Tutorial 4 Cryptography Algorithms in JAVA: Objectives

Tutorial 4 Cryptography Algorithms
Tutorial 4 Cryptography Algorithms in JAVA
Objectives
Getting started with Java
Basic Java Programming
Java Cryptography Extension
Using Java to encrypt and decrypt text files
Exercises
Tutorial for CS 5285 Information Security for E-commerce 1

1 Getting started with Java
1.1 Something about Java
 A programming Language developed by Sun

Microsystems
 Object Oriented, platform-independent, interpreted,
multithreading ……
 A Java source program is compiled to Java byte-code.
 A Java virtual machine sitting on each platform,
interpreting Java byte-code to local machine
instructions and executing them
 Two kinds of Java program:

(1) java application
 Run on local machine, no need to embed it into
HTML
 Have full access to all machine resources (disk!)
(2) java program

 It is application on the Internet
 You must embed it into HTML pages to run it.
 Secure, no access outside virtual machine

1.2 Major steps for running java program
 Edit source program.
You can use NotePad or other Editor program to write

your source program
 compile your java program to byte code(e.g. your java

program is program.java)
javac program.java
 run your program (application or applet)
a) Application
java program
b) Applet
First, you should write a HTML file (e.g. program.html)
to invoke this java apple, then you can use appletviewer
program.html or use IE, Netscape to open this HTML file.
Alternatively, you may use commercially available

visual environment such as Jbuilder:
http://www.borland.com/jbuilder/
Java Java Native

Java Java
Source Byte machine
Compiler Virtual
Code Code Instruction
Machine

Examples
 One simple java application
import java.io.*;
public class HelloKitty {
public static void main(String args[]) {
System.out.println(“HelloKitty”);
}
}
 One simple java applet
import java.applet.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class HelloKitty2 extends Applet {

public void paint(Graphics g) {
g.drawString("Hello Kitty",10,10);
}
}
write a html file to embed this applet
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>A HTML to test applet</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<applet code="HelloKitty2.class" Width="80" Height="100">
</applet>
</BODY>
</HTML>

2 Basic Java Programming
Because this course is not a program designing course, we

don’t teach the details of Java programming. You can
check following URL to get useful materials.
 Javasoft & Sun: http://www.javasoft.com & www.sun.com
 Developer.com: http://java.developer.com
Download the tutorial:

http://web2.java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/information/d
ownload.html
Furthermore, you can find a lot of books on java in the

library.
You should grasp a lot of basic knowledge about java

programming, such as variables, constants, Arithmetic,
Relational, Shift, Logical and Conditional operators,
Control statements (including selection statements,
repetition statements and Exception Handling Statements)
, and some advanced techniques in java (such as AWT,
multi-thread, socket).

3 Java Cryptography Extension
The standard Java Development Kit comes with a security

framework called the Java Cryptography Architecture
(JCA).
To encrypt or decrypt data, you must use the Java

Cryptography Extension (JCE) or a third-party encryption
library. JCE has been integrated into the JavaTM2 SDK,
Standard Edition, v 1.4, or you can download the JCE from
Sun at http://java.sun.com/products/jce/index.html
The Java Security API is a set of packages that are used for
writing secure programs in Java. In particular, the classes
and interfaces in the following packages are part of the
Security API:
java.security.Key
java.security.PrivateKey Use to encrypt and sign
java.security.PublicKey messages
javax.crypto.SecretKey
java.crypto.Cipher Cipher
java.security.MessageDigest Message digest function
java.security.Signature Digital signature
java.security.cert.Certificate Authentication
java.security.KeyFactory
Symmetric Keys and
javax.crypto.KeyAgreement
Asymmetric Keys
javax.crypto.KeyGenerator
management
javax.crypto.SecretKeyFactory
Secure random number
java.security.SecureRandom
generator
Javax.crypto.Mac Message Authentication Code

4 Using Java to encrypt and decrypt text files
4.1 An application to encrypt text files
import java.io.*;
import javax.crypto.*;
import javax.crypto.spec.*;
public class EncryptFile {

if (args.length < 1) {
System.out.println("Usage: java EncryptFile <file name>");
System.exit(-1);
}
try {
File desFile = new File("encrypt.des");
FileInputStream fis;
FileOutputStream fos;
CipherInputStream cis;
// Creation of Secret key

byte key[] = "abcdEFGH".getBytes();
SecretKeySpec secretKey = new SecretKeySpec(key,"DES");
// Creation of Cipher objects

Cipher encrypt =
Cipher.getInstance("DES/ECB/PKCS5Padding");
encrypt.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, secretKey);
// Open the Plaintext file

try {
fis = new FileInputStream(args[0]);

} catch(IOException err) {
System.out.println("Cannot open file!");
System.exit(-1);
}
cis = new CipherInputStream(fis, encrypt);
// Write to the Encrypted file

fos = new FileOutputStream(desFile);
byte[] b = new byte[8];
int i = cis.read(b);
while (i != -1) {
fos.write(b, 0, i);
i = cis.read(b);
}
fos.flush();
fos.close();
cis.close();
fis.close();
} catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
4.2 An application to decrypt text files
import java.io.*;
import javax.crypto.*;
import javax.crypto.spec.*;
public class DecryptFile {

try {
File desFile = new File("encrypt.des");
File desFileBis = new File("decrypt.des");

FileInputStream fis;
FileOutputStream fos;
CipherInputStream cis;
// Creation of Secret key

byte key[] = "abcdEFGH".getBytes();
SecretKeySpec secretKey = new SecretKeySpec(key,"DES");
// Creation of Cipher objects

Cipher decrypt =
Cipher.getInstance("DES/ECB/PKCS5Padding");
decrypt.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, secretKey);
// Open the Encrypted file

fis = new FileInputStream(desFile);
cis = new CipherInputStream(fis, decrypt);
// Write to the Decrypted file

fos = new FileOutputStream(desFileBis);
byte[] b = new byte[8];
int i = cis.read(b);
while (i != -1) {
fos.write(b, 0, i);
i = cis.read(b);
}
fos.flush();
fos.close();
cis.close();
fis.close();
} catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

4.3 An application to retrieve web pages
import java.net.*;
import java.io.*;
public class UrlRetriever {

public static void main(String[] args) {
if (args.length!=1) {
System.out.println("Usage: UrlRetriever <URL>");
System.exit(-1);
}
try {
URL url=new URL(args[0]);
BufferedInputStream buffer=new
BufferedInputStream(url.openStream());
DataInputStream in= new DataInputStream(buffer);

String line;
while ((line=in.readLine())!=null)
System.out.println(line);
in.close();
} catch(MalformedURLException mue) {
System.out.println(args[0]+"is an invalid URL:"+mue);
} catch(IOException ioe) {
System.out.println("IOException: "+ioe);
}
}
}

5 Exercises
 Run the programs above

 Check if you can supply a key as user input?
 What other encryption algorithms you may use? And Try
them.

 Write a java program to retrieve the HTML file at URL

http://www.cs.cityu.edu.hk/~deng/ , encrypt the contents
and store it into a local file “deng.enc”, then decrypt the
file “deng.enc” and store it into a local file “deng.dec”.
 Try to encrypt your emails sent to your friends.

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Tutorial 4 Cryptography Algorithms

Tutorial 4 Cryptography Algorithms in JAVA

Getting started with Java

Basic Java Programming

Java Cryptography Extension

Using Java to encrypt and decrypt text files

Tutorial for CS 5285 Information Security for E-commerce 1

1 Getting started with Java

1.1 Something about Java

 A programming Language developed by Sun

 Two kinds of Java program:

(2) java program

Tutorial for CS 5285 Information Security for E-commerce 2

1.2 Major steps for running java program

 Edit source program.

You can use NotePad or other Editor program to write

 compile your java program to byte code(e.g. your java

Alternatively, you may use commercially available

Java Java Native

Tutorial for CS 5285 Information Security for E-commerce 3

 One simple java application

 One simple java applet

public class HelloKitty2 extends Applet {

write a html file to embed this applet

Tutorial for CS 5285 Information Security for E-commerce 4

2 Basic Java Programming

Because this course is not a program designing course, we

 Javasoft & Sun: http://www.javasoft.com & www.sun.com

Download the tutorial:

Furthermore, you can find a lot of books on java in the

You should grasp a lot of basic knowledge about java

Tutorial for CS 5285 Information Security for E-commerce 5

3 Java Cryptography Extension

The standard Java Development Kit comes with a security

To encrypt or decrypt data, you must use the Java

Tutorial for CS 5285 Information Security for E-commerce 6

4 Using Java to encrypt and decrypt text files

4.1 An application to encrypt text files

public class EncryptFile {

// Creation of Secret key

// Creation of Cipher objects

// Open the Plaintext file

Tutorial for CS 5285 Information Security for E-commerce 7

// Write to the Encrypted file

4.2 An application to decrypt text files

public class DecryptFile {

Tutorial for CS 5285 Information Security for E-commerce 8

// Creation of Secret key

// Creation of Cipher objects

// Open the Encrypted file

// Write to the Decrypted file

Tutorial for CS 5285 Information Security for E-commerce 9

4.3 An application to retrieve web pages

public class UrlRetriever {

DataInputStream in= new DataInputStream(buffer);

Tutorial for CS 5285 Information Security for E-commerce 10

 Run the programs above