The document summarizes the human digestive system. It describes the process of digestion, which breaks down large food molecules into smaller forms that can be absorbed. Digestion occurs along the alimentary canal (gut), which is around 8 meters long. Key parts include the mouth, esophagus, stomach, duodenum, small intestine, and large intestine. The stomach, pancreas, liver, and intestinal glands secrete enzymes and juices that break down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats at each stage into smaller molecules like glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids which can then be absorbed.
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The document summarizes the human digestive system. It describes the process of digestion, which breaks down large food molecules into smaller forms that can be absorbed. Digestion occurs along the alimentary canal (gut), which is around 8 meters long. Key parts include the mouth, esophagus, stomach, duodenum, small intestine, and large intestine. The stomach, pancreas, liver, and intestinal glands secrete enzymes and juices that break down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats at each stage into smaller molecules like glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids which can then be absorbed.
The document summarizes the human digestive system. It describes the process of digestion, which breaks down large food molecules into smaller forms that can be absorbed. Digestion occurs along the alimentary canal (gut), which is around 8 meters long. Key parts include the mouth, esophagus, stomach, duodenum, small intestine, and large intestine. The stomach, pancreas, liver, and intestinal glands secrete enzymes and juices that break down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats at each stage into smaller molecules like glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids which can then be absorbed.
Copyright:
Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
The document summarizes the human digestive system. It describes the process of digestion, which breaks down large food molecules into smaller forms that can be absorbed. Digestion occurs along the alimentary canal (gut), which is around 8 meters long. Key parts include the mouth, esophagus, stomach, duodenum, small intestine, and large intestine. The stomach, pancreas, liver, and intestinal glands secrete enzymes and juices that break down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats at each stage into smaller molecules like glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids which can then be absorbed.
Copyright:
Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
smaller/ simpler form so that it can be absorbed into the bloodstream.
Where does this process take place?
In the eight-metre long tube called the gut/ alimentary canal THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
Mouth Oesophagus Stomach Duodenum
Anus Large intestine Small intestine • 3 main types of digestive enzymes: » Carbohydrases - break down carbohydrate » Preteases - break down protein » Lipases - break down fats
Enzyme : substances which act as
catalysts and generally speed up the chemical reaction in our body Digestion in the mouth • Food is broken down into smaller pieces by the teeth • Salivary amilase ( in saliva) acts starch(carbohydrates) and change it to maltose. • When we swallow, food passes into a tube which is called oesophagus. • The food is squeezed down the oesophagus by waves of muscular contraction ; peristalsis • Digestion in the stomach • The stomach secretes gastric juice (contain protease and hydrochloric acid Protease catalyse the breakdown of proteins to polypepetides or peptones Function of hydrochoric acid Stop the action of salivary amilase Provides acidic medium for action of protease Changes the inactive form of protease to active form Kills microorganisms in food • Digestion in duodenum The duodenum receives bile from the liver and pancreatic juice from pancreas. function of bile: -Neutralises acidic chyme from the stomach -Emulsifies fats into oil droplet Function of pancreatic juice: -Neutralises acidic chyme -Digests carbohydrates, lipids and protein >> Pancreatic amylase breaks downs starch into maltose >> Protease changes proteins to polypeptides >> Lipase turns fats and oil into fatty acids and glycerol Digestion in the lower part of the small intestine • Intestinal glands produces intestinal juices which contains digestive enzymes Carbohydrase turn maltose to glucose Proteases turns polypeptides into amino acids Lipase convert fats to fatty acid End product of digestion Classes of food End product Carbohydrates Glucose
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