Sumbolismì

O r = R1 Γ3 r = R2 r

W
z=z s * Ω
Γ Γ2
Γ4 i R
z=z
*
S
z=zL Ω
*
n
R
z=H
z=H
L
Γ1
n

Ω = Ωw (nerì) ∪ Ωs (zhma): to qwro ma pou perikleetai (gia R1 < r < R2 ) apì ta:

Γ1 : Pujmèna ,

Γ2 Outflow
: sÔnoro (dex),

Γ3 : Epifˆneia,

Γ4 Inflow
: sÔnoro (aris terì).

O pujmèna kai h diepifˆneia s to r = R 1 Γ4 ( ) brskontai se bˆjh z = HL kai z = z∗L ,

ants toiqa.

O pujmèna kai h diepifˆneia s to r = R 2 Γ4 ( ) brskontai se bˆjh z = HR kai z = z∗R ,

ants toiqa.

H phg  brsketai se bˆjo z = zs mèsa s to nerì (dhl. 0 < zs < z∗L ).

Asjen  diatÔpwsh

'Eqoume thn exswsh Helmholtz s to Ω

∆p + k 2 p = 0. (1)

H (1) efodiˆzetai me ti sunoriakè sunj ke p=0 s to Γ3 (epifˆneia) kai ∂p/∂n = 0 s to

Γ1 (pujmèna ).

'Es tw v katˆllhlh sunˆrthsh ( test function ) (me v=0 s to Γ3 ). Poll/zei thn (1) me

v kai oloklhr¸nei pˆnw s to Ω

, opìte parnei ( formally )

1
 Z Z
∆(r,z) p v r drdz + k 2 p v r drdz = 0
Ω Ω
Z Z Z
2 ∂p
⇒ − ∇p · ∇v r drdz + k p v r drdz + v r dγ = 0
Ω Ω ∂Ω ∂n
Z Z
− ∇p · ∇v r drdz + k 2 p v r drdz
sun. sunj.
⇒
ZΩ Z Ω
∂p ∂p
+ v R2 dz − v R1 dz = 0,
Γ2 ∂r Γ4 ∂r

ìpou ∆(r,z) p = prr + 1r pr + pzz kai ∇p = (pr , pz ) .

'Es tw t¸ra V o q¸ro twn migadik¸n sunart sewn v , pou orzontai s to Ω, mhdenzontai

R R
s to Γ3 , kai enai t.w.
Ω
|v|2 rdzdr < ∞ kai
Ω
(|vr |2 + |vz |2 )rdzdr < ∞ . Tìte h asjen 

diatÔpwsh tou probl mato enai hp∈Vex  : AnazhtoÔme , t.w.

   
2 ∂p ∂p
−(∇p, ∇v)L2ρ (Ω) + (k p, v)L2ρ (Ω) + ,v − ,v = 0. ∀v ∈ V, (2)

∂r L2ρ (Γ2 ) ∂r L2ρ (Γ4 )

ìpou

Z Z
(u, v)L2ρ (Ω) := u v r dzdr + ρ u v r dzdr,
Ωw Ωs
Z Z
(u, v)L2ρ (Γ2 ) := u v R2 dz + ρ u v R2 dz,
Γw Γs2
Z 2
Z
(u, v)L2ρ (Γ4 ) := u v R1 dz + ρ u v R1 dz,
Γw
4 Γs4

me ρ = ρ1 /ρ2 , ( ρ1 ρ2
, oi puknìthte s to nerì kai s to zhma, ants toiqa).

'Omw pˆnw s to outflow sÔnoro Γ2 èqoume th sunj kh

∂p X
∞
(z, R2 ) = T (p)(z) := AR R R
n p(·, R2 ), Zn L2ρ (0,H R ) Zn (z) (3)

∂r n=1

ìpou λR R
n Zn , , enai oi ants toiqe idiotimè /idiosunart sei tou katakìrufou probl mato

s to Γ2 r = R 2
( ). Oi ZnR enai orjokanonikè w pro th nìrma pou epˆgei to eswterikì

ginìmeno

Z z∗R Z HR
ρ1
(w, u)L2ρ (0,H R ) := wudz + ρ wudz, ρ := ,
0 z∗R ρ2

2
en¸ oi sunteles tè AR
n dnontai apì th sqèsh

 p
 p H1(1) ( λR n R2 )
 − λR , λR

 n p n > 0
 H
(1)
( λ R R 2 )
0 n
AR
n := p

 p K1 ( −λR R2 )


 − −λRn p n , λR
n < 0.
K0 ( −λR n R 2 )
Anˆloga, pˆnw s to inflow sÔnoro Γ4 èqoume th sunj kh

∂p
(z, R1 ) = R(p)(z) + S(z), (4)

∂r
me

X
∞


R(p)(z) := ALn p(·, R1 ), ZnL L2ρ (0,H L )
ZnL (z), (5)

n=1
kai

1 X∞
S(z) = − AI Z L (zs ) ZnL (z), (6)

2πρ1 R1 n=1 n n
ìpou λLn ZnL
, , enai oi ants toiqe idiotimè /idiosunart sei tou katakìrufou probl mato

s to Γ4 r = R 1
( ), en¸

 p
 p J1 ( λLn R1 )

 − λLn p , λLn > 0

 L
J0 ( λ n R1 )
ALn := p

 p I ( −λL R1 )

 1
p n , λLn < 0,
 −λLn L
I0 ( −λn R1 )
kai
 p
 1

 λLn p , λLn > 0
 L
J0 ( λ n R1 )
AIn :=

 p 1

 −λLn p , λLn < 0.
L
I0 ( −λn R1 )
Tìte to prìblhma (2) diatup¸netai w ex  : p∈V
AnazhtoÔme , t.w.

−(∇p, ∇v)L2ρ (Ω) + (k 2 p, v)L2ρ (Ω)

+(T (p), v)L2ρ (Γ2 ) − (R(p), v)L2ρ (Γ4 ) = (S, v)L2ρ (Γ4 ) , ∀v ∈ V, (7)

Sth sunèqeia gia èna trigwnismì Th tou Ω orzoume to q¸ro peperasmènwn s toiqe-

wn Vh = {χ : χ ∈ C(Ω), χ = 0 s to Γ3 , χ|τ ∈ P1 ∀τ ∈ Th }. To diakritì anˆlogo tou

probl mato (7) enai to ex  : AnazhtoÔme ph ∈ Vh , t.w.

−(∇ph , ∇χ)L2ρ (Ω) + (k 2 ph , χ)L2ρ (Ω) +

+(T (ph ), χ)L2ρ (Γ2 ) − (R(ph ), χ)L2ρ (Γ4 ) = (S, χ)L2ρ (Γ4 ) ∀χ ∈ Vh , (8)

3
Assembly of the finite element matrices
Jewre to q¸ro peperasmènwn s toiqewn

Veh = {χ : χ ∈ C(Ω), χ|τ ∈ P1 ∀τ ∈ Th }.

Sumbolzoume me {ϕ1 , . . . , ϕNh } th sun jh bˆsh tou q¸rou peperasmènwn s toiqewn. Su-

PN N T
n jw jètoume ph = j=1 pj ϕj , kai χ = ϕi i = 1, . . . , N N T
, , s thn (8), dhl. den

epibˆlloume ti sun. sunj. Dirichlet s thn asjen  diatÔpwsh, allˆ to kˆnoume argìtera

(bl. APPLBCN ).

'Etsi katal gei s to grammikì sou sÔs thma, pou ja èqei th morf 

(−G + Q + B − C) p = s. (9)

Oi pnake auto enai diˆs tash NNT × NNT , kai èqoun s toiqea:

Gij = (∇ϕj , ∇ϕi )L2ρ (Ω) , Qij = (k 2 ϕj , ϕi )L2ρ (Ω) ,

Bij = (T (ϕj ), ϕi )L2ρ (Γ2 ) , Cij = (R(ϕj ), ϕi )L2ρ (Γ4 ) .

Ta s p
, enai dianÔsmata diˆs tash NNT ×1 , kai to s = (s1 , s2 , . . . , sN )T èqei sunis t¸se

si := (S, ϕi )L2ρ (Γ4 ) .

( PROSOQH: To sÔs thma (9) den enai isodÔnamo th (7) afoÔ akìma den èqoume epi-

bˆllei ti sunoriakè sunj ke Dirichlet s to sÔnoro Γ3 .)

Qrhsimopoi¸nta sumbolismì anˆlogo tou ˆrjrou Kampˆnh - Dougal  , èqoume ìti

N MX
ODOU T



Bij = (T (ϕj ), ϕi )L2ρ (Γ2 ) = AR R
n ϕj (·, R2 ), Zn L2ρ (0,H R )
ZnR , ϕi L2ρ (Γ2 )
,
n=1
N MX
ODIN



Cij = (R(ϕj ), ϕi )L2ρ (Γ4 ) = ALn ϕj (·, R1 ), ZnL L2ρ (0,H L )
ZnL , ϕi L2ρ (Γ4 )
,
n=1
X∞ N MX
ODIN
1

si = (S, ϕi )L2ρ (Γ4 ) =− AIn AIn Zn (zs ) ZnL , ϕi L2ρ (Γ4 )
.
2πρ1 R1 n=1 n=1

Tèlo , de lgo thn Parˆgrafo 4.4. tou ˆrjrou Kampˆnh - Dougal  gia na dei p¸

katal goume se sqèsei th morf 

4
Bij = (T (ϕj ), ϕi )L2ρ (Γ2 ) =
N MXODOU T
"MU # "MU #
X X
= ARn dn,ℓ (ϕj (·, R2 ), ϕjℓ (·, R2 ))L2ρ (0,H R ) dn,ℓ (ϕjℓ , ϕi )L2ρ (Γ2 ) ,
n=1 ℓ=1 ℓ=1
Cij = (R(ϕj ), ϕi )L2ρ (Γ4 ) =
N MX
ODIN
" LU # " LU #
X X
= ALn cn,ℓ (ϕj (·, R1 ), ϕjℓ (·, R1 ))L2ρ (0,H L ) cn,ℓ (ϕjℓ , ϕi )L2ρ (Γ4 ) ,
n=1 ℓ=1 ℓ=1
si = (S, ϕi ) L2ρ (Γ4 ) =
N MX
ODIN
" LU # " LU #
1 X X
= − ALn cn,ℓ ϕjℓ (zs ) cn,ℓ (ϕjℓ , ϕi )L2ρ (Γ4 ) .
2πρ1 R1 n=1 ℓ=1 ℓ=1

(D. MhtsoÔdh , 9/8/2006)