TEFL 1

TOTAL PHYSICAL RESPONSE

(TPR)

Presented By :
Ari Yulianto (0911202378)
Moh.fery (0911202449)
Arum Anisa (0911202383)
 CONTENT

 Background
 UnderlyingPrinciples
 Classroom Techniques
 Closing
BACKGROUND

WHAT IS TOTAL PHYSICAL RESPONSE

.TPR is a language teaching method proposed by James
Asher (1988), a professor of psychology at San Jose State
University, California. According to Asher, TPR is based on
the premise that the human brain has a biological program
for acquiring any natural language in the world.

.In this method, basically, the instrukture gives commands in

the target language, demonstrates the corresponding action,
and directs the student to perform the same action.
 UNDERLYING PRINCIPLES

Asher’s draws three hypothese about learning from

different scholars such as Lanneberg (1964) and
Krashen (1977). The three hypotheses are as fPollowes :

1. Bioprogram
2. Brain-Lateralization
3. Reduction of Strees
 Classroom Techniques and Procedure
. Imperative drills are the major classroom activity in TPR
. Beginner may require no materials since the teachers are sufficient for
classroom activities. Asher has also developed TPR student kits that
focus on specific situation, such as the home, the super market, the
beach, etc.
. Many everyday activities, like writing a letter, can be asked to perform,
as in the following examples :
Take out a pen
Take out a piece of paper
Write a letter.(just imaginary)
fold the letter
put in the envelope
seal the envelope
Write the address on the envelope
put a stamp on the envelope
Mail the letter
 What follows is Asher’s examples of his TPR teaching
procedures which comprise of six stage. This course was
for adult immigrants and consisted of 159 hours of
classroom instruction. The procedures are as follows :

1. Review
2. New commands
3. Other Item Introduced
4. Physical respond
5. Role Reverdal
6. Reading and Writing
Closing

. TPR develops on the basis of the

observation and interpration of how
children acquiremother tongue then
Ashers sees second language learning
should be similar in process to the child
first language acquisition

. TPR, therefore, gives emphasis on the

existence of action (physical movement)
in its teaching technique