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    Protocols

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    This document discusses network protocols and the OSI reference model. It describes protocols as sets of rules that govern communication between network devices. The OSI model is introduced as having 7 layers, each performing a separate function in networking. Key layers include the physical layer which handles signals, the network layer which addresses messages, and the application layer which is the interface for users. Common protocols in use today like TCP/IP and AppleTalk are also listed.

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    Protocols

    Uploaded by

    prasidhprasad
    17 views10 pages
    This document discusses network protocols and the OSI reference model. It describes protocols as sets of rules that govern communication between network devices. The OSI model is introduced as having 7 layers, each performing a separate function in networking. Key layers include the physical layer which handles signals, the network layer which addresses messages, and the application layer which is the interface for users. Common protocols in use today like TCP/IP and AppleTalk are also listed.

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    This document discusses network protocols and the OSI reference model. It describes protocols as sets of rules that govern communication between network devices. The OSI model is introduced as having 7 layers, each performing a separate function in networking. Key layers include the physical layer which handles signals, the network layer which addresses messages, and the application layer which is the interface for users. Common protocols in use today like TCP/IP and AppleTalk are also listed.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    17 views10 pages

    Protocols

    Uploaded by

    prasidhprasad
    This document discusses network protocols and the OSI reference model. It describes protocols as sets of rules that govern communication between network devices. The OSI model is introduced as having 7 layers, each performing a separate function in networking. Key layers include the physical layer which handles signals, the network layer which addresses messages, and the application layer which is the interface for users. Common protocols in use today like TCP/IP and AppleTalk are also listed.

    Copyright:

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    of 10

    PROTOCOLS

    PRASIDH PRASAD
    1 MBAC
    1020223
    PROTOCOL
    Set of rules and formats which govern
    communication between two peers.

    NETWORK PROTOCOLS
      Defines rules and conventions for
    communication between network devices.
    CONCEPT OF LAYERING
    IBM- SNA( systems network architecture)
    DEC- DNA( dec network architecture)

    PURPOSE OF LAYERING
    Standardisation of inter layer interfaces so
    as to enable interoperability and functionality
    between the various network architectures.
    OSI REFERENCE MODEL
     Refers to open system interconnection.

     Developed by ISO ( International standards

    organisations) in 1983.
     These are the standards on the basis of which

    network protocols are based.

    CHARECTERISTICS
     Each layer performs a separate function.

     The model and its levels should be internationally

    portable.
     The number of layers should be architecturally

    needed.
     Each layer has a variety of protocols.
    LAYERS IN OSI
    PHYSICAL LAYER – LAYER 1
    Converts bits into signals for outgoing
    messages and signals into bits for incoming
    messages.

    DATA LINK LAYER- LAYER 2


    Sends specific data frames from network
    layer to the physical layer.

    NETWORK LAYER- LAYER 3


    It addresses messages for delivery and and
    translates logical network addresses into
    their physical equivalents.
    TRANSPORT LAYER- LAYER 4
     The main purpose is quality of service.
     It accepts data from the session layer, divide

    it into smaller units and pass them to the


    network layer.
     Hence it regulates the flow of information

    from the source to the destination reliably


    and accurately.
    SESSION LAYER – LAYER 5
     It establishes, manages and terminates

    sessions between two communicating hosts.


    PRESENTATION LAYER- LAYER 6
     It is concerned with the syntax and semantics

    of the information that is transmitted.


    Major functions
     Data formatting
     Data encryption
     Data compression
    APPLICATION LAYER- LAYER 7
     Closest to the end-user.
     This is the main interface for the user to

    interact with the application and hence with


    the network.
    COMMON PROTOCOLS IN USE TODAY
     NET BEUI
     TCP/IP
     APPLE TALK
     APPC
     X.25
     HDLC
     XNS

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