Immunization, or immunisation, is the process by which an individual's immune system becomes fortified

against an agent (known as the immunogen.

Immunization can be done through various techniques, most commonly vaccination

Active immunization entails the introduction of a foreign molecule into the body, which causes the body itself
to generate immunity against the target.

Active immunization can occur naturally when a person comes in contact with, for example, a microbe. The
immune system will eventually create antibodies and other defenses against the microbe

Passive immunization is where pre-synthesized elements of the immune system are transferred to a person so
that the body does not need to produce these elements itself. antibodies can be used for passive immunization

In 1776 - Edward Jenner observed that milk maids who had had cow pox were immune against small pox and
intentionally infected a young boy with cow pox then injected small pox pus under his skin he did not get small
pox. Cow pox was a very mild disesa. Cow pox virus is slightly related to small pox virus.