123 ACT

PRESENTED BY:
Lt AC THOMAS
SLt RAM VEER YADAV
 TOPICS
 AIM
 IMPORTANT TERMINOLOGIES
 BACKGROUND
 MAIN FEATURES
 RATIONALE BEHIND THE AGREEMENT
 FLIPSIDE
 AIM
 123 AGREEMENT
 HOW THE DEAL WAS CLINCHED
 HOW IT EFFECTS INDIA
 123 ACT
 SECTION 123 OF UNITED STATES
ATOMIC ENERGY ACT
 SEPARATION OF INDIAS CIVIL AND
MILITARY NUCLEAR FACILITIES
 US COOPERATION FOR INDIAS CIVIL
NUCLEAR PROGRAM
 IAEA SAFEGUARDS
 TERMINOLOGIES
 NPT

 HYDES ACT

 NSG

 IAEA
 NPT
 NUCLEAR NON- PROLIFERATION
TREATY (NPT)
 TREATY TO LIMIT THE SPREAD OF
NUCLEAR WEAPONS.
 189 COUNTRIES SIGNED THE TREATY.

 NPT NON SIGNATORIES:INDIA,

ISRAEL, PAKISTAN AND NORTH
KOREA.
 HYDES ACT
 MODIFIES THE
REQUIREMENTS OF
SECTION 123

 ANNUAL
CERTIFICATION
CLAUSE
 HYDES ACT
 TRIES TO INFLUENCE INDIA’S
FOREIGN POLICY
 HYDE ACT NOT BINDING ON INDIA
 NSG
 FOUNDED IN 1974
 IN RESPONSE TO
THE INDIAN NUCLEAR
TEST EARLIER IN THAT
YEAR.
 CONTROLS EXPORTS OF
NUCLEAR MATERIALS,
EQUIPMENT AND
TECHNOLOGY
 IAEA
 INTERNATIONAL
ATOMIC ENERGY
AGENCY
 DEVELOPMENT OF
THE PEACEFUL
APPLICATIONS OF
NUCLEAR
TECHNOLOGY
 IAEA
 PROVIDES
INTERNATIONAL
SAFEGUARDS
AGAINST ITS
MISUSE
 FACILITATE THE
APPLICATION OF
SAFETY MEASURES
IN ITS USE.
 BACKGROUND
 1950: ATOMS FOR PEACE PROGRAM.
HELP FROM US

 1968: INDIA REFUSES TO SIGN THE

NPT

 1974: POKHARAN I
 BACKGROUND
 NUCLEAR HELP STOPS FROM US AND
CANADA

 NSG IS FORMED. NUCLEAR ISOLATION

OF INDIA FOR THREE DECADES

 1998 : POKHARAN II FOLLOWED BY

ECONOMIC SANCTIONS
 BACKGROUND
 18 JUL 05: US MOVES FOR STRATEGIC
PARTNERSHIP.
 26 JUL 06: HYDES ACT PASSED
 1 AUG 08: IAEA ADOPTS INDIA
SPECIFIC SAFEGUARDS AGREEMENT
UNANIMOUSLY.
 BACKGROUND
 6 SEP 2008: THE NSG
GRANTS WAIVER TO
INDIA

 1 OCT 2008: US
SENATE APPROVES
THE INDO-US CIVIL
NUCLEAR DEAL
 RATIONALE BEHIND THE
AGREEMENT
 INDIA’S STRONG NON
PROLIFERATION
RECORD.
 INDIA BROUGHT
CLOSER TO A NPT
REGIME
 MANY HIDDEN US
INTERESTS
 MAIN FEATURES OF
123 AGREEMENT

 US HELPS INDIA NEGOTIATE

WITH IAEA FOR INDIA-
SPECIFIC FUEL SUPPLY
AGREEMENT.

 TRANSFER OF NUCLEAR
MATERIAL, NON-NUCLEAR
MATERIAL, EQUIPMENT AND
COMPONENTS.
 MAIN FEATURES OF
123 AGREEMENT
 14 NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS TO BE UNDER
THE SCANNER OF IAPO

 RIGHT TO RECYCLE AND REUSE THE SPENT

FUEL

 EITHER SIDE HAS RIGHT TO CANCELL THE

DEAL WITH AFTER A NOTICE
 WHAT INDIA GAINS
 NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY FROM NSG
COUNTRIES

 NUCLEAR REACTOR AND FUEL FOR

MAKING POWER FOR ENERGY

 ONLY COUNTRY THAT GETS

NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY WITHOUT
SIGNING NPT
 WHAT US WANTS
 REDUCED DEMAND FOR
COAL AND OIL

 INFLUENCE ON WORLD
ECONOMY

 COUNTERWEIGHT TO CHINA

 BRINGS INDIA CLOSER TO A

NPT REGIME
 FLIPSIDE
 QUESTIONABLE
CLAUSES IN HYDES
ACT
 DEAL DOESN’T
MAKE SENSE
ECONOMICALLY
 DISCLOSING OUR
SECRETS
 14 PLANTS UNDER
SCANNER OF IAPO
FOR LIFETIME
ANY QUESTIONS