‡-
°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂Xv F∂ tNmZy-Øn\v
{]kvXpX tcmK-ap-≠m-bn-´p-≈Xv kzh¿K- am-°p-∂p.(20) sKmtW-dnb, enwt^m-{Km-
B¿°pw ]d-bm-\m-hp∂ DØcw "A√'
kw-t`mKw hgn-bm-Wv.(18) \ne-hn-ep≈ \p-tem-as - h-t\-dnbw, t{]mIvS- n-‰nk,v sl∏-
F∂p Xs∂-bm-Wv. AXns‚ Bfp-Iƒ
B‚n-_t- bm-´n-°p-Is - f-sb√mw \n¿ho-cy- ss‰-‰nkv, jnKn-t√m-knkv, KpZ- Iym≥k¿
AXn\v ]‰nb cq]-Øn¬ a\- n-t\bpw
am-°p∂ Xc-Øn-ep≈ Ãm^v _mIvSo- XpS- ß nb ssewKnItcmK- ß - s f√mw
ico-c-tØbpw k÷-am-°p-hm≥ Ir{Xn-
cn-b-Iƒ ]c-Øp∂ ]pXnb Hcp Xcw kzh¿Km-\p-cm-Kn-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ hfsc
a-amb am¿K-ß-fp-]-tbm-Kn-°p-I-bmWv
Xz°v tcmKw km≥{^m≥knkv t Im, IqSp-X-em-Wv.(21) kzh¿K-t`m-Kn-Iƒ°v
sNøp-∂-Xv. KpZssaY-p-\-Øn\pw (anal t_mè, \yqtbm¿°v, temkv G©- KpZ--Ønepw h≥Ip-S-en-ep-ap-≠m-hp∂
sex) XpSssaYp-\-Øn\pw (intercrural ¬knse XpS- ß nb ÿe- ß - f nse tcmK-ßsf samØ-Øn¬ tK _h¬
sex) enwK-Øns‚ kwXr-]vX-amb Ne- kzh¿K{]W-bn-Iƒ°n-Sb - n¬ ]S¿∂p-]n- kn≥t{Umw (gay bowel syndromme)
\-Øn\v Ir{Xna Ipg-ºp-Iƒ (artificial lu- Sn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xmbn 2008 P\p-hcn F∂p-hn-fn-°p∂ k{º-Zmbw 1976 apX¬
bricants) D]-tbm-Kn-t°≠n hcp-∂p. KpZ- 15mw Xnø-Xn-bnse "km≥{^m≥knkv- `njKz--c-∑m¿°n-S-bn¬ hym]-I-am-bn-cp-
tam XpStbm enwKsØ Dƒs°m-≈p-I- tIm t{ImWn-°vƒ' dnt∏m¿´v sNøp-∂p.(19) ∂p. i‡-amb kzh¿Km-\p-cmKn {]Xn-
b√; _em¬°m-c-ambn Dƒs°m-≈n-°p- B‚n- _ - t bm- ´ n- ° p- I ƒ°v hg- ß mØ tj-[-߃ hgn Ata-cn-°-bnepw bptdm-
I-bmWv F∂¿Yw. Cßs\ Hmtcm Im- _mIvSo-cn-b-I-fmWv Cu Akp-J-ap-≠m- ∏n-ep-ap-≈-h¿ Aßs\ {]tbm-Kn-°p-∂-
cy-Øn\pw Ir{Xn-aX-zß - sf Iq´p-]n-Sn-t°- °p-∂Xv F∂-Xp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ CXns\ Xn¬ \n∂pw amdn-\n¬°p-hm≥ \n¿_-
≠-Xmbn hcpw kzh¿Km\p-cm-Kn-Iƒ°v. NnIn¬kn®p t`Z--am-°m≥ Ign-bmsX ‘n-X-am-hp-I-bm-Wp-≠m-b-Xv. kzh¿K-
AXv {]Ir-Xn-]c - a
- s
- √∂ hkvXp-Xb - mWv {]bm- k - s ∏- S p- I - b mWv Ata- c n- ° ≥ ssew-Kn-IX {]Ir-Xn-]-c-am-sW∂v hmZn-
Cu Ir{Xn-a-Xz-߃ hy‡-am-°p-∂-Xv. BtcmKyhIp-∏v. Ata-cn-°-bn¬ \n∂v °p- ∂ - h ¿, ]ns∂ F¥p- s Im- ≠ mWv
kzh¿Km-\p-cm-Kn-Iƒ°n-S-bnse amc- \njvIm-k\w sNø-s∏-´p-sh∂v Icp-Xn- kzh¿Km-\p-cm-Kn-Iƒ°n-Sn-bn¬ C{X-b-
I-tcm-K-ßfpw AXv {]Ir-Xn-hn-cp-≤-am- bn- c p∂ kn^n- e nkpw 2000 apX¬ [nIw tcmK-߃ ImW-s∏-Sp-∂-sX∂v
sW∂ hkvXpX hnfn-t®m-Xp-∂p-≠v. kzh¿K-t`m-Kn-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ h¿[n-®p-h- hni-Zo-I-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. kzh¿Km-\p-cm-
2009 sk-]v-Xw-_¿- 42
Kn-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ am{X-a-√t√m Cu tcmK-
ß-sfm∂pw ImW-s∏-Sp∂-sX∂v ]d™v
kam-[m-\-a-S-bp-I-bmWv AØ-c-°m¿
sNøp-∂-Xv. AkpJ-ß-fn¬ an°-Xn-t‚-
bpw XpS°w kzh¿K-t`m-Kn-If - n¬ \n∂m-
Wp-≠m-hp-∂-sX∂pw AØ-c-°m-cp-ambn
_‘-s∏-Sp∂ a‰p-≈-h¿°v {]kvXpX
tcmKw ]I-cp-Ibpw Ah-cn¬ \n∂v km-
[m- c - W - ° m- c n- t e°v ]I- c p- I - b p- a mWv
sNøp-∂-sX∂pap≈ hkvXpX Cu hmZ-
ap-∂b- n-°p-∂h - ¿ t_m[-]q¿∆w ad-®p-sh-
°p-I-bmWv sNøp-∂-Xv.
Pohn-I-fn-se√mw kzh¿K-ssew-Kn-
IX \ne-\n¬°p-∂p-s≠∂pw AXn-\m¬
AXv {]Ir-Xn-]-chpw a\p-jy¿°v kzoI-
cn-°m-\m-hp-∂-Xp-am-sW∂v hmZn-°p-∂-
h¿ ]ns∂ F¥p-sIm-≠mWv a\p-jy-
ssZh-t_m-[hpw ]c-tem-I-Nn-¥bpw hy‡n-Xz-sØ-Xs∂
am‰p-hm≥ t]m∂-Xm-sW∂ hkvX - pX Ncn{Xw sXfn-bn-®n-´p≈-
Xm-Wv. kzh¿Km-\p-cm-K-sa∂ hy‡nXz sshI-eysØ am‰n-
sb-Sp-°p-hm≥ ]‰nb G‰-hpw A\p-tbm-Py-amb NnIn¬kbpw
hn-izm-k-hn-πhw Xs∂-bm-Wv.
cn¬ ImWs∏-Sp∂ amc-I-amb ssewKn-
I-tcm-K-߃ P¥p-°-fn-sem∂pan√m-Ø-
sX∂ tNmZy-Øn\pw Xr]vXn-I-c-amb
DØ-c-sam∂pw \¬Im-dn-√. hyXykvX
coXn-I-fn-ep≈ ssewKn-IX Bkz-Zn-°p-
∂-h-sb∂v Atcm-]n-°-s∏-Sp∂ t_m-
tWmt_m IpcßpIƒ°n-S-bn¬ \n∂p-
t]mepw amc-I-amb Fbn-Uvkn-s\-t]m-
se-bp≈ tcmK-ßs - fm∂pw dnt∏m¿´v sN-
ø-s∏-´n-´n-√. hnhm-l-_m-ly-ssew-Kn-IX
a\p-jy-cn¬ am{X-sa-¥p-sIm≠v {]iv\-
߃ krjvSn-°p∂ Hcp G¿∏m-Smbn
Xo¿∂p-sh∂ tNmZy-Øn\v tK BIvSn-
hn-Ãp-If- p-tStbm kzX{¥ssewKn-IX - b
- p-
sS h‡m-°-fp-tStbm ssIbn¬ hy‡-
amb DØ-c-ß-sfm-∂p-an-√. arK-ß-f-sS
sNbvXn-Iƒ a\p-jy-{]-Ir-Xn°v hncp-≤-
am-b-Xn-\m-em-Wt√m AØcw sshIr-X-
ß-fn-te¿s∏-Sp-∂h - ¿ amcItcmK-߃°v
ASn-a-s∏-tS≠nhcp-∂-Xv.
kzh¿Km-\p-cm-Khpw ssewKn-IX - bpw
{]Ir-Xn-hn-cp-≤-a-s√∂v hmZn-°p-∂-h¿°v
2009 sk-]v-Xw-_¿-
]d- b m- \ p≈ Ah- k m- \ sØ \ymbw
AØcw ssewKn-Im-`n-\n-th-i-Øn\v hn-
t[-b-h-cm-b-h¿°v ]ns∂ AXn¬ \n∂v
amdm-\m-hn-s√-∂-XmW.v kzh¿K{]Wbn
Ft∏mgpw kzh¿K-{]-Wbn Xs∂-bm-bn-
cn-°p-sa∂pw Abmƒ°v kwXr-]vX-amb
FXn¿h¿Kssew-Kn-IX Bkz-Zn-°p-hm-
t\m hnhm-lP - o-hnXw \bn-°p-hmt\m Ign-
bp-I-bn-s√-∂p-amWv hmZn-°s∏-Sp-∂Xv.
Adn-b-s∏´ Nne kzh¿K-{]-W-bn-I-fp-tS-
bpw kzh¿K-{]-W-bn\-nI-fp-tSbpw Pohn-
XIY-\-߃ CXn\v sXfn-hmbn D≤-cn-
°-s∏-SpIbpw sNøp∂p; kzh¿Km-\p-cm-
Kn-I-fpsS A\p-`-h-hn-h-c-W-߃ CXn\v
tNcp-h-bmbn tN¿°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-
∂-tXmsS kzh¿K-ssew-Kn-IX {]Ir-Xn-
]-c-am-sW∂v ÿm]n-®-Xp-t]m-se-bmbn-
Øocp-∂p.(22) km[m-cW kv{Xo]p-cp-j-
∑m¿°v FXn¿enw-K-Øn-ep-≈-h-tcmSv
tXm∂p∂ cq]-Øn-ep≈ XnI®pw {]Ir-
Xn-]c
- a
- mb BI¿jWw am{X-amWv kzh-
¿Km-\p-cm-Kn-Iƒ XΩn-ep-ap-≠m-hp-∂-sX-
∂v ÿm]n-°p-hm-\mWv CsX√mw D]-
tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. tKIfpw sekv_n-
b-\p-Ifpw P\n-°p-∂Xv Aß-s\-bm-bn-
s°m-≠p-Xs - ∂-bm-sW∂pw acn-°p-∂Xpw
Aß-s\-Ø-s∂-bm-bn-cn-°-W-sa-∂pam-
Wv hmZw.
Ip´n-°m-e-Øp-≠mb at\m-hy-Xn-bm-
\-ß-fm¬ kzh¿Km-\p-cm-Kn-I-fm-bn-Øo¿-
∂-h¿°v Ah¿ Aß-s\-Xs∂ P\n-®-
h-cm-sW∂v tXm∂p-sa-∂Xv Hcp hkvXp-
X-bm-Wv. F∂m¬ \√ in£-Whpw Nn-
In¬kbpw e`n-°p-Ib - m-sW-¶n¬ AØ-
c-°m-sc-t∏mepw ]cn-h¿Øn-∏n-°m-\m-hp-
sa-∂mWv ]T-\-߃ hy‡-am-°p-∂-Xv.
AØ-c-samcp ]T-\-Øn\v k∂-≤-ambn
F∂ Imc-W-Øm¬ kzh¿Km-\p-cm-Kn-I-
fpsS `’-\-߃°v ]m{X-amb BfmWv
43
tUm: tdm_¿´v F¬ kv]n‰vk¿. 1973¬
{]kn-≤o-I-cn-°-s∏´ Ata-cn-°≥ ssk-
Iym-{Sn‰vkv Atkm-kn-tb-js‚ Un.-F-
kv.Fw IIIbm¬ at\m-ssh-I-ey-ß-fpsS
]´n-I-bn¬ \n∂v kzh¿K-c-Xnsb \o°w
sNøp-hm-\p≈ ]cn-{i-a-Øn\p ap∂n¬
\n∂-bm-fmWv tUm: kv]n‰vk¿. AXp-
sIm-≠p-Xs∂ At±lw kzh¿Km-\p-cm-
Kn-Iƒ°v Gsd CjvSs - ∏´ Bfm-bn-cp-∂p,
2001 hsc. B h¿jw \S∂ Ata-cn-°≥
sskIym- { SnÃv Atkm- k n- t b- j s‚
hm¿jnIktΩ-f-\-Øn-emWv Hcm-fpsS
ssewKn-Im-`n-\n-thiw kzh¿Km-\p-cm-K-
Øn¬ \n∂v FXn¿h¿Km-\p-cm-K-Øn-
te°pw Xncn®pw am‰m-\m-hp-sa∂v ka¿-
Yn-®p-sIm-≠p≈ Xs‚ ]T-\-{]-_‘w
At±lw Ah-X-cn-∏n-®-Xv. AXn\v i‡-
amb {]Xn-I-c-W-ß-fp≠m-bn. kv]n‰vk-
dpsS {]_‘w A_≤]©mw-K-am-sW-
∂pw At±lw D]-tbm-Kn® coXn Aim-
kv{Xo-b-am-sW∂pw AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂
F.-]n.F hm¿jn-I-tbm-K-Øn¬ AXv
Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-hm≥ kΩ-Xn-°m≥ ]mSn-
√m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw hsc hmZ-ßf - p-ap-≠m-
bn.(23) F∂m¬ c≠p-h¿j-߃°p-ti-
jw 2003 HIvtSm-_-dn¬ B[n-Im-cnI
ssewKn-I-imkv{X]T-\-߃ am{Xw {]-
kn-≤o-I-cn-°p∂ "B¿°nhnkv Hm^v
skIvjz¬ _ntl-hn-b¿ amK-kn-\n'¬
"Nne kzh¿K-{]-WnbnIƒ°pw {]W-bn-
\n-Iƒ°pw Ah-cpsS ssewKn-Im-`n-\n-th-
iw am‰m-\m-hptam?'(can some gay men
and lesbians change their sexual orienta-
tion?)(24) F∂ Xe-s°-t´mSp IqSn {]kv-
XpX {]_‘w A®-Sn-®p-h-∂p. AtXm-
Sp-IqSn kv]n‰vsk-dpsS {]_‘w B[n-
Im-cn-Ia - s
- √∂ hmZ-Øn\v \ne-\n¬∏n-√m-
sX-bm-bn. B¿sI-hnkv Hm^v skIv-jz-
¬ _ntl-hn-b-dns‚ Hcp kvt]m¨-ksd
cmPn-sh-∏n-®p-sIm-≠mWv kzh¿Km-\p-cm-
Kn-Iƒ CXn-t\mSv {]Xn-Imcw ImWn-®Xv.
kzh¿Km-\p-cm-Kn-I-fm-b-h¿°v Xß-
fpsS ssewKn-Im-`n-\n-thiw am‰m≥ Ign-
bptamsb∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p tUm: kv]n‰v-k-
dpsS 16 amkw \o≠p-\n∂ ]T-\-Øns‚
hnjbw. kzh¿Km-`n-\n-thiw am‰-W-sa-
∂v kzbw \n›-bn-®p-sIm≠v NnIn¬k-
I¿°-Sp-sØ-Ønb 247 t]sc-bmWv A-
t±lw ]T-\-hn-t[-b-am-°n-b-Xv. AXn¬
200 t]¿°pw kzh¿Km-\p-cm-K-Øns‚
]nSn-bn¬ \n∂v ]q¿W-ambpw ap‡n-t\-
Sm- \ m- s b- ∂ mWv Ign™ A©p- h ¿-
jsØ Ah-cpsS PohnXw hy‡-am-°p-
∂-sX∂v kv]n‰vsk-dpsS ]T\w hy‡-
am-°n. Cßs\ kzh¿Km-\p-cm-K-Øns‚
{ZwjvS-ß-fn¬ \n∂v c£-s]-´-h-cn¬ 143
t]¿ ]pcp-j-∑mcpw 57 t]¿ kv{XoI-fp-
am-bn-cp-∂p. 76 iX-am\w ]pcp-j∑m¿°pw
47 iX-am\w kv{XoIƒ°pw Cu Zpxkz-
`m-hØ
- n¬ \n∂v c£-s∏-Sm-\m-bXv hnhm-
l-Øn\p tij-am-bn-cp-∂p. kzh¿Km-\p-
cmKw P∑\m \n›-bn-°s - ∏--´X- m-sW∂pw
Aß-s\-bp≈h¿°v AXn¬ \n∂pw
c£-s∏-Sm-\m-In-s√-∂p-ap≈ hmZ-Øns‚
ISbv°v IØn-sh-°p-IbmWv kv]n‰vk-
dpsS ]T-\ß - ƒ sNbvXX - v. At±-lt- Øm-
Sp≈ kzh¿K-{]-Wbn {]ÿm-\-ß-fpsS
FXn¿∏ns‚ Imc-Whpw AXp-X-s∂-bm-
bn-cp-∂p.
kzh¿Km-\p-cm-K-Øns‚ ]nSp-Ø-Øn-
¬ \n∂v c£-s∏--´-h-cpsS kwL-S-\-Iƒ
C∂v Ata-cn-°-bnepw bqtdm]y≥ cmPy-
ß-fn-ep-sa√mw kPo-ha - mbn {]h¿Øn-®p-
h-cp-∂p-≠v. kzh¿K-c-Xn-°m-cm-b-hsc
{]kvXpX Zpx»-o-e-Øn¬ \n∂p am‰p-I-
sb∂ e£y-tØmsS {]h¿Øn-°p∂
Ch¿ "FIvkv tK Hm¿K-ss\-tk-j-\pI-
ƒ' (ex-gay organizations) F∂mWv Adn-
b-s∏-Sp-∂X - v. kzh¿Km-\p-cm-Kn-If - m-bn-Ø-
Xo-cp-∂-h-cn¬ `qcn-]-£hpw ss{IkvXh-
cm-bn-cp-∂-Xn-\m¬ CØcw Iq´m-bva-I-fp-
≠m-bXpw H∂m-a-X-mbn Ah¿°n-S-bn¬
\n∂p-X-s∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p. 1973¬ Imen-
t^m¿Wn-b-bn¬ ÿm]n-°-s∏´ "eu
C≥ BIvj≥' BWv kzh¿K-{]-W-bm-
°-fm-bn-cp-∂h - c
- psS BZysØ kwLS\.
{InkvXp-hn-ep≈ hnizmkw hgn kzh-¿-
Km-\p-cm-K-Øns‚ ]nSn-bn¬ \n∂v hnSp-
X¬ t\Sp-hm-\m-hp-sa∂v {]t_m-[n-∏n-
°p∂ "FIvtkm-Ukv C‚¿\m-jW -- -em-
Wv G‰hpw i‡-amb {InkvXy≥ FIvkv
tK Iq´m-bva. kzh¿Km-\p-cm-Kn-I-fm-bn-cp-
∂-hcpw ]n∂oSv AXn¬ \n∂v hn-Sp-X¬
t\Sn-b-h-cp-amb PqX-∑m-cpsS Iq´m-bva-
bmWv "A’vXv s\t^¿kv'. 2001¬ d∫n
kvtemtam Ahn-\¿ ÿm]n® CXns‚
Bÿm\w Ckvdm-tb-em-Wv. kzh¿Km-
\p-cm-Kn-I-fm-bn-Øo¿∂ apkvenw-ßsf
AXn¬ \n∂v c£s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\v {ian-
°p∂ {_n´-\nse "kvss{S‰v th ^ut≠-
j\pw'(25) "AØu--_bp' bpam-Wv(26) Cu
cwK-Øp≈ apkvenw kwL-S\ - I- ƒ. kzh-
¿Km-\p-cm-Kn-Iƒ Aß-s\-Xs∂ P\n-°p-
∂-h-cm-sW∂pw Ah¿°v AXn¬ \n∂v
2009 sk-]v-Xw-_¿-
c£s∏-Sm-\m-hp-∂n-s√-∂p-ap≈ hmZ-ß-
sf sh√p-hn-fn-®p-sIm≠v Cu FIvkv tK
Iq´m-bva-I-fp-tS-bp-sa√mw AwK-߃ h¿-
[n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-Ib - m-sW∂v dnt∏m¿´p-
Iƒ hy‡-am-°p-∂-Xv.(27)
sNdp-∏Ø - n-ep-≠mb at\mhyXn-bm-\-
Øn¬ \n∂mWv Hcmƒ°v kzh¿K-ssew-
Kn-Im-`n-\n-th-ia - p-≠m-hp-∂s - X-¶n¬ AXv
Nn-In¬kn®p am‰pI A¬]w {]bm-k-
I-c-am-sW-¶nepw Akm-[y-a-√. ]n¬°-m-
e-L-´-ß-fnse kmaq-ly-km-l-N-cy-ß-fn-
¬ \n∂mWv Hcmƒ kzh¿K-c-Xn-°m-c-\m-
bn-Øo-cp-∂s - X-¶n¬ Abmsf NnIn¬kn-
°pI Xmc-X-ta\y Ffp-∏-am-Wv. BZyw
]d™ hn`m-K-Øn¬ Xs‚ `n∂-h¿K
hy‡n-Xzhpw kzh¿Km-\p-cmK Xzcbpw
Bg-Øn¬ thtcm-Sn-bXpw hy‡n-Xz-Øn-
¬ Xs∂ AXp{]Im-ca - p≈ am‰-ßf - p-≠m-
bn-Øo¿∂hcp-am-Wv F∂-Xn-\m-emWv
AØ-c-°msc t`Zam-°pI Ffp-∏-a-s√-
∂v kqNn-∏n-®Xv. F∂m¬ AØ-c° - msc
t]mepw i‡-amb hnizm-k-Nn-In¬k-
sIm≠v am‰n-sb-Sp-°m-\m-hpw. k¿th-iz-
c-\mb {kjvSm-hn-ep≈ t_m[hpw ac-
Wm-¥cPohn-XsØ Ipdn® IrXy-amb
Adnhpw \¬In-sIm-≠v, ]S-®-h≥ shdp-
°p-∂Xpw ]c-tem-IØv in£n-°-s∏-Sp-
∂-Xp-amWv kzh¿K-{]-Wb - s- a∂ hkvXp-
X t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øp-tºmƒ D≠m-hp-∂-
Xp-t]m-ep≈ am‰w at‰-sXmcp "tISpXo¿-
°¬ NnIn¬k' (reparative therapy)
sIm≠pw D≠m-°m-\m-hn-√. ssZh-t_m-
[hpw ]c-tem-I-Nn-¥bpw hy‡n-Xz-sØ-
Xs∂ am‰p-hm≥ t]m∂-Xm-sW∂ hkv-
XpX Ncn{Xw sXfn-bn-®n-´p-≈-Xm-Wv.
kzh¿Km-\p-cm-K-sa∂ hy‡nXz sshI-
eysØ am‰n-sb-Sp-°p-hm≥ ]‰nb G‰-
hpw A\p-tbm-Py-amb NnIn¬kbpw hn-
izm-k-hn-πhw Xs∂-bm-Wv. ss]im-Nn-I-
amb t_m[-\-߃°v ASn-a-s∏´v Xn∑-
bp-sS ]mX kzoI-cn®v hgn-sX-‰n-t∏m-b-
h¿°v \∑-bpsS am¿Kw ImWn-®p-sImSp-
-°p-hm\pw t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm\pw Ign-
™m¬ am‰-ap-≠m-Ip-sa-∂Xv Xo¿®-bm-
Wv. \in-∏n-°s - ∏´ ]q¿∆ kap-Zm-bß - sf
Ipdn®v ]cm-a¿in-°p-tºmƒ Ah¿°v a\-
 n-em-°p-hm≥ Ign-hp-≠m-bn´pw ]nim-
Nns‚ Ime-Sn-∏m-Sp-Iƒ ]n≥]-‰n-b-XmWv
\mi-Øn\v \nan-Øa - m-bs - X∂v Jp¿-B≥
hy‡-am-°p-∂p-≠v.
""BZv, YaqZv kapZmbßsfbpw (\mw
\in∏n°pIbp≠mbn) AhcpsS hmk-
44
kvYeßfn¬ \n∂v \n߃°Xv hyIvX-
ambn a\ nembn´p≠v. ]nimNv Ah¿°v
AhcpsS {]h¿Ø\߃ `wKnbmbn
tXm∂n°pIbpw Ahsc icnbmb am¿-
KØn¬ \n∂v XSbpIbpw sNbvXp. (hm-
kvXhØn¬) Ah¿ I≠dnbphm≥ Ign-
hp≈cmbncp∂p.'' (29:38)
]nim-Nns‚ ]mX-bn¬ A`n-ca - n-°p-∂-
hsc AXn¬ \n∂v kz¥w [¿asØ Ip-
dn® icn- b mb Ah- t _m- [ - Ø n- t e°v
\bn-°m≥ Ign-™m¬ kzh¿Km-\p-cm-Kn-
Isf kpJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm-\mhpw; hnizm-k-
tØ-°mƒ i‡-amb Hcp Bbp-[hpw
B Ah-t_m[ cq]o-I-c-W-Øn-\mbn am-
\-h-cm-in-bpsS ]°-en√. ÿmbn-bmb
am‰-ap-≠m-°p-hm≥ G‰hpw A\p-tbm-Py-
amb NnIn¬k hnizm-k-Nn-In¬k X-
s∂-bm-sW-∂mWv Ncn-{Xhpw A\p-`-h-
hpw \¬Ip∂ ]mTw.
d-^-d≥-kv-
1. amXr-`qan hmcm-¥-∏-Xn∏v 5˛7-˛2009
2. www.bihartimes.com/ maneka/homosexuali
ty.html
3. mathrubhumi.org/ news/ phd/id=1938 & cat=1
& sub=31& subit=0
4. www.whereincity.com/ india-kids/ animals
5. www2.ohchr.org/english/law/crc.htm
6. Splegel Online International 03-11-2008
7. Simon Le Vay: Queer Science. The Use and
Abuse of Research in to Homosexuality (1996)
Page 209
8. Bruce Bagemihl: Animal Homosexuality and
Natural Discovery (1999)/ssewKn-IX
9. http://supreme.justia.com/us/539/558/case.html
10.amXr-`qan hmcm-¥-∏-Xn∏v 5˛7-˛2009
11. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/ni/europe/6066606.stm
12. www.ipets.com/blog/2007-01-01archiever.html
13. www.messybeast.com/kill-kit.htm
14. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/homosexual-
behaviour-in-animals
15. Scientific American March 1995
16. www.petfinder.org/journelinder cgi?path/pub
lic/animalbehaviour/dogs/1.2.36.text&tempalate
17. Simon Le Vay: Queer Science. Page 207
18. www.cdc.gov/mmwr/dreview/mmwrhtml/
mm5424a2.htm
19. www. sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=c/a/2008/
01/15/MNI5UEDL*.DTL
20. www.csnews.com/public/content/articl
e.aspx?RsrcID=41975
21. www.conservapedia.com/homosexuality-and-
health
22. Bryne Fone: Homophobia (2001)
23. www.relegioustolerence.org/hom-spit.htm
24. www.ncbi.htm.nih.gov/pubmd/14567650
25. http://strightway.sinfree.net/
26. www.al-tawabah-faithweb.com
27. www.peoplecanchange.com