Communication Bulletin: Myanmar Christian Communication Services

Established since April 2000
COMMUNICATION BULLETIN
MYANMAR CHRISTIAN COMMUNICATION SERVICES
Vol(11). No.(128) November - 2010
"They stood at a distance and called out in a loud voice, "Jesus,

Master, have pity on us!" ............. Jesus asked, "Were not all ten
cleansed? Where are the other nine?" (Lk; 17:13-17)
Jhk
trSmpm
jrefrmEdkifiHwGif tESpf(20)twGif;yxrOD;qkH;usif;yaom taxGaxGa&G;aumufyGJ}uD;udk 2010 jynfhESpf Edk0ifbmv
(7)&ufae@wGifðyvkyfcJhygonf? Ta&G;aumufyGJ}uD;wGifyg0ifcGifhr&SdaomygwDrsm;/ ryg0ifvdkbJ oydwfarSmufaomygwDrsm;/
tEdkif&ygwDrsm;/ ryg0ifvdkbJ oydwfarSmufaomygwDrsm;/ tEkdif&ygwDrsm;/ ¶_H;aomygwDrsm;[lIxGufay:vmygonf? 1990
a&G;aumufyGJwGiftEkdif&aomfvnf; ,ae@txd tkyfcsKyfcGifhtm%mudkr&&SdEdkifao;aomygwDvnf;&Sdaeygonf?
pma&;olwdk@wifjyvdkaomta=umif;t&monf EkdifiHa&;ta=umif;r[kwfbJ/ EkdifiHom;rsm;/ vlom;wdk@.arG;&myg
tcGifhta&;wpf&yfjzpfaom vGwfvyfpGma&G;cs,fydkifcGifhjzpfygonf? xm0&bk&m;u vlwdkif;tay:wGif rlvuyif TtcGifh
ta&;udk ay;xm;jcif;jzpfa=umif;udk ajymjyvdkygonf? vlwdkif;wGifa&G;cs,fydkifcGifh&Sdovdk xdka&G;cs,fr_.&v'ftwGufvnf;
wm0ef,lay;qyfwwf&efvdktyfa=umif;aqG;aEG;vdkygonf? a&G;cs,fjcif;tEdkif&jcif;rsm;&Sdaomfvnf; tusdK;oufa&muf
Ekdifr_/ taumiftxnfraz:Edkifr_udpPrsm;vnf;&Sdygonf?
bk&m;ocifonfvludkwkdif;a&;jynfa&;twGuf udk,fydkifa&G;cs,fqkH;jzwfydkifcGifhudkay;aomfvnf;/ wpfcgwpf&H
vufawG@taumiftxnfay:rvmaomt&mrsm;vnf;&Sdygonf? odk@&mwGif 0dnmOfa&;&mYudk,fydkifa&G;cs,fqkH;jzwfcsuf
rsm;onf rdrdwpfOD;wnf;ESifhoufqkdif+yD;/ vufawG@wGif udk,fwkdifcHpm;&aomt&mrsm;jzpfygonf?
urBmOD;usrf;(2;15-17)wGif bk&m;utm'Hudk zefqif;onf? {'ifO,smOfudkðypkjcif;onf aumif;raumif;udk
odu|rf;&mtyif&Sda=umif;udk &Sif;jyygonf? pm;rdv#if {ueftrSefao&rnf[kvnf; ajymjyxm;ygonf? TvGwfvyfpGm
a&G;cs,fcGifhudk tm'HESifh{0wdk@u tokH;ðy+yD;/ toD;udkpm;=ujcif;tm;jzifh aojcif;t&mudkcHpm;=u&ygonf?
&Sifr\J (27;11-24)wGif ocifa,¶_tm; zrf;qD;=u+yD;/ ydvwfrif;xHydk@onfhta=umif;udkawG@&ygonf? tjypf
r&Sdaomc&pfawmfESifh rdrfd.tcGifhtm%mudk ydvwfrif;ua&G;cs,fvJvS,fcJhygonf? xdkenf;wl Am&AŠESifhc&pfawmf rnfol@
tm;v$wfaprnfenf;[k trsm;qENudka&G;cs,fckdif;ygonf? vlxkuvnf; c&pfawmfudkomvuf0g;uyfwdkifwif&ef awmif;
qdka&G;cs,fcJh=uygonf? xdkvGwfvyfpGma&G;cs,fr_rsm;a=umifh xdkyk*~dKvftoD;oD;.0dnmOfonf xm0&toufESifha0;=u&
ygrnf?
c&pfawmfonf aojcif;rZPsKrmefudk atmifEkdif+yD;/ &SifjyefxajrmufcJhygonf? wynfhawmfwdk@tm; usrf;pmvm
onfhta=umif;t&mrsm; wajz;ajz;jynfhpkHvmrnf[k óudwifa[m=um;cJhygonf? wynfhawmfrsm;txJwGif tºuGif;rJh
,kH=unfolrsm;&Sdovdk aomruJhodk@aomolonf “vufawmfY oH¶dkuf&mcsufudk rjrif/ oH¶dkuf&mcsufudkvnf; vufESifh
rprf;royf&v#if tu|Ekfyfr,kH”[kajymolvnf;&Sdaeygonf? “a,¶_uvnf; oifonfighudkjrifomaoma=umifh/ ,kHjcif;
&Sd.? ighudkrjrifbJ ,kHaomolwdk@onf r*Fvm&Sd=u.[krdef@awmfrl.?”(&Sifr\J/ 20;25-29)
rdwfaqG avmuEkdifiHom,m0ajyma&;twGuf iguydkvkyfEkdifrnf/ oluydkvkyfEkdifrnf[k rJqG,fpnf;¶kH;aeaom
udpPrsm;wGif oif.vGwfvyfpGmrJay;qkH;jzwfydkifcGifhudk tokH;ðyEkdifaomfvnf;/ vufawG@aocsmr_r&Sdao;aomavmuDEdkifiH
awmfta&;xuf/ rdrd.udk,fydkifqkH;jzwfydkifcGifhudktokH;ðyv#uf rdrd.touf0dnmOfxm0&EkdifiHawmfrSmpHjref;Ekdif&ef c&pfawmf
. u,fwifjcif;w&m;udk ,kH=unfvufcH&efqkH;jzwfyg?
rdrdudk,fwkdif u,fwifjcif;w&m;udk ,kH=unfvufcH+yD;ygu/ jrefrmEkdifiHwGif c&pfawmf.u,fwifjcif;ta=umif;
owif;aumif;udk r=um;odao;olrsm;udk {0Ha*vdw&m;a0r#onfhtr_awmfjrwfY wpfenf;enf;jzifh yg0if=u&efvdktyf
ygonf?
vlwdkif;vlwdkif; xm0&touf&&Sdap&eftwGuf c&pfawmf.u,fwifjcif;udk ,kH=unfvufcHaom a&G;cs,fqkH;jzwf
csufrsm;ðyEkdif=uygap[k qkrGefaumif;awmif;v#uf -
trIawmfjrwfü
Thang Nang Lian Thang & Ma Yin Yin @ Julia Man Ngaih Hau
(Publishers and editors)
Myanmar Christian Communication Bulletin
Tokyo, Japan
Myanmar Christian Communication Bulletin Page - 2 November - 2010 V. (11) No. (128) - Jhk
rmwdum
1? toufwmajymif;vJapaom 0dnmOfa&;&mwefcdk;awmf/ (Derek Prince) pmrsufESm 4
2? bk&m;ocif.toHawmfrnfuJhodk@ =um;&rnfenf;/ (Abraham Fitzpatrick) ? 8
3? usefwJhtjcm;udk;a,mufb,frSmvJ´(aomif;Ekd;) ? 12
4? owif;wdkxGm ? 15
5? 0dnmOfawmf.az: jyr_udk tav;xm;I/ (Rev. Dr. Tin Maung Tun) ? 17
6? E_wfuywfawmfudk cH,lvdkufav#muf+yD;rS/ (Bro: U Tin Maung Kyi) ? 19
7? yef;uav;rsm;rEGrf;apcsif/ (Adkfvfrª;azoGif- t+idrf;pm;a&wyfAdkvf) ? 22
Myanmar Christian Communication Services

"rR'geyg0ifvSL'gef;vdkolrsm;atmufygb%fpm&if;odk@ ay;ydk@Ekdifyga=umif;?
Man Ngaih Hau
A/C No. 0005-080-0008119
Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ
,ckvpmapmifjzpfajrmufa&;twGuf tvªaiGtm;jzifhyg0ifaom M. Zau Htoi

-Marip Seng Bu(Minori) rdom;pk? Gospel Mission Church (owif;aumif;
omoemtoif;awmf) ESifhwuG oifq&m? jrifq&m? Mum;q&mrsm;? trnfrazmfvdkol
"r®rdwfaqGtvª&Sifrsm;/ qkawmif;jcif;tm;jzifhaomf4if;? pmrlrsm;ay;ydkYjcif;tm;jzifhaomf4if;?
yg0ifMuaom ,kHMunfolta,mufpDwdkif;tay:? bk&m;ocifonf omí<u,f0pGmaom
aumif;csD;r*Fvmrsm;csay;ygapaMumif;?qkrGefaumif;awmif;tyfygonf/
Editor
Myanmar Christian Communication Service
10-7 Ishijima, White Villa Toyocho 505 Koto-ku 135-0014 Tokyo, Japan
- &  - 03-6458-7869
e - haukhek@yahoo.com, e - lianthang@hotmail.com
http://mcbulletinjapan.blogspot.com
Myanmar Christian Communication Bulletin Page - 3 November - 2010 V. (11) No. (128)-Jhk
toufwmajymif;vJapaom
0dnmOfa&;&m wefcdk;awmff
,cifvrStquf Derek Prince
bk&m;ocif.aq;ykvif;
rsufjcnfrjywfygapESifh
bk&m;ocifonf aq;ykvif;ay:a&;om;xm;aom !¸ef=um;csufyxrjzpfaom ‘aphaphtm¶kHpdkufyg’ESifh 'kwd,
jzpfaom ‘em;udkpGifhyg’wdk@udk wufqufcJhyg+yD? xdk@a=umifh ta=umif;t&mwpfqufwnf;jzpfatmif ‘rsufjcnfrjywfygap
ESifh’[laom !¸ef=um;csufudk qufvufwifjyoGm;ygrnf? rsufjcnfrjywfap&eftcsufrsm;rSm bk&m;ocif.E_wfuywf
awmftm;jzifhomv#ifjzpfygonf?
Taq;!¸ef;wGif aomhcsufrSm ‘tm¶kHðy’[laom pum;wpfvkH;wnf;jzifhaygif;pyfEkdifjcif;jzpfygonf? vl.rsufpd
ta=umif; xl;jcm;csufwpfckrSm rsufpdESpfvkH;jzpfaomfvnf; t&m0wWKudk jyef=unfhonfhtcg t¶kyfo¾mefwpfckwnf;
tjzpf aygif;pyfIjrifwwfjcif;jzpfygonf? trSefwu,fwGif u|Ekfyfwdk@.rsufaphtvkyfvkyfonfhtcgom TuJhodk@jrifwwf
jcif;jzpfygonf? obm0zefqif;ay;onfhtwkdkif; rjrifv#if rsufvkH;tpkH&Sdonfhwdkifatmif =unf=unfvifvifrjrif&bJ
r_ef0g;0g;jrif&ygrnf? 0dnmOfe,fy,fwGifvnf; vltajrmuftrsm;onf Tjy\em&Sd=uonf[k u|Ekfyf,kH=unfygonf?
xdkolwdk@onf 0dnmOfrsufpdjzifh =unfh¶_&ef rwwfpGrf;ao;onfhtwGuf 0dnmOft&mrsm;udk =unfh¶_onfhtcg r_ef0g;0g;
jrif=u&onf?
vltrsm;qkH;.pdwfxifwGif 0dnmOfavmuonf wdrftkyfaom/ wchsdKwpf0ufom ,kwWd&Sdaom/ roJruGJaom/
ykHpHrusaomavmutjzpf ¶_jrif=uonf? u|Ekfyfudk,fwkdif bk&m;ocifta=umif; rodu|rf;rD/ bmoma&;udk Ttwkdif;yif
xifjrif,lqcJhygonf? bmoma&;udk bk&m;&Sdcdk;ausmif;ywfvnfwGif tkyftkyfqdkif;qdkif;wefcdk;ozG,fxifrSwfcJhygonf?
u|Ekfyfom vlaumif;olaumif;jzpfcJhv#if xdkwefcdk;onf u|Ekfyfacgif;ay:wGif oufa&mufvmvdrfhrnf[k xifrSwfaomfvnf;
jzpfrvmcJhyg? xdka=umifh bk&m;w&m;wGif pdwfr0ifpm;bl;[k tvG,fwulqkH;jzwfum/ '\edutawG;tac:bmom&yf
udk avhvm&ef pdwfajymif;vdkufygonf? odk@aomfvnf; trSefw&m;onf wnf+rJaoma=umifh 0dnmOfrsufpdjzifh r=unfh
¶_wwfv#if 0dnmOfa&;tppftrSefrsm;udk tjriftm¶kHYr_ef+rJr_efaeygvdrfhrnf? 0dnmOf¶_jrifykHESifh ywfoufaom a,¶_.
trdef@awmfudk=unfhyg?
“udk,f.qDrD;um; rsufpdwnf;? xdka=umifh rsufpd=unfvifaomtcg wpfudk,fvkH;vif;vdrfhrnf? rsufpdajr;&Suf
aomtcg wpfudk,fvkH;rdkufvdrfhrnf”(vkum/ 11;34)?
Tae&mwGif a,¶_onf cE<mudk,fwpfckvkH;udk xdcdkufaomta=umif;t&mwpfckckta=umif;udk ajymqdkjcif;
jzpfygonf? wpfcsdefwnf;rSmyif bk&m;ocif.E_wfuywfawmfonf wpfudk,fvkH;wGif usef;rmjcif;jzpfaponfhta=umif;
okwWH4 . tqkH;udk owd&ygonf? odk@aomfvnf; Tae&mwGif a,¶_rdef@awmfrlcJhonfhta=umif;t&mrSm rsufpdtokH;
ðyenf;jzpfygonf? ‘rsufpd=unfvifaomtcg’Tpmydk'f.qdkvdk&if;t"dy`g,frSma&S;OD;pGm¶kyfvkH;ay:atmif =unfh¶_wwfzdk@
jzpfonf[k ,lq&ygonf? rsufpdESpfvkH;rSwjcm;wpfzufpD =unfh¶_jcif;r[kwfbJ ¶kyfwpfckjzpfatmif =unfh¶_wwfzdk@jzpfygonf?
wqufwnf;rSmyif a,¶_.trdef@awmfum; rsufvkH;tpkHjzifh=unfh¶_v#if wpfudk,fvkH;wGif xif&Sm;vmvdrfhrnf[lI&Sif;jy
cJhjcif;jzpfygonf? “rsufpd=unfvifvmaomtcg wpfudk,fvkH;vif;vdrfhrnf?”
wpfudk,fvkH;vif;aomudk,fcE<monf a&m*gusa&mufzdk@ae&mr&Sdbl;[k u|Ekfyf,kH=unfygonf? tvif;ESifharSmif
rdkufonf oD;jcm;jzpfygonf? tema&m*gonf arSmifrdkufrSjzpfonf? usef;rmjcif;onf tvif;rSjzpfonf?
“ig.emrudk a=umuf&GH@aomoifwdk@Yum; w&m;awmfaerif;onf temaysmufapaom tawmifwdk@ESifhay:
xGef;awmfrlrnf?”(rmvcd/ 4;2)?
aerif;onf obm0tm;jzifh tvif;.t&if;tjrpfjzpfonf? aexGufvmaomtcg tvif;rSjzpfay:vmaom
t&mESpfckrSm ajzmifhrwfjcif;ESifh tema&m*gaysmufuif;jcif;jzpfonf? ajzmifhrwfjcif;ESifhusef;rmjcif;wdk@onf tvif;a=umifh
jzpfygonf? qef@usifbufwdk@rSm arSmufrdkufa=umifhjzpfonf? ajzmifhrwfjcif;.qef@usifbufonf tjypfjzpfonf? tem
a&m*g+idrf;jcif;.qef@usifbufonf zsm;emjcif;jzpfonf? tjypfESifhzsm;emjcif;onf arSmifrdkufjcif;a=umifhjzpfonf? odk@aomf
ajzmihfrwfjcif;ESifhtema&m*g+idrf;jcif;onf tvif;a=umifhjzpfygonf? a,¶_rdef@awmfrlonfum; “rsufpd=unfvifaom
tcg wpfudk,fvkH;ajzmifhrwfjcif;ESifhusef;rmjcif;jzifh vif;vdrfhrnf?” Tta=umif;t&mwpfckvkH;onf =unfvifaom
rsufpdydkifqdkifjcif;ay:wGif rlwnfonf?
‘=unfvif’[laompum;vkH;udk *&dtbd"gefY avhvm&mwGif t*Fvdyfbmompum;‘single’[k jyefqdkxm;onf
udk awG@&ygonf? single . t"dy`g,ftrsdK;rsdK;&SdonfhtxJu toihfawmfqkH;t"dy`g,frSm “=unfvifonf/ &Sif;vif;onf/
ppfrSefonf”[kjzpfygonf? oif.rsufpdudk =unf=unfvifvif/ &Sif;&Sif;vif;vif;/ tppftrSeftokH;ðyv#if usrf;pmudk
a&;xm;onfhtwkdif; t"dy`g,frvGJ/ tm¶kHrvGJbJ ¶_jrifwwfjcif;/ rdrdodonf[k txif}uD;jcif;/ tawG;tac: }uD;rm;jcif;
wdk@udk vdkrnfr[kwfyg? oifzwf¶_aomusrf;ydk'fudk t"dy`g,ftrsdK;rsdK;r&Sif;jyEkdifaomfvnf; qdkvdk&if;udk vufcHEkdifrnf jzpf
ygonf?
'kwd,!¸ef=um;csufjzpfonfh ‘em;pGifhyg’. qdkvdk&if;t"dy`g,frSm rmausmaomvnfyif;udk ikH@I=um;em&ef jzpf
onf[k &Sif;jycJh+yD;jzpfygonf? t[ef@twm;trsdK;rsdK;&SdonfhtxJu wpfzufowf/ wpf,loefjcif;ESifh óudwifawG;awm
jcif;ta=umif;udk &Sif;jycJhyg+yD? xyfrH&Sif;jy&rnfqdkv#if bk&m;ocifu rnfonfht&mqdkvdkonfudk igod+yD;yg+yD[k xifrSwf
um =um;emoifhoavmuf r=um;emvdkjcif;jzpfygonf?
Twwd,oGefoifcsufonf =unfvif&Sif;vif;jcif;(odk@)ppfrSefjcif;(odk@)oabmjzLpifjcif;ta=umif;jzpfygonf?
T&Sif;vif;=unfvifjcif;ESifhtppftrSefoabmjzLpifjcif;wdk@. twm;tqD;wdk@rSm qifjcifwkHw&m;ESifh pOf;vJjcif;wdk@jzpf
ygonf? w&m;a[mq&mrsm;/ avmuDu|rf;usifr_twwfynmrsm;udk a'oemwGif &nf!¸ef;a[majymonfhtcg
txl;ojzifh orRmusrf;onf tppftrSefjzpfa=umif;udk xif&Sm;jyozdk@óud;pm;onfhtcg u|Ekfyfpdwfylyefavh&Sdygonf?
avmuDtwwfynmu|rf;usifr_jzifh orRmusrf;ppfrSefa=umif;udk xif&Sm;jyo&efvdktyfonf[k u|Ekfyfr,kH=unfyg? tukef
tpifajym&v#if xdkodk@aomenf;vrf;tm;jzifh usrf;pmppfrSefonfhta=umif;udk twnfðyEkdifrnfr[kwfyg?
u|EkfyfwifjycJhonfhtwkdif; bk&m;ocif.E_wfuywfawmfudk =um;emjcif;tm;jzifh csufcsif;yifqdkovdk vsifjrefpGm
r[kwfonfhwkdifatmif wajz;ajz;ESifh,kH=unfjcif;jzpfvmygrnf? odk@jzpfI bk&m;ocif.E_wfuywfawmfrSm =um&SnfpGm
tm¶kHjywfjcif;onftqkH;wGif ,kH=unfjcif;udk wnfaqmufrnfr[kwfyg? xdk@a=umifh bk&m;ocifrdef@awmfrlcJhonfrSm TuJhodk@
qdkvdkonf/ a&;xm;onfhtwkdif; ,kH=unfonf?”[k &Sif;vif;aomrsufpdjzifh zwf¶_zdk@om&Sdygonf?
aq;¶kHrS tawG@t}uHKudk jyefvnfpOf;pm;rdygonf? u|Ekfyfonf '\eduygarmuQ/ vufwifESifh *&dpmaywdk@rS
ajrmufjrm;pGmwdk@rS &Snfvsm;pGmtvGwf&GwfqdkjyEkdifaom yk*~dKvfwpfOD;jzpfonf? Tr#avmuf avmuDynmwwfaomol/
rv_yf&Sm;EdkifbJ a&m*gxlajymaomoludk bk&m;ocif.E_wfuywfawmftm;jzifh &Sif;vif;aomtema&m*g+idrf;aponfh
enf;vrf;udkurf;vSrf;jcif;cHcJh&ygonf? ‚if;enf;vrf;rSm bk&m;ocif.E_wfuywfawmfudk aq;0g;tjzpf aomufokH;&ef
jzpfygonf? wzef avmuDtawG;tac:Om%fynmjzifh pOf;pm;awG;awmv#if xdkE_wfuywfawmfonf ,kwWdr&Sd/ tcsnf;
ESD;pum;jzpfygonf? pdwfxJu z,fxkwfypfcsifonf? odk@aomf avmuDtawG;tac:wwfu|rf;aom u|EkfyfrSm wpfudk,f
vkH;tema&m*gjynfhESufaeaomfvnf; '\eduynmonf raysmufapcJhyg? xdk@a=umifh a&G;cs,f&ef enf;vrf;ESpfckESifh
&ifqdkifcJh&onf? xdkenf;vrf;rsm;rSm vlvdrRmvkyf+yD; a&m*gxlajymae&rnfvm;(odk@)pdwfxm;=unfvifI tema&m*g
+idrf;jcif;cH,l&rnfvm;? xdktcsdefrSpI ,ckwdkif tpOft+rJ 0rf;ajrmuf&aomta=umif;rSm tema&m*g+idrf;apjcif;cH,lEkdif
avmufatmif rdrdpdwfudk =unfvif&Sif;vif;apcJhjcif;jzpfonf?
pdwf=unfvif&Sif;vif;jcif;qdkonfrSm oif.tjrif=unfvifv#if oif.pdwfxm;ppfrSefv#if oif.tawG;tac:
xJodk@ epfrGef;jcif;r&Sdv#if oifonf qifajcay;jcif;rS a0;uGmoGm;v#if oifon usrf;wwfynm&Sifwdk@. tqdktrdef@
tm;vkH;udk ra&wGufwwfv#if xdktcg oifonf bk&m;ocifudk csOf;uyf&eftcGifhtvrf;rsm;pGm yGifhvmygrnf? ESpfaygif;
rsm;pGm tawG@tóuHt& Tta=umif;t&mrsm;rSefuefa=umif; oabmaygufapcJhygonf? bk&m;w&m;tawG;tac:onf
ykHrSeftm;jzifh vlwdk@.,kH=unfjcif;udk taxmuftulrðyyg?
TtawG;tac:udk tqkH;owf&ef &Sifaygvk.=o0g'pmESpfydk'fudk az: jyygrnf? avmutjrifwGif vlrdkufpum;
ESifhwlaom pdwf=unfvifjcif;wpfrsdK;ta=umif;udk u|Ekfyfwdk@tacstwif pum;ajymae=uonfudk rSwfom;yg? TudpPESifh
ywfoufI &Sifaygvk.a&;om;csufrSm-
“bk&m;ocif.rdkufrJjcif;t&monf vlwdk@.ynmxufomIynm&Sd.? bk&m;ocif.tm;enf;jcif;t&monf
vlwdk@. tpGrf;xufomI tpGrf;&Sd.?”(1aum/ 1;25)
&Sifaygvk rlv&nf!¸ef;aomt&mrSm vuf0g;uyfwdkifjzpfygonf? xdkumv/ xdkacwf,Ofaus;r_"avhxkH;pHwGif
vuf0g;uyfwdkifonf tcsnf;ESD;qkH;aom trdkufrJqkH;aomt&mjzpfonfudk oif.pdwfxJwGif xifjrifEkdifygonf? odk@aomf
vnf; xdkvuf0g;uyfwdkif.tiftm;cs!fheJ@&mrS bk&m;ocif.teE Wwefcdk;xGufvmonf? vuf0g;uyfwdkif. rdkufrJjcif;
rS &SmazGIrukefEkdifaom bk&m;ocif.ynmxGufvmonf? xdk@a=umifh bk&m;ocif.Om%fynmESifh cGeftm;udk&,lEkdif&ef
u|Ekfyfwdk@onf cs!fheJ@tm;aysmhI tvGefrdkufrJ&musaom tr_t&mwpfckodk@ vSnfh&rnf?
aum&dE WK=o0g'pmyxrpmapmif tcef;(1)udk qufzwfonfhtcg &Sifaygvku tvGefpdwf0ifpm;p&mwpfckxyf
ajymygonf? tb,fha=umifhqdkaomf &Sifaygvk&nf!¸ef;aomolrsm;rSm u|EkfyfuJhodk@aom '\edutawG;tac:ynmudk
aemufa=umif;cHaomolrsm;udk &nf!¸ef;jcif;jzpfonf[k oabmaygufygonf? rdrdudk,fudk aumif;rGefpGmokH;oyfEkdifygonf?
“tb,folr# udk,fudkrvSnfhjzm;apESifh? oifwdk@wGif t=uifolonf TavmuYynm&Sdonf[k udk,fudkxif.?
xdkolonf ynm&Sdtjzpfodk@ a&mufapjcif;iSg vlrdkufjzpfygap?”(1aum/ 3;18)?
u|Ekfyfwdk@ESifh bk&m;ocif.ynmtv,fwGif uGif;jyif}uD;/ pdwfESdrfhcsjcif;wnf;[laom vGifjyif}uD;ujcm;vsufae
onf? avmuDynmudk ab;z,fxm;&rnf? bk&m;ocif.ynmudk tppftrSefcH,lEkdif&ef avmu.tjrifwGif vlrdkufrsm;
jzpf=uzdk@ vdktyfygonf?
xdktcdkuftwef@wGif u|Ekfyfonf a¶G;p&mwpfckudk &ifqdkifcJhygonf? avmuDynm&Sdtjzpf &yfwnfI a&m*gxlajym
&rvm;(odk@)avmuDtjrifwGif vlrdkufvkyfI tema&m*g+idrf;apjcif;cH,l&rnfvm;? vlvdrRmvkyfI a&m*gxlajymaejcif;
xuf rdkufrJzdk@ ydkrdkvdrRmum tema&m*g+idrf;apjcif;cH,l&rvm;[k ajymqdk&rnf? ¶_wfaxG;aumif; ¶_wfaxG;ygvdrfhrnf?
odk@aomf &Sifaygvk.qkH;rpum;rSm Ttwkdif;yifjzpfygonf? “oifonf TavmuwGif ynm&Sd[k xifrSwfv#if oifonf
ynm&Sdjzpfatmifvlrdkufjzpf&rnf? ta=umif;rlum; bk&m;ocif.rdkufrJjcif;onf vlwdk@.ynmxuf rsm;pGmomvGefonf?
òcHikHokH;oyfonfhtcg bk&m;ocif.E_wfuywfawmfrsm;udk oifrsufjcnfrjywfygapESifh? =unfvif&Sif;vif;aom
rsufpdudk ydkifqdkifyg? orRmusrf;udk a&;om;xm;onfhtwdkif;zwfI qdkvdkaomt"dy`g,fudk usrf;pmtqdktwkdif; cH,lyg?
ESvkH;wGif;Y apmifhxm;avmh
bk&m;ocif.aq;0g;udk rnfuJhodk@ vufcHEkdifrnf[laom ta=umif;t&mESifhywfoufI !¸ef=um;csuf yxr
okH;ckudk aqG;aEG;cJhyg+yD? ,ck pwkwˆESifhaemufqkH;jzpfaom udk,fawmf.E_wfuywfawmfESifh w&m;pum;rsm;ta=umif;
!¸ef=um;csufjzpfonfh ‘oif.pdwfESvkH;xJwGif apmifhxm;yg’udk aqG;aEG;wifjyygrnf?
T!¸ef=um;csufonf ta=umif;w&m;ESpfcsufjzifh u|EkfyftwGufrsm;pGmt"dy`g,f&Sdvmygonf? yxrqkH;tcsuf
rSm Tusrf;ydk'ftm;jzifh u|Ekfyfudk,fwdkifusef;rmvmonf?
'kwd,tcsufrSm u|Ekfyfonf ig;ESpfvkH;vkH; tmz&duwdkuf ausmif;q&mrsm;udk avhusifhynmay;onfh ta&S@
tmz&duwdkufYwnf&Sdaom aumvdyfausmif;wpfausmif;wGif ausmif;tkyf}uD;vkyfudkifcJhygonf? ausmif;q&mvkyf&rnf
qdkawmh oif=um;a&;qdkif&m tajccHrlwpfchsdKESif tu|rf;0ifatmifvkyfzdk@ vdktyfvmygonf? ausmif;om;rsm;. OD;aESmuf
xJodk@ todynmudk xnfhoGif;&ef vG,ful&Sif;vif;aomtajccHrlrsm;xJu wpfckrSm u|Ekfyfwdk@tac: ‘em;wHcg;’ESifh
‘rsufpdwHcg;’rljzpfygonf? uav;wpfa,muf.tm¶kHudk vkH;0qGJaqmifvdkv#if 0ifayguf&Ekdifor#udk tokH;ðy&ygrnf?
uav;wdk@onf em;jzifh=um;¶kHjzifhr+yD;bJ/ rsufpdjzifh jrif&efvdktyfonf? vufawG@wGif uav;wpfa,mufonf =um;¶kH
jrif¶kHtwGuf roif=um;bJ oif=um;onfh bmom&yfxJwGif yg0ifepfrGef;I =um;/ jrif/ vkyfwwf&efvnf; oif=um;avhusifh
zdk@ vdktyfygonf?
okwWHxJu Tusrf;ydk'fonf ESpfaygif; 3000 cef@uwnf;u bk&m;ocifóudwifwGufqcJhaom ,ckacwf ynm
oif=um;a&;pdwfynmudk pdwfynmudk oabmaygufvmcJhonfrSm u|EkfyftwGuf r*Fvmwpfyg;jzpfygonf? xdkusrf;ydk'f
tjynfhtpkHrSm “igha[majymcsufwdk@udk em;oGif;avmh? oifhrsufarSmufrS ruGmapESifh? ESvkH;wGif;Y apmifhxm;avmh?”(okwWH/
4;20-21)?
em;wHcg;/ rsufpdwHcg;Y 0ifap&ef }uH&G,fcsufrSm vlwpfudk,fvkH;.A[dktcsuftcsmjzpfaom ESvkH;om;xJodk@
a&muf&SdoGm;ap&efjzpfygonf? ESvkH;xJodk@a&mufoGm;onfhtcg wynfhvkyfaomolwdk@onf uwdxm;onfhtwkdif; vdkufem
vkyfaqmif=uygvdrfhrnf? odk@aomfvnf; olwdk@.ESvkH;udk xdawG@r_r&Sdv#ifum;/ aumif;aomtusdK;oufa&mufvmrnf
r[kwfyg? udk,fcE<musef;rma&;wGif xda&mufEkdif&ef oifaomufokH;aom aq;0g;wdk@onf aoG;a=umxJodk@ yhsHESH@&rnf?
aq;udkaomufokH;onfhwdkifatmif aoG;a=umxJodk@ ra&mufv#if tusdK;tmedoif&Sdrnfr[kwfyg? tvm;wl bk&m;ocif
.aq;0g;onf ESvkH;xJodk@ 0ifoGm;rSom xda&mufygonf? +yD;cJhaom !¸ef=um;csufokH;csufwdk@onf uwdðycJhaomt&m
udk taumiftxnfazmfrnfhae&modk@ aq;0g;a&mufoGm;zdk@ta=umif;jzpfygonf? xdkaq;0g;a&muf&Sd&rnfh aemufqkH;ae&m
rSm ESpfvkH;jzpfygonf? T!¸ef=um;csufokH;csuft+yD;wGif ‘ESvkH;wGif;Y apmifhxm;avmh’[k tqdkðyjcif;jzpfygonf?
usrf;pmxJwGif teufeJqkH;aom tcsufwpfcsufjzpfonfh xdkokwWHusrf;rS usrf;ydk'ftchsdKudk qifjcif&efvdktyfygonf?
“ESvkH;onf touf.tajctjrpfjzpfaoma=umifh oif.ESvkH;udk txl;ojzifh apmifha&Smufavmh?”(okwWH/ 4;23)?
“ESvkH;onf touf.tajctjrpfjzpfaoma=umifh” tydk'fonf tvGefeufeJygonf? u|Ekfyf.pdwfonf ta&S@
tmz&duwdkufudk jyefIowd&onf? u|Ekfyf.ausmif;om;/ ausmif;olrsm;xJu ausmif;olwpfa,mufonf Tusrf;ydk'fudk
olrwdk@bmompum;jzifh Lor la qo li [k wdkwdkawmif;awmif;a&;om;cJhygonf? ausmif;olrsm; tdyfaqmifeH&Hay:wGif
xdkausmif;ola&;om;cJhaom TpmvkH;udk u|Ekfyfem;vnfor#bmomjyefqdk&mwGif “oifwwfpGrf;or#jzifh oif.ESvkH;udk
apmifh=uyfyg? ta=umif;rlum; touf&Sifoef&ef t&mcyfodrf;wdk@onf ESvkH;rSxGufvmonf”[k jzpfygonf? ‚if;onf
King James Version usrf;pmxJu a&;xm;onfxuf ydk&Sif;ygonf?
touf&Sifjcif;ESifhpyfqdkifaomt&mcyfodrf;wdk@onf ESvkH;xJrSxGufvmonf[laom ,kH=unfpdwfonf u|Ekfyfudk
rnfonfhtcgrS rpGef@cGmawmhyg? wpfenf;tm;jzifh oifESvkH;oGif;xm;onfhtwkdif; tvkH;pkHwdk@udk oif.toufwmwGif
cHpm;oGm;rnfjzpfygonf? oifESvkH;oGif;xm;aomt&m rSefuefv#if oif.toufwm rSefuefygvdrfhrnf? rSm;,Gif;aom
t&mESvkH;oGif;xm;v#if oif.toufwmvnf; vrf;vGJoGm;ygvdrfhrnf?
rnfonfhenf;ESifhrqdk oif.b0vrf;a=umif;udk owfrSwfay;aomt&mrSm oifESvkH;oGif;xm;aomt&mjzpf
ygonf? xdk@a=umifh bk&m;ocifonf TuJhodk@ rdef@awmfrlcJhygonf? “ig.aq;0g;/ ig.E_wfuywfawmfESifh ig.w&m;
pum;wdk@onf uwdawmf&Sdonfhtwkdif; jzpfajrmufap&ef xdkta=umif;t&mwdk@onf oif.ESvkH;xJodk@0ifI ESvkH;twGif;Y
apmifhxdef;&ygrnf? oif.ESvkH;twGif;Yapmifhxm;avmh”[kqdk&mwGif ESvkH;tay:,HwGif r[kwfbJ/ ESvkH;.tv,fA[dkwGif
jzpfygonf? oif.touf&Sifjcif; A[dkae&mESifh cE<mudk,f. A[dkwGif apmifhxdef;&efjzpfygonf? oiftouf&Sif&aom
tvkH;pkHwdk@udk xdkta=umif;t&mwdk@rS tusdK;oufa&mufapygvdrfhrnf?
bk&m;ocif.E_wfuywfawmfonf u|EkfyftwGuf aq;0g;tjzpf oGefoifjcif;udk tqkH;owf&ef "rRopfusrf;wGif
qifwl¶dk;rSm;a&;om;csufbufodk@ vSnfhoGm;csifygonf? a[+AJ/ 4;12 onf bk&m;ocif.E_wfuywfawmf yuwdta=umif;
ESifh u|Ekfyfwdk@txJY xdkE_wfuywfawmf yuwdonf rnfuJhodk@ vkyfaqmifonfudk azmfjyygonf? xif&Sm;pGmazmfjy&ef
bmomjyefcsufESpfck.jcm;em;csufudk &nf!¸ef;ygrnf? yxrqkH; King James Version xJu
“bk&m;ocif. E_wfuywfawmfw&m;onf touf&Sifjcif;/ wefcdk;ESifhðyjyifjcif;/ oefvsufwumwdk@xuf xufjcif;
ESifh jynfhpkHonfjzpfI toufESifhpdwf0dnmOfudk‚if;/ t¶dk;tqpfESifhjcifqDudk‚if; ydkif;jcm;I xkwfcsif;cGif;wwf.?”(a[+AJ/
4;12/ KJV)?
The New American Standard wGifrlum; TuJhodk@bmomjyefqdkxm;ygonf?
“ta=umif;rlum;/ bk&m;ocif.E_wfuywfawmfonf touf&SifI v_yf&Sm;IESpfbufc|efxufaom"g;&Snfxuf
c|efxufum toufESifh0dnmOfudk‚if;/ t¶dk;qpfESifhjcifqDwdk@udk‚if;/ xufjcrf;ydkif;jcm;I ESvkH;.tawG;tac:ESifh t}uHtpnf
wdk@udk pD&ifqkH;jzwfEkdifaom tpGrf;owWd&Sdawmfrlonf?”(a[+AJ/ 4;12/ NAS)
Tusrf;csufudk pum;vkH;wpfvkH;wnf;jzifh aygif;pyfrnfqdkv#if u|Ekfyfa&G;cs,faompum;vkH;rSm ‘xdk;azguf’jzpf
ygonf? bk&m;ocif.E_wfuywfawmfonf xdk;azgufonf? trSefajym&rnfqdkv#if rnfonfht&murS rxdk;azgufEkdif
aomae&mudk bk&m;ocif.E_wfuywfawmfu xdk;azgufawmfrlonf? vlom;wdk@.tom;tr#ifwdk@udk nifompGmxdk;
azgufEkdifonfh cGJpdwfq&m0eftokH;ðyaomc|efxufonfh"g;udk u|Ekfyfwdk@pdwfxJwGif jrifa,mifwwf=uygonf? odk@aomf
bk&m;ocif.E_wfuywfawmfonf tjcm;e,fy,fudk xdk;azgufygonf? udk,fcE<m.twGif;usqkH;jzpfaom toufESifh
0dnmOfwdk@udk xufjcrf;cGJonf? u|Ekfyfwdk@ta=umif;udk u|Ekfyfwdk@udk,fwdkif em;rvnfaomtwGif;xJu tr_t&mrsm;udk
bk&m;ocif.E_wfuywfawmfrSaz:xkwfay;onf? t¶dk;qpfESifhjcifqDwdk@udkcGJjcm;onf? u|Ekfyfwdk@. 0dnmOfa&;e,fy,fudk
wdk@xdonf? udk,fcE<me,fy,fwdk@udk wdk@xdonf? bk&m;ocif.E_wfuywfawmfvufvSrf;rrSDaomt&m[lIr&Sdyg?
oifonf t¶dk;jcifqDa&m*g(odk@)t¶dk;qpfa&m*g&SdcJhaomf vlom;zefqif;aomaq;0g;(odk@) ud&d,mjzifh cGJpdwfuko
&ef rjzpfEkdifonfhwkdifatmif bk&m;ocif.E_wfuywfawmfonf wwfpGrf;Ekdifonf[k TorRmusrf;u tqkdðyaeygonf?
oifonf raz: jyEkdifaom udk,fpdwf0dnmOfokH;yg; jy\em&SdI pdwfa&m*gyg&*lrS tajzray;Ekdifonfhwkdifatmif bk&m;ocif
. E_wfuywfawmfonf tajzay;vdrfhrnf? bk&m;ocif.E_wfuywfawmfonf t&mcyfodrf;udk xdk;azgufEkdifpGrf;&Sdonf?
ta&;}uD;qkH;aomtcsufrSm u|Ekfyfwdk@tm; ,kH=unfvufcHapvdkonfh enf;vrf;twdkif; bk&m;ocif.E_wfuywf
awmfudk cH,l&efjzpfygonf? pdwftm¶kHryhsHvGifhbJ pdwfxm;ESdrfhcsI wynfhcHEkdifaom oif,lEkdifaomtðytrl&Sd&ygrnf?
u|Ekfyfwdk@. wpfzufowf/ wpf,loefjcif;/ óudwifawG;awmjcif;wdk@udk ypfy,fI =unfvif&Sif;vif;aomrsufpdtpkHjzifh
=unfh¶_&rnf? a0hvnfa=umifywfajymqdkjcif;ESifh tawG;tac:xlajym&ef rvdkyg? usrf;pmrSma&;xm;onfhtwkdif; qdkvdk
onf[k oabmxm;&rnf? qifjcifwkHw&m;ESifh pOf;vJjcif;twm;tqD;rsm;udk z,fxkwf&rnf? odk@rSom bk&m;ocif.
E_wfuywfawmfESifh w&m;pum;wdk@udk ESvkH;xJodk@oGif;I tvkyfvkyfapEkdif&rnf?
tydwfqkawmif;
aumif;uifbkHtzbk&m;-
0dnmOfESifhudk,fum,twGuf tvkd&SdI Tpmtkyfudk zwf¶_aomoltaygif;wdk@onf bk&m;ocif.E_wfuywf
awmf tm;jzifh olwdk@tvdk&Sdaomjy\emtajzudk &&SdapEkdifaoma=umifh aus;Zl;wifygonf? olwdk@txJwGif vdktyfaom
tr_t&mudk vkyfaqmifay;&ef TE_wfuywfawmfonf olwdk@twGif;xJodk@ xdk;azguf0ifa&mufygap[k qkawmif;ay;yg
onf? ,kH=unfjcif;udk zefwD;ay;yg? usef;rmjcif;/ qkaus;Zl;udkcsay;yg? u,fE_wfjcif;/ +idrfoufjcif;/ 0rfajrmufjcif;ESifh
nDnGwfjcif;csay;oem;awmfrlyg? Tt&mtm;vkH;udk a,¶_emrawmftm;jzifh awmif;av#mufygonf? tmrif?
qufvufazmfjyygrnf?
bk&m;ocif.toHawmf
,cifvrStquf rnf u J h o d k YMum;&rnf e nf ;
Graham Fitzpatrick
tcef;(17)
tvdkawmfESifhnDavsmfaomt}uHOm%frsm;
bk&m;ocif.toHudkrSwfrdEkdif&ef taxmuftulðyaomt&mwpfckonf bk&m;w&m;YarG@avsmfaomtoif;
acgif;aqmifrsm;.t}uHOm%frsm;udk&,ljcif;jzpfonf? wpfcgwpf&H tu|rf;r0ifom usrf;ydk'frsm;udk olwdk@ESifhtwl
aqG;aEG;a0r#jcif;tm;jzifh/ bk&m;ocif.toHudk rSwfrd&ef oifhtm; taxmuftulay;wwfonf? okwWH/ 23;12 xJY
TuJhodk@a&;xm;onf?
“qkH;r=o0g'Y pdwfESvkH;pGJvrf;I ynmtwwfpum;udkemcHyg?”
oifonf toif;awmfacgif;aqmif(odk@) omrefvljzpfapumrl// tjcm;acgif;aqmifrsm;.t}uHðycsufudk wpfcg
wpf&H&SmazG&ef/ udk,fhudkudk,fESdrfhcsjcif;&Sd&rnf? pmwef. enf;wpfenf;onf oifhtm; tjcm;toif;awmfacgif;aqmifrsm;
. t}uHOm%frsm;udk vufrcHcsifatmif aoG;aqmifjcif;jzpfonf?
trSefrSm 0dnmOf r&ifhusufr_wpfrsdK;jzpfaomfvnf; jyifyu=unfhaomtcg wu,fa,¶_ESifh 0dnmOfawmfudkom
tm;udk;ouJhodk@ jrif&atmif pmwefuoifhtm;vSnfhpm;aoG;aqmifwwfonf?
tchsdKaomvlawGu “a,¶_udk vkH;vkH;vsm;vsm;tm;udk;jcif;”[lonfrSm “a,¶_ESifhu|EkfyfESifhom/ wjcm;vl
ryg”[lI rSm;,Gif;pGm pOf;pm;wwf=uonf? xdkolwdk@onf toif;awmfxJY omrefvlrsm;ESifh tjcm;tr_aqmifrsm;udk
t}uHOm%fay;zdk@ oifjyzdk@ ESifh tm;ay;zdk@&ef/ bk&m;ocifu tr_awmfaqmifrsm;udk cef@xm;rSef;udk arhavsmhwwfonf?
{zuf/ 4;11-12 Y TuJhodk@ a&;xm;onf?
“c&pfawmf.udk,fawmfudkwnfaqmufI/ "rRq&m.tr_udkðywwfrnfta=umif;/ oef@&Sif;olwdk@udk jyifqifjcif;
tvdkiSg xdkocifonf vlwchsdKwdk@udk wrefawmft&mY‚if;/ tchsdKwdk@udk ya&mzuft&mY‚if;/ tchsdKwdk@udk omoemðyt&m
Y‚if;/ tchsdKwdk@udk oif;tkyft&m/ q&mt&mY‚if;/ cef@xm;awmfrl.?”
c&pf,mefwpfOD;onf ‘ESdrfhcsjcif;ESifh bk&m;ocifudkem;axmifjcif;/’toGifjzifh toif;awmftoD;oD;rS ol@udkol
cGmum/ olwpfOD;wnf;omc&pf,mefjzpfzdk@ &nfrSef;xm;v#if ol@twGuftE W&m,fjzpfEkdifonf? pmweftwGuf ay:vGif
aomypfrSwfjzpfvmEkdifonf? pmwefonf ‚if;vlrsdK;rsm;udkvSnfhjzm;um tppftrSefrSm olwdk@onfrme}uD;I ol@udkol
txif}uD;um/ oGefoifjcif;/ rcHcsifaomoljzpfaomfvnf; ol@udkol ESdrfhcsaompdwfESvkH;&Sdonf[lI ol@udkol ,kH=unfaom
pdwfudkxnfhoGif;wwfonf? bk&m;ocifu ighudkcdkif;onf[ktxifESifh usrf;pmESifhravsmfnDaomtðytrlrsm;udk ðyvkyf
wwf=uonf?
‚if;uJhodk@aomvlrsm;udk tultnDay;zdk@&ef tifrwefcJ,Of;onf? tb,fa=umifhenf;qdkaomf xdkvlwdk@onf
rdrdudk,frdrd bk&m;ocifudkESdrfhcspGmESifh udk;pm;Iem;axmifonf[lIxif=uonf? TuJhodk@jzpf&jcif;onf wpfbufpGef;
a&mufjcif;wpfrsdK;jzpfonf?
aemufwpfrsdK;rSmrl 0dnmOf&ifhusufr_r&Sdaoma=umifh wchsdKaomvlrsm;onf olwdk@twGuftr_aqmifay;rnfhol
ESifh olwdk@udkvrf;jyay;rnfhc&pf,mefrsm;tjzpf wpfcsdefvkH;&SmazGwwf=uonf? ‚if;vlwdk@onf toif;awmfacgif;aqmif
rsm;.tcsdefrsm;udk tifrwefukefaponf? olwdk@onf usrf;pmavhvmjcif;ESifh &if;ESD;pGmbk&m;ocifxHodk@ qkawmif;jcif;
tm;jzifh bk&m;ocif.tvdkawmfudk&SmazGzdk@udk tr_rxm;=uyg?
oifonf TtajctaewpfrsdK;rsdK;xJY aecJhygu/ bk&m;ocifuvrf;rSefudk az: jyrnf[lI ,kH=unfIudk;pm;yg?
TuJhodk@ wpfbufpGef;usaomtajctaersdK;Y oif&Sdzdk@&ef bk&m;ociftvdkawmfr&Sdyg?
ta,mufwk dif ;onf( tr_ awmfaqmif rsm;tygt0if )ES drf hcspGm ESifh tjcm;toif;awmf acgif; aqmif rsm;xH rS
t}uHOm%fESifhtr_aqmifjcif;udk cH,l&efvdktyfygonf? odk@aomfvnf; ‚if;t}uHOm%frsm;udk rrSm;,Gif;Ekdif[lI r,lq
oifhyg?
vlom;tm;vkH;wdk@onf rSm;,Gif;wwfonf? xdk@a=umifh azmfjyjcif;rsm;jzpfap/ ya&mzufðyaomt&mrsm;jzpfap/
acgif;aqmifrsm;.oGefoifcsufrsm;jzpfap ppfaq;prf;oyf&ayrnf? (1ouf/ 5;21)
t}uHOm%fawmif;&rnfhyk*~dKvfrsm;udkvnf; aocsmpGma&G;,l&ayrnf? yxr/ ol@udk 'kwd,arG;zGm;jcif;cH+yD;om;
jzpfrjzpfaocsm&rnf? rjzpfygu rSm;,Gif;aomt}uHOm%frsm;ay;wwfonf? ol@toufwmY 0dnmOfawmf.toD;rsm;
jzpfaom/ onf;cHjcif;/ aus;Zl;ðywwfjcif;/ wpfudk,faumif;rqefjcif;/ ESdrfhcsjcif;ESifh +idrfoufjcif;rsm;ay:vGifaomoludk
a&G;cs,f&ygrnf? (*vmwd/ 5;22)? bk&m;ocifESifh 0dnmOfawmfudk ,kH=unfudk;pm;aomvludk&Sm&ayrnf? usrf;pm.
oGefoifjcif;udkydkIydkIemcHcsifaomoludk &Sm&rnf? rdrdudkrdrdcsD;ajr‡mufI/ rdrdudkrdrd A[dktm¶kHðyaomol/ rme}uD;aomol
rdrdudkrdrd udk;pm;aomoludka&Smif&Sm;&ygrnf?
toif;awmfacgifaqmifrsm;onf olwdk@.vkyfoufumvESifh 0dnmOf&ifhusufr_onf wjcm;pDjzpfwwfa=umif;
udkvnf; owdðy&rnf? tchsdKaomtoif;awmfacgif;aqmifrsm;onf usrf;pmw&m;udkESpfaygif; 40/ 50/ oif=um;aomfvnf;
bk&m;ocif.ta=umif;udk aphaphpyfpyf rodao;yg?
0dnmOfydkif;qdkif&macgif;aqmifrsm;. t}uHOm%fudkawmif;cHyg? qkawmif;jcif;ESifhESdrfhcsjcif;tm;jzifh olwdk@.
ay;xm;aomt}uHOm%frsm;udkpOf;pm;Ippfaq;yg?
tcef;(18)
rSwfxm;&rnfhtydktcsufrsm;
ta=umif;t&may;xm;csufr&Sd?
rSwfxm;&rnfhtcsufwpfcsufrSm twGif;oufaotm;jzifhjzpfap/ twGif;toHtm;jzifhjzpfap/ tdrfruftm;jzifh
jzpfap/ tjcm;aomobm0rusaomenf;rsm;tm;jzifhjzpfap/ wpfckckudkvkyfzdk@&ef vrf;jyaomtcg bk&m;ocifonf
‚if;tvkyfudk tb,fa=umifhvkyfapvdka=umif;udkvnf; wpfòydifwnf;az: jyavh&Sdonf? odk@aomfvnf; ‚if;uJhodk@ raz: jy
aomtcsdefvnf;&Sdayonf?
r=umao;cifY TuJhodk@aom tajctaeudku|efawmfóuHcJhao;onf? c&pf,mefyk*~dKvfwpfOD;u txufwef;
ausmif;wpfausmif;Y ausmif;q&mtvkyfudk u|efawmftm;vmay;onf? ‚if;tvkyfonf vuf&Sdtvkyfxufvpmydk
rsm;onf? usrf;pmoif=um;zdk@vdkcsifaom ausmif;wpfckvnf;jzpfonf? tjcm;aumif;aom c&pf,mefrsm;ESifhvnf;
twlwltvkyfvkyfae&vdrfhrnfjzpfygonf? Tausmif;.aumif;aomtcsufrsm;vnf;&Sdygao;onf? em&Daygif;rsm;pGm
pOf;pm;aomtcg u|efawmf.qifjcifwwfaomOm%fESifhydkif;jcm;I em;vnfwwfaomOm%fu ‚if;tvkyfudk,lzdk@ ajymvm
ayonf? odk@aomfvnf; ESpfem&DokH;em&Dcef@ bk&m;ocifESifhpum;ajymI ol@toHudkem;axmifaomtcg atmufygtwkdif;
jzpfvmavonf? ‚if;ausmif;.pmoifcef;rsm;Y pmjyonf[k udk,fhudkudk,fpOf;pm;jrifa,mufrdaomtcgwdkif;/ u|efawmfh
0dnmOfxJY +idrfoufjcif;uif;rJhaom racsmifrvnfcHpm;csufwpfcka&mufvmavh&Sdonf?
‚if;ausmif;Y tvkyfrvkyfygbl;[k udk,fhudkudk,fjrifa,mifrdaomtcg/ u|efawmfh0dnmOfxJY}uD;rm;aom +idrfouf
jcif;ESifh 0rf;ajrmufjcif;rsm;a&muf&Sdvmonf? ‚if;uJhodk@ jzpf&jcif;onf u|efawmfhpOf;pm;Om%f.xdktvkyfudk aumif;yg
onf[k,lqonfh=um;xJuyifjzpfayonf?
u|efawmfonf 0dnmOfawmf.twGif;oufaocHjcif;udkvdkufemonf? bk&m;ocifurl b,fta=umif;a=umifh
‚if;tvkyfudkrvkyfapcsifrSef;raz: jycJhyg? bk&m;ocifu u|efawmfhudktusdK;ta=umif;awG rodayr,fh/ ol@pum;oHudk
vdkufem&efavhusifhapvdkygonf?
‚if;uJhodk@ tusdK;ta=umif;awGudk raz: jybJ ol@pum;oHawGudk vdkufemapaomta=umif;t&if;rSm u|efawmf
. pdwftm; ol@udkol rudkpm;&atmif oifcef;pmay;jcif;jzpfonf? bk&m;ocifonf oifhpdwfudkydkIydkItkyfpdk;csifI txJY
udk,fawmfwdkifjynfh0pGmaexdkifcsifonf?
oifonf tusdK;ta=umif; em;rvnfaomfvnf; 0dnmOfawmf.cdkif;onfhtwdkif;vkyfcsifaomqEN&Sdjcif;tm;jzifh
oifhpdwfonf rdrdudkrdrdudk;pm;&jcif; udk&yfwef@&ayrnf? ‚if;rSomv#if oifhpdwfonf a,¶_0dnmOfudkydkrdkudk;pm;I ol.
tkyfpdk;jcif;udkydkIcH,lEdkifayvdrfhrnf? ‚if;uJhodk@ jzpfvmaomtcg oifhpdwfonf *vmwd 5;16/ 5;25 ESifh a&mr 8;5-8
wdk@Yygaom bk&m;ocif.trdef@awmfrsm;udk vdkufemEkdifayvdrfhrnf? (tao;pdwfodvdkaomf " Keys to growing in
holiness and dedication to God" pmtkyfwGifaz: jyxm;ygonf?)
‚if;c&pf,mefausmif;. ausmif;tkyfq&m}uD;tm; xdktvkyfvkyfzdk@udk bk&m;ocif.tvdkawmfr&Sda=umif;udk
ajymjy+yD;/ (5)ywfavmuf=umaomtcg bk&m;ocifonf u|efawmfhtm; b,fta=umif;a=umifh ‚if;tvkyfudkrvkyfapcsif
a=umif;ajymjyavonf? Tonf u|efawmfhtwGuf ta&;}uD;aomoifcef;pmwpf&yfjzpfayonf?
a,m&_ESifhtmjA[Hwdk@udk owd&yg
,kH=unfolrsm;udk bk&m;ocifu tusdK;ta=umif; raz: jycJhbJ t&mwpfckckudkvkyf&ef bk&m;ocif.vrf;jyjcif;
ESifh ywfoufaomOyrmrsm;udk apmapmydkif;YjycJh+yD;aom/ a,m¶_ESifhol@ppfwyfrsm;tm; obm0usonfhta=umif;&if;
r&SdbJ/ ckESpf&uftwGuf; aqmif&Guf&eftvkyfwpfckudkvkyfcdkif;avonf? Tusrf;ydk'frsm;udkavhvmyg?
a,m¶_ESifhol@ppfwyfrsm;tm; TuJhodk@ vkyfcdkif;jcif;onf olwdk@.ZmwdOm%frsm;udk rudk;pm;&atmif bk&m;ocif
.wdkufwGef;tm;ay;jcif;jzpfayonf? rdrdudkrdrd tm;udk;&mYtaojzpf&ef bk&m;ociftvdkawmf&Sdonf? (2aum/ 4;10
ESifh 12;9-10)? tb,fta=umif;a=umifh bk&m;ocifucdkif;onf[lI tusdK;ta=umif;udk em;rvnf&aom0dnmOfawmf
vrf;jyr_udk vdkufemjcif;tm;jzifh/ bk&m;ocif.ydkrdktkyfpdk;aompdwfESvkH;rsm;&Sdzdk@&ef bk&m;ociftvdkawmf&Sdonf? (*vmwd/
5;16/ a&mr/ 8;5-8)
tmjA[Hvnf;/ TuJhodk@aom tajctaeudk óuHawG@cJhzl;onf? bk&m;ocifu olwdk@vifr,m;ESpfa,muf.
uav;&Ekdifaomt&G,frSm uav;ray;jcif;udkvnf; em;rvnfEkdif? t&G,fvGefusL;+yD;rS om;wpfOD;udkay;&jcif;udkvnf;
em;rvnfEkdifyg? xdkaemuf ‚if;om;ESifh ol@udkylaZmf&rnf[lIckdif;&jcif;udkvnf; olem;rvnfEkdifyg?
Tt&mrsm;Y tmjA[Honf tb,fa=umifh Tt&mrsm;onf TuJhodk@jzpfvmonf[lIem;vnf&aomtcGifh
udk bk&m;ocifxHrS r&&SdcJhyg? okwWH/ 3;5 xJYajymonfhtwdkif; tmjA[Honf bk&m;udk tm;udk;I ol@todOm%f/ ol@
qifjcifr_rsm;ESifh ol@ydkif;jcm;wwfaomOm%frsm;udk rudk;pm;cJhyg?
TuJhodk@aomtajctaeY oifrnfuJhodk@vkyfrnfenf;?
aumif;uifwrefrsm;/ &lyg&kHrsm;/ tdrfrufrsm;ESifh =um;EkdifaomtoHrsm;/
bk&m;ocif.,kH=unfolrsm;udkvrf;jyonfhenf;rsm;udk wrefawmf0wWKESifhwpfjcm;usrf;ydk'frsm;YawG@Edkifayonf?
wpfcgwpf&H tchsdKwdk@onf ¶lyg¶kHtm;jzifhjzpfap/ tdrfruftm;jzifhjzpfap/ =um;EkdifaomtoHtm;jzifhjzpfap/ vrf;jyjcif;udk
&&SdcJh=uonf? tchsdKwdk@onf aumif;uifwrefrsm;ay:vGifIpum;ajymjcif;udk óuHawG@&ayonf? odk@aomf ‚if;jzpf&yfrsm;udk
ae@pOfae@wdkif;jzpf&onfr[kwf? tchsdKvlwdk@Y ‚if;jzpf&yfrsm;udk olwdk@.toufwmY wpfcgESpfcgr#omjzpfwwfayonf?
xdk@a=umifh ‚if;enf;rsm;onf bk&m;ocif.t"duokH;aompum;ajymenf;rsm;r[kwfay?
usrf;pmudkavhvmaomtcg usrf;pmacwfvlrsm;onf ¶lyg¶kHrsm;jzpfap/ tdrfrufrsm;jzpfap/ =um;EkdifaomtoH
rsm;jzpfap/ aumif;uifwrefrsm;qif;oufzdk@jzpfap/ vdkufvH&SmazGjcif;r&Sda=umif;awG@&ygvdrfhrnf? odk@aomfvnf; ‚if;t&m
rsm;udk óuHawG@aomtcg ra&Smifr&Sm;=ujcif;udkvnf; awG@&ygvdrfhrnf? (r\J/ 2;12/ 2;13-14/ 2;19-21/ vkum
1;11-12/ 1;26-38/ 2;9-20/ wrefawmf 1;10-11/ 9;3-7/ 10;9-48/ 16;9-12 tp&Sdonfrsm;?)
odk@aomf Tt&mrsm;ESifhywfoufI tifrwefowdxm;&ef vdktyfayonf? tb,fa=umifhenf;qdkaomf ewfqdk;
rsm;onf aumif;uifwref/ a,mifaqmifwwfonf? 2aum 11;14 udk zwfyg? “pmwefyifv#if vif;aomaumif;uif
wref jzpfa,mifaqmifwwf.?”
oifonf r=umao;aom&ufrsm;Y oifpOf;pm;aomt&mrsm;udk tdyfrufxJYrufjcif;udkvnf; owdxm;&rnf?
tdyf,mr0ifcif tpmudkvGefusL;pGmpm;rdaomf tdyfrufqdk;rsm;vnf; rufayonf?
ewfqdk;rsm;onf bk&m;ociftjzpf a,mifaqmifum =um;EkdifaomtoHjzifh pum;ajymwwfa=umif;udkvnf;
owdxm;oifhonf?
¶lyg¶kHtm;vkH;vnf; bk&m;xHur[kwfay? vlonf wu,fhwu,frjrif&ufESifhyif/ bk&m;ocifxHu ¶lyg¶kHjrif&
onf[kajymwwfonf? (aumavm 2;18)/ tchsdKaom rrSefruefonfh¶lyg¶kHrsm;onf pmwef.edrdwfvuQ%mrsm;jzpfwwf
onf? (r\J/ 24;24/ Asm'dwf 16;14)? wchsdKrlum; vl.xifjrifaomt&m(odk@) rjrifvsufyif jrifonf[k vdrfvnfr_rsm;
jzpfwwfonf? (w&m;a[m&musrf;/ 18;21-22/ a,&rd/ 14;14/ 23;16)?
¶lyg¶kHudk ay;&ef/ aumif;uifwrefudk apv$wf&ef‚if;/ udk,fhem;jzifh =um;&aomtoHjzifh pum;ajym&ef‚if;/
bk&m;ocifudktwif;t"rR rwdkufwGef;avESifh? ‚if;uJhodk@ðyvkyfygu pmwefonf oifhvkyfykHudkodaomtcg bk&m;ocif.
toHudktwkcdk;jcif;tm;jzifhjzpfap/ aumif;uifwreftjzpf a,mifaqmifjcif;tm;jzifhjzpfap/ oifhudkvSnfhjzm;vmvdrfhrnf?
odk@aomfvnf; oifh.cHpm;&aomtawG@tóuHonf bk&m;ocifxHrSvmonf[kxifygu usrf;pm.oGefoifcsufESifh
udkufnDrnDudkprf;oyfyg? (1ouf/ 5;21)?
bk&m;ocifonf wpfvSrf;+yD;wpfvSrf;vrf;jyonf?
bk&m;ocifonf u|Ekfyfwdk@udkvrf;jyaomtcg/ wpfvSrf;+yD;wpfvSrf; vrf;jyonf? 0dnmOfawmftm;jzifh u|Ekfyfwdk@
vdkufem&ef vrf;jyxm;aom yxrwpfvSrf;udk u|Ekfyfwdk@vdkufemaomtcg/ aemufwpfvSrf;udkjyay;onf? tem*wfY
jzpfvm&rnfhta=umif; tm;vkH;udkvnf; óudwifzGifhrajymjyyg? ‚if;uJhodk@ðyjcif;onf 0dnmOfawmf.vrf;jyr_udk rcH,lbJ/
vGwfvyfpGmtouf&SifEkdifygonf[lI rdrdudkrdrd/ ratmufarh&atmif vkyfaqmifjcif;jzpfonf? Tt&mu u|Ekfyfwdk@tm;
0dnmOfawmf.vrf;jyr_udkydkI ae@pOfae@wdkif; udk;pm;&rnfhta=umif;udk wkdufwGef;xm;ayonf?
wrefawmf 16;6-10 xJY/ &Sifaygvkta=umif;udk OyrmwpfcktjzpfawG@&SdEkdifayonf? Tae&mY &SifaygvkESifh
oDvwdk@udk 0dnmOfawmfu yxrOD;qkH;tm&Swdkif;jynfodk@ roGm;&efajymavonf? olwdk@onf Adokefjynfodk@oGm;&ef óud;pm;
avonf? odk@aomf ‚if;onf bk&m;ocif.tvdkawmfr&Sda=umif;/ 0dnmOfawmfuaz: jyavonf? (tcef;i,f/ 7-8)?
+yD;aemuf &Sifaygvktm; rmaua'gedòrd@odk@oGm;&ef 0dnmOfawmfu ol@tdyfrufxJYaz: jyavonf? &SifaygvkESifhodvwdk@onf
wpfvSrf;csif;vdkufemavonf? ta&;}uD;aomtcsufrSm &Sifaygvkonf rmaua'gedòrd@odk@oGm;I ewfqdk;udkESifxkwf+yD;aom
tcg/ axmifcsjcif;cH&rnfhta=umif;/ bk&m;ocifuivsifv_yfapjcif;tm;jzifh/ axmifxJuvGwfap&rnfhta=umif;/
axmifrª;ESifhol@rdom;pk a,¶_c&pfxJYajymif;vJ&rnfhta=umif;awGudk rod&Sday? bk&m;ocifonf wpfvSrf;+yD; wpfvSrf;
vrf;jycJhonf?
bk&m;ocif.wpfvSrf;+yD;wpfvSrf; vrf;jyjcif;.ta=umif;rsm;rSm atmufygtwkdif;jzpfao;onf?
yxrtcsufrSm - u|Ekfyfwdk@onf u|Ekfyfwdk@.tem*wfta=umif;tm;vkH;udk óudwifodxm;cJhaomf/ cHpm;&rnfhaumif;
aomt&mrsm;a=umifh/ rmeaxmifv$m;umaeygvdrfhrnf?
'kwd,tcsufrSm - u|Ekfyfonf tem*wfta=umif;tm;vkH;udk óudwifodxm;cJhaomf/ cHpm;&rnfh'kuQa0'emrsm;a=umifh
pdwfxdwfvef@r_jzpfvmjyefrnf?
bk&m;ocifudk vkH;vkH;udk;pm;yg?
bk&m;ocifxHu vrf;jyjcif;&&Sdonf[lonfrSm u|efawmf.òrd@Y óuHawG@cJhaom tawG@tóuHrsdK;uJhodk@ jzpfayonf?
u|efawmfonf a&ul;ae&if;v_dif;}uD;wpfckxJa&mufrdum/ yifv,fbufodk@ wajz;ajz;a&mufoGm;onf? urf;ajcodk@
jyeful;zdk@vnf; u|efawmfonfa&rul;wwfyg? TuJhodk@ yifv,fbufodk@ wajz;ajz;a&mufoGm;aomtcg u|efawmf
qkawmif;onf? “bk&m;ocif - udk,fawmf.vufxJY u|efawmfhudku|efawmfvkH;vkH;tyfESHygonf? TtajctaeY
udk,fawmf.cdkif;or#wdk@udkaqmif&Guf&ef u|efawmfhrSmqEN&Sdygonf? “oifonf TuJhodk@qufuyftyfESH&aomtaetxm;
Y &Sdaeygovm;? u|efawmfvnf; wpfcgwpf&H‚if;taetxm;xJuav#muswwfygonf? odk@aomf ‚if;taetxm;odk@
jyefa&mufvmEkdif&ef t+rJ&nf&G,fxm;onf?
urf;ajcESifhtvSrf;a0;aomtcg u|efawmfu bk&m;ocifudkajymygonf? “bk&m;ocif - u|efawmfraoEkdifao;
ygbl;? bma=umifhvnf;qdkaomf u|efawmfraocifvkyfaqmif&rnfhvkyfief;onf trsm;}uD;&Sdao;onf[k udk,fawmf
0dnmOfu u|Ekfyftm;ajymjybl;ygonf? “‚if;jzpf&yfrwkdifcif/ bk&m;ocifonf u|Ekfyf.toufwmYjznfhpGufp&mawG
trsm;}uD;&Sdao;a=umif;udkajymjybl;onf? xdk@a=umifh u|Ekfyfwdk@onf ,kH=unfjcif;avhusifhzdk@&ef t&if;cHjzpfaombk&m;
ocif.uwdawmftrsm;}uD;&Sdaeonf? rSwfxm;yg? oifonfqkawmif;aomtcg oif&yfwnf&ef bk&m;ocif.E_wfuywf
awmfrsm;&&Sdxm;cJhrSomv#if/ oif.,kH=unfjcif;udkavhusifhEkdifayrnf?(a&mr/ 10;17)
u|efawmfonf a=umufp&mta=umif;jrifaomfvnf;/ a=umufvef@jcif;udkjiif;qefonf? a=umufvef@jcif;[lonf
bk&m;ocifudk,kH=unfjcif;ESifh udk;pm;jcif;.qef@usifbufjzpfonf? (r\J/ 8;26/ rmuk 4;40/ vkum 8;50/ r\J 14;30-
31)? xdktcg bk&m;ocifu v_dif;pD;avSESifhvli,frdwfaqGwpfa,mufudkydk@ay;I u|efawmfu,fvdkufonf?
bk&m;ocif.tvdkawmfudkydkIvdkufemEkdif&ef/ u|Ekfyfwdk@tm; bk&m;ocifu aocgeD;tajctaetxdydk@aqmifjcif;
&Hzef&Hcgvdkwwfonf? ‚if;uJhodk@ qufuyftyfESHrSomv#if bk&m;ocif.wefcdk;ESifh0dnmOfawmfudk u|Ekfyfwdk@.udk,f/ pdwf
ESifh toufwmYxif&Sm;pGmay:vGifEkdifonf?
Graham Fiszpatrick . “bk & m;ocif . toH u d k rnf u J h o d k @ od & S d E k d i f r nf e nf ; ”TwG i f + yD ; yg+yD ?
Tpmtk y fu dk a z: jy&ef t wG u f t}uH Om%fE Si fh p mtky f u d ka y;aom q&merf; usifa 0( Sayamah Neam Thian
Huai )ud k t xl ; ausl ; Zl ; wif a =umif ; rS w f w rf ; wif t yf y gonf ?
(Zmwdaojcif;/ rmeESihfESdrfhcsr_rsm;ESifhywfoufI tao;pdwfzwfvdkv#if “Keys to growing in Holiness and
dedication to God”udkqufvufzwf¶_Ekdifyga=umif;/ pma&;ol Graham Fiszpatrick u azmfjyxm;ygonf?)
usefwJhtjcm;udk;a,mufb,frSmvJ
aomif;Edk;
aus;Zl;awmfcsD;rGrf;jcif;qdkwm ,kH=unfolc&pf,mefrsm;&JhtoufwmrSmtvGefta&;}uD;wJhtpdwftydkif;wpfck
(odk@)rjzpfraeðyvkyfoifhwJht&mjzpfygw,f? vGefcJhwJhESpf 1600 ywf0ef;usifcef@u arzvm;0g;oabFmeJ@Oa&mywdkufEkdifiH
wpfckuae tar&duefudka&muf&SdvmwJhtkyfpk[m bk&m;&Sif&Jhapmifha&Smufr_/ vrf;jyydk@aqmifr_/ cufcJ=urf;wrf;+yD;/ bmqdk
bmrSr&Sdao;wJhe,fajropfrSm qufvuf+yD;touf&SifaexdkifcGifh&&Sdr_wdk@a=umifh/ tar&dum;wdkufudk ajccs+yD;/ (2)ESpft=um
rSm bk&m;&SifxHrSmaus;Zl;awmfcsD;rGrf;(Thanks giving)cJh=umwm tm;vkH;od=uygw,f? tJ'D aus;Zl;awmfcsD;rGrf;jcif;/
(Thanks giving)udk tpGJðy+yD;/ ,ae@xdwdkifatmif tar&dum;rSm ESpfpOfESpfwdkif; Edk0ifbmvwwd,tywfrSm Thanks
giving ae@udk rdrdwdk@rdom;pktoD;oD;eJ@qifE$J=uw,fqdkwmudkvnf;/ tm;vkH;od&Sd=uygw,f? 'gayr,fh tJ'D(2)ESpfrwdkifcif
b,fvdk'kuQawG &ifqdkifcJh=u&+yD;/ tzGJ@om;b,fESpfa,muf&JhtoufqkH;¶_H;cJh&w,fqdkwmudkawmh vlawmfawmfrsm;rsm;
rod=uygbl;?
ordkif;udk jyefavhvm=unfhr,fqdk&if 1610 ywf0ef;usifcef@rSm yxrqkH;(Thanks giving)udkAm*sD;eD;,m;jynfe,f
jynfe,ftwGif;wpfae&mrSm Oa&myua&mufvmwJhvljzLta,muf(60)cef@eJ@ a'ocHtif'D;,mef;wpfchsdKpkaygif;+yD;/ ðyvkyf
cJh=uw,fqdkwmudkawG@&Sd&ygw,f? enf;enf;xyf+yD;avhvm=unfhr,fqdk&if tJ'DvljzLta,muf(60)[m Oa&mywkdufuae
pwif&GufvGifhcJhpOfu (409)a,muf&Sdygw,f? ESpftenf;i,fcef@twGif;rSmyJ olwdk@cspfwJhnDtpfudk/ rdbawGudk qkH;¶_H;cJh=u
&ygw,f? cspf&olrsm;cGJcGmoGm;csdefrSm aus;Zl;awmfcsD;rGrf;zdk@qdkwm odyfawmhvG,fulrSmr[kwfygbl;? 'gayr,fh jzwfoef;
cJh&wJh0rf;enf;a=uuGJbG,f&mae@&ufrsm;udk arhazsmuf+yD;/ aus;Zl;awmfcsD;rGrf;jcif;udk ðyvkyfcJh=uygw,f? bk&m;&Sif&Jhydk@aqmif
r_udk jyefvnfa&wGuf=ujcif;jzpfygw,f?
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aumif;csD;awGudkjyefvnfa&wGufzdk@ wpfcgwpf&Harhavsmhaewwf+yD;/ óuHawG@&wJhcufcJ=urf;wrf;r_awGudkyJ a&wGufrdrSef;
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bk&m;&Sifu t+rJwrf;xdktcuftcJrsm;udk &ifqdkifausmfv$m;Ekdif&aomtcGifhudkay;ygw,f? óuHawG@&aomtcuftcJtwm;
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tpm;xJrSmygovJ qef;ppf=unfhyg? ppfrSefaom c&pf,meftoufwmrSm ae@pOfae@wdkif; t&m&mudkaus;Zl;awmfcsD;rGrf;
zdk@jzpfygw,f?
ElempGJol(10)a,muf
&Sifvkum 17;11-19 rSm az: jywJh ElempGJol(10)a,mufta=umif;udkavhvm=unfh=uygpdk@? tJ'DrSm ElempGJol
(10)a,mufudk ocifa,¶_u a&m*gaysmufuif;apygw,f? tm;vkH;a&m*gaysmufoGm;=uayr,fh wpfa,mufaomol
omv#if ocifa,¶_qDjyefvSnfhvm+yD;/ aus;Zl;wifwJhta=umif;az: jyygw,f? usrf;pmtkyfxJrSm usefwJh(9)a,mufu
bmawGvkyf+yD;/ bmjzpfvdk@ aus;Zl;wifpum;ajymzdk@ vSnfhrvmovJqdkwmudk az: jyrxm;ygbl;? 'gayr,fh Charles Brown
qdkolu/ tJ'D(9)a,muf aus;Zl;wifpum;ajymzdk@ jyefvSnfhrvm&wJhta=umif;udk atmufygtwkdif;az: jyygw,f?
twdtusawmhrSefcsifrSrSefrSmjzpfayr,fh/ omrefvlom;wdk@&JhawG;awmykHoabmw&m;udk xif[yfay:vGifapygw,f?
- wpfa,mufu wu,f[kwfr[kwf c% =unfhOD;r,f?
- wpfa,mufu c%yJvm; qufwdkufaysmufrSmvm;/ =unfhOD;r,f?
- wpfa,mufu ocifa,¶_udk aemufrS oGm;awG@r,f?
- wpfa,mufu igb,fwkef;urS tEla&m*gonfrjzpfzl;bl;?
- wpfa,mufu b,fvdkyJjzpfcJhjzpfcJh igtckrElbl;?
- wpfa,mufu a&m*gaysmufraysmufppfay;r,fhq&m (,Zfyka&m[dwf)udk aus;Zl;wifpum;ajymr,f?
- wpfa,mufu ‘wu,fawmh a,¶_bmrS r,fr,f&& vkyfray;ygbl;’
- wpfa,mufu tjcm;b,fw&m;a[mq&mwpfa,mufeJ@rqdk a&m*gaysmufrSmyg?
- wpfa,mufu igtckoufomoGm;+yD?
aemufqkH;wpfa,mufuawmh ocifa,¶_xHjyefvSnfhvm+yD;/ aus;Zl;wifw,fvdk@ajymygw,f? txufu
(9)a,mufta=umif;r[kwfbJ/ tJ'DaemufqkH;wpfa,mufta=umif; enf;enf;xyfavhvm=unfh=u&atmif?
Elema&m*gonfrsm;ta=umif;
u|efawmfwdk@tm;vkH; orRmusrf;pmtkyfxJu Elema&m*gonfrsm;ta=umif;/ t=urf;zsOf;od&Sdem;vnf=uygw,f?
tJ'Dacwftcgu Elema&m*g[m tifrwefrS a=umufzdk@aumif;+yD;/ ElempGJolwpfa,muf[m vlawmolawmxJ 0ifcGifh
r&wJhtjyif/ òrd@xJawmif 0ifcGifhr&Sd òrd@jyifrSmaexdkif=u&ygw,f? arma&S&JhusifhxkH;Oya'rSm ElempGJoludk roef@&Sif;oltjzpf
owfrSwfxm;ygw,f? awmvnf&musrf;(5;2-3)rSm olwdk@[m rdom;pkwdk@eJ@twlwl raexdkif&bJ òrd@jyifrSmae&ygw,f?
*sL;vlrsdK;wdk@&Jht,ltqrSm ElempGJol[m bk&m;&Jhòidjiifr_udkcH&oljzpfw,f/ jypf'%foifhjcif;jzpfw,f? 'ga=umifh ElempGJol
wpfa,muf[m t&mtm;vkH;(rdom;pk/ tvkyftudkif/ a&$aiGydkifqdkifr_)udk pGef@v$wf&ygw,f? vkum/ 17;12 rSm ‘Elem
pGJaomolwpfusdyfwdk@onf c&D;OD;óudðyI ta0;u&yfvsuf’vdk@az: jyxm;wmudk owdðyrd=urSmyg? tJ'Dacwfu ElempGJol
wpfa,muf[m vlawGeJ@teD;qkH;ajcvSrf;tvSrf;(100)tuGmrSmae&ygw,f? ocifa,¶_&JhteD;udk oGm;uyf+yD;/ usef;rm
jcif;tcGifhawmif;cGifhr&&Sdygbl;?
ElempGJolESifhtjypfom;
ElempGJolwpfa,mufta=umif;udk tao;pdwf&Sif;jy&jcif;ta=umif;uawmh ElempGJjcif;[m tjypfw&m;udk
o¾mefaqmif+yD;/ pmwefrm&fewf[m vlom;tm;vkH;udk tjypfw&m;vdk@ac:wJhElempGJjcif;eJ@ o¾mefwlwJhb0udk a&mufzdk@
odrf;oGif;pnf;¶kH;csifwJhta=umif;udk oabmaygufapcsifvdk@jzpfygw,f? Eaton's Bible Dictionary xJrSm Elema&m*gudk
‘vlwdk@.0dnmOfa&;t& ysufpD;,dk,Gif;jcif;udk jrifomapaom udk,fcE<m.jyifyjzpfysufr_’[k teuft"dy`g,fzGifhzdk@xm;
ygw,f?
tem}uD;a&m*gpGJoltm;vkH; tjypf&Sdolrsm;jzpfw,fvdk@ wkduf¶dkufqdkvdkjcif;r[kwfygbl;? tem}uD;a&m*gpGJuyfol
rsm;&Jh xdkacwfxdktcgu b0ESifhtjypf&Sdol u|efawmfu|efrwdk@. b0wlonfhtcsufrsm;&Sdonf[k axmufjyvdkjcif;jzpf
ygw,f? tjypfom;rsm;[m ElempGJwJholawGvdkyJ bk&m;ocifEkdifiHawmf&Jhypfy,fjcif;cH&rSmjzpfygw,f? ElempGJuyfaeolrsm;
vdkyJ tjypfom;rsm;[m &Sdor#t&mtm;vkH;udk qkH;¶_H;pGef@v$wf&rSmjzpfygw,f? ElempGJolrsm;vdkyJ tjypf&Sdolrsm;[m rdrd&Jh
tjypfa=umifhysufpD;jcif;udka&muf&rSmjzpfw,f?
u,folrJh tjypfom;rsm;
txufrSmaz: jycJhonfhtwkdif; ElempGJolrsm;u ocifa,¶_udk usef;rmjcif;tcGifhay;zdk@ ta0;rSatmf[pftultnD
awmif;ygw,f? ElempGJol[m b,fvlaumif;tem;udkr# oGm;cGifhr&Sdygbl;? qdkvdkcsifwmuawmh b,form;awmf tem;udk
vnf; uyfcGifhr&Sdygbl;? wpfenf;ajym&r,fqdk&ifawmh ElempGJ+yDqdk&if u,folrJhb0udk a&muf&wmeJ@twlwljzpfygw,f?
&&SdpGJuyfwJha&m*geJ@ woufvkH; ty,fcHb0rSm 'kuQqif;&JcH+yD;ae¶kHyJ&Sdygawmhw,f? xdkenf;‚if;yJ tjypf&SdwJh u|efawmfwdk@&Jh
b0[mvnf; u,folrJhwJhtajctaejzpfygw,f? u,folrJhjzpfaewJh tjypfom;vlom;wdk@&Jhtjzpfudk u,fEkdifr,fhol/
u,fEkdifrJholjzpfaewJh tjypfom;vlom;wdk@&Jhtjzpfudk u,fEkdifr,fhol/ u,fEkdifr,fhol ocifa,¶_uvGJ&if avmurSm
wpfpkHwpfa,mufrSr&Sdygbl;?
a&mr 5;6 rSm ‘igwdk@onf tusdK;enf;&SdpOfwGifyif c&pfawmfonf rw&m;aomolwdk@twGufa=umifh/ taocH
awmfrl.?’vdk@ qdkxm;ygw,f? ‘tusdK;enf;&SdpOfwGif’qdkwJh tokH;tE_ef;udk t*Fvdyfusrf;pmtkyfxJrSm “When we were
still powerless”vdk@ okH;xm;ygw,f? qdkvdkcsifwmu u|efawmfwdk@bmrS rwwfEkdifwJhtcsdef(odk@)wpfenf;tm;jzifh u,fol
rJhjzpfaewJhtcsdefudk qdkvdkjcif;jzpfygw,f? tJ'DtcsdefrSm ocifa,¶_[m igwdk@twGuftaocHawmfrljcif;jzpfygw,f?
tjypfom; u|efawmfwdk@[m xdktElpGJaeolawGvdkyJ bmrSrwwfEkdif(powerless)jzpfaeygw,f? u|efawmfwdk@wwfEkdifwJh
wpfckwnf;aomt&muawmh ocifa,¶_bk&m;&Jhoem;jcif;u¶k%mudk awmif;cHjcif;yJjzpfygw,f?
,kH=unfjcif;tm;jzifh u,fwifjcif;odk@
tydk'fi,f 14 rSm ‘a,¶_onf jrifawmfrlv#if/ oifwdk@onf ,Zfyka&m[dwfxHodk@oGm;I udk,fudkjy=uavmh[k
rdfef@awmfrlonftwkdif;/’vdk@ az: jyxm;ygw,f? bmjzpfvdk@ olwdk@&Jhtema&m*gudk ‘aysmufap’vdk@ rrdef@bJ ,Zfyka&m[dwf
xHoGm;apovJ´ olwdk@&Jh ,kH=unfjcif;tm;jzifh tema&m*gudk aysmufapwJhtwGufjzpfygw,f? ,kH=unfjcif;tm;jzifh
AdkvfcsKyfaeref&JhElemaysmufuif;cJhovdk/ &Sifr\J tcef;}uD;(8)u tem}uD;a&m*gpGJuyfolonfvnf; ol.,kH=unfjcif;
tm;jzifh/ aysmufjcif;tcGifhudk&ygw,f? ElempGJol(10)a,muf[mvnf; ,kH=unfaoma=umifh/ ,Zfyka&m[dwfrif;xH
ppfaq;cH&efxGufoGm;=uygw,f? wu,fvdk@ r,kH=unfbl;qdk&if ,Zfyka&m[dwfrif;xH ppfaq;cH&ef xGufcGmoGm;p&m
ta=umif;r&Sdygbl;?
udk;a,mufESifhwpfa,mufaomol. jcm;em;csuf
u|efawmfwdk@qufzwf=unfhr,fqdk&if ,Zfyka&m[dwfxH tppfaq;cHzdk@toGm;/ olwdk@&Jha&m*grsm;aysmufuif;oGm;
=uygw,f? tydk'fi,f(15-16)rSm ‘xdkolwdk@wGif wpfa,mufaomolonf tema&m*guif;vGwfonfudk odjrifv#if/
jyefvmI }uD;aomtoHESifh bk&m;ocif.*k%fawmfudk csD;rGrf;av.? ajcawmf&if;Yjyyf0yfI aus;Zl;awmf}uD;vSygonf[k
0efcHav.?’[k az: jyxm;ygw,f?
u|efawmfxifygw,f? tjcm;(9)a,mufvnf; olwdk@. a&m*grsm; aysmufuif;oGm;wmudk taotcsmawG@&Sd
oabmaygufrSmyg? bmjzpfvdk@jyefvm+yD;/ aus;Zl;wifpum;rajymwmvJ´ usrf;wwfyk*~dKvfwpfa,mufu wpfa,muf
aomoleJ@(9)a,mufwdk@t=um; jcm;em;csufokH;csufudkaz: jyygw,f?
(u) csrf;omvGwf+idrf;jcif;w&m;udk taotcsmoabmaygufjcif;?
txufu az: jyovdkyJ “wpfa,mufaomolonf tema&m*guif;vGwfonfudk odjrifv#if”vdk@qdkovdkyJ/
xdkwpfa,mufaomolonf taotcsmoabmayguf¶kHru eufeuf¶d_if;¶d_if;em;vnfoabmaygufw,fvdk@qdkvdk@&ygw,f?
*sL;ykHjyifwpfckrSm vlwpfa,muf[m q&mwpfyg;qDoGm;+yD;/ ol[m vl(9)a,mufESifhtwl tcef;wpfcef;rSm
aexdkif&vdk@ ol@b0aysmf&$ifp&mraumif;yg[k apm'uwufum rnfodk@ðyvkyfoihfoenf;[k t}uHawmif;onf[kqdkonf?
q&mu qdwfwpfaumifudk tcef;xJodk@twlac:+yD;xm;&ef ESifh wpfygwf+yD;v#if jyefvm&eft}uHay;vdkufonf? wpfygwf
=umaomtcg xdkola&mufvmjyef+yD;/ qdwf.rpif teH@touf/ toHrsm;a=umifh ydkIpdwfnpfa=umif; apm'uwufvm
jyefonf? q&mu xdkqdwfudk jyefxkwf+yD;/ wpfygwfjynfhv#if aemufxyfwpfcg jyefvm&eft}uHay;vdkufjyefonf? wpfygwf
jynfhIjyefvmaomtcg/ xkdolu olt&rf;aysmf&$ifa=umif;/ qdwfvnf;r&SdawmhbJ olESifholi,fcsif;(9)a,mufom &Sdojzifh/
teH@toufvnf;r&Sdawmha=umif;/ ESpfòcdufpGm tdyfaysmfEkdifa=umif;ajymonf[kqdkonf? trSefuawmh tpuwnf;u
oli,fcsif;(9)a,mufESifhwpfcef;wnf;wGif aexdkifcJhaomfvnf;/ ,ckrS aysmf&$ifjcif;t"dy`g,fudk eufeuf¶d_if;¶d_if;taotcsm
em;vnfoabmaygufvmjcif;yifjzpfonf? rdwfaqG oifhb0rSmvnf; pdwfnpfp&m'kuQrsm;awG@rS bk&m;&Sif&Jhaus;Zl;
u¶k%mudk odwwf/ cHpm;wwfoljzpfcsifygovm;´ 'grSr[kwf aus;Zl;awmfudk ae@pOfa&wGufcsD;rGrf;+yD;/ aumif;}uD;cHpm;
oljzpfcsifygovm;/ udk,fhudkudk,f a&G;cs,fzdk@jzpfygw,f?
(c) OD;pm;ay;ðyvkyf&rnfht&mudk oabmaygufjcif;/
xdkwpfa,mufaomolonf a&m*gaysmufuif;onfudk od&Sdem;vnfonfESifh rdrdyxrOD;qkH; OD;pm;ay;ðyvkyf&rnfh
t&m(odk@)ol@ae&mESifhol ol@tcsdefESifhol ðyvkyfoifhonfht&mudk em;vnfonf? ocifa,¶_udk aus;Zl;wifpum;ajym&ef
aus;Zl;awmfcsD;rGrf;&ef tr_onftajctaeESifh tcsdeftcgt& yxrOD;pm;ay;jzpfonfudk taotcsmoabmayguf em;
vnfaoma=umifhjzpfonf?
(*) aus;Zl;awmfcsD;rGrf;jcif;.tusdK;udk tjynfht0cHpm;&&Sdjcif;/
tydk'fi,f(19)wGif “oifxIoGm;avmh? oif.,kH=unfjcif;onf oif.temudk+idrf;ap+yD[k xdkoltm; rdef@awmf
rl.?” udk;a,mufaomolwdk@.b0udk usrf;pmwGif qufvufaz: jyjcif;r&Sdaomfvnf; wpfa,mufaomoltm; ocifa,¶_
u “æoif.temudk+idrf;ap+yD”[k rdef@awmfrlonf? Ttcsufonfvnf; wpfa,mufaomolxHwGifom rdef@awmfrlaom
ocifa,¶_.E_wfxGufaumif;}uD;ay;onfhpum;jzpfonf? tjcm;aomudk;a,mufu Taumif;}uD;ay;jcif;udk r&&Sdvdkuf
=uyg? Bible Commentary wpfckwGif ocifa,¶_u wpfa,mufaomoltm; 0dnmOfcGeftm;opfudkay;onf[k qdkonf?
tjcm;tjcm;aom Commentary rsm;wGif xdkol.,kH=unfjcif;onf tema&m*gaysmuf¶kHavmufaom ,kH=unfjcif;xuf
ydk+yD;/ ocifa,¶_.aemufawmfodk@ rrSdwfrokef vdkufav#muf&Jonfh ,kH=unfjcif;rsdK;ESifhjynfh0oljzpfonf[k az: jyxm;onf?
,ae@ avmu}uD;wGif ,kH=unfolc&pf,mefajrmufjrm;pGm&Sdygonf? odk@aomfvnf; aus;Zl;awmfcsD;rGrf;wwfaom
,kH=unfolc&pf,mefjzpf&ef ociftvdk&Sdygonf? ElempGJoltm;vkH;onf ,kH=unfjcif;a=umihf aysmufuif;jcif;odk@a&muf
=uaomfvnf;/ wpfa,mufaomol.aus;Zl;awmfcsD;rGrf;wwfaomESvkH;om;onf ol.,kH=unfjcif;tm;}uD;r_udk xif[yf
jyum xdkwpfa,mufaomolonf ppfrSefaom c&pfawmf.opPm&Sdaemufvdkuf wynfhjzpfa=umif;wifjyvdkuf&ygonf?
rSwfcsuf? Robert Massey (Church of God) . "Where are the Nine"udkudk;um;I qDavsmfatmif wifjyxm;ygonf?
(pma&;ol. 2010 November 8 ae@&uf u Calvary Burmese Church' Blogs; wG if wif x m;aom aqmif ; yg;ud k
tifwmeufrzwfjzpfonfh pmzwfolrsm;twGuf xyfqifhazmfjytyfygonf? t,f'Dwm)
owif;wdkxGm
1? *syefEdkifiH/ wdkusdKòrd@/ &Sif*sKuk&yf/ tdk;ukbdk&Sd Myanmar Christian Mission Center (MCMC) jrefrm
c&pf,mefomoemðytoif;awmf. toif;awmf wnfaxmifjcif;ESifh omoemðyjcif; (9)ESpfajrmuf ESpfygwfvnf
aus;Zl;awmfcsD;rGrf;0wfðyjcif;tpDtpOfudk 2010 jynfhESpf Ekd0ifbmv(7)&ufae@u ðyvkyfusif;y&m/ ,kH=unfolc&pf,mef
toif ; awmf t oD ; oD ; rS "rR t r_ a qmif r sm;/ toif ; ol / toif ; om;rsm;ES i f h v l ( 70)ausmf c ef @ rS csD ; rG r f ; 0wf ð y
aus;Zl;awmfcsD;rGrf;Ekdif=ua=umif;od&ygonf? bk&m;&Sif.bkef;awmf omI xif&Sm;ygapaomf0f?MCMC toif;awmfonf
jrefrmEkdifiHY apwref(21)yg;ESifh eDaygvfEkdifiHY apwref(4)yg;apv$wf xm;a=umif;od&ygonf?
2? csif;jynfe,fajrmufydkif;/ wD;wdefòrd@wGif tar&duefomoemðyq&mawmf}uD; Rev. Dr. Joseph Herbert Cope

- Mrs. Elizabeth Smith Cope ZeD;armifESHwdk@ omoemðy&efa&muf&Sdvmjcif;tESpf(100)jynfhaus;Zl;awmfcsD;rGrf;
0wfðyjcif;tpDtpOfudk 2010 jynfhESpf Ekd0ifbmv(25-28)&ufae@rsm;wGif }uD;us,fcrf;em;pGmusif;yðyvkyfrnfjzpfa=umif;/
od &ygonf ? Edk if iH wumod k@a&muf&S da e=uaom a'ocH wD ;wd ef òrd@ol/ òrd @om;rsm;vnf ; rdr dw dk @ae&yft oD ;oD; rS
"rRobifyGJawmf}uD;qif,ifusif;y&ef/ jyefvnfa&muf&Sdvm=ua=umif;vnf;od&ygonf?
3? *syefEkdifiH/ wdkusdKòrd@/ &SDem*g0g&yf/ a*:wif;&mr&Sd Zomi Christian Fellowship (ZCF-Japan) toif;awmfY

vnf; 2010jynfhESpfEdk0ifbmv(28)&ufae@wGif/ Rev. Dr.Joseph Herbert Cope - Mrs. Elizabeth Smith Cope
tESpf (100)jynfh aus;Zl;awmfcsD;rGrf;0wfðyjcif; tpDtpOfwpf&yfudk usif;yðyvkyfrnfjzpfa=umif;ESifh *syefEdkifiH/ wdkusdKòrd@&Sd
,kH=unfol c&pf,meftoif;awmftoD;oD;udkvnf; ac:zdwfxm;a=umif;od&ygonf?
Rev. Dr.Joseph Herbert Cope .txˆKy`wWdtusOf;rSm-
- 1882 ckESpf Edk0ifbmv(21)&ufae@wGifarG;zGm;cJhonf?
- 1899 ckESpfwGifESpfjcif;cHcJhonf?
- 1904 ckESpfwGif yifqJvfaA;eD;,m;wuUodkvfrS B.Sc. bGJ@udk&&SdcJhonf?
- 1908 ckESpfwGif ¶dkcsufpwm "rRwuUodkvfrS B.D. bGJ@udk&&SdcJhonf?
- 1908 ckESpf Zlvdkifv(7)&ufae@wGif vufwifr*Fvmudk&&SdcJhonf?
- 1908 ckESpf pufwifbmv(3)&ufae@wGif Elizabeth Smith ESifh vufxyfxdrf;jrm;cJhonf?
- om;okH;a,muf Joseph Howard Cope, Harry Cope ESifh Appleton Danforth Cope wdk@ &SdcJhygonf?
- 1908 ckESpf 'DZifbmv(21)&ufae@wGif ZeD;onfESifhtwl csif;jynfe,f/ [m;cg;òrd@odk@a&muf&SdcJh=uonf?
- 1910 jynfhESpf Edk0ifbmv(1)&ufae@wGif ZeD;onfESifhtwl csif;jynfe,f/ wD;wdefòrd@odk@a&muf&SdcJh=uonf?
2010 jynfhESpf Edk0ifbmv(1)&ufae@wGif csif;jynfe,f/ wD;wdefòrd@odk@a&muf&SdcJhjcif;tESpf(100)wif;wif;jynfhcJh+yDjzpfonf?
- 1913 ckESpfwGif csif;bmom(wD;wdef)oifcef;pm ausmif;okH;zwfpmtkyftrSwf(1)udka&;om;ðypkcJhonf?
- 1914 ckESpfwGif csif;bmom(qD;,if;)oifcef;pm ausmif;okH;zwf pmtkyftrSwf(1)udka&;om;ðypkcJhonf?
- 1915 ckESpfwGif csif;bmom(wD;wdef)jzifh "rRopfusrf;rS &Sifr\Jc&pf0ifusrf;udkbmomjyefqdk+yD;pD;cJhonf?
- 1916 ckESpfwGif csif;bmom(qD;,if;)jzifh "rRopfusrf;rS &Sifr\Jc&pf0ifusrf;udkbmomjyefqdk+yD;pD;cJhonf?
- 1919 ckESpfwGif wD;wdefowif;pOfpmapmifudk pwifcJhonf?
- 1923 ckESpfwGif csif;bmom(wD;wdef)jzifh "rRopfusrf;rS &Sifa,m[efc&pf0ifusrf;udk bmomjyefqdk+yD;pD;cJhonf?
- 1925 ckESpfwGif ynmoifausmif;rsm;Y *k%fxl;aqmif tifpydwfawmftjzpfcef@tyfjcif;cHcJh&onf?
- 1925 ckESpfwGif csif;bmom(qD;,if;)jzifh csif;bmomvufpGJpmtkyfudka&;om;cJhonf?
- 1927 ckESpf Edk0ifbmvwGif +Adwdo#udkvdkeDtpdk;&rS *k%fxl;aqmifaiGwHqdyf ( Kaiser-1-Hind Medal)
qkcsD;jr‡ifhjcif;udkcHcJh&onf?‡
- 1928 ckESpfwGif csif;bmom(wD;wdef)jzifh csif;awmifwef;yx0DESifh jrefrmEdkifiH(Geography of the Chin
Hills and Burma)pmtkyfudk a&;om;cJhonf?
- 1932 ckESpfwGif "rRopfusrf;udk csif;bmom(wD;wdef)jzifh bmomjyefqdk+yD;pD;cJhonf?
- 1933 ckESpfwGif John Banyan . Pilgrim's Progress udk csif;bmom(wD;wdef)jzifh Vantung Lam
Paina‘aumif;uifodk@wufa&muf&mvrf;’trnfjzifhbmomjyefqdka&;om;cJhonf?
- 1935 ckESpf ZGefv(10)&ufae@wGif udk;vf*dwfwuUodkvf(Colgate University)rS *k%fxl;aqmifa'gufwmbGJ@
(Honorary Degree of Doctor of Divinity (D.D.))bGJ@ csD;jr‡ifhjcif;udkcHcJh&onf?
- 1938 ckESpf ZGefv(11)&ufae@wGif csif;jynfe,f/ [m;cg;òrd@Y bkef;0ifpm;oGm;cJhygonf?
- Mrs. Elizabeth S. Cope onf 1938 ckESpf ZlvdkifvwGif jrefrmEkdifiHrS jyefvnfxGufcGg+yD;/ 1968 ckESpf
'DZifbmv(10)&ufae@wGif tar&duefEkdifiH/ yifqJvfaA;eD;,m;jynfe,f/ zDvm'JvfzD;,m;òrd@Y bkef;0ifpm;oGm;cJhygonf?
4? t*Fvefjynfh&Sif bk&ifr}uD; tJvDZbuf.ajr;awmf/ tdrfa&S@rif;om; a0vòrd@pm; csm;vfpfESifh 1997 ckESpfu

jyifopfEkdifiHwGif ,mOfwdkufr_ESifhuG,fvGefoGm;+yDjzpfaom a0vrif;orD; av'D'dkif,memwdk@.om;OD;/ +Adwdo#xD;eef;.
'kwd,t¶dkuft&mcH awmf0ifrif;om;av; William ESifh cspfol Kate Middleton wdk@onf 2010 jynfhESpf Edk0ifbmv
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r*Fvmowif;onf xdyfwef;owif;wpfyk'ftjzpf urBmwv$m;owif;pmapmiftoD;oD;wGif az: jyyg&SdouJhodk@ *k%fðy
csD;usL;pum;oHrsm;vnf; wcJeufay:aygufapcJhygonf? awmf0ifrif;om;av;0DvsHu TuJhodk@ aphpyfa=umif;vrf;jcif;
r*Fvmjzpfay:vm&eftwGuf atmufwdkbmvu uifnmEkdifiHodk@a&muf&SdpOf vufxyfcGifhyefcJhjcif;jzpfa=umif;xkwfaz:
ajym=um;cJhonf? wpfcsdefuol.rdcif Lady Diana ydkifqdkifaomaphpyfvufpGyfudk aphpyfvufpGyftjzpfay;cJha=umif;udk
vnf;xkwfaz:ajym=um;ygonf? ol.rdcifydkifqdkifaomaphpyfvufpGyfudkay;&jcif;rSm TvufpGyfudkay;jcif;tm;jzifh
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owdk@orD;avmif; Kate uvnf; uG,fvGefolrif;orD; Diana udk =oZm}uD;rm;onfhtrsdK;orD;wpfOD;tjzpfajym=um;+yD;/
awmf0ifrdom;pktwGif;odk@0ifa&muf&jcif;onf rxdwfomrvef@omtvm;tvmrsm;ESifh}uHKawG@&zG,f&Sdaomfvnf;
ol@b0wGif awmifhwcJh&aomt&mwpfckvnf;jzpfa=umif;ajym=um;cJhonf?
a0vrif;orD; Diana udk tdrfa&S@rif;om; Charles ay;cJhaom xdkaphpyfvufpGyfrSm a':vmajcmufaomif;wef
(18)um&uf&Sd tjyma&mif awmufyaom bJOykHeDvmausmufESifh emrnfausmf a[vdkpdefyGifhuav; rsm;(14)vkH;
&Hjc,fxm;aomvufpGyfjzpfonf? xdkaphpyfvufpGyfudk tar&duefEkdifiH/ New York &Sd The Natural Sapphire Com-
pany rS xk w f v k y f c J h j cif ; jzpf + yD ; / rif ; orD ; Diana onf xd k u k r ` % D r S xk w f v k y f a om aph p yf v uf p G y f tygt0if
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0D v sH u ol . owd k @orD ; avmif ; av; ud w f t m; ol . rd cif yd k if q d k if a om aph p yf v uf p G y f u d k a y;tyf v d k u f a =umif ;
a=unm+yD;aomtcg xdkvufpGyfudk vltrsm;u jyefvnfIpdwf0ifpm;
vm=uonf[kqdkonf? xdka=umifh The Natural Sapphire Company
rS pdefjc,feDvmvufpGyf rsm;jyefvnfa&mif;aumif;aea=umif;/ ,ckESpf
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bk&m;&Sdcdk;ausmif;jzpfaom Westminster Abbey wGifyif usif;yðyvkyf&ef
0DvsHrif;om;rS a&G;cs,fa=umif;od&ygonf? vufxyfr*FvmyGJusif;yrnfhae@&ufrSm 2011 ckESpf
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a':vmwpfaxmifwef vnf;od&ygonf? (Ref: http://shine.yahoo.com; http:news.yahoo.com)
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oabmu tm¶kHig;yg;udk OD;pm;xm;IqifjcifcHpm;wwf touf}uD;rS a,moyftm; &ojzifh/ ol@tm;ydkIcspfonf
onf? 'kwd,wpfcku bk&m;w&m;ESifhqdkifaomt&mudk [k azmfjyxm;ygonf? trSefqdkygu a,moyftm;ydkIcspf
qifjcifItm¶kHðywwfaom "rRm¶kHpdwfjzpfonf? xdkpdwfu onfr[kwfyg? a,moyf. bk&m;ocifudktav;xm;emcH
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onfhtcg 'kuQa&mufrSef;odaeygvsuf bk&m;ociftay: Y yg? a,moyfi,fpOfuyif rdcifr&Sdojzifh zcifonf a,moyf
tm¶kHðyrSDcdkaeaoma=umifh 'kuQ[krcHpm;wwfyg? odk@aomf tay: Y zcif/ rdcifESpfOD;pvkH;.arwWmudk jyaejcif;omjzpf
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tm¶kHpdwfudk tajcðy+yD; toufr&Sif=u/ avmuDt&mrsm; omru/ owfypfcsifonfhtxdjzpf=uonfudkawG@&onf?
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a,moyfu xdkodk@rvkyfyg? tpfudkwdk@r[kwfwmvkyfonfh twGif;emrf0dnmOfESifh bk&m;ocif.qufoG,fr_&Sdygonf?
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,ae@,kH=unfolrsm;rSmrl 0dnmOfawmfu wkduf¶dkuf jzpfygonf? (wref/ 10) wGif aumaevdtrnf&Sdaom wyfrª;
today;az: jyonf&Sdovdk/ rSm;onfhtcgYvnf; 0dnmOf wpfa,mufudkawG@&onf?
awmfuqkH;ryJhjyifjcif;cH&onftxd om;jzpfjcif;.r*Fvm “xdkolonf rdrdtdrfwGif &Sdor#aomolwdk@ESifhwuG
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aumif;}uD;r*FvmESifhqkv'fudk rcHpm;&rD }uD;pGmaompkHprf; vlwdk@tm; rsm;pGmaompGef@}uJjcif;udkðyI bk&m;ocifudk
aESmuf,Sufjcif;cH&ygonf? u|Ekfyfwdk@toufwmY bk&m; tpOfqkawmif;avh&Sd.?”(w/ 10;2)?
ocif.pum;udk=um;+yD;vdkufav#mufonfhtcg bk&m;ocif aumaevdonf a&mrwyfrª;wpfOD;YrjzpfEdkif/ r&Sd
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olESifhtdyfzdk@&ef aoG;aqmifygonf? xdktcg twGif;rStod twGif;tm¶kHY owday;onfudk tav;xm;a=umuf&GH@I
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a,moyf o nf vl i,f w pf OD ; omjzpf y gonf ? od k @ aomf qkH;raoma=umifh/ xdkodk@touf&Sifonfr[kwfyg? aumae
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udkr# u|efawmftm;rjrpfwm;yg? odk@jzpfv#if tjypf}uD;aom pGef@}uJay;urf;jcif;tr_udk ðy¶kHr#ru rdrdtdrfoltdrfom;
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Ekdifoenf;[k ocif.r,m;udkjiif;Ijyefqdk.?”(u/ 39;9)? arG @avsmf a omol j zpf y gonf ? aumaevd ð yaomtr_ u d k
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ocifjzpfonf? u|Ekfyfwdk@ toufwmY bk&m;ocif r&Sdygu vufawmfxJwGif&Sdygonf? xdk@twl u|Ekfyfwdk@toufwmY
tjypf'kp¶dkufwnf;[laom AmAkvkef&Sifbk&ifESifhwlaom rSm;cJhaomtrSm;rsm;twGuf vdktyfonfrSm aemifw&zdk@yif
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udk tav;rxm;yg? olaX;}uD;ESifh vmZ¶k tjzpftysufwGif Áoa&vvlrsm;aemifw&+yD; bk&m;ocifxH jyefvSnfhvm
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bk&m;&SifESifhrwdawG@&ao;aomtoufwmonf jyefvmEkdifzdk@ bk&m;ocifu vrf;zGifhay;xm;aomfvnf;
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ESifhxdawG@aomtoufwmrlum; qif;&Jaomfvnf;&Sdonfh xdkolrsm;udk pm&if;ðypkxm;ygonf? ,ae@ u|Ekfyfwdk@ owd
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“bk&m;ocifu avmuudk‚if;/ avmuY&Sdaom onfhtcg ,kH=unfjcif;ygzdk@ vdkygonf?
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qdkjcif;rSm avmut&mrsm;udkrokH;ESifh avmuom;rsm;ESifh Áoa&vvlrsm; wnfaqmufaom 'kwd,wpfck
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,kH=unfjcif;jzifh ,ZfylaZmfyg u|Ekfyfwdk@,kH=unfolrsm;udk bk&m;&Sifu,fwifjcif;ay;jcif;
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t}uD;qkH;aomt&monf ,Zfyv†ifjzpfygonf? a=u;0g onf ta&;}uD;ygonf? ,kH=unfolta,mufwkdif;onf
,Zfyv†ifYylaZmfaomodk;uav;/ qdwfuav;rsm;onf AdrRmefawmfjzpfygonf? Áoa&vvlrsm; xdkESpfckqkH;¶_H;oGm;
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ocifa,¶_wnf;[laom tjypfajzaom,Zfonf oljzpfonfomru bk&m;&Sifudk a=umuf&GH@aomoljzpf
u|Ekfyfwdk@udk bk&m;ocifESifhxdawG@apygonf? ,ae@ u|Ekfyf a=umif;awG@&onf? xdkr#ru olonf udk,fwkdif E_wfuywf
wdk@onf rnfodk@aom,ZfrsdK;udk ylaZmfae=uygoenf;? awmf u d k cH , l I ud k ,f w k dif v d ku f a v#muf + yD ; Áoa&v
umÁeESifhtmaAvylaZmfaom,ZfwGif tmaAv.,Zf vl r sm;ud k v nf ; oG e f o if o l j zpf y gonf ? bk & m;ocif .
ylaZmfjcif;udk bk&m;ocifuvufcH+yD; umÁeylaZmfaom vlonf bk&m;&Sif. pum;awmfudkem;raxmifbJ avmu
,Zfudk vufrcHyg? ESpfOD;pvkH;u taumif;qkH;udk ylaZmf=u ESifh tay;t,lrvkyf=uzdk@ owdðyoifhygonf? avmuESifh
aomfvnf; tb,fa=umifh wpfOD;udkvufcH+yD; wpfOD;udk tay;t,lv kyf+ yD;/ touf& Sifygu xdk tdrf axmif onf
vufrcH&oenf;? (a[+AJ/ 11;4) tmaAv ylaZmfaom,Zf om,maomtdrfaxmif rjzpf¶kHr#ru om;orD;rsm;onf
ud k bk & m;ocif v uf c H j cif ; onf ,Zf a =umif h r [k w f y g? vnf; vGJrSm;aomvrf;Y av#mufoGm;=urnfjzpfayonf?
,kH=unfj cif;jzifhemcHIðyaoma=umifhjzpfo nf? umÁe xdk@a=umifh u|Ekfyfwdk@onf ppfrSefaom,kH=unfjcif;
rlum; rdrdtvdkqENtwkdif;ðyjcif;jzpf+yD;/ ,kH=unfjcif;rygI Y wnf=unfI udk,fwdkifemcHvdkufav#muf+yD;/ oGefoifjcif;
bk&m;ocifu yrm%rðyjcif;jzpfygonf? ,ae@ u|Ekfyfwdk@ tm;jzifh &ifhusufaomtoufwmY wnf=unf=uzdk@&ef
pnf ; a0;vmonfh t cg ,k H =unf jcif; ygyg.avm? ,ae@ arwWmjzifhtoday;a0iSvdkuf&ygonf?
,kH-unfolc&pf,mefwdkif;onf rwlnDr+rsm;udkab;z,fI/
wlnDr+rsm;jzifh bk&m;ocifudk twlwuGcsD;rGrf;0wfjyK
udk;uG,f-u&efjzpfygonf? [EM
yef ; uav;rsm;rEG r f ; apcsi f
Ad k vfrSL;azoG if(tNid rf;pm;a&wyf Adk vf)
,cifvrStquf
(31)
“vludk udk;pm;I vlowW0gudk trSDðyojzifh pdwfESvkH; “u|ef awmfuawmh tefwmAsL;(pf )qd kwJ h aq;
xJ Y xm0&bk & m;xH a wmf r S xG u f o G m ;aomol o nf aomuf+yD; t&ufjzwfcsifvdk@yg”
usdeftyfaomoljzpf.? xdkolonf vGifjyifY&Sdaom opfyif q&m0ef } uD ; u u|ef a wmf h t m;=unf h a e&if ;
ajcmufuJhodk@jzpfI aumif;usdK;a&mufa=umif;udk rod&? jznf;n‡if;pGm acgif;+idrfhvdkufonf?
tb,folr#raeaom qm;ajr/ aoG@ajcmufaomvGifjyifY “atmfæ'Dvdkvm;/ vG,fygw,f? tJ'Daq;uvnf;
ae&vdrfhrnf?” (a,&rd/ 17;5-6) u|efawmfwdk@qDrSm tqifoifh&Sdygw,f? aomufykHaomuf
tvHjybk&m;vrf;&Sd owWrOykoftoif;aq;¶kHodk@ enf;eJ@aq;bufqdkif&m =o0g'awGudkom u|efawmfu &Sif;jy
eHeuf10-em&D rxdk;rDuwnf;u a&mufoGm;onf? w,fvD bdk@&Sdwmayghav”
zkef;jzifhcsdef;xm;onfh q&m0ef}uD;udk vG,fvifhwulyif awG@ q&m0ef}uD;u u|efawmft&ufaomufvmaom
&.? ESpfy&dap>'udk ar;onf? wu,fbJ t&ufjzwfvdka=umif;
t&yf&Snf&Snf axmifaxmifarmif;armif; tar&d [kwfr[kwf ppfaq;ar;jref;onf?
uefq&m0ef}uD;wpfOD;jzpf.? tcef;wGif;odk@ 0ifvdkufonf +yD;v#if usef;rma&;tajctaeudk ppf=unfhonf?
ESifh u|efawmfhtm;pl;pdkufI =unfhaeonf? t&ufjzwfvdkol “cifAsm; tawmftm;enf;aewmbJ? tajctae
rSm u|efawmfyifjzpfrnfudk rajymbJ &dyfpm;rdykH&.? [mvnf; tawmfav;awmifvGefaeygyaumvm;”
u|efawmf rnfolrnf0gjzpfonf/ tvkyftudkifrS q&m0ef}uD;u Todk@omv#if rSwfcsufcsvdkuf
pI udk,fa&;udk,fwmudpPtao;pdwfrajymjyvdka=umif; onf? u|efawmf.udk,fcE<mtwGif;rS a&m*gtpkHudkjzifh
pum;yv†ifcHvdkufonf? rajymjybJESifhod+yD;jzpfygvdrfhrnf?
“cifAsm; b,foljzpfa=umif;udkrajymbJ xm;vdk “uJætefwmAsL;(pf)qdkwm 'gyJ”
wmudk u|efawmfem;vnfygw,f? 'gayr,fh t&uform; aq;Al;&Snf tjzLav;wpfck xkwfvmIvufxJwGif
a&m*gonf[m pdwfeJ@vnf;qdkifaewwfvGef;vdk@ cifAsm;rSm udkifxm;&if;ajymvdkufonf? +yD;v#if twGif;rS aq;ykvif;
v#dK@0Sufxm;vdkwJh twGif;a&;awGuvGJvdk@ wjcm;ar;cGef; udk xkwfvdkuf.? aq;jym;av;rsm;rSm tjzLa&mif0dkif;0dkif;
av;awGaum ar;&ifr&bl;vm;´” av;rsm;jzpf.? (pDApf)aq;jym;t}uD;pm;rsm;ESifhwlonf?
“&ygw,fæar;yg? ajymoifhajymxdkufwm&Sdoa&G@ “'Daq;udk ol@zgom aomufae&if cE<mudk,f&Jh
awmh u|efawmfu ajz=um;yghr,f” aoG;om;v_yf&Sm;ykHrSm bmrSrxdcdkufapbl;? 'gayr,fh cE<m
u|efawmf rnfoljzpfonfudk rajymvdkonfrSm udk,fxJrSm t&uf0ifvm&ifawmh 'Daq;u tpGrf;jyvm
ta=umif;ESpfcsuf&Sdygonf? yxrtcsufrSm &SufIjzpfonf? vdrfhr,fæ”
useftcsufrSm u|efawmfonf wyfrawmfom;wpfOD; jzpf “[kwfuJh cifAsm;”
aoma=umifhyif? !‡dK;i,faeaom rsufESmxm;jzifh ajymvdkufygonf?
wyfrawmfom;wpfOD;taejzifh a&m*ga0'em& “'DvdkAsærdwfaqG/ t&uf[m cE<mudk,fxJ 0ifoGm;
v#if ppf aq;¶kHYom uko&rnfjzpfonf? ppfaq;¶kHESifh &if umbGef'dkifatmufqdk'f ESifh a&tjzpf "gwftzGJ@tpnf;
tvSrf;a0;I/ toufab;pdk;&drf&aomta&;ay:udpP a&m*g ajymif;vJoGm;w,f? (Metabolism)ayghAsm”
rsm;jzpfrSomv#if t&yfbufaq;¶kHY uko&ayrnf? q&m0ef}uD;ajymaeonfudk u|efawmfem;vnf
rnfol@udkrS ta=umif;r=um;bJ/ t&yfbufqkdif&m a=umif;acgif;+idrfhvdkufonf?
aq;¶kHrsm;Yukoae&if; wpfpkHwpfckjzpfoGm;v#if/ Oyrm “tJ'Dvdk "gwkaA'tzGJ@tpnf; ajymif;vJaewJh tcg
toufaoqkH;oGm;v#if um,uH&Sif.wm0efom jzpfay rsdK;rSm tqdyf"gwfwpfrsdK;jzpfwJh tufqDwJ(vf)'D[dkuf('f)
vdrfhrnf? u¶k%ma=u;ESifh yifpifudpPrsm; pum;rsm;vm (Acetaldehyde) "mwftoGifo¾mef[m cyfjrefjrefav;
Ekdif.? jzpfay:vmwwfw,f? +yD;awmh tvdkvdkae&if; ol@zgom
a=uuGJysufpD;oGm;wwfygw,f? 'gayr,fh vlwpfa,muf w,f ? vl em[m touf ¶ª r0awmh/ tawmf y J yify ef ;
[m 'DtefwmAsL;(pf)aq;udk aomufxm;w,f? tJ'Dvdk qif;&J¶kHru/ pdwfylyifaomuvnf; a&mufygvdrfhr,fæ”
aq;aomufxm;&if; t&ufudkxyfqifhaomufvdkufwmeJ@ u|efawmfudk,fwkdifYudku ,ckyif ylyifaomu
wòyd i f e uf ck e uajymwJ h quf q D w J v f ' D [ d k u f ( 'f ) "gwf tawmfyifa&mufae+yDjzpfojzifh/ aemufxyf ylyifaomu
tzGJ@tpnf;ajymif;vJykHudk wpfcgxJ taESmuft,Suf ay; pdwfxm;vnf;rvdkcsifawmhyg?
awmhwmyJ? cyfjrefjrefrajymif;vJbJ ajz;ajz;csif;om ajymif; “'DrSmAsm/ tefwmAsL;(pf)aomufxm;+yD;/ t&uf
vJvmapawmh aoG;awGqlºuGvmyga&mæ” aomufvdkuf&if b,fvdkjzpfr,fqdkwm vlem&Sif odxm;ESifh
u|efawmfu &ifwxdwfxdwfckefIom quf+yD; atmiftprf;oabmeJ@ u|efawmfjyavh&Sdygw,f”
em;axmifaeyg.? q&m0ef}uD;u qufI ajymjyaeawmhonf?
“tJ'Dvdk aoG;awG qlºuGvmawmh bmjzpfvmrvJ “Oyrm vlemudk reufwdkif; aq;jym;wpfjym;pDeJ@
qdk&if yxrOD;qkH; rsufESmwpfckvkH; pyfzsif;zsif;jzpfvm+yD;/ okH;&ufquf+yD;awmhwdkufr,f? okH;&ufajrmufwJ@ae@rSm
ylxlvmvdrfhr,f? +yD;awmh em;xifrSm w'def;'def;eJ@ aoG;wdk; t&ufav;atmifpavmuf wkduf=unfhr,f? qdk=uygpdk@?
vm+yD; ESvkH;ckefE_ef; jrefvmvdrhfr,f? trsm;tm;jzifh acgif; cifAsm;qdk&if odyftm;enf;aewJh tajctaejzpfaeawmh
udkufcJvmygava&m? 'gxufqdk;wmuæ touf¶ª=uyf ESpfatmifp/ okH;atmifpavmufyJ wkdufyghr,f? t&uf
vm+yD;/ vnfacsmif;u av¹yGefrSm qdk@ydwfvmovdk jzpfvm aomuf+yD; q,frdepftwGif;rSm ckeu ajymxm;wJhcHpm;&
vdrhfr,f? acsmif;qdk;r,f/ vnfrsdKudk wpfa,mufa,mufu r,fha0'emawG[m wpfck+yD;wpfck jzpfvmrSmyJAs? tif;æ
zspfnpfxm;ovdk cHpm;&rSmyJ” wpfem&DavmuftxdcHae&rSmyJ?”
“'gu t&ufaomufrS jzpfrSmr[kwfvm;” “wpfckyJ u|efawmfar;yg&apæ”
“[kwfygw,f/ t&ufraomufbJ xm;&ifawmh “[kwfuJh”
bmrSrjzpfygbl;? wpfckem;vnfapcsifwmu t&uform; “tJ'D aq;aomufxm;vdk@ t&ufaomufcsifwJh
udkacsmufvSef@wJhoabmeJ@ tJ'Daq;udk aomufcdkif;wm tmoDo[m raysmufoGm;bl;vm;”
r[kwfygbl;Asmæ? trSefuawmh vlawG[m rl;wl;wl;/ “0rf;enf;ygw,f rdwfaqG? tmoDoawmh aysmuf
&DwDwDjzpfcsifvdk@ t&ufaomu=uwmyJ? 'gayr,fh aomuf vdrfhr,f r[kwfygbl;? tcsdefus&if cifAsm;[m t&uf
+yD;awmh rrl;vmwJhtjyif ckeuajymovdk a0'emawG jzpf aomufcsifwJhpdwfxm;awG ay:vmaeOD;rSmyJ? 'gayr,fh
vm&if tJ'Dvltzdk@ t&ufaomufcsifpdwf aysmufoGm; igaomufvdk uf&if tJ'Da0'emawG cHpm;&rS mygvm;vdk@
atmifygyJ?” odxm;awmh/ raomuf&JatmifayghAsm æ”
acsmufvSef@vdkaomqENr[kwfa=umif;ajymaomf u|efawmftvGefyif pdwfysufoGm;yg.? t&uf
vnf; =um;vdkuf&uwnf;u u|efawmfa=umufvef@vsuf aomufcsifaomtmoDou raysmufoGm;/ tcsdefusI
&Sdaeyg+yD? t&ufraomuf&aoma=umifh vufrsm;wkefwkef&D&Djzpfvm?
“tif;æ t&uf b,favmuf aomufvdkufwJh wpfcsdefwnf;rSmyJ t&ufu raomuf&Jætdkærnfr# jyif;ys
tay:rSm rlwnfwmyJ? cyfrsm;rsm;aomufrd&if cHpm;&r,fh aompdwfESifh um,a0'emrsm;jzpfvdrhfrnfenf;?
a0'em[mawmh tvl ; tvJ y J ? uk e f u k e f a jymr,f A sm/ “'ga=umifhrdk@vdk@ u|efawmfut+rJ owday;&w,f?
toufawmifaoqkH;oGm;Ekdifygw,f” wpfcgwpfav rdef;rvkyfolu a,mufsm;jzpfoludk t&uf
“[mæ” jywfapcsifwmeJ@ rodrom aumfzDzefcGufxJjzpfjzpf// [if;csdK
u|efawmf tvGefyifpdwfysufoGm;yg.? wpfckwnf;yJjzpfjzpf/ tefwmAsL;(pf)aq;jym;udk tr_ef@azsmf
“'ga=umifhrdk@ tJ'Daq;udk aomufr,fvdk@ qkH;jzwfwJh +yD;xnfhxm;ay;w,f? a,mufsm;vkyfwJhvlurodbJ t&uf
vl[m 'Daq;¶kHrSmwuf+yD;aomufzdk@ u|efawmft+rJwkdufwGef; oGm;aomufrdyga&mæenf;enf;yg;yg;qdk awmfao;? tvGef
w,f? ta&;ta=umif;qdk&if u|efawmfwdk@tem;rSm &Sdwm tu|Hrsm;qdk&if toufawmf qkH;¶_H;oGm;wwfygava&mAsm”
ayghæ” u|efawmfwdk@ESpfOD;om; acwW+idrfvsuf&Sdaeonf?
“'Daq;¶kHudk rwufbJ rjzpfEkdifbl;vm;æ” tvH j ybk & m;vrf ; ay:rS jzwf o G m ;aomum;oH r sm;u
q&m0ef}uD;u acwWpdkuf=unfhae+yD;rSæ jyLwif;aygufwGif;odk@ wdk;a0S@I0ifvmonf?
“jzpfawmhjzpfEkdifygw,favæ/ 'gayr,fh wpfckck aq;¶kH+cH0if;xJ&Sd usD;uef;rsm;u wpmpmnnf;nL
jzpf&if tcsdefrD 'Dudkydk@zdk@ óud;pm;&vdrfhr,fAsm” jrnfwrf;ae.?
tjyifrSm aq;aomufv#if róudufonfhavoHyg “pOf ; pm;ygrdw f a qG / aoaocsmcsmtcsd ef , l +yD ;
ae.? pOf;pm;yg? toufab;awmif xdyg;apEkdifwJhudpPygAsmæ”
“+yD;awmh pdwfv_yf&Sm;r_eJ@qdkifwJhtydkif; usefao; twef=um idkifae+yD;rS aemufrS ta=umif;jyefyg
rnf[kajym+yD;/ q&m0ef}uD;tm; E_wfqufIaq;¶kHxJrS yifv#ifpOf;pm;rdjyefonf? odk@aomf xdkodk@aomukoenf;wdk@
acgif;idkufpdkufjzifh xGufvmcJhonf? onf =um&SnfrcHa=umif; aq;*sme,frsm;u 0efcHxm;.?
aoaocsmcsmpOf;pm;+yD;rS ta=umif;jyefygrnf tvkH;pkHudkqdk&aomf/ vef'efòrd@&Sd armh('f)pvDaq;¶kH
[lIomajymcJhonf? odk@aomfvnf; xdkaq;Al;av;udkjzifh wGif pdwfynmjzifh ukocJhI vkH;0aysmufuif;oGm;onfh
wpfAl;om0,fcJhyg.? 12-vkH;0if aq;ykvif;udk ckESpfusyfcGJ t&uform;OD;a&rSm(18)&mcdkifE_ef;om&Sda=umif;udk zwf¶_
cef@omusyg.? &cJhonf? xdkodk@ atmifjrifr_&&efvnf; tenf;qkH;ESpfESpf
aq;¶kHrSxGufvm+yD;/ um;xJwGif ikwfwkwfxdkif =umjrifhcJhonf[kqdk.?
vdkufygvmvsuf txl;yif pdwf!‡dK;i,faerdonf? taemufzufqDrS rdk;&dyfrsm;oef;vm+yD; jyLwif;
tefwmAsL;(pf)aomuf+yD; t&ufraomufbJ ae ayguf r S avat;av;a0S @vmonf ? uef @vef @umav;
onfhwkdifatmif ta&jym;wGif tempdrf;rsm;omru xdkif; wvGifhvGifhjrL;vmaeonfudk =unfhaerd.?
r_dif;awGa0jcif;/ acgif;udkufcJaewwfjcif;/ yg;pyfxJY oH"gwf rD ;zdka csmif xJ& Sd td rfa z:ta': }uD; wpfOD ;rS vG JI
t&ompGJuyfaejcif;/ 0rf;ydkufYatmifhjcif;/ pdwfxJY¶_wfaxG; wpftdrfvkH;wdwfqdwfaeonf? tdrfa&S@cef;&Sd wdkifuyfem&DrS
aewwfjcif; ponfwdk@jzpfwwfa=umif; odcJh&jyefao;onf? wcsufcsufjrnfoHonf u|efawmf.&ifckefE_ef;ESifh udkufnD
tdrfjyefa&mufonfESifh oabFmudk vSrf;zkef;quf aeonf[k xifrd.?
vdkufonf? ,ae@ u|efawmfvmawmhrnf r[kwfa=umif; a&S@wGif&Sdaeaom t&ufcGufudk pl;pdkuf=unfhrdjyef
Adkvf}uD;vSxGef;tm;ajymvdkufonf? onf? yxrOD;qkH;aomt&ufwpfcGufudk rsdKcsvdkufonfh
t0wftpm;vJvS,f+yD; yufvufukvm;xdkifay: tcsdefrS ,cktcsdefxd t&ufcGufaygif; rnfr#&SdcJh+yDenf;´ xdk
wGif av;vHaompdwfxm;ESifhom xdkifaerd.? enf;wl aiGESifh‘puf’0,fcJh&aomt&ufwdk@onf aemufqkH;
+ + + + + Yu|efawmf.cE<mudk,fudkomv#if w&d&daqG;ajrhcrf;ajcmuf
waiG@aiG@ylvmaomt&uf&Sdefa=umifh &Da0r_Hr_dif;vm aeap+yD r[kwfygvm;æ´
aomrsufvkH;tpkHudk rSdwf+yD; tawG;,OfausmY arsmaerd emusnf;vSaom pdwfxm;jzifhom t&ufcGufudk
onf? &ifxJY v_dufv_dufvSJvSJjzpfvmonf? toJESvkH;om; udkif=unfhvdkufonf? odk@aomf zefcGufwGif;&Sd tqdyf&nfudk
wdk@rSm wajrhajrhemusnf;vm.? awmh t¶_H;ay;ae&aomtaejzifh armhIrsdKcsvdkufrdjyefonf?
t&ufa&m*gudk ukoay;&ef tjcm;enf;vrf;rsm; vnfacsmif;wGif;odk@ ylIqif;vm+yD;/ cE<mudk,fwGif;
r&Sdawmhaybl;vm;æ´ &Sd uvDpmtm;vkH;udk qufvufavmifu|rf;aeapjyefyg+yD?
pdwfynm ‘qdkifudko,f&yD’(Psychotherapy)jzifh ,pfxkyfrsm;udk trsm;qkH;ESifhtatmifjrifqkH; uko
ukoykHwdk@udk owd&rd.? xdkodk@aoma0'em&Sifwdk@onf b0 ay;EkdifaomtzGJ@wpfckwnf;om urBmay:wGif &Sdonf?
&yfwnfr_ESifhywfoufI rSm;,Gif;aomtawG;tac:&Sdaeol ‚if;rSm trnfraz:vdkaom,pfxkyfrsm;toif; (Alcoholic
rsm;/ jyif;jyaomylyifaomucHpm;ae&olrsm;/ rdrdudk,fudk Anonymous)jzpfonf? twdkaumufrSm ‘atat’jzpf.?
,kH=unfpdwfcsr_enf;vSI/ tqdkyg c|wf,Gif;csufrsm;udk ‚if;toif;tzGJ@udk 1935-ckESpfwGif pwifwnf
t&ufESifhtpm;xdk;aeolrsm;omjzpf.? axmifcJhonf? trnfraz:vdkaomolrsm;jzpfonfhtwkdif;
tchsdKrSmvnf; tdrfaxmifa&;tqifrajyI‚if;/ pwifwnfaxmifcJholrsm;.trnfrsm;rSm yGJpm;}uD;wpfOD;
pD;yGm;a&;tajctae [efrusI‚if;/ txuft&m&Sdrsm;ESifh jzpfol bD(vf)'AvsLESifh a'gufwmabmh(yf)[lIom qdkxm;
roifhjrwfI‚if;/ tESDESDaomta=umif;rsm;a=umifh t&uf onf?
aopmaomufpm;aejcif;rsm;om jzpfwwfonf? ‘atat’toif;om;rsm;onf rdrdwdk@.tjypfrsm;
pdwfynmq&mu xdkodk@aom t&if;cHta=umif; udk 0efcHvsuf rdrdwdk@uJhodk@aom ,pfxkyfrsm;udk tultnD
rsm;udkpl;prf;&SmazGI ‚if;wdk@udk t&if;tjrpfu ukoay;jcif; ay;&ef uwday;&¶kHru t&uform;rsm;jzpfpOfu rSm;,Gif;
tm;jzifh t&uform;b0rS u|wfvGwfoGm;apEkdifonf? cJhor#udk jyefvnfaus&mausa=umif; ðyvkyfay;=u&onf?
u|ef a wmf h w G if xd k o d k @aom ta=umif ; tcsuf csD;usL;p&maumif;vSaomtoif;tzGJ@wpfckyif?
uav;rsm;r&SdIr[kwf/ tenf;tusOf;awmh&Sdaeonf? odk@aomf t"dupdwf0ifpm;p&mtcsufwpfckrSm
odk@aomf pdwfynmq&m0efESifhuko&avmufatmif rqdk;0g; t&ufjzwfenf;vrf;pOfyifjzpfonf? xdkvrf;pOfwGif tcsuf
vSa=umif; ppfaq;¶kHu rSwfcsufcsxm;onf? aygif;(12)csufyg0ifonf? ta&;}uD;qkH;ESifht"dutjzpfqkH;
wzefwkH/ xdkodk@aom ukocsufwdk@onf tcsdef rSmæ “rdrdwdk@taejzifh t&uf.aus;u|efb0rS rvGwf
aemufusI a&m*gu|rf;aerSqdkv#if tcsnf;ESD;yif r[kwf ru|wfEkdifa=umif;udk 0efcH+yD; ‘bk&m;ocif’.vufxJodk@
ygavm? udk,fudktyfvdkufjcif;”yifjzpf.?
(Hypnosis)ac: pdwf!‡dK@ynmjzifh ukoenf;udk 18-&mpkESpfu z&D;'&pf(csf)/ tdkwif;*g;qdkol.
qkawmif;av;wpfckudk trSDðyxm;.? xdkqkawmif;av;rSmæ !‡Of;yef;ESdyfpufcHae&aom tysdKjzef;av;wpfOD;. nnf;oH
“tu|Ekfyf udk,fwkdifðyjyifajymif;vJEkdifpGrf; r&Sdawmh ¶d_ufoHESifhwlvS.?
aomudpPrsm;udk 0efcHEkdif&ef bk&m;ocifonf cGeftm;udk “azoGifærif;[mavæb0toufwm&Jh avScg;
ay;ygapaom0f? ðyjyifEkdifpGrf;&Sdor#udpPwdk@udk &J0HhpGm vkyf xpftv,frSmjzifh ajcacsmfvJvdk@ b0udk t¶_H;ay;vdkuf&+yD
aqmif Ek dif& efo wW du dk ay;ygapaom0f ? xd kE Sp fr sdK ;pvk H; ud k r[kwfvm; azoGif&mæ”
&S if ; vif ;pG m oabmayguf v map&ef bk &m;ocifo nf + + + + + +
ynmOm%fudk ay;ygapaom0fæ”[laom qkawmif;udk (31)
t&uform;,pfxkyf}uD;wdk@tm; &Gwfqdkaponf? xdk@aemuf
u,fwifEkdifpGrf;&Sdaom teE Wwefcdk;&Sif bk&m;ocifudk “ighudk,ft*F grsm;Y&Sdaom w&m;wyg;onf pdwf
,kH=unfa=umif; olwdk@tm; 0efcHap.? 0dnmOfw&m;udk qdkifòydifwdkufvSefojzifh ighudk,ft*F grsm;Y
‘bk&m;ocif’æ‘bk&m;ocif’udk udk;pm;v#if jzpf &Sdaomtjypfw&m;vufodk@ ighudkzrf;oGm;tyfESHonfudk
Ekdifonfæ TcH,lcsufonf u|efawmf.pdwfwGif;odk@ ¶kwf igjrif.? igonf òidjifaomoljzpfygonfwum;æ? Ttao
csnf;0ifa&mufvmonf? aumifrS ighudktb,folu,fv$wfrnfenf;-´” (a&mr/ 23/
“rif;rSm bk&m;ocif&Sdao;&Jhvm;azoGifæ´ [ifæ 24)
´ rif;udkcspf+yD;/ aysmufaomom;udk tdrfudkjyefvmbdk@ t+rJ ,ckt}udrfvJonfhtcg/ ,cifuxufydkIqdk;awmh
apmif h q k d if ; aewJ h tzbk & m;ocif & S d a eao;w,f q d k w m .? tonf;/ tpmtdrfomru tqkwfygraumif;awmh[k
owd&ao;&Jhvm; azoGif&mæ” qdkonf? ausmufuyfrsm;onfvnf; aumif;pGmtvkyf
u|efawmfhudk,fudk Todk@yif jyefIar;onf? rvkyfEkdifawmhojzifh ajcaxmufESpfzufpvkH;yg azga&mifae
aumif;pGm rajzEkdifyg? .? ESvkH;uvnf; wpfcsufwpfcsufckefaeonfrSm rrSefI
bk&m;ocifudk ,kH=unfr_uif;rJhaom u|efawmfh (Murmur)jzpfaeonf[kqdkonf? wpfudk,fvkH;0gxdefae.?
tbdk@ Tar;cGef;udk ,wdjywfrajzqdkEkdifyg? Za0Z0gom wyfwGif;aq;¶kHESifh ppfaq;¶kHodk@ roGm;&Jawmhyg?
jzpfaeaom pdwfxm;wdk@onf &ifwGif;Yjynfh=uyfvmojzifh “t&ufa=umifhjzpfwJha&m*gudk Adkvfrª;/ b,fq&m
oufjyif;&Snf}uD; r_wfxkwfvdkufrS oufom&m&oGm;ouJh 0ef q&mrurS apwemeJ@ rukay;csifawmhbl;” [laom
odk@ jzpfvmonf? Adkvfrª;wiftkef;.pum;udkom =um;a,mifaerd.?
ywf0ef;usif &Sd urBmavmu}uD;wpfckvk H;onf wyfrS cGifh&uf&Snf,lvdkufonf?
rdk;om;rsm;jzifh arSmifrJIvmacs+yD? v#yfyef;v#yfEG,frsm; rdom;pkq&m0efwpfOD;jzpfol a'gufwmomxifudk
0if;vufvm.? rdk;+cdrf;oH}uD;vnf; wcJeufjrnf[D;vm yifhzdwf&onf? ‘wdkiftdkwif’tonf;aq;rsm;ESifh tm;aq;
onf? rsm;udkta=umxJodk@ xnfhay;jyefonf?
tkH@r_dif;um rsufESm!dk@aecJhaom rdk;aumif;uifu od k@aomf u|efawmfhu G,f &mwG if acgif;cgonf?
rdk;a&aygufrsm;udk zspf!‡pfxkwfI jyif;jypGmidkcsvdkufjyefonf? “b,fenf;eJ@r# r&awmh”[k qdkacsonf? rdbrsm;/ rdom;pk
u|efawmf.ESvkH;om;udk rxdwxduvday;aeI rsm;}udwfI idk,dk=uonf?
wpwp/ w&d&daqG;ajrhemusnf;vmapouJhodk@yifæ u|efawmfaocgeD;qJqJ[k owif;=um;&IrdwfaqG
tdrf.tjyifbufwGif avonfw[l;[l;wdkufae tchsdKowif;vma&mufar;jref;onf? tchsdKu aooGm;+yD[k
.? rdk;a&aygufav;wdk@onf jyLwif;aygufrSefcsyfrsm;ay:odk@ owif;=um;&I csufcsif;ajy;vm=uonf?
ajy;0if¶dkufcwfvmonfESifhwòydifeuf rdk;a&vkH;av;rsm; q&mOD;br#ifudk,fwdkif r=umc%vma&muf qk
a=uysufòyduGJ=u+yD;/ rsuf&nfpD;a=umif;av;rsm;obG,f awmif;ay;onf? u|efawmfhtm; rnfonfhae@wGif oò*õ[f
jrifh&mrSedrfh&modk@ wa¶G@a¶G@pD;qif;vm=uukefonf? &rnfudkomt+rJrSef;qa&wGufaecJha=umif; aemufrSajymjy
rSefcsyfuav;rsm;ay:wGif rsuf&nfwdk@jzifh zdwfv#H onf?
&$ef;pdkaeouJhodk@jzpfIvnf; u|efawmf.&ifudkyef;vsv_dufzdk u|efawmfudk,fwkdifvnf;odaeonf? aorif;ac:&m
vmaponf? udkyJ vdkufawmhrnf[kqkH;jzwf+yD;jzpf.? rwwfEdkifawmhyg?
cyfvSrf;vSrf;rS opfyiftdk}uD;. tudkif;tcufrsm; azoGifawmh b0udkt¶_H;ay;vdkuf+yDav?
onf ao=uL;ol. vufwHajcwHrsm;uJhodk@ &rf;cgae.? + + + + + +
t¶dk;òydif;òydif;obG,fjzpfaeaom vufacsmif;}uD; “igwdk@ocif a,¶_c&pftm;jzifh u,fv$wf
rsm;udk ajr‡mufI vufeufcst¶_H;ay;ouJhodk@jzpfae.? awmfrlaombk&m;ocif. aus;Zl;awmf}uD;vSay.?”(a&m/
ava0S@vmwdkif; rdk;a&aygufwdk@jzmIvGifhvmonf? 7;25)
0g;yifysdKwdk@ wpfckESifhwpfck yGwfwdkufaeoHwdk@onf “vlwpfa,muf[m a&epfaew,fqdk=uygpdk@/ yxr
awmholzmomol¶kef;uef+yD;a&ay:rSmay:atmif óud;pm;ae “tJ'D t&ufykvif;udk z,fvdkufzdk@ tcufqkH;yJ?
wmyJ? aemufqkH; aumuf¶dk;yifav;awG@wmawmif vSrf;qGJ tJ'gudk rz,fEkdfifvdk@om 'Dvdkjzpfaewm r[kwfvm;æ”
OD;rSmyJ? 'gayr,fh ajcukefvufyrf;usvmawmh oludk,fwdkif “rz,fEkdifwmu cifAsm;cGeftm;eJ@ cifAsm;z,fae
vnf;rwwfEkdifawmhbl;? ulr,fhvl[m tem;udkul;cwf wmudk;/ c&pfawmf&JhcGeftm;eJ@qdk&if vG,fvG,fav;yJ? ‘ighudk
vmw,f? 'gayr,fh a&epfaewJhvl[m ,ufuef-,ufuef cGeftm;ESifhjynfhpkHapawmfrlaom c&pfawmftm;jzifh cyfodrf;
eJ@ vkyfaeor# tJ'Dvlyk*~dKvf[m ulEkdifrSmr[kwfbl;As? tJ'D aomtr_wdk@udk igwwfpGrf;Ekdif.?’ qdkwJh &Sifaygvk pum;awG
awmh a&xJuq,fay;r,fh yk*~dKvfu ‘cifAsm; ,ufuef udkcifAsm; arhaevdk@yJæ”
,ufuefvkyfraeeJ@/ av#mhay;vdkufyg’vdk@ ajymrSmyJ? cifAsm; o&m0D(vf)qifu Todk@0ifIajymvdkufygonf?
rav#mhray;rcsif;/ u,fEkdifrSmr[kwfbl;As? cifAsm; oabm [kwfygonf? ,cktcsdeftxd u|efawmfhcGeftm;jzifhom z,f
ayguf&Jhvm; udkazoGifæ” &Sm;&ef óud;pm;aeonfudkjzifh 0efcHvdkufyg.?
oefvsifòrd@rS OD;omxGef;a&$ESifho&m0Dvfqifodef; odk@aomf u|efawmf.tpfudk}uD;udk &ufpufpGm
wdk@u u|efawmfhxHvma&muf+yD; ajymae=uaompum;rsm; qGJac:oGm;aom bk&m;ocifudk rausrcsrf;jzpfaeao;onf?
jzpfonf? “avmu}uD ; rS m touf u mvtyd k i f ; tjcm;
‚if;wdk@ESpfOD;ESifh u|efawmf &if;ESD;pGmpum;ajym aqG; ‘b,favmuf’&SifcJhwm[m ta&;r}uD;bl;As? ‘b,fvdk’
aEG;cJhonfrSm &ufaygif;tawmfyif=umjrifhcJh+yDjzpf.? wpfOD; touf&SifcJh&w,fqdkwm jyefpOf;pm;=unfhygOD;? cifAsm;&Jh
ESifhwpfOD; raxmufrn‡m yGifhyGifhvif;vif;ajym=uonf? tpfudk}uD;eJ@rsm;wl&Jhvm;[if”
tm;remwrf;aqG;aEG;cJh=uonfrSm yGifhyGifhvif;vif;ajym=u OD;omxGef;a&$u yGifhyGifhvif;vif;yifajymvdkufjyef
onf? tm;remwrf; aqG;aEG;cJh=uonfrSm ae@wdkif;vdkvdkyif onf?
jzpfcJhonf? “aemuf+yD; cifAsm; tpfudk}uD;omrubl;? vlwdkif;
olwdk@ESifh aqG;aEG;cJh+yD;wkdif; pdwfxJY wpfrsdK;}uD; [m aojcif;w&m;udk &ifqkdif=u&rSmyJ? 'gayr,fh touf
jzpfvmonf? olwdk@axmufjyaom usrf;pum;rsm;udk zwf &Sifae&wJhtcsdefumvtwGif;rSm EkdifiHawmfeJ@ajzmifhrwfjcif;
cJhonf? qifjcifokH;oyfrdcJhonf? rausreyf/ em;rvnfor# w&m;udka&S;OD;pGm&SmcJhwJhvltbdk@aooGm;w,frsm; xif
ar;onf? ovm;´ c&pfawmf&Jh&ifcGifxJrSm jyefvnfEdk;x+yD; touf
tajctwifaqG;aEG;cJhonf? bk&m;ocifEkdifiHawmf o&zlud k aqmif;aewmudka umcifAsm;pOf;pm;=unf hrd& Jh
twGu f b mwpf ckr # raqmif= uOf; cJ h / usOf ; ajrmif ;aom vm;? ‘bk&m;ocif&Jh t}uHtpnfawmfawG[m qef;=u,f
ywf0ef ;usifYyif wpfu dk,f aumif;qefq eftouf& SifcJh w,f’ udkazoGif? vl@Om%feJ@ rrDEkdifbl;avæ”
onfudkjrifvmonf? pdwfxJY r¶dk;r&GjzpfvmaecJhonf? ol w d k @ ES p f O D ; . pH j ytouf w mwd k @ onf v nf ;
odk@aomf wpfcsdefvkH;rSm u|efawmfhtaejzifh t&uf u|efawmf.pdwfudk v_yf&Sm;aeaponf?
rjzwfEkdifao;? olwdk@ESifh aqG;aEG;aeapumrl t&ufudk OD;omxGef;a&$u quf+yD; aojcif;w&m;ESifh c&pf
qufvufaomufaeqJyif? ,mefwdk@. ,kH=unfr_tydkif;udk &Sif;jyaeawmhonf?
“tJæa&epfwJhvl[m/ cifAsm;yJ? ulr,fh yk*~dKvf[m bk&m;ociftay: Y u|efawmfxm;cJhaom oHo,
c&pfawmfyJ? cifAsm;[m oHo,pdwfawGeJ@ ¶kef;uefaeor# pdwfonf tenf;i,f&Sif;vif;pðyvmonf?
umvywfvkH;c&pfawmf[m cifAsm;udk ulnDEkdifrSmr[kwf q&m0D(vf)qifodef;u qufI ‘aiG&wwfaom
bl;?” vli,fav;’ta=umif;ajymonf? ol.tcspfjrwfEdk;qkH;/
u|efawmfu cyfrqdwfqufIom em;axmifae wefbdk; txm;qkH;/ r&Sdv#ifrjzpf[k ,lqxm;aomOpPm
ygonf? ypPnf;udk pGef@vªIaemufawmfodk@vkdufyg[k c&pfawmfu qdk
“cifAsm;ud k,fudk c&pfawmfvufx Judktyfxm; vdkufonfhtcg t¶_H;ay;xGufajy;oGm;a=umif;udk ajymawmh
vdkufyg? tav#mhay;vdkufyg? tomw=unf udk,fudkykHtyf onf?
vdkufyg? c&pfawmfuawmh arwWmtjynfht0eJ@vG,fvifh “tJæcifAsm;&JhtcspfjrwfEdk;qkH;/ r&Sd&ifrjzpfawmhbl;
wulq,fay;rSmyJ” vdk@ ,lqaewJht&ufykvif;udk c&pfawmfu awmif;aewmyJ?
“u|efawmf bk&m;ocifudk ,kHawmhwmrS r[kwf cifAsm; t¶_H;ay;+yD; xGufajy;OD;rSmvm;æ[if´”
bJ” “tJ'g ay;vdkuf&&ifawmhæ quf+yD; touf&Sif
“r[k wfbl; udkazoG ifæ r[k wfbl;? cifAsm;eJ@ &rSm tawmfhudkcJ,Of;oGm;vdrfhr,fvdk@ xifw,f? u|efawmf
bk&m;ocifudk umqD;xm;wJh tkwfwHwkdif;[m bmvJod u tJ'gr&Sd&if raeEkdifawmhbl;?”
vm; [ifæ t&ufykvif;yJAsæ t&ufykvif;? tJ'gudk z,f u|efawmfu Todk@¶dk;om;pGmyif 0efcHvdkufonf?
vdkufprf;yg? bk&m;ocifeJ@ jyef+yD; xdawG@vmvdrfhr,f” “tJ'gu cifAsm;xifaewmudk;? cifAsm;&Jhtouf
wm[m rcJ,Of;wJhtjyif/ vlwdk@Om%frrDEkdifwJh +idrfoufjcif; jyyg&apæ ”
omru/ ºuG ,f 0 wJ h toufw mjzpfv mvd rh f r,f qd kw m OD;omxGef;a&$u Todk@at;aq;pGmjzifh jyefajym
tmrcH&Jw,f? c&pfawmfu ‘ighxHodk@vm/ ighxHrSm enf;cH=u vdkufonf?
yg? ighxrf;ydk;onf xrf;vG,f.? igh0efvnf;aygh.’vdk@ qdkwm “vGefcJhwJh tESpf 20 avmufu e,;la&mufòrd@
bmudkajymaew,fxifovJæ´? cifAsm;wdk@vdk 0efav; bJ(vf) AsL;aq;¶kHrS m vufawGajcawGwkefae+yD; / t&uf
yifyef;aewJhvlawGudk zdwfac:aewmyJAs” a=umifhaocgeD;jzpfaewJh vlrrmwpfOD;&Sdw,f? ol@udk Oyrm
“cifAsm;&Jh toufwmxJrSm udk,fawmfa&mufvm xm;+yD; aq;¶kHudkvm=uwJhaq;ausmif;om;/ olemðyq&mr
&if xrf;ae&wJh xrf;ydk;udk udk,fawmfu 0ifxrf;ay;rSm rdk@vdk@ awG/ q&m0efawGudk t&ufujzpfvmwJha&m*gta=umif;
tJ'Dxrf;ydk;[m vG,fr,f/ 0efvnf;ayghr,fvdk@ ajymaewmyJ? &Sif;jycJh&w,f?”
cifAsm;[m tJ'Dvdk pGef@vªvdkuf&vdk@epfemoGm;r,frsm; xif “aq;ody`HtaeeJ@awmh b,fvdkenf;eJ@rS ukvdk@
aeovm;´ 'Dvdkxif&ifrSm;vdrfhr,fæudkazoGif? r,kH&if r&awmhwJhtwGuf vufav#mhvdkuf&+yDjzpfa=umif;/ tJ'D
prf;=unfhygAsm” vl}uD;[mr=umcifao&awmhr,fhta=umif; &Sif;jyae&
OD;omxGef;a&$u Todk@yif &J&JtmrcHaeygonf? w,f? tif;æaemufajymifovdkyJæ c&pfawmfudk,fwkdif
acwWapmifhae+yD;rS qufIajymjyef.? qif;vm+yD; ukawmhrSyJ&awmhr,fhta=umif;awmif ajymcJh
“c&pfawmfu ay;aewJhtoufwmeJ@ udk,fawmf&Jh &w,favæ”
xrf;ydk;[mav ¶kef;uefaewJhvltzdk@ odyfav;vHygw,f u|efawmfu rwkefrv_yfbJ pl;pdkufIom em;axmif
udkazoGif/ ¶kef;uefavav ydk+yD;av;avavyJ? tukefvkH; aeonf?
ykH t yf v dk u f+ yD ; vuf cHv d ku f wJ h vl t bd k @ tJ 'D x rf ; yd k ;[m u|ef a wmf . a&m*grsm;ud k j yef I owd & rd o nf ?
tifr wefa ygha ewm awG@&ygvdr fh r,f? tJ' g u|ef awmf txl;ojzifh ESvkH;om;bufY atmifhaeojzifh touf¶ªI
ajymaewmr[kwfbl;? c&pfa wmfajymcJhwm/ c&pfawmf r0bJ&Sdaeonf? tonf;rSm rmawmifhae+yD;/ 0rf;ydkufwjcrf;
tmrcHcJhwm? c&pfawmf&Jhxrf;ydk;udk xrf;vm+yD; touf vkH;rSm txdrcHEkdifavmufatmif a&mifaeonf?
paw;cHcJh=uwJh a&S;oef@&Sif;ol‘rmwk&’}uD;awGajymcJhwmyJ “tJ'Dvl}uD;[m wpfae@ aq;¶kHuqif;oGm;w,f?
udkazoGifæ” t&ufawGcyfrl;rl;eJ@yJ 0wfðypnf;a0;wpfckudk rxifrrSwfbJ
u|efawmfjyefI pOf;pm;rdonf? 'kuQaygif;rsm;pGm a&mufoGm;w,f? w&m;yv†ifay:u ajymaewmudk em;
udkcH+yD; tusOf;cHae&pOfyif oDcsif;qdkaeEkdifcJhaom &Sifaygvk axmif=unfhw,f? c&pfawmfudk ,kH=unfv#if t&mcyfodrf;
ESifh odvwdk@udk jrifrdonf? jzpfEkdifw,fqdkwm tJ'Dae&mrSmwif ,kH=unfoGm;+yD;/ vuf
jcaoFhrsm;. yg;pyfwGif;Yyifv#if oDcsif;qdk&if;ESifh awmfxJudkykHtyfvdkufbdk@ qkH;jzwfvdkufw,fAsæ”
toufaocHcJh=uonfh ‘rmwk&’rsm;? u|efawmfpdwf0ifpm;pGm em;axmifaeonfudk awG@
um;wdkifay: Y apmufxdk;rdk;ajr‡mfqGJcdkif;+yD;/ taocH &I tm;&yg;& qufajymawmhonf?
cJhonfh ‘&Sifayw¶k’? òyH;&$ifaomrsufESmjzifh c&pfawmf. “ðAef;qdk tJ'Dvl}uD;[m rwfwwfx+yD;/ yv†ifa&S@udk
um;wdkifudk xrf;vmcJhonfh ‘,kH=unfjcif;ol&Jaumif;rsm;’ av#muf oGm;w,f? 'D ae@up+yD; c&pfawmf&JhvufxJudk
udk jyefIowd&awG;qrdvmonf? tyfvdkuf+yD? ol@twGuf r&Sd&ifrjzpfaom t&ufudkay;tyf
“Edk@æ aeprf;ygOD;/ t&ufjzwfvdkufwmeJ@ ,pfxkyf vdkuf+yDvdk@ ausnmvdkufawmhæ? reufjzefus rl;aeOD;rSm
t&uform;}uD;awG[m wa&Smifa&SmifeJ@aooGm;wwf=u yJavvdk@om xif=uwmaygh?”
wmyJ? u|efawmfhtwGufvnf; tJ'DvdkyJ pdk;&drfaewJhvlawG “tJæ'gayr,fh tJ'Dae@up+yD;/ 'Dae@txd t&uf
wchsdK&Sdw,fav” raomufawmhbl;AsdK@? q&m0efawGu vufzsm;cgcJh&w,f?
u|efawmfu rSefonfhtwkdif; zGifhajymvdkufjyef tJ'Dvl[m t&ufraomufawmhwJhtjyif toif;awmfrSm
onf? u|efawmfawG@cJhbl;aom t&uform;rsm; aemufydkif; tifrwefrStbdk;wefwJhtr_awmfaqmif}uD;jzpfvmw,f?
Y rwwfEkdifbJ jyefIaomufaeonfudk awG@bl;onf? tchsdK ‘[ife&Drdkifvef’qdkwJhvlyJ? a['DrSm ol@&JhoufaocHcsuf?
rSm a&m*gtrsdK;rsdK;jzifh aooGm;=uonfudk jrifbl;.? tchsdKu ol@vdkyJ ‘c&pfawmf&Jhwefcdk;awmf’udk ,kHpm;+yD;/ ajymif;vm
rdrdudk,fudkyif qGJóud;csaooGm;=uonf? wJh vlawG[m ra&rwGufEk difb l;r[k wfvm; udk azoG if?
“tJ'g cifAsm;rSm;aewmaygh/ c&pfawmf&Jhwefcdk; ‘c&pfawmf&Jhwefcdk;awmf’[m aq;ody`Hxuf }uD;rm;vSyg
awmfudk cifAsm;u oHo,&Sdaevdk@rjzpfbl;? 'DrSm udkazoGif w,fAsm”
æ c&pf awmf [mav [d kE Sp fa ygif ;ESpf axmifw ke f; uwif “c&pf a wmf [ m um;wk d if a y:uae cif A sm;ud k
edrdwfvuQ%mjyaewm r[kwfbl;? tckvnf; jyaeao; csJvif;(csf)vkyfaew,f udkazoGif? cifAsm; tJ'gudk vufcH
w,f? oufaocHcsufawGqdkwm 'keJ@a';yJ? OyrmwpfckyJ &Jvm;æ”
u|efawmf.pdwfxJY axmif;ueJrcHr&yfEkdifjzpfoGm; “tqdyf&nfykvif;”
onf? wpfbufwGif =uifemEl;nHhvSaom u¶k%mjzLvG/
OD;omxGef;a&$ajymIt+yD;wGif o&m0D(vf)qifu at;jr/ pdrf;vef; pdkajyvSaom arwWmawmfjzifh vufudk
csJvif;(csf)pum;udk ajymvdkufojzifh/ u|efawmf.pdwfudk urf;vSrf;ay;aeonfhc&pfawmfæ?
wkefv_yfacsmufcsm;oGm;aponf? tHudk}udwfvdkufrdonf? u|efawmfwdk@twGuf xdk;azgufjcif;cHcJh&I aoG;rsm;
u|efawmfwdk@xdkifaeaomtcef;wpfckvkH; wdwf pdrfh,dkcJh&&Smaom vufawmfæ
qdwf+idrfoufvsuf&Sdonf? “cifAsm;&Jh toufwm[m cJ,Of;+yD;/ 0efav;ae
jyLwif;aygufwGif;rS xdk;azguf0ifa&mufvmaom r,frsm;xifovm;/ cifAsm;rSm;vdrfhr,fæ? c&pfawmf[m
aea&mifjcnfav;onf =urf;jyifESifhxdawG@vdkufonfh wòydif cifAsm;eJ@twl &yfwnf+yD; az;rygvdrfhr,fæ”
eufa&mifjcnfrsm;jzmxGufvm+yD;/ tcef;.eH&HESifh rsufESm “qufuyfvdkufyg udkazoGifæ”
=uufrsm;qDodk@ a&mifjyef[yfI aeaponf? “toufwmudk ay;tyfvdkufyg”
toufwmxJwGif r&Sdv#if rjzpfawmhonfh t&uf “tck ay;tyfvdkufygæ”
ykvif;udktu,fI c&pfawmftm; ay;tyfvdkufv#if rnfodk@ “c&pfawmftm;jzifh t&mcyfodrf;udk cifAsm; wwf
jzpfvmrnfvJ´ wpfcsdefwnf;rSmyif um;wdkifay:rS euf¶d_if; pGrf;Ekdifygw,f?”
=unfv if/ oef@pif vS aom c&pf awmf . arwW m awmf u “toufwmudk ¹cGif;csufr&Sd ykHtyfvdkufygawmhæ”
u|efawmfhtm; tEkdiftxufaoG;aqmifaejyefygonf? rsufpdzGifh=unfhvdkufonf? rsufpdrSdwfI qkawmif;
um;wkdifonf at;jr=unfvifvSaom xdkarwWm ae=uaom OD;omxGef;a&$ESifh o&m0D(vf)qifwdk@udk awG@vdkuf
awmf.jy,k*fwpfckyifwnf;? &onf? o&m0D(vf)qifu vuftkyfcsDI acgif;ikH@xm;onf?
rsufpdrSdwfxm;+yD;/ qufvufawG;awmaerdonf? “uJæu|efawmfqkH;jzwfcsufcsvdkufyg+yD”
vlwdkif;u vufav#mhxm;cJh&onfh ,pfxkyf}uD;rsm;yif ol w d k @ ES p f O D ; pvk H ; rsuf v k H ; ud k ¶k w f c snf ; zG i f h I
c&pfawmftm;jzifh wpfa,muf+yD;wpfa,mufajymif;vJvm u|efawmfhtm;pdkuf=unfhae=uonf?
onfudk oufaocHcsufaygif;rsm;pGm awG@cJh&bl;onf? “uJæ c&pfawmf&Jh vufxJudk u|efawmf&Jhtouf
“cifAsm;&Jh toufwmudkom ykHtyfvdkufyg? a&epf wmykHtyfvdkufygawmhr,f”
wJhvl[m ¶kef;uefae&if u,fvdk@&rSmr[kwfbl;?” u|efawmf. toJESvkH;wGif;rS v_dufvSJeifheJwkefckduf
xdkpum;onf u|efawmf.toJESvkH;udk qkyfIcgI pGm xGufay:vmaomtoHav;onf tcef;eH&Hrsm;qDodk@
aeonf? qdkifu,fjyifqdkifrS tdrfaxmif0wfðypnf;a0;vkyf ajy;+yD; ¶dkufcwfoGm;cg u|efawmf&Sd&modk@ yJhwifxyfI jyef
aeonfh rdom;pkudk jyefvnfowd&rdjyefonf? vmonf?
“a&v$rf;tm;}uD;/ ywfvnfòydaomf o&m0D(vf)qifu rsufpdjyefrSdwfoGm;+yD;wdk;wdk;av;
*wd/ yËdnmOfESifhaoG;awmf qkawmif;aejyefawmhonf?
ighudkaxmufr/ udk,fawmfomv#if “'gwifruao;bl; vlopf/ pdwfopf jzpfvmwmeJ@
ighajr‡mfvifhjcif; rSD0J&myif?” wòydifeuf ywf0ef;usifudkyg wpfcgwnf;ajymif;vJypfvdkuf
oDcsif;oHav;u avxJYvGifhyg;vmjyefonf? 0ef r,f? vlopftaeeJ@ ywf0ef;usiftopfrSm touf&Sifawmh
av;Iyifyef;idk¶d_ufaeolrsm;udk =unfvifòyH;¶$ifaomrsufESm r,f? u|efawmfhrSm&SdwJhOm%f/ owWd/ óud;pm;r_/ yifudk,f
jzifh zdwfac:aeaomc&pfawmfudk jrifa,mifvmonf? tpG r f ; tptm;vk H ; ud k wjcm;rS m tok H ; ðyaer,f h t pm;/
xdkolrsm;twGuf udk,fawmfhrSmæaoG;æac|;ærsuf bk&m;ocifEkdifiHawmftwGuf jzpfvmap&r,fæ”
&nfwdk@,dkpdrfhcJh&&Smonf? “c&pfawmfom u|efawmf&Jh 'Db0u u,fwif
a&mr(13;12-13)xJrS “nOfhtcsdefrS ae@tcsdef/ vdkufr,fqdkwmeJ@ u|efawmf[m ‘c&pfawmf&Jhu|ef’tjzpf
tdyfaysmf&mrS Edk;&aomtcsdef/ arSmifrdkuf.tusifhrS tvif; eJ@ tapcH+yD; aus;Zl;jyefqyfygawmhr,f? wyfrawmfxJu
. vufeufpkH 0wfqif&efudk‚if;/ yGJvkyfjcif;/ ,pfrsdK;aomuf xGuf+yD; tr_awmfaqmifvkyfyghr,f? usrf;pmausmif;wuf
usL;jcif;/ ponfwdk@=uOfa&SmifI ae@tcsdefuJhodk@ wifhw,f r,f? udk,fawmftokH;ðycsifovdk u|efawmfhudk tokH;ðyEkdif
avsmufy wfp G mðyusif h& ef” [l aom &S ifa ygvk . pum;/ ygw,f?”
&Sif=o*wfpwif;udkajymif;vJvm&ef E_d;qGay;cJhonfhpum; rsufpdrSdwfxm;aom o&m0D(vf)qifu vuftkyf
wdk@onf pdwfxJY&pf0Jay:aygufvmjyefonf? csDxm;&if; ‘[mavvk,’[k wdk;wdk;av;a&&GwfqdkoHudk
pdwfwGif;Y }uD;pGmaom yËdyuQr_vnf;jzpfay:vm =um;vdkuf&ygonf?
aeonf? wpfbufu vlaoacgif;¶dk;/ =uufajccwfxm;aom “udk,fawmf&,fæææaysmufaomom; jyefvmyg
t¶dk;ESpfacsmif; ¶kyfykHwHqdyfESifh yljyif;avmifòrdufaeapaom +yDudk,fawmf&,fæææ”
u|efawmf.yg;jyifwGif rsuf&nfrsm; pdrfhjzmaeonf? a,mifaerdonf?
tm;vkH;acwW wdwfqdwfae=ujyefonf? jyLwif; ok H ; OD ; om; yXemawmf u d k quf I qd k = uonf ?
aygufrS vdkufumav;rSm vGifhyg;vm+yD;/ avajyav;w[l; qkawmif;+yD;onfhaemuf o&m0D(vf)qifu rwfwwf&yf
[l;jznf;jznf;csif; wdkufcwfaeonf? iSufuav;rsm;u vdkufonf? ol.rsufESmwGif òyH;a&mifoef;ae.? vufudk
toHwpmpmav;jzifh aw;oHusL;&ifhae=uonf? =obmoH urf;vSrf;ay;vdkufojzifh vufqGJE_wfqufvdkufonf?
ay;aeouJhodk@yif? “uJæudkazoGifæ 'Duae@up+yD; pmwefudk wefjyef
aea&mifjcnfxJwGif jrLr_efuav;rsm; uckefae=u xdk;ppfqifE$Jbdk@ ppfa=unmvdkuf+yD? cifAsm;&Jh tqdyf&nf
onf? ykvif;awGb,fem;rSm xm;ovJæ´”
“qkawmif;=u&atmif” t&ufykvif;rsm;&Sd&modk@ vuf!‡dK;xdk;jyvdkufonf?
OD;omxGef;a&$u ajymvdkufojzifh okH;a,mufom; o&m0D ( vf ) qif ajz;n‡ if ; pG m av#muf o Gm ;+yD; /
'l;axmufvdkuf=uonf? acwWtm¶kHðyae+yD;rS OD;omxGef; a&S@OD;pGm xkwf,lvmaom ykvif;rSm tdk;(vf)b&ef'Dykvif;
a&$u pIqkawmif;vdkufonf? jzpfonf? vufokH;vkH;cef@om aomuf&ao;onfjzpf&m
“arwW m awmf & S i f t zbk & m;/ aemif w &vsuf ykvif;.av;ykHokH;ykHcef@usefaeao;.?
,kH=unfjcif;jzifh xHawmfodk@jyefvnfwdk;0if csOf;uyfvmaom o&m0D(vf)qifonf b&ef'Dykvif;udk vnfrsdKrS
udk,fawmf. om;}uD;udk vufcHawmfrlyg? udk,fawmf&Sif udkif+yD; q˜=unfhonf? xdk@aemuf jyLwif;ayguf&Sd&modk@
rwwfEkdifaomt&m wpfpkHwpf&mr#r&Sdonfudk om;orD; wpfvSrf;csif;av#mufoGm;+yD;v#if us,favmifaomtoH
wdk@ ,kH=unf=uyg.?” }uD;jzifh [pfatmfaºuG;a=umfvdkufawmh.?
qdk;0g;vSaom Ta&m*g}uD;udk aysmufap¶kHru/ “tcsif; pmwefæighaemufodk@ qkwfavmh”
Ek d i f i H a wmf t wG u f t ok H ; usaomtr_ a wmf a qmif tHudk}udwfI ykvif;udkajr‡mufvsuf jyLwif;ayguf
wpfa,muf jzpfvmonfhwkdifatmif udkazoGiftm; tokH;ðy abmifay:odk@ ¶dkufcGJvdkuf&m‘azgif;’[laom toH}uD;ESifh
awmfrlyg? twl ykvif;uGJtprsm;ESifh tqdyf&nfrsm;=urf;jyifay: Y
vufawmfxJodk@ u|efawmfrsdK;wdk@. udk,fcE<m/ pdwf/ }uJjyef@xGufoGm;onf? tqdyf&nfrsm;onf =urf;ay: Y
0dnmOfokH;yg;pvkH;udkvnf; qufuyf=uyg+yDbk&m;? ?tmrif;? &$JoGm;+yD;onfhaemuf a&pD;acsmif;rsm;obG,f jrifh&mrSedrfh
OD;omxGef;a&$.qkawmif;+yD;onfESifh o&m0D(vf) &modk@ wajz;ajz;pD;qif;vm=uukefonf?
qifu qufI qkawmif;jyefonf? aus;Zl;awmfudk csD;rGrf; ‘azgif;’‘azgif;’‘azgif;’[lI useft&ufykvif;rsm;
+yD;/ cGeftm;udkawmif;cHonf? ¶dkufcGJoHwdk@onfvnf; qufwdkufay:xGufvmonf?
vmrnfhae@&ufrsm;wGif u|efawmfhtbdk@jyif;xef yx0Dajr}uD;onf tdk;xdef;pufuJhodk@ csmcsmvnf
aomwdkufyGJrsm; qifE$J&OD;rnfudk odojzifh u|efawmf.pdwf oGm;onf[k xif&onf?
wGif;odk@ 0ifa&mufvmrnfhpkHprf;jcif;rSefor#udk atmifEkdif o&m0D(vf)qif atmfvdkufaomtoH}uD;rsm;ESifh
apjcif;iSg cGeftm;udkay;&eff ¶dkaopGmav#mufxm;onf? twlykvif;uGJ,SoHwdk@onfvnf; wpftdrfvkH;yJhwifxyf
qk a wmif ; aepOf t wG if ; =uufo D ; arG ; nif; rsm; oGm;onf?
vnf; xrvmyg? udk,fcE<mwGif xl;jcm;aomcHpm;csuf/ xdktoHwdk@onf rdk;+cdrf;oHuJhodk@ us,favmifvS
pdwfxJYvnf; xl;uJaomv_yf&Sm;r_rsm; jzpfrvmyg? aomjrnf[D;oH}uD;ESifhwlvS+yD; ywf0ef;usifwGif toHv_dif;
odk@aomf u|efawmf.pdwfESdrfhcspGm/ ,kH=unftm;udk; *,ufrsm;xoGm;aponf?
pGm/ ¶dk;om;ajzmifhrwfpGm awmif;yefwdk;v#dK;r_udkjzifh udk,f toHv_dif;wGef@wdk@onfvnf; qifhuJqifhuJa0[if
awmfonf vufcH+yD;/ ulnDrnfudkom taotcsm,kH=unf odk@ ysH@vGifhoGm;+yD; aumif;uifbkH&Siftzbk&m;.yv†ifawmf
cJhonf? ajc&if;txdwufI/ wufIxGufoGm;ygawmh.?
xdkodk@aom ,kH=unfjcif;rsdK;jzifhom vufawmfxJ “ighudk cGeftm;ESifh jynfhpkHapawmfrlaom c&pfawmf
odk@ ¹cGif;csufr&Sd tyfESHvdkufjcif;omjzpfyg.? tm;jzifh cyfodrf;aomtr_wdk@udk igwwfpGrf;Ekdif.?”(zdvdyd̀/
vGefcJhaomtjypfrsm;udk awmif;yef0efcs=uonf? 4;13)
‘oifwdk@tjypfonf eDaomtqif;&Sdaomfvnf; jyif;xefvSaomb0.wdkufyGJwpf&yfudk atmifEkdif
rdk;yGifhuJhodk@jzLvdrfhrnf? uwWDygESifhtr# eDaomfvnf; odk;ar$; apcJhaom c&pfawmf.emrawmfonf umvpOfquf bkef;
uJhodk@ jzpfvdrfhrnf’[laom usrf;pum;onf u|efawmf. }uD;awmfrlapownf;?
pdwfxJYay:xGufvmonf? arwWmrGefjzifh
“&Sdonftwkdif;om ighxHodk@vmcJhygawmh cspfom; azoGif
&,fæ”[laom c&pfawmf. nifomvSonfhtoHudk =um;
pmrlrsm;zdwfac: jcif;/
jrefrmc&pf,mef pmapmifwGif EdkifiHa&;/ vlrsdK;a&;/

yk*~dKvfa&;/ bmoma&;ESifh *dk%f;*%rsm; tcsif;csif; xdcdkuf
apr_uif;aom/ uAsm/ aqmif;yg;/ "gwfykH/ oufaocHcsuf/
owif;wdkxGmrsm;udkay;ydk‹yg&ef c&pfawmf. emrawmfjrwf
Y zdwfac:tyfygonf?
Tpmapmif u d k vpOf y k H r S e f t vd k & S d a omol r sm;/

ouf q dk if &m rd r dw d k‹ .toif ;awmf t oD ; oD ; Yaomf‚if; /
atmufaz: jyygvdyfpmYaomf‚if;/ rSm=um;Edkifygonf?
To. _______________________
_______________________
_______________________
Myanmar Christian Communication Service

10-7 Ishijima
White Villa Toyocho 505
Koto-ku 135-0014
Tokyo, Japan
- &  - 03-6458-7869
e - haukhek@yahoo.com
e - lianthang@hotmail.com
http://mcbulletinjapan.blogspot.com

Communication Bulletin: Myanmar Christian Communication Services

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Established since April 2000

"They stood at a distance and called out in a loud voice, "Jesus,

2? bk&m;ocif.toHawmfrnfuJhodk@ =um;&rnfenf;/ (Abraham Fitzpatrick) ? 8

5? 0dnmOfawmf.az: jyr_udk tav;xm;I/ (Rev. Dr. Tin Maung Tun) ? 17

6? E_wfuywfawmfudk cH,lvdkufav#muf+yD;rS/ (Bro: U Tin Maung Kyi) ? 19

7? yef;uav;rsm;rEGrf;apcsif/ (Adkfvfrª;azoGif- t+idrf;pm;a&wyfAdkvf) ? 22

Myanmar Christian Communication Services

,ckvpmapmifjzpfajrmufa&;twGuf tvªaiGtm;jzifhyg0ifaom M. Zau Htoi

2? csif;jynfe,fajrmufydkif;/ wD;wdefòrd@wGif tar&duefomoemðyq&mawmf}uD; Rev. Dr. Joseph Herbert Cope

3? syefEkdifiH/ wdkusdKòrd@/ &SDemg0g&yf/ a*:wif;&mr&Sd Zomi Christian Fellowship (ZCF-Japan) toif;awmfY

4? t*Fvefjynfh&Sif bk&ifr}uD; tJvDZbuf.ajr;awmf/ tdrfa&S@rif;om; a0vòrd@pm; csm;vfpfESifh 1997 ckESpfu

jrefrmc&pf,mef pmapmifwGif EdkifiHa&;/ vlrsdK;a&;/

Tpmapmif u d k vpOf y k H r S e f t vd k & S d a omol r sm;/

Myanmar Christian Communication Service

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