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edu/a
cadtech/phonetics/englis
h/framesset.html
Diagrams
 Phonetics: The soundof American
English
Consonants
1.- MANNER of articulation refers to how
the sound is produced and the way in
which the airstream is modified as it
passes through the vocal tract.
MANNER
•Stop
•Fricative
•Affricate
•Nasal
•Liquid
•Glide
Stop
A stop is a consonant characterized by: (1)
complete obstruction of the outgoing
airstream by the articulators, (2) a build up of
intraoral air presure, and (3) a realise.
Voiceless Voiced
/p/ /b/ Bilabial
/t/ /d/ Lingua-alveolar
/k/ /g/ Lingua-velar
FRICATIVE
A fricative is a consonant produced by
forcing the breath stream through a
constriction formed by articulators in the
vocal tract.
Voiceles Voiced
/f/ /v/ labiodental
/s/ /z/ lingua-alveolar
AFFRICATE
An affricate is a consonant characterized as
having both a fricative and a stop manner of
production.
Voiceless Voiced
/tS/ /d3/ lingua-alveolar
Nasal
Refers to a consonant produced with
complete closure in the oral cavity along
with a lowered velum to allow airflow
through the nasal cavity.
Voiceless Voiced
/m/ bilabial
/n/ lingua-alveolar
Liquid
Is a generic label used to classify to English
approximant consonants, /r/ and /l/
Voiceless Voiced
/l/ lingua-alveolar
/r/ lingua.palatal
Glide
Is a consonant characterized by a continued
gliding motion of the articulators into the
following vowel also referred to as a semi-
vowel, e.g. /j/ and /w/.

Voiceless Voiced
/w/ bilabial
/j/ lingua-palatal
2.- Place of articulation
Refers to which articulators are
involved in the production of a
particular sound.
Place of articulation
•Bilabial
•Labio-dental
•Lingua-dental
•Lingua-alveolar
•Lingua-palatal
•Lingua-velar
•Glottal