a

aaaaokyk ikS/
dU;kvk
dU;kvkdU;kvkdU;kvkdU;kvks
ssss dk lk
dk lkdk lkdk lkdk lkSUn;Z
SUn;ZSUn;ZSUn;ZSUn;Z c<+
c<+c<+c<+c<+k
kkkkus
usususus o
oookyk ikS
kyk ikSkyk ikSkyk ikS/kk
k/kk//kkkkk
XokjikBk
XokjikBkXokjikBkXokjikBkXokjikBk
(Aloe barbadensis Mill)
XokjikBk] /khdaqekjh vFkok ?k`rdqwaa
okj] dekjh mu lLrs ijUrq egRoi.kZ ikS/kks es ls gS ftudk
vkS"k/kh; ,oa lkSUn;Z izlk/kuksa ds fuekZ.k esa lfn;ksa ls mi;ksx gksrk vk jgk g
SA dqekj ds uke ls tkus
tkusssa
okys rFkk Ropk esa u;kiu ykus oky bl vkS"k/kh; ikS/k dh egRrk dk vnktk blh ckr l
s
yxk;k tk ldrk gS fd ftruk fiz; ;g vkt ds lkSUn;Z izlk/ku fo'ksaaa
"kKks rFkk efgykvks es gS]
mruk gh fiz; ;g fDy;ksisVªk dks Hkh Fkk rFkk mlds lkSazlk/kuksa esa Hkh bls izeq[k
LFkku ikIr FkkA
n;Z izHkko izdk'
Hkko izdk'Hkko izdk'Hkko izdk'Hkko izdk'k
kkkk esq.kksa dk o.kZu fuEukulkj fd;k x;k gS&
a blds xq
dqekjh x`gdU;k p dU;k ?k`rdqekfjdk
dqekjh Hks

nuh lhrk frDrk us=;k jlk;uh !

e/kqjk c`ag.kh cY;k o`";k okrfo"kiz.kqr~
xqYe Iyhg;d`n~o`f)dQTogjh gjr~ !!s

vFkkZr dU;kvkas ds lkSUn;Z dks c<+kus okyh ?k`rdqekjh lwatu rFkk Toj Hkh nwj djr
h gSA
fofHké Hkk"
fofHké Hkk"fofHké Hkk"fofHké Hkk"fofHké Hkk"
kkvks
kkvkskkvkskkvkskkvks
es
eseseses
XokjikBk
XokjikBkXokjikBkXokjikBkXokjikBk
ds
dsdsdsds
uke
ukeukeukeuke
fgUnh % XokjikBk] ?khda
aa
okj] ?khdqvkaj]
?k`rdqekjh] dqekjh] <sdokj
laLd`r % dqekj] ?k`rdqekfjdk] x`gdU;k
iatkch % dqokfj;ka] dqokjaxany
caxkyh % ?k`rdqekjh
ejkBh % dksjQM+
xqtjkrh % dqaokj ikB
rsyxw % fpUudV ckank
ey;kye % dqekjh
rfey % dfj;kiksyke] eqlEcje
dUuM+ % yksfylkj
phuh uke % yq gbZ
vjch % lCckjr
Qkjlh % nj[rs flcz
vaxzsth % bafM;u ,yks (Indian aloe)
okuLifrd uke % Aloe Vera (Linn) Bum f. syn.
Aloe barbadensis Mill
okuLifrd dqy % fyfy,lh (Liliaceae)
ikS
ikSikSikSikS/
////ks
ksksksks dk lkekU; fooj.k
dk lkekU; fooj.kdk lkekU; fooj.kdk lkekU; fooj.kdk lkekU; fooj.k
XokjikBk dh mRifRr iwswsaZ
ohZ rFkk nf{k.kh vfQzdk] Qukjh }hi leg rFkk Liu es gksuk ekuh xbgSA ,saa
lk ekuk tkrk gS fd osLr baMht] Hkkjr rFkk phu es ;g lksygoha 'krkCnh es igqapkA
vR;f/kd
vklkuh ls iuius okyk ;g ikS/k ;wa rks izkd`frd voLFkk ¼taxyh voLFkk½ esa Hkh dkQh LF
kkuksa ij
¼fo'ys"kr;k dfczLrkukss
a esa½ mxk gqvk ns[kk tk ldrk gS ijUrq vkS"k/kh; vko';drkvksa dh iwfrZ grq
dbZ {ks=ksas
a esa bldk O;olkf;d d`f"kdj.k Hkh izkjHk gks pqdk gSA orZeku ea jktLFkku] egkjk"
Vª] e/;
izns'k] vka/kz izns'k] xqtjkr rFkk dbZ vU; jkT;ksa esa bldh dkQh cM+s iSekus ij
[ksrh izkjaHk gks pqdh
gSA
XokjikBk ,d ls nks QqV Åapk ,d NksVk ikS/kk ¼{kqi½ gks
rk gSA bldh ekaly ifRr;ka yxHkx
12 baaass
p ls 15 bap rd yEch] 4 bp rd pkSM+h rFkk yxHkx ikSu bp ¼3@4bap½ ekVh gksrh gS tkchp
ls Åij dh vksj iryh gksrh pyh tkrh gSA ;s ifRr;ka ikS/ks ds rus ls tqM+h jgrh gS r
Fkk buds
fdukjks ij nas yky jax ds
arqj dkaVs gksrs gSaA ikS/ks ds e/; ls ,d iq"i/ot fudyrk gS ftl ij gYdQwy eatjh
esa vkrs gSaA bl iq"i/ot ij 'khrdky ds var esa iq"i rFkk Qy yxrs gSaA
x esa eq[;r;k XokjikBk d iRrks
vkS"k/kh; mi;kssas dk mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA bu iRrka dks
dkVus ij muds vanj ls ihys jax dk tSy vFkok jl fudyrk gSA ;g tSy ¼jl½ gh bl ikS/ks d
k
mi;ksxh rRo gksrk gSA ;g jl tksfd Baqekjhlkj] ,yqvk] flcz] ,ykt
Mk gksus ij te tkrk gS] dsvFkok eqlCcj ds uke ls tkuk tkrk gSA vHkh rd gekjs ns'
k esa eqlCcj cukus dh ijEijkxr fof/k;ka
gh izpyu esss cukus gsrq Lopkfyr bdkb;ka LFkkfir gks pqdh gSA
a gSa] tcfd fo'o d dbZ Hkkxksa esa bld;ksfd vHkh rd mPp xq.koRrk dk eqlCcj cukus
dh bdkbZ;ka gekjs ns'k esa ugha gS vr% vHkh Hkh
gekjs ;gkWs
;g ¼eqlCcj½ dkQh ek=k ea vk;kr gksrk gS rFkk dsoy LFkkuh; vko';drkvksa dh iwfrZ
gsrq gh ns'kh; i|fr ls cus gq, eqlCcj dh ekax jgrh gSA
XokjikBk ds
XokjikBk dsXokjikBk dsXokjikBk dsXokjikBk ds vkS
vkSvkSvkSvkS"
""""k/kh; mi;ks
k/kh; mi;ksk/kh; mi;ksk/kh; mi;ksk/kh; mi;ksx
xxxx
fofHké vkS"k/kh; dk;ksZ gs
rq XokjikBk dk mi;ksx ftruk ijEijkxr fpfdRlk i|fr;ksa rFkk
?kjss esa fd;k tkrk jgk g mruk gh vk/kfud fpfdRlk i|fr;ka
yw mipkjkaSqs esa Hkh gks jgk gSA fuyfxjh
ds dksVk vkfnoklh yksswss
x bld xns dk mi;ksx tksM+ks ds nnZ d bykt gsrq djr vk jgs gSaA e/;
iznssM+ vkfnoklh leqnk;ksa ds yksx bldk mi;kx t[eksa ds mipkj grq djrs
'k ds xkass gSaA xkaoksa esa
NksVs cPpksa dks eka dk n/k ihuws dh ftn ls gVkus ds fy, vHkh Hkh efgykvksa }kjk
blds tl dk ywsi
vius Lrukas ij fd;k tkrk gS ¼D;ksa
q uqdlku nk;d ugha
fd ;g FkksM+k dM+ok gksrk gS ijUr½A ;wukuh
gdheksa }kjk bles
a ?kh] 'kDdj rFkk nw/k feykdj XokjikBs dk gyok cuk;k tkrk gS ftlls lkekU;
nqcZyrk rkas
s nwj gksrh gh gS] ;kSu'kfDr Hkh c<+rh gSA cPpks dh vkarksa ds dhM+ksa ds mipkj
grq Hkh
bldk mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA isassss
V dh chekfj;ks rFkk vip d mipkj grq Hkh bl vtok;u d lkFk
feykdj iz;qDr fd;k tkrk gSA yhoj] Liyhu] raf=dk raas
= rFkk efgyk tuukxksa esa uo'kfDr dlapkj gsrq Hkh bldk mi;ksx izHkkoh ik;k tkrk
gSA mijkss ds
Dr ds vfrfjDr ftu vU; izeq[k fodkjkafunku esa ;g mi;ksx Hkh ik;k tkrk gS] os fuE
ukuqlkj gSa &

[kwuh vfrlkj
[kwuh vfrlkj[kwuh vfrlkj[kwuh vfrlkj[kwuh vfrlkj d
dddds
ss mipkj
mipkjmipkjmipkjmipkj es
esesesesa & [kwuh vfrlkj dh fLFkfr ea XokjikBk ds xns dks 'kDdj rFkk
sa &
a &ssa &a & sw
thjsa

ds lkFk ysus ls jkgr igqprh gSA

is
isisisis'kkc lEcU/kh jksx
xxxxks
ksksksksa dgsrq & fofHké is'kkc laca/kh jksxksa tSls is'kkc esa jDr vkuk]
is'kkc esa tyu vkfn gksus dh fLFkfr esa XokjikBk ds xw

'kkc lE
'kkc lE'kkc lE'kkc lEcU/kh jks
cU/kh jkscU/kh jkscU/kh jks aa
aa d
dddss
ssss mipkj
mipkjmipkjmipkjmipkj gsrq &gsrq &
gsrq &gsrq &
ns dks igys ikuh esa /kksdj ,d lIrkg
rd izfrfnu lqcg&lqcg lsou djus ls ykHk feyrk gSA

eqgkals
eqgkalseqgkalseqgkalseqgkals rFkk
rFkkrFkkrFkkrFkk Qk
QkQkQkQkss
ssss +s QqfUl;k
QqfUl;k+s QqfUl;kQqfUl;k+s QqfUl;kss
ssss ds
dsdsdsds mipkj
mipkjmipkjmipkjmipkj g
ggggss
ssss a rFkk QksM+sasq
M
MMMM+s
+s+s aa
aaaa rq
rqrqrqrq &
&&&& eqgkalks QqfUl;ks ds mipkj grXokjikBs dk xwnk izHkkfor LFkku ij yxkuk ykHkd
kjh jgrk gSA
tyu] [kqtyh rFkk dhM
tyu] [kqtyh rFkk dhMtyu] [kqtyh rFkk dhMtyu] [kqtyh rFkk dhMtyu] [kqtyh rFkk dhM
+s+s+
++s
ss dkVus
dkVusdkVusdkVusdkVus d
ddddsss
ss rq&
rq&rq&rq&uss
mipkj gs
mipkj gsmipkj gsmipkj gsmipkj gsrq& Ropk ij tyu vFkok [kqtyh gk rFkk
dhM+s vkfn ds dkVus dh fLFkfr esss
a XokjikBs ds iRrksa dks Nhydj] bUga FkksM+h nsj /kwi ea
,Dlikst djus ds mijkUr izHkkfor LFkku ij eyus ls jkgr feyrh gSA

lnhZ rFkk [kkalh

[kkalh[kkalh[kkalh[kkalh ds
dsdsdsdsmipkj
mipkjmipkjmipkjmipkj gs
gsgsgsgsrq
rqrqrqrq & XokjikBk dlnhZ rFkk
lnhZ rFkklnhZ rFkklnhZ rFkk &
&&&s iRrs dks Hkwudj mldk T;wl fudkydj bl
T;wl dk vk/kk pEep ,d de xeZ ikuh esa feykdj lss
ou dju ls lnhZ&[kkalh esa ykHk gksrk
gSA

x
xxxxS
SS rFkk
rFkkrFkkrFkkrFkk is
isisisisV
VVVV dh
dhdhdhdh vU; ijs
vU; ijsvU; ijsvU; ijsvU; ijs'
''''kkfu;k
kkfu;kkkfu;kkkfu;kkkfu;kss
ss ssss mipkj g
mipkj gmipkj gmipkj gmipkj grq& dCt vFkok xSl vkfn gkus dh
Sl] dCt
l] dCtSl] dCtl] dCtSl] dCta d
a da da da dssrq&
rq&rq&rq&
ss
sssfLFkfr esa 2 pEep XokjikBk ds rsy dk lksrs le; lsou djus ls ykHk feyrk gSA

cky >M+usrFkk
rFkkrFkkrFkkrFkk vfunzk ds mipkj gsrq&
rq&rq&rq&rq& cky >M+us rFkk uhn u vkucky >M+us
cky >M+uscky >M+uscky >M+us vfunzk ds
vfunzk dsvfunzk dsvfunzk ds mipkj gs
mipkj gsmipkj gsmipkj gss dh fLFkfr esa XokjikBk
ds iRrksas
ds T;wl rFkk ftatyh vk;y dks feykdj bUga rc rd xeZ fd;k tkrk gS tc rd
budh ueh lw[k u tk,A bl izdkj rS;kj fd, x;s izsijs'ku dh jkr dks lksrs le; flj i
j
ekfy'k djus ls vfunzk rFkk cky >Mu+s dh leL;k ls NqVdkjk feyrk gSA
vk¡[kksa evk¡
vk¡vk¡vk¡[
[[[kksa e
kksa ekksa ekksa ea ykf
a ykfa ykfa ykfa ykfy
yyyyek&
ek&ek&ek&ek& vka[ks yky gksus dh fLFkfr esa XokjikBk ds xwns dh iV~Vh cukdj vka[
kksa ds
ss
ssssvkbZfyM~l ij cka/kus ls ykHk feyrk gSA

tksM+ks dk nnZ& tkZZ

ZZM+kssa ds nnZ ea XokjikBs ds iYi dk xeZ djds izHkkfor LFkkuksa ij yxku ls
jkgr feyrh gSA
t
tttk
kkksM
sMsMsM+ks d
+ks d+ks d+ks dk
kkk n
nnnn
nnn&
&&&ss
s

lwtu gks
lwtu gkslwtu gkslwtu gkslwtu gksu
uuuuss ij&
ij&ij&ij&
s
ss ij& XokjikBk ds iYi dks ikuh ds lkFk mcky dj bldh iqfYVl cka/kus ls
lwtu Bhd gksrh gSA blh izdkj blsss ls ?kko Hkh Bhd gksrs gSaA
?kkoka ij yxku
isV
isVisVisVisV esa vY
YYYYllZ vkfn gksus ij& isV esa vYllZ rFkk xSl vkfn tSls fodkj gksus ij XokjikBs
dk rktk xwsss ij
esa
esaesaesa v
vvv llZ vkfn gk
llZ vkfn gkllZ vkfn gkllZ vkfn gksus
sussussus ij&
ij&ij&ij&
nk izkr% dky [kkyh isV yus dh lykg nh tkrh gSA ;g uqL[kk dkQh ykxkavktek;k tk pq
dk gSss
rFkk bld ifj.kke dkQh vf/kd mRlkgo/kZd jgs gSaA oLrqr% iV dh
lHkh izdkj dh chekfj;ks esa XokjikBk d xwV lsou djuk ykHkdkjh ik;k x;k
asns dk [kkyh is
gSA
tgk¡ rd vk/kqfud fpfdRlk i|fr es
a XokjikBk ds mi;ksx dk iz'u gS rks dbZ vk/kqfud
fpfdRldksa }kjk bldk fofHké fodkjksa ds funku gsrq c[kwch mi;ksx fd;k x;k gSA mnkg
j.kkFkZ Jh
j u o"kZ 1991 elk ua fd, x, ijh{k.kka
,e-,- vtc uwsa rFkk Jh ts-,e- esws o"kZ 1985 ess esa ;g ik;k
fd Xokjik
XokjikXokjikXokjikXokjikBk
BkBkBkBk esa e/kqesg uk
ukukukuk'kh x esa
esaesaesa e
eee/
///kqesg
kqesgkqesgkqesg 'kh
'kh'kh'kh xq.k
xq.kxq.kxq.kq.k ik, tkrs gSaA blh izdkj Jh ih-,u- dq:i rFkk muds lkfFk;kas us
o"kZ 1979 esa scky nk
cky nkcky nkcky nksckjk mxku
sckjk mxkusckjk mxkus l
s ls lsss axq.kksa
xq.kksaxq.kksaq.kkss
XokjikBk ea cky nksckjk mxkul
llaa
aa x
ckjk mxkuca/kh
ca/khca/khca/khca/kh xq.kksa dh tkudkjh nhA Jh ,e-flg rFkk muda
lkfFk;ksa us o"kZ 1973 essfM,'ku ls mRiUu ?kkoks
a ik;k fd XokjikBk dk tsy FkeZy cuZl rFkk ja ds
bykt esa mi;ksxh gksrk gSA XokjikBk ds ,DlVªSDV dh Hkh dbZ fodkjkas ds funku ea mi
;ksfxrk fl)sgks pqdh gSA mnkgj.kkFkZ bldk ,DlVªSDV ,d ,UVhck;jy ,tsUV ¼,flMks Fkk;fe
Mkbu½ ds lg;ksx ls
a izHkkoh ekuk tk jgk gs
a esa Hkh bl
,M~l ds mipkj esSA czkUdy ,LFkek ds ejhtkss mi;ksxh ik;k x;k
gSA lfn;kas ls bldk mi;ksx fdMuh ls lacaf/kr fofHké leL;kvksa] ;kSu 'kfDr rFkk ;kS
usPNk dks
c<+kus] eSejh Xysass
UM~l ds fodkl rFkk fljnnZ ,oa cPpks d cq[kkj d mipkj vkfn gsrq fd;k tkrk
jgk gSA uku bUlqfyu fMisUMsUV Mk;fcVht ds
s ejhtksa gsrq Hkh bldh mi;kfxrk fl) gks pqdh gSA
mijks
S
Drkuqlkj ns[kk tk ldrk gS fd XokjikBk dkQh vf/kd vkS"k/kh; mi;ksx dk ikS/kk gftl
dk vk/kqfud fpfdRlk i|fr;ksa esa Hkh mruk gh egRo gS ftruk ijEijkxr fpfdRlk es
a FkkA
fo'ksszlk/kuksas lacaf/kr fodkjks] dQ fodkjkak+s ds nnks] e=la
"k :i l lkSUn;Z i] isV l
as] tksMaZwLFkku lacaf/k
fodkjksa] efgykvksa ds jksxksa vkfn ess
a bldh mi;kfxrk fujUrj c<+rh tk jgh gS rFkk vPNh xq.koRrk
ds XokjikBk dh izkfIr dh n`f"V ls bldk d`f"kdj.k vkt dh vko';drk cu pqdk gSA
XokjikBk dh izeq[k tkfr;ka vFkok fdLes
k fdLesk fdLesk fdLesk fdLes
Xokjik
XokjikXokjikXokjikBk dh
Bk dhBk dhBk dh izeq[k tkfr;ka v
izeq[k tkfr;ka vizeq[k tkfr;ka vizeq[k tkfr;ka vF
FFFko
kokokoa
aaaa
a
;wa rks fo'o Hkj esa XokjikBk dh 275 tkfr;ka ikbZ tkrh gSa ijUrq tks rhu izeq[k
tkfr;ka
vkS"k/kh; ,oa O;olkf;d n`f"V lss
T;knk egRoiw.kZ gSa] os gS&,yks ckjcsMfUll fey vFkok ,syks csjk
VksuZ ssss
,Dl fyUu ftll dqjkdkvka vFkok Hkkjrh; vFkok ckcsZMkst ,yk feyrk gS] ,yk QsjksDr
feyj
ftllsssssss
tathokj ,yk vFkok di ,yks izkIr gkrk gS] rFkk ,yks iSjh cdj ftll lksdksVªhu ,yk iz
kIr
gksrk gSA buds vfrfjDr ,yks vQzhdkuk rFkk ,yks LikbZdkVk Hkh gS tks vis{kkd`r de
egRo okyh
tkfr;ka gSA XokjikBk dh dbZ Hkkjrh; tkfr;ka Hkh gS tSls pkbuht css
dj] fyVªksyhl dkbZx csdj rFkk
,yks osjhxkVk fyu vkfnA
Xokjik
XokjikXokjikXokjikXokjikBk dh
Bk dhBk dhBk dhBk dh jk
jkjkjkjklk;fu
lk;fulk;fulk;fulk;fud
dddd l
llllajp
jpajpjpajpuk a
aukukukuka
XokjikBk rFkk blls fudkys tkus okys inkFkZ ,yqvk esa ^^,yksbu** uke XywdkslkbMl
dk
lewg ik;k tkrk gS ftlds dkj.k bldh jklk;fud fdz;k gksrh gSA bl XywdkslkbM dh ek=
k
XokjikBk dh fofHké tkfr;ksa esa de&T;knk gksrh gS rFkk bldh lokZf/kd ek=k ,yks osj
k vFkok
dqjkdkvksSA ,yksbu ds vfrfjDr bles
a tkfr esa ¼22% rd½ ikbZ tkrh ga ,yks&beksfnu ,yks;fVd
,flM] gkseksusVksfy;u] ,yksbftu] beks
fMu dzk;tfefud ,flM] dzk;lksQsfud ,flM] ,ik;l]
XySDVqjkssssssw
fud ,flM] dSfY'k;e vkXtsyV] dkfyu] dksfyu lyhlkbZyV] lSikfuUl] ;jksfud ,flM]
'kdZjk] E;wdksiksyhlSdzhM~ssss
l 7&gkbZMªkDlh dzkeksu] dkSuhfQjy ,Ydkgy] Xykbdkslehul gSXtwjksfud
,flM] ,ekbysl] ,yhusss
l vkfn rRo Hkh ik, tkr gSaA XokjikBk d T;wl esa dSfY'k;e ¼4-7%½]
lksfM;e ¼ 1-43%½] iksVsf'k;e ¼6-6 %½] DyksjkbM ¼12-2 %½] rd eSxs
uht ¼0-01 %½] dk gksuk ik;k
x;k gSA
XokjikBk dh mér iz
XokjikBk dh mér izXokjikBk dh mér izXokjikBk dh mér izXokjikBk dh mér iztkfr;k¡
tkfr;k¡tkfr;k¡tkfr;k¡tkfr;k¡
,yksbu rFkk tSy mRiknu dh nf"V lu
uuuusss vkWQ Iy ssssZsZt
tttt }kjkZ
'
''k
kky
yyu
uu C;w
C;wC;wj
jjks
ksks vkWQ Iyka
kakaV
VV ts
tstsus
ususfVd
fVdfVd lks
lkslksl
llXokjikBk dh dbZ mér iztkfr;ka fudkyh xbZ gSA buesZ-lh- 111269] vkbZ

`s s'k
s'ks'kyu
yuyu C;wj
C;wjC;wjk
kks vkW
vkWvkWQ
QQ I
IIy
yykaV
kaVkaV t
ttu
uusfV
fVfVd
dd l
llk
kksl
slslsZs
a ls vkbZ-lh- 111271] vkblh- 111280] vkbZ-lh- 111273] vkbZ-lh- 111267 rFkk vkbZ-
lh-111279 ,yksbu dh ek=k dh n`f"V ls
rFk vkbZ-lh-111267] vkbZ-lh-111666] vkbZ-lh-111280] vkbZ-lh-111272 rFkk 111277 d
ks tSy dh
ek=k dks n`f"V ls mUur ekuk tkrk gSA lhes
lheslheslheslhesi
ii y[kuÅ }kjk Hkh XokjikBk dh ,d mér iztkfry
i y[
[i yi y[[kuÅ
kuÅkuÅkuÅvdUpk ¼ ,-,y-&1½ fodflr dh xbZ gSA
XokjikBk dh [ks
XokjikBk dh [ksXokjikBk dh [ksXokjikBk dh [ksXokjikBk dh [ksr
rrrrh dh fof
h dh fofh dh fofh dh fofh dh fof/
////k
kkkk
XokjikBk ,d ,sa
lk ikS/kk gS ftls ;wa rks dgh Hkh mxk;k tk ldrk gS ijUrq ftl izdkj ls
lkSUn;Z izlk/kukas tSls fof'k"V mRiknkas esa bldk mi;ksx cM+s Lrj ij gkuss yxk g
S ¼ftuesa ikS/ks ds
L=ksr] mldh jklk;fud lajpuk rFkk mlds mRiknu dh rduhdh vkfn ds ckjss
esa fo'k"k /;ku
j[kuss+s ,oa O;olkf;d Lrj ij O;ofLFkr [ksrh dh
dh vko';drk gkrh gS½] mlls XokjikBk dh cMvko';drk eglwl gksus ss
yxh gSA egkjk"Vª] xqtjkr rFkk jktLFkku ea dbZ {ks=ksa esa dkQh cM+s iSekuHk gks pq
dh gs d`f"kdj.k d
ij bldh [ksrh izkjaSA bu {k=ksa esa gks jgs bldss vk/kkj ij XokjikBk dh
[ksrh dh mi;qDr fof/k dkss
fuEukuqlkj n[kk tk ldrk gS&
m
mmmmi
iiii;qD
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feV~VhfeV~VhfeV~VhfeV~Vh
;wa rks XokjikBk fofHké izdkj dh fefV~V;ksa esa mxk;k tk ldrk gS ijUrq ;g gYdh jsr
hyh
nkseV rFkk Hkkjh nkseV fefV~V;ksa esa vPnh izdkj iuirk gSA oSlss
;g ikS/kk vflafpr] jrhyh] iFkjhyh
rFkk <+w
ykunkj Hkfe ds fy, T;knk mi;qDr ekuk tkrk gSA ;g Qly tyHkjko dh fLFkfr lgu
ugha dj ikrh rFkk 6-5 ls 8-5 ¼vf/kdre 9-5 ih-,p-rd½] ih-,p- okyh tehuksa esa bldh vP
Nh c<+r
ns[kh xbZ gSA 'kq"d tyok;q rFkk gYdh tehuks
a ds fy, Hkh ;g ,d mi;qDr Qly gSA XokjikBk dh
tM+s tehu esa T;knk xgjh ugha tkrh] vr% 1 ls 1-5 QhV rd xgjh fefV~V;ksa esa Hkh
bls
lQyrkiwoZd yxk;k tk ldrk gSA
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mimimimi;q
;q;q;q;qDr
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tyotyotyotyok;
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bl Qly dks rq"kkj vFkok ikys ls cpk, j[kusss
dh vko';drk gkrh gSA oSl lkekU;r;k bl Qly
ds fy, xeZ rFkk 'kq"d tyok;q T;knk mi;qDr jgrh gSA
Hkw
HkwHkwHkwHkwf
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e dhe dhe dhe dh rS;kjh
rS;kjhrS;kjhrS;kjhrS;kjh
ftl {ksssZ
= esa XokjikBk dh [krh djuh gks ml loizFke [kjirokj vFkok ?kkl vkfn ls eqDr
djuk vko';d gksxk ftlds fy, xzh"e _rq esa 2&3 ckj bl [ksr dh tqrkbZ dh tkuh okaf
Nr
gksxhA [ksr dh xgjh tqrkbZ djuk t:jh ugha gksrk D;ksafd XokjikBk dh tM+s tehu ls
T;knk xgjh
ugha tkrhA bl izdkj 2&3 tqrkb;ka djds [ksZ
r dks rS;kj dj ysuk pkfg,A vPnh izdkj tqrkbdjusss
ds mijkUr izfr ,dM+ yxHkx 3 Vu xkcj [kkn vFkok dEiksLV [kkn vFkok 1-5 Vu dapqvk
[kkn ds lkFk&lkFk 100 fd0xzk0 izkWe tSfod [kkn [ksr eizkWe tSfod
izkWe tSfodizkWe tSfodizkWe tSfod [kkn
[kkn[kkn[kkns
a feyk fn;k tkuk pkfg,A blds vfrfjDr
nhed vkfn lssss
lqj{kk grq [kr esa 200 fd0xzk0 izfr ,dM+ dh nj l uhe [kyh feykuk mi;qDr
gksrk gSA ftl le; XokjikBk dh fctkbZ djuh gks ml le; [ksr dh tqrkbZ djds rFkk fe
V~Vh dks
FkksM+k ueZ cukdj blss
[ksr esa Ms<+&Ms<+ QhV dh nwjh ij eM+s cuk nh tkrh gSA bu esM+ksa dh ÅapkbZ
yxHkx ,d QhV j[kh tkuh pkfg,A
Xokjik
XokjikXokjikXokjikXokjikBk dk
Bk dkBk dkBk dkBk dk izo/kZu
izo/kZuizo/kZuizo/kZuizo/kZu
XokjikBk dk izo/kZu tM+nkj ldlZ vFkok tM+nkj ikS/kksa ¼lkbZM fVylZ½ vFkok chtksa }kj
k
fd;k tkrk gSA izk;% XokjikBk ds iqjkus ikS/ks ds vkl&ikl dkQh ek=k esa NkVss ikS
/ks vFkok lkbZM
fVylZ mx vkrs gSaA bu lkbZM fVylZ vFkok ldlZ dks eq[; ikS/ks ls vyx dj fn;k tkrk
gS rFkk
;gh lkbM fVylZ Iykass
fVax esVsfj;y vFkok cht dk dke djr gSaA ;wa rks XokjikBk ds ikS/k ij cht
Hkh vkrs gSa ijUrq budk mi;ksx fctkbZ gs
rq izk;% ugha fd;k tkrkA
fctk
fctkfctkfctkfctkbZ dh
bZ dhbZ dhbZ dhbZ dh fof/k
fof/kfof/kfof/kfof/k
[ksr rS;kj gks tkus rFkk esM+ss
a vFkok caM cu tkus ds mijkUr bu M<+&Ms<+ QhV dh
M+ksa ij 40&40 l-eh- dh nwjh ij XokjikBk ds
nwjh ij cukbZ xbZ esss ldlZ vFkok lkbZM fVylZ jkfir
dj fn;s tkrssssw
gSaA ;fn tehu de mitkÅ gk rks ikS/k l ikS/ks dh njh ,d&,d QhV Hkh j[kh tk
ldrh gSA izk;% ,d ,dM+ esa fctkbZ gsrq yxHkx 25000 ldlZ vFkok lkbZ
M fVylZ dh vko';drk
iM+rh gSA ;wa rks XokjikBk dh fctkbZ dHkh Hkh dh tk ldrh gS ijUrq o"kkZ _rq ds c
kn dk le;
¼flrEcj& vDVwsq
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fla
flaflaflaflap
ppppkbZ
kbZkbZkbZkbZ dh vko';d
dh vko';ddh vko';ddh vko';ddh vko';drk rFkk fla
rk rFkk flark rFkk flark rFkk flark rFkk flap
ppppkbZ
kbZkbZkbZkbZ O;oLFkk
O;oLFkkO;oLFkkO;oLFkkO;oLFkk
XokjikBk ,d ,slk ikS/kk gS tks 'kq"d Hkwfe;ksa esa Hkh mxk;k tk ldrk gS rFkk fla
pkbZ dh
lqfo/kk okyh Hkwfe;ksa esa HkhA fctkbZ ds rqjar ckn Qly dh ,d gYdh flapkbZ dj nh
tkuh pkfg,A
blh izdkj xzh"e _rq esa tc xehZ iwjs tksjksa ij gks] ml le; bls ,d flapkbZ dh vk
o';drk gksxhA
fdlh Hkh fLFkfr esa nyny dh fLFkfr ugha cuuh pkfg, rFkk ikuh T;knk nsj rd ikS/kk
sa ds ikl
:duk ugha pkfg,A bl izdkj ;wa rks dkQh de flapkbZ O;oLFkk ls Hkh XokjikBk dh Qly
yh tk
ldrh gS ijUrq fofHké 'kks/k dk;ksZ esa ;g ik;k x;k gS fd ;fn flapkbZ dh i;kZIr O;o
LFkk gks rks
XokjikBk ds ikS/kks esa tSy dh ek=k visrh gSA bl izdkj ;fn eghus
a{kkd`r T;knk fodflr gks esa ,d
ckj flapkbZ dh O;oLFkk gks lds rks ikS/kksa esa rS;kj gksus okyh tSy dh ek=k esa
i;kZIr c<+ksRrjh gksxh
rFkk bldk mRiknu Hkh c<+sxkA
ZZ
ZZZZ Z
ZZ rFk
rFkrFkrFkrFkk
kkkk [kjirokj fu;a
[kjirokj fu;a[kjirokj fu;a[kjirokj fu;a[kjirokj fu;a=.k
=.k=.k=.k=.kfua
fuafuafuafuan
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kbkbkbkb&
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bbbbZ
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D;ksafd XokjikBk /khjs c<+us okyk ikS/kk gS vr% fctkbZ ds izFke o"kZ esa [ksr es
a [kjirokj ds
vkus dh laHkkouk gks ldrh gSA bu [kjirokjksa dh lQkbZ dh n`f"V ls [ksr dh fu;fer
va
rjkyksa ij
fuankbZ&xqM+kbZ djuk vko';d gksxkA blls ,d vksj tgk¡ ikS/ks [kjirokjksa ls eqDr jg
sxsa ogha gkFk ls
xqM+kbZ djus dsss dks QSyus
s dkj.k Hkwfe Hkh ueZ cuh jgxh] ftll ikS/kka ds fy, Hkh i;kZIr LFkku
feysxkA blds lkFk&lkFk dbZ ckj ikS/ks tehu ls m[kM+ Hkh ldrs gSa vr% ftu ikS/kka
s ds ikl dh
feV~Vh gV tk, vFkok ikSs
/ks m[kM+us yx] mu ij vPNh izdkj feV~Vh p<+k nh tkuh pkfg,A
[kknh dh vko';
[kknh dh vko';[kknh dh vko';[kknh dh vko';[kknh dh vko';d
ddddr
rrrrk
kkkk
;wa rks XokjikBk dks T;knk [kkn dh vko';drk ugha gksrh ijUrq ;fn mi;qDr le; ij i
kS/kksa
dks i;kZIr ek=k esss
a [kkn fey tk, rks bll mudh c<+r T;knk O;ofLFkr gkxhA bl izdkj izFke
o"kZ ess
a mijksDrkuqlkj [kkn nsu ds lkFk&lkFk vkxkeh o"kksZ esa ekg twu&tqykbZ esa izfr
,dM+ 500 fdxzk-
dspqvk [kkn da
s lkFk&lkFk 50 fd-xzk- izke tSfod dh fMªfyx Hkh dj nh tkuh pkfg,A
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XokjikXokjikXokjikXokjikBk d
Bk dBk dBk dBk dss
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ekfj;kaekfj;kaekfj;kaekfj;ka
vkYVjusfj;k vkYVjusVk rFkk ¶;wtsfj;e lksykuh ds izHkko ls XokjikBk esa yhQ LikWV c
hekjh
gks ldrh gSA blls tgkW ikS/ksa dh c<+okj izHkkfor gksrh gS ogha blls ikS/kksa es
a rS;kj gksus okyh tSy
dh xa/k Hkh izHkkfor gksrh gSA blls lqj{kk grq eSadkstsc vFkok DyksjksFkSuksfuy
dh rhu xzke ek=k dkss,d yhVj ikuh esa ?kksy djdsssa
Lizs fd;k tkuk pkfg,A bul lqj{kk grq tSfod fof/k;k Hkh iz;qDr dh
tk ldrh gSA
Qly d
Qly dQly dQly dQly dh
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dVdVdVdVkb
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rsq
rst /kkj /kkj okys gafl, dk mi;ksx fd;k tkuk pkfg, ftlls iRrs dks uhps ls O;ofLF
kr :i ls
dkVk tk ldssa
A dkVu ds mijkUr ikS/ks ij iqu% iRrs vk tkrs gSa ftUgs vxys o"kZ dkVk tk ldrk
gSA bl izdkj ;g Qly 4&5 o"kZ rd vPNh mit ns ldrh gSA iRrs dkVus ds mijkUr ikS/kk
sa ij
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ldrk gS ftll cpko ds fy, Mk;Fksu tsM&78 vFkok jkMksehy ,e-tsM dk
Lis ikS/kksa ij fd;k tk ldrk gSA
mRiknu dh
mRiknu dhmRiknu dhmRiknu dhmRiknu dh ek=k
ek
ekekek=k
=k=k=k
izk;% ,d o"kZ iqjkuh Qly ls 20 ls 25000 fd-xzs
k- rktk ¼gj½ iRrs izkIr gks tkrs gSaA buds
lkFk gh yxHkx 5&6000 NksszkIr gkass
V ikS/ks ¼lkbZM fVylZ½ Hkh is tkrs gSa ftUgs vkx fctkbZ grq iz;qDr
fd;k tk ldrk gSA XokjikBk dh Qly ls feyus okys+
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tkrh gS ijUrq ckn esa ek=k fxjus yxrh gSA
s
ss
s
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Xokji
XokjiXokjiXokjiXokji
k
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BkBkBkBk
dh [ks
dh [ksdh [ksdh [ksdh [ks
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h ij izh ij izh ij izh ij iz
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[ksrh ij[ksrh ij[ksrh ij[ksrh ij
gksus ok
gksus okgksus okgksus okgksus ok
yk O
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iape o"kZiape o"kZiape o"kZ
1-[ksr dh rS;kjh ij O;; 1500 & & & &
2-[kkn dh ykxr 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000
3-cht dh ykxr ¼25 iSls
izfr ikS/kk½
5000 & & & &
4-fctkbZ ij O;; 1000 & & & &
5-fuankbZ xqM+kbZ ij O;; 1000 800 800 800 800
6-flapkbZ ij O;; 500 500 500 500 500
7-Qly lqj{kk rFkk Vkfudksa
vkfn ij O;;
1000 1000 1000 1000 1000
8-dVkbZ ij O;; 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000
9-<qykbZ vFkok ifjogu ij
O;;
10000 10000 10000 10000 10000
dqy ;ksdqy ;ksx
xdqy ;ksxdqy ;ksdqy ;ksxx
22000
22000220002200022000
14300
14300143001430014300
14300
14300143001430014300
14300
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14300
14300143001430014300
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111
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50000@&50000@&50000@&50000@&
50000@&
50000@&50000@&50000@&50000@&
50000@&
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a ls tSy fudkydj bldh fcdsaaaa
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ikfnikfnikfnikfnr
rrrr djuk& fu%lXokjikBk ls
XokjikBk lsXokjikBk lsXokjikBk ls y m
y my my mnsa
-
---vk/kqfudre rduhdks
vk/kqfudre rduhdksvk/kqfudre rduhdksvk/kqfudre rduhdksa
aa djuk&
djuk&djuk&djuk& ag vR;k/kqfud e'khuks rFkk
mPp rduhdh dk mi;ks
x djds ;fn XokjikBk tSy mRikfnr fd;k tk, rks bldk u dsoy vPNk
ns'kh; cfYd varjkZ"Vªh; Lrj ij Hkh bldk dkQh vPNk cktkj gks ldrk gSA nqHkkZX;o'k v
Hkh rd
bl izdkj dh T;knk bdkbZ;ka LFkkfir ugha gks ikbZ gSA mijksqlkj of.kZr rhuksaa es
sa ls
Drku fof/k;korZeku esa dsoy rktk] iRrksas
dh fcdzh gh ,dek= jkLrk gS ftls XokjikBk dh [krh ds bPNqd
fdlku viuk ldrs gSaA blesa Hkh ;g /;ku j[kus dh vko';drk gS fd ,d rks blds ifjog
u ij
dkQh vf/kd ykxr vkrh gS nwljs ftl izdkj ls XokjikBk dh [ksrh dk izlkj gks jgk gS
mlls
bldh dherks
a esa Hkh fxjkoV vkuk vo';EHkkoh gSA
fu%lansg vkS"k/kh; n`f"V ls XokjikBk ,d vR;f/kd mi;ksxh ikS/kk gS rFkk ftrus vkS
"k/kh; ,oa
lkaSn;Z izlk/kuksa esa bldk orZeku esa mi;ksx gks jgk gS mlls rks ;g yxus yxk gS
tSls ekuks lkjk
vk;qosZn XokjikBk rd gh fleV x;k gks ¼oSls la;qDr jkT; vesfjdk ds varjkZ"Vªh; cktkj
ds
lokZf/kd ekax okys vkS"k/kh; ikS/kksa esa XokjikBk dks lkroka LFkku izkIr gS½A ijU
rq ;fn fdlku dh
n`f"V ls ns[kk tk, rks ;g mruk ykHkizn ¼de ls de orZeku esa½ ugha gSaaaA la{ksi esa
XokjikBk dh
[ksrh djus ds bPNqd fdlkukas dks ;g ckr vPNh rjg /;ku esa j[kuh pkfg, fd D;ksafd
bldh [ksrh
vklku gS] bldh [ksZ as
rh ds fy, T;knk flapkbdh vko';drk ugh gS] bldh [krh fdlh Hkh izdkj
dh tehu ess
a gks ldrh gS] bldk mRiknu dkQh vf/kd gksrk gS rFkk bld ifjogu dh ykxr
dkQh vf/kd vkrh gS vr% tc rd mPp rduhdh ij vk/kkfjr tSy fuekZ.k ds m|ksHk ugha a
x izkjgksrs rc rd XokjikBk dh [kssss
rh dju ds fy, dkQh lkp fopkj dh vko';drk gksxhA fo'k"k :i
ls os fdlku tks fdUghass
cht iznk;dka vFkok ijke'kZnkrkvka vFkok iquZ[kjhnh dk yksHk nsus okys
O;fDr;ksss
a ds vk'oku ij XokjikBk dh [krh djus tk jgs gksa] mUgsa bl cgqmmi;kxh vkS"k/kh;
ikS/ks dh
[ksrh dsas dh vko';drk gksxhA
lnHkZ esa T;knk lpsr jgu
v'oxa
v'oxav'oxav'oxav'oxa/
////k
kkkkk
kkkk
Hkkjrh; fpfdRlk i)fr;ksa esa cgqrk;r esa iz;qDr gksus okys vkS"k/kh; ikS/kksa es
a viuk
fof'k"V LFkku j[krk gSA lksysuslh dqy ds bl 1 ls 4 QqV rd Åaps ikS/ks dk ukx ^^v'o
xa/kk^^
ewyr% blds laLd`r vFkZ ls iM+k gS ftlds 'kkfCnd vfHkizk; gS ^^v'o^^ ds leku ^^xa
/k^^ okykA
bl ikS/ks ds iRrkas dks ely dj lwa/kus ls buesa ls v'o ¼?kksM+s½ ds ew=AvLroy ds tSl
h xa/k
vkrh gS ftllsa laHkor;k bls v'oxa/kk uke feyk gSA blh izdkj bldk uke v'oxa/kk gk
sus
dk nw
ljk dkj.k gks ldrk gS bldk izeq[k vkS"k/kh; xq.k vFkok bldh vkS"k/kh; mi;ksfxrkA
,slk ekuk tkrk gS fd blds lsou ls O;fDr esa v'o ¼?kksM+s½ ds tSlh 'kfDr vk tkrh gs
laHkor;k bl dkj.k ls Hkh bldk ukx v'oxa/kk iM+k gksxkA Hkkjrh; ewy dk ;g vkS"k/k
h;
ikS/kk Hkkjr ds lkFk&lkFk vQxkfuLrku] ikfdLrku rFkk Jhyadk esa Hkh ik;k tkrk gSA
;wa rks
lkekU; detksjh rFkk uasss tSls blds xq.kksa ds dkj.k bldh
eqldrk ds mipkj ea izHkkoh gkurqyuk phuh ^^ftulsx^^ ls dh tkrh gS ijarq fo'o esa
ftruk egRo ftulsaqvk g
x dh izkIr gS
mruk nqHkkZX;oa'k v'oxa/kk dks izkIr ugh gks ik;k gSA fQj Hkh fofHkUu fpfdRlh; m
i;ksaa
xks esbl ikS/ksusssa
viuk egRoiw.kZ LFkku cuk;k gS rFkk /khj&/khj blds fofHkUu vkS"k/kh; mi;ksxksds
oSKkfud izek.k feyus ds lkFk&lkFk ;g ikS/kk yksdfiz;rk vftZr djrk tk jgk gSA
fpfdRlh; mi;ksxksa gsrq vHkh rd bldh miyC/krk izkd`frd lzksrksa ls gh gks jgh Fk
h rFk vHkh
Hkh ;g jktLFkku ds ukxkSj] chdkusj rFkk fiykuj {ks=ksa ea dqN ek=k esa izkd`frd
:i lssmiyC/k gS ijarq blds c<+rs tk jgs mi;ksxksa rFk ekax ds dkj.k bldh vkiwfrZ
lqfuf'pr djus
dh n`f"V ls ;g vko';d gks x;k gS bldh fof/kor [ksrh dh tk,A las
Hkor;k blh mn~ns'; lbldh [ksas
rh e/;izns'k] eanlksj rFkk uhep ftyks esa izkjaHk gqbZ tk vR;kf/kd lQy jghA bl
{ks=ksa esa bl Qly dh lQyrk dks ns[krs gq, orZeku ess
a bldh [ksrh e/;izn'k ds fofHkUu
ftyksaqsª] dukZVd vkfn jkt;ksa esa Hkh izkjHHk
ds lkFk&lkFk xtjkr] jktLFkku] vka/kzizn'k] egkjk"Vgks pqdh gS rFkk vkxs esa vkxs
a dkQh vf/kd la[;k esa fdlku bldh [ksrh dks viukus yxs gSA
1
1111 v
vvvv'
''''oxa/kk d
oxa/kk doxa/kk doxa/kk doxa/kk dss
ssss vkS
vkSvkSvkSvkS"
""""k
kkkk/
////kh; mi;ks
kh; mi;kskh; mi;kskh; mi;kskh; mi;ksx
xxxx
;wa rkssq
v'oxa/kk dk izR;sd Hkkx & tM+sa] iRr] Qy] cht vkfn vkS"k/kh; mi;ksx gsriz;qDr fd
;k tkrk gS ijarq lokZf/kd vkS"k/kh; mi;ksx bldh tMksa ds gS rFkk cktkj esa
laokZf/kd ekax Hkh bldh tM+ks dh gh gS oLrqr% ,d VkWfud ds :i esa bldh tM+sa izO
;sd
O;fDr ds fy, pkgs og L=h gks ;k iq:"k cPpk gks ;k o`) & lcds fy, mi;ksxh gksrh g
SA
v'oxa/kk dh tM+ ds pw.kZ dk rhu eghus rd lsou djus ls detksj cPpksa ds 'kjh dk l
gh
fodkl gksrk gS rFkk mudk 'kjhj g"Viq"V curk gSA lkekU; O;fDr }kjk ysus ij muds '
kjhj
esa LQwfrZ] 'kfFr] pSrU;rk rFkk dkafr vk tkrh gSA blh izdkj pg lHkh izdkj ds oh;
Z fodkjkasdks feVk djds cy&oh;Z c<+krk gS rFkk /kkrqvksa dks iq"V djrk gSA blds
lsou ls 'kjhj dk
bqcykiu feVrk gS rFkk ;g ekalo/kZu dk dk;Z Hkh djrk gSA ;g ul&ukfM+;kasa dks rks
lqxa
fBr
djrk gh gS ijarq bldsws
lsou ls eksVkik ugh vkrkA xfB;k] /kkrq] e= rFkk isV ds jkxksa ds
fuokj.k esa blusas mipkj esa
viuh mi;ksfxrk loZ= fl) dh gS [kk;h] 'okl rFkk [kqtyh dHkh ;g mi;ksxh ik;k tkrk
gSA blds fu;fer lsou ls O;fDr esa jksx izfrjks
/kd {kerk c<+rh
gS] mls yacs le; rd fpj;kSou dh izkfIr gksrh gSA rFkk o`)koLFkk ds jkx O;fDr ls
dkQh
le; rd nwj jgrs gSA efgykvksa dh chekfj;kas esa Hkh ;g dkQh mi;ksxh ik;k tkrk gS
] blds
fu;fer mi;ksx ls ukjh dh xHkZ/kkj.k {kerk c<+rh gS] izloksaijkar muesa nw/k dh o
`f) gksrh gS
rFkk mudh 'osr iznj] dej] nnZ ,oa lkekU: 'kkjhfjd detksjh vkfn ls tqM+h leLr
leL;k,a nwj gksrh gSA
v'oxa/kk ds fpfdRlh; mi;ksaa ds oSKkfud ifj.kke tkuusqa
xks gsr dbZ 'kks/kdrkZvks ud
fofHkUu jkss gsrq bldk mi;ksx fd;k gSA buesa ls MkW dqIiqjktu rFk muds
xksa ds mipkjkalg;ksfx;ksa us o"kZ 1980 esa 50 ls 60 o"kZ ds chp ds iq:"kksa ij
m'oxa/kk dk izHko nss
[ku ds
mn~ns'; ls mUgsa ,d o"kZ rd v'oxa/kk ds ewy dk ,d&,d xzke pw.kZ fnu esa rhu ckj
,d
o"kZ rd fn;k A bl ,d o"kZ ds v/;;u esa mUgksus ik;k fd ftu O;fDr;ksa dks v'oxa/k
k pq.kZ
fn;k x;k Fkk muds fgeksXyksfcu rFkk yky jDr d.kksa dh la[;k esa mu O;fDr;ksa dh
rqyuk easftUgsa v'oxa/kk pw.kZ ugh fn;k x;k Fkk] mYys[kuh; lq/kkj ns[kk x;kA jDr
ls lacf/kr bu
lq/kkjksa ds lkFk&lkFk bu O;fDr;kas ds cyksa dk dkykiu Hkh c<k] mudh >qdh gqbZ d
ej dh
gkyr esa Hkh lq/kkj gqvk rFkk muds [kM+s gksus dk rjhdk Hkh lq/kjkA gqvk rFkk mu
ds [kMsa+ gksus
dk rjhdk Hkh lq/kjkA v'oxa/kk ds lsou ls bu O;fDr;ksa dk lhje dksys
LVªkWay Hkh de gqvkA
blh izdkj fo|kizHkq rFkk muds lg;ksfx;ksa uss
o"kZ 1990 ea ik;k fd v'oxa/kk ds lsou O;fDr
dh lkekU; o`f) dk fodkl gksrk gS tcfd mek nss
oh rFkk muds lg;ksafx;kas 1993 u ik;k fd
v'oxa/kk dSlj ls yM+us dh {kerk fodflr djrk gS o"kZ 1982 esa fd, x, ,d v/;;u esa
chih-'
kkW ,oa ,y-,u-eSrh us veyfir ij v'oxa/kk dk izHkko tkuus gsrq ,sls 91 O;fDr;ksa
dks
v'oxa/kk dk lsou djok;k x;k tks xSLVªkbVl] ,flfMVh rFkk vYlj ls ihfM+r FksA bl
v/;;u ds varxZr nu O;fDr;ksa dks v'oxa/kk rFkk eqySBh dk fu;fer lsou djokus ij ;
g
ik;k x;k fd blls bu O;fDr;ksa dh xSLVªkbVl] ,flfMVh rFkk vYlj tSls llelL;kvksa esa
mYys[kuh; lq/kkj gqvkA blls iwoZ o"kZ 1977 essa viu
a Jh ,l-ih-flag rFkk muds lg;ksfe;ksa us
'kks/k dk;Z esa ik;k fd v'oxa/kk nnZuk'kd gksus ds lkFk&lkFk tkM+ksa ds nnZ ds m
ipkj es
a Hkh
ykHkdkjh gS rFk blesa ssss
lwtj de dju d xq.k Hkh ik, tkr gS v'oxa/kk ds lsou ls mRrtuk
rFkk volkn Hkh de gskrs gS] ;s fu"d"kZ gS ,d egRoiw.kZ v/;;u ds tks o"kZ 1979 es
a Jh vkj
,p-flga us ,d cM+sa lewg ij fd, x, iz;ksxksa ds vk/kkj ij fudkysA
mDr jDrpki ij v'oxa/kk dk D;k izHkko iM+rk gS ;g tkuus ds fy, ;wa rks dbZ
'ksa Z
/kdk;Z gks pqds gS ijUrq bl lanHkZ esa Jh lh-,y-eygks=k rFkk muds lg;ksfx;ks}kjk
o"k1982 rFkk 1985 ,oa Jh vgeknk ,Q }kjk o"kZ 1990 es
a fd, x, v/;;u vis{kkd`r T;knk
O;ofLFkr FksA bu nskuksa gh 'kks/kdrkZvksa us ;g ik;k ffd v'oxa/kk ds lsou ls fo
fHkUu lewgksa ds
mPp jDrpki esa mYys[kuh; deh vkbZA blh izdkj ,l- yDdM+ us o"kZ 1981 esa ?kqVus d
s
vfLFklaf/k jkss
c ls ihfM+r ,d lewg dks ,d fuf'pr vof/k rd v'oxa/kk dk lou djokus ij
;g ik;k fd lewg esa ls 61 izfr'kr O;fDr;ksa dsk blls dkQh vf/kd ykHk gqvkA efgyk
vksa dh
chekfj;kssa ds mipkj eas v'oxa/kk ds lsou dk izHkko tkuus gsrq bZ- jkT;y{eh us o
"kZ 1980 esa
efgykvkks ds ,d leg ds lkFk fd, x, ,d v/;;u ea ;g ik;k fd Y;wss ihfM+r
awsdkfj;k lftu efgykvksa dks v'oxa/kk dk lsou djok;k x;k Fkk muesa ls 80 izfr'kr
efgykvksa dh
Y;wdksfj;k dh leL;k iw.kZr;k lekIr gks xbZ rFkk dkQh le; rd ;g nkss[kh xbZA
ckjk ugh nbl izdkj tkga fofHkUu chekfj;ka ds mipkj esa v'oxa/kk dh mi;ksfxrk ikb
Z xbZ gS ogh
oSKkfud Ji ls lapkfyr fd, x, v/;;uksa ,oa 'kks/kdk;ksZ esa Hkh ;g fl) gks pqdk g
S fd
v'oxa/kk ds fu;fer lsou ls gseksXyksfcu rFkk yky jDr d.kksa dh la[;k esa o`f) gk
srh gS %
blls nwcZyrk nwj gskrh gS] O;fDr dh lkekU; cqf) dk fodkl gksrk gSA dSUlj ls yM+u
s dh
{kerk fodflr gksrh gS] xSLVªkbVl] ,flfMVh vYlj esa lq/kkj gskrk gs % tksM+ksa ds n
nZ dk
mipkj gksrk gS % mPp jDrpki esa deh vkrh gS rFkk fL=;ksa dh chekfj;kasa fo'ks
"kr;k Y;wdksfj;k
ls futkr feyrh gSA bl izdkj v'oxa/kk ,d vR;kf/kd Lrj ij c<+rh tk jgh ekax dh iwf
rZ
bldh o`gn Lrj ij [ksrh djds gh dh tk ldrh gSA
2
2222 v
vvvv'
''''oxa/kk dh
oxa/kk dhoxa/kk dhoxa/kk dhoxa/kk dh [k
[k[k[k[kss
ssss
r
rrrrh
hhhh dh fof
dh fofdh fofdh fofdh fof/
////k
kkkkv'oxa/kk ewyr% 'kq"d izns

'kksa dk vkS"k/kh; ikS/kk gS laHkor;k ;g dguk vuqfpr ugh

gksxk fd orZeku esa ftu vkS"k/kh; ikS/kks dh [ks+ Lrj ij gks jgh gs muesa v'oxa/
kk
arh dkQh cMsviuk izeq[k LFkku j[krk gSA ,d vuqeku ds vuqlkj orZeku esa gekjs nsa
'k ds fofHkUu Hkkxksa esyxHkx 4000 gSDVs;j ds {ks= esa bldh [ksrh gks jgh gS ftl
ds dbZ xquk vf/kd c<k, tk
ldusss
dh laHkkouk,a gSA orZeku esa bldh O;kid Lrj ij [krh e/;izn'k ds fofHkUu Hkkxksa
ds
lkFk& lkFk jktLFkku] egkjk"Vª] xqtjkr] vk/kzizn'k] dukZVd vkfn jkT;ksa esa gksuss
yxh gSA bu
{ks=ksa esa gq, fdlkuks ds vuqHkoks`f"k rduhd fuEukuqlkj le>h
aa ds vk/kkj ij v'oxa/kk dh dtk ldrh gS&
2-2
222---11
111v
vvvv'
''''oxa/kk dk
oxa/kk dkoxa/kk dkoxa/kk dkoxa/kk dk thou
thouthouthouthou pØ
pØpØpØpØ
;wa rksa
v'oxa/kk ,d cgqo"khZ; ikS/kk gS rFkk ;fn blds fy, fujrj flapkbZ vkfn dh
O;oLFkk gksrh jgs rks ;g dbZ o"kksZ s
rd py ldrk gS ijarq bldh [krh ,d 6&7 ekg dh
Qly ds :i esa dh tkrh gS izk;% bls nsjh dh [kjhQ ¼flrEcj ekg½ dh Qly ds :i esa
yxk;k tkrk gS rFkk tuojh&Qjojh ekg esa bls m[kkM+ fy;k tkrk gsA bl izdkj bls ,d
6&7 ekg dh Qly ds Ji esa ekuk tk ldrk gS ftldh fctkbZ dk lokZf/kd mi;qDr le;
flrEcj eghuk gksrk gSA
2-2
222---22
222 m
mmmmi
iiii;qD
;qD;qD;qD;qDr
rrrr t
tttty
yyyyok
okokokok;q
;q;q;q;q
v'oxa/kk 'kq"d ,oa le'khrks".k {ks=ksa dk ikZ/kk gSA bldh lgh c<+r ds fy, 'kq"d
ekSle
T;knk mi;qDr gksrk gSA izk;% bls vxLr&flrEcj ekg easyxk;k tkrk gS rFkk Qjojh ekg
esa
bls m[kkM+ fy;k tkrk gSA bl nkSjku bls nks ;k rhu gYdh flpkbZ;ksa dh vko';drk gs
krh
gSA ;fn 'khr _rq ds nkSjku 2&3 ckfj'ksa fuf'pr varjky ij iM+ tk,a rks vfrfjDr fl
apkbZ
dh vko';drk ugh jgrh rFkk Qly Hkah vPNh gks tkrh gSA oSls bl Qly dks T;knk
flpkbZ dh vko';drk ugh gksrh rFkk ;fn fctkbZ ds le; Hkwfe esa mfpr ueh ¼mxko ds
fy,½ gks rFkk ikS/kksa ds mxko ds ckn chp esa ¼ikS/ks mxkus ds 35&40 fnu ckn½ ;fn ,d
ckfj'k@flpkbZ gks lds rks blls vPNh Qly izkIr gksus dh vis{kk dh tk ldrh gSA
2-2
222---33
333Hkwfe
HkwfeHkwfeHkwfeHkwfe dk
dkdkdkdk izdkj
izdkjizdkjizdkjizdkj
,d tM+nkj Qly gksus ds dkj.k v'oxa/kk dh [ksa
rh mu fefê;ks esa T;knk lQy gks
ldrk gS tks ueZ rFkk iksyh gks rkfd buesa Qly dh tM+s T;knk xgjkbZ rd tk ldsA bl
izdkj jsrhyh nks
eV fefê;ka rFkk gYdh yky fefê;ka bldh [ksrh ds fy,mi;qDr ekuh tkrh
gSA izk;% 6-5 ls 8-5 ih-,p- rd dh fefê;ksa esa bldh lgh c<+r gksrh gS rFkk buesa m
Riknu
Hkh dkQh vPNk feyrk gSA ;g Hkwfe ,slh gksuh pkfg, ftlesa ls ty fudkl dh leqfpr
O;oLFkk gkasss
rFkk ikuh Hkwfe esa :drk u gksA v'oxa/kk dh [krh ds lanHkZ esa ;g ckr fo'k"k :i
ls ns[kh xbZ gS fd ;g Hkkjh e`nkvkas esa T;knk mRiknu nsrh gSA izk;% ns[kk x;k g
s fd Hkkjh
e`nkvksa esa ikS/ks rks dkQh cM+s&cM+s gsk tkrs gS ¼gcsat c<+ tkrh gS½ ijarq tM+ksa
dk mRiknu
vis{kkd`r de gh feyrk gSA bl izdkj v'oxa/kk dh [ks
rh ds fy, de mitkÅ] mfpr
tyfudkl okyh] jsrhyh&nksxV vFkok gYdh yky jx dh feêh ftlesaa i;kZIr thoka'k dh
ek=k gks] mi;qDr ekuh tkrh gSA
2-2
222---44
444 v
vvvv'
''''oxa/kk dh
oxa/kk dhoxa/kk dhoxa/kk dhoxa/kk dh izeq[
izeq[izeq[izeq[izeq[k
kkkk mUu
mUumUumUumUur
rrrr'
''''khy fd
khy fdkhy fdkhy fdkhy fdL
LLLLe
eeeeasas
sasaasas
v'oxa/kk dh eq[;r;k nks fdLesa T;knk izpyu esa gS ftUgas T;knk mRiknu nsus okyh
fdLesa ekuk tkrk gSA ;s fdLesa gS& tokgj vlxa/k&20] tokgj vlxa/k&134 rFkk MCY;w-
,l&
90&100A oSls orZeku esa vf/kdka'kr% Tokgj vlaxa/k&20 fdLe fdlkuksa esa Tpknk yks
dfiz;
gsA
2-2
222---55
555 v
vvvv'
''''ox
oxoxoxoxa/
a/a/a/a/k
kkkkk
kkkk d
ddddh
hhhh jk
jkjkjkjklk
lklklklk;f
;f;f;f;fud
udududud l
llllaa
aaaa
j
jjjjp
ppppuk
ukukukuk
v'oxa/kk esa vuss gS ftues eq{; gS& foFkfuu rFkk
dksa izdkj ds ,YdksbM~l ik, tkralkseuhQsjsu buds vfrfjdr buds iRrks esa ikap ,yd
ykaasbM~l ¼dqy ek=k 0-09 izfr'kr ½ Hkh
ik, tkus dh iwf"V gqbZ gS gkykafd vHkh mudh lgh igpku ugh gks xbZ gS blds lkFk&l
kFk
fonkuksss
ykbM~l] Xyk;dklkbM~l] Xywdkst+ rFkk dbZ vehuksa ,flM~l Hkh buesa ik, x, GDyksuks
sSful rFkk ¶ysosuk;M~l dh mifLFkfr Hkh blesa ns[kh xbZ gsA
tfud ,flM+ dUMsULM V
v'oxa/kk dk eq[; mi;ksxh Hkkx bldh tM+s gksrh gSA Hkkjrh; ifjfLFk;ksa esa izkIr
gkuss
okyh v'oxa/kk dh tM+ksa esa 0-13 ls 0-31 izfr'kr rd ,YdyksbM~l ik, tkrs gS ¼tcfd f
dUnh
nwsbudh ek=k 4-3izfr'kr rd Hkh n[kh xbZ gsA½ bldh tM+ks ea
ljh ifjfLFkfr;ksa ea sasls fyu 13
,YdyksbM~l dks i`Fkd fd;k tk ldrk gS] os gS & dksykhu] Vªksiuksy] lwMksVªksiuksy] ,uÝh
u]
,ukgkbxzhu fcnklkspukbu rFkk dbZ vU; LVªk;ks;My ySDVksUlA ,YdyksbMl ds vfrfjDr
bldh tMksa esa LVkWpZ] jhM~;wflx lqxlZ] gSfUVª;kdksUVsu] XykdkslkbM~l] MqfYlVkWy]
fonkfufly ]
,d vEy rFkk ,d mnklhu dEikmUM Hkh ik;k tkrk gSA
2-2
222-6fctk
fctkfctkfctkfctkbZ
bZbZbZbZ ls
lslslsls i
iiiiww
wwww S;k
;kS;k;kS;kjh
jhjhjhjh
--6
666 oZ
oZoZoZoZ [k
[k[k[k[ksr
srsrsrsr dh
dhdhdhdh r
rrrrS
SS
;|fi orZeku esa v'oxa/kk dh [kss vf/kadk[k fdlkukas }kjk bl Qly ds
rh dj jgalanHkZ esa dksbZ fo'ksS
"k r;kjh ugh dh tkrh rFkk bls ,d^^ukWulhfj;l^^ Qly ds :i es fy;k
tkrk gs] ijarq O;olkf;drk rFkk vf/kdkf/kd mOiknu dh n`f"V ls ;g vko';d gksxk ;fn
lHkh d`f"k fØ;k,a O;oFLFAr :i ls dh tk,A blds fy, loZizFke tqykbZ&vxLr ekg esa ,d
ckj vkM+h&frjNh tqrkbZ djds [ksr rS;kj dj fy;k tkrk gSA rnqijkar izfr ,dM+ ,d ls
nks
Vªkyh xkscj [kkn izfr,dM+ dh nj ls Mkyuk Qly dh vPNh c<+r ds fy, mi;qDr jgrk
gSA ;|fi v'oxa/kk dh Qly dh [kkn ds T;knk Hkjh ^^Mkst^^ dh vko';drk ugh iM+rh ij
arq
fQj Hkh 1 ls 2 Vu izfr ,dM+ rks [kkn Mkyuh gh pkfg,A gka! ;fn iwoZ esa yh xbZ Ql
y esaa
T;knk [kkn Mkyk x;k gks rks blds iwokZo'ks"k ¼jSlhM~;wt+½ ls Hkh dke pyk;k tk ldrk g
SA
[kkn [ksr esa feyk fn, tkus ds mijkUr [ksr esa ikVk pyk fn;k tkrk gSA
2-2
222---77
777fctk
fctkfctkfctkfctkbZ dh
bZ dhbZ dhbZ dhbZ dh fof?k
fof?kfof?kfof?kfof?k
v'oxa/kk dh fctkbZ nksuks izdkj ls dh tk ldrh gS&
d-
lh/kh [ksr esa cqvkbZ
e-
ulZjh cukdj ikS/kksa dsk [ks
r esa VªkalIykaV djukA
bu ns

kuksa fof/k;ksa ds fooj.k fuEukuqlkj gS&

d
ddd-
---lh
lhlhlhlh/
////kh [
kh [kh [kh [kh [k
kkkks
ss
d-s
ss
r
rrrr es
esesesesa f
a fa fa fa fc
cccctkbZ
tkbZtkbZtkbZtkbZlh/kh [kss

r esa fctkbZ djus dh fof/k esa eq[;r;k nk izfØ;k,a viukbZ tkrh gS& 1fNVdoka
fof/k rFkk ykbu ls fctkbZ T;knkrj fdlku buesa ls fNVdoka fof/k viukrs gS
D;ksafd v'oxa/kk ds cht dkQh gYds gksrs gS vr% bues
a ikap xquk ckyw jsr feyk yh tkrh gSA
rnqijkar [ksr easa gYdk gy pyk djds v'oxa/kk ckyw fefJr chtksa dh [ksr esa fNM+d
fn;k
tkrk gS rFkk Åij ls ikVk ns fn;k tkrk gSA ,d ,dM+ ds fy, 5 fd-xzk- cht i;kZZIr gks
rs
gSA
ykbu ls fctkbZ djus dh n'kk esa xsgwa vFkok lks;kchu dh fctkbZ dh rjg lhM fMªy
nsqQu ls fctkbZ dh tkrh gSaA nkuksa esa ls fof/k pkgs tks Hkh viuk,a ijarq ;g
'khgy vFkok ns/;ku j[kuk pkfg, fd cht tehu ls T;knk xgjk ¼3 ls 4 ls-eh-ls T;knk xg
jk ugh½ u
tk,A bl fof/k ls fctkbZ djus ij ykbu ls ykbu dh nwjh 30 ls-eh-rFkk ikS/ks ls ikS
/ks dh
nw
jh 4 ls-eh- j[kuh mi;qDr jgrh gSA
e-e
eee-
---ulZ
ulZulZulZulZj
jjjjh cu
h cuh cuh cuh cukd
kdkdkdkdj
jjjj [
[[[[k
kkkkss
ssss sa ikS/
a ikS/sa ikS/a ikS/sa ikS/ks
skkkks ss
ssss
r
rrrr e
eeee yxku
yxkuyxkuyxkuyxkuk
kkkk
bl fof/k ls fctkbZ djus dks n'kk esa loZizFke jsTM ulZjh csM~l cuk, tkrs gS ftUg
aas[kkn vkfn Mky dj vPNh izdkj rS;kj fd;k tkrk gSA rnqijkUr bl csM~l ea 4 fd-xsz
k- izfr
,dM+ dh nj ls v'oxa/kk dk cht Mkyk tkrk gS ftls bYdh feêh Mky djds nck fn;k
tkrk gSA yxHkx 10 fnuksa esa bl chtksa dk mxko gks tkrk gS rFkk N% lIrkg ds mijk
Ur tc
;s ikS/ks yxHkx 5&6 ls-eh-Åaps gks tk, rc bUgssa [ksr ea VªkaaV dj fn;k tkrk gSA
a cMslIyk
2-2
222---88
888 dkS
dkSdkSdkSdkSu
uuuu lh
lhlhlhlh f
ffffo
oooof/
f/f/f/f/k
kkkk T;k
T;kT;kT;kT;kn
nnnnk mi;qDr
k mi;qDrk mi;qDrk mi;qDrk mi;qDr gS& lh?kh
gS& lh?khgS& lh?khgS& lh?khgS& lh?kh f
ffffo
ooootkbZ vFkok ulZj
tkbZ vFkok ulZjtkbZ vFkok ulZjtkbZ vFkok ulZjtkbZ vFkok ulZjh
hhhh fof?k
fof?kfof?kfof?kfof?k
;|fi ulZjh esikS/ks r;kj djds budks [ksas VªklIykaV djuk dbZ ek;uksa ea
a Sr essykHkdkjh
gks ldrk gSar tgka rd mRiknu rFkk tMksq.koRrk dk iz'u gS rks
ijqa dh x lh/kh fctkbZ esa
izkIr mRiknu T;knk vPNk gksuk ik;k tkrk gSA fofHkUu vuql/kkuksa esa ;g ns[kk x;k
gSa fd
lh/kkh fctkbZ djuss
ij eqlyk tM+ dh o`f) vPNh gkrh gS rFkk cgq/kk ,d 'kk[kk okyh lh/kh
tM+ izkIr gksrh gSA tcfd jksS;kj fd, x, ikS/kksa esns[kk x;k fd buesa ewlyk
i.k fof/k ls ra
tM+ dk fodkl vf/kd gkss
rk gSA bl izdkj ds ikS/kksa esa lgk;d tMka dh vkSlru la[;k 8
rd ikbZ xbZ gS blh izdkj lh/kh fctkbZ djus ij tMksa dh vkSlru yackbZ 22 las-eh-r
Fkk
eksVkbz 12 fe-eh- rd ikbZ xbZ gS tcfd jksi.k fof/k ls rS;kj ikS/kksa esa tMksa d
h vkSlru yackbZ
14 ls-eh-rFkk eksVkbZ 8 fe-eh-rd ikbZ xbZ gS blds vfrfjDr ;g Hkh ns
[kk x;k gs fd lh/kh
fctkbZ djusa s'ksa dh ek=k de vkrh gS tcfd jksS;kj ikS/kksa dh tMaks
ij tM+ksesa j
i.k fof/k ls r
esa s
a
j'kk vf/kd ik;k tkrk gS rFkk ;s tMs vklkuh ls VwV ugh ikrh gS bl izdkj bu
vuql/kkuksa ds ifj.kkeksa ds vk/kkj ij ;g fu?d"kZ fudkyk tk ldrk gS fd v'oxa/kk
dh
fctkbZ gsrq jkss`f"V ls T;knk ykHkdkjh
i.k ¼ulZjh½ fof/k dh vis{kk lh/kh fctkbZ djuk izO;d ngS vr% fdlkuksa }kjk ;gh fof?k
viukus dh lykg nh tkrh gSA
2-2
222---88
888fctk
fctkfctkfctkfctkbZ ls i
bZ ls ibZ ls ibZ ls ibZ ls iww
wwww
oZ
oZoZoZoZ chtksa dk mi
chtksa dk michtksa dk michtksa dk michtksa dk mipkj
pkjpkjpkjpkj
v'oxa/kk ds lanHkZ esa MkbZ oSd vFkok lhM jkWfVx ohekfj;ka dkQh lkekU; gS rFkk b
uls
mxrs gh ikS/ks >qylus ls yxrs gS ftlls izkjaHk esa gh ikS/kksa dh la[;k dkQh de
gks tkrh gSA
bl jks`f?V ls vko';d gksxk ;fn chtks
x ds fuokj.k izkjaEHk dh na dk mi;qDr mipkj fd;k
tk,A blds fy, chtksaz
dk dSIVkWu] Fkhje vFkok Mk;Fkse ,e&45 ls 3 xzke izfr fd-xk-cht
dh nj ls mipkj djuss
ls bu jkxks ls cpko gks ldrk gS tSfod fof/k;ksa ds vUrxZr cht dk
xkSew= ls mipkj fd;k tkuk vi;ksxh jgrk gSA blh izdkj oksdkgkVZ dEiuh ds ck;kst+k
be
lhM Iyl ¼2 ls 2-5 fe-yh- ek=k dh 25 ls 50 fe-yh- ikuh esa feykdj blls ,d fd-xzk- c
ht
dks mipkfjr djuk½ ls cht mipkfjr djus ds Hkh dkQh vPNsa ifj.kke ns[ks x;s gSA
2-2
222---99
999ikS
ikSikSikSikS/
////kks
kkskkskkskksa dk
a dka dka dka dk f
ffffo
ooooj
jjjjy
yyyyu
uuuu
lh/kh fof/k fo'kss
?kr;k fNVdoka fof/k ls fctkbZ dju dh n'kk esa izk;% ikS/kksa dk
fojyhdj.k djuk vko';d gks tkrk gSA ;g fojyhdj.k fctkbZ ds 25&30 fnu ds ckn dj
fn;k tkuk pkfg,A ;g fojyhdj.k bl izdkj fd;k tkuk pkfg, fd ikS/ks ls ikS/ks dh nw
jh 4
ls-eh- rFkk drkj ds drkj dh nwjh 30 ls-eh-ls T;knk u jgAs
2-2
222-10
[k
[k[k[k[kj
jjjji
iiiir
rrrro
ooookj
kjkjkjkj f
ffffu
uuuu;
;;;;aa=.k
aa=.kaa=.kaa=.kaa=.k
--10
101010
v'oxa/kk Qlyksa dh rjg v'oxa/kk dh Qly es Hkh [kjirokj vk ldrs gS ftuds
fu;asa gkFk ls gh funkbZ&xqMkbZ dh tkuh pkfg,A ;g funkbZ de ls de ,d ckj
=.k grqvo'; dh tkuh pkfg, rFkk tc ikS/ksa yxHkx 40&45 fnu ds gks tk, rc [ksr dh
gkFk ls
funkbS dj nh tkuh pkfg,A ikS/kksa ds fojyhdj.k rFkk [kjirokj fu;a=.k dk dk;Z lkF
k&lkFk
Hkh fd;k tk ldrk gSA
2-2
222-11
[
[[[[k
kkkkk
kkkkn
nnnn dh vko'
dh vko'dh vko'dh vko'dh vko';drk
--11
111111;d
;d;d;drk
rkrkrk
v'oxa/kk dh Qly dks T;knk [kkn dh vko';drk ugh iMrh rFkk ;fn blls iwoZ esa
yh xbZ Qly esa [kkn dk dkQh mi;ksx fd;k x;k gks rks ml Qly esa iz;qDr [kkn ds
cpko ls gh v'oxa/kk dh Qly yh tk ldrh gSA ;wa Hkh bl Qly dks T;knk ukbVªkstu dh
vko';drk ugh iM+rh D;ksfd T;knk ukbVªkstu nssS
us ls ikS/ksa ij ^^gcsZt^^ rk dkQh vk tkrh gijarq tMaks dk i;kZIr fodkl ugh gks
ikrk oSls bl Qly ds fy, tks [kkn dh izfr ,dM+
vuq'kflr ek=k gS og gS& 8 fd-xzk- ukbVªkszk- LQqj rFkk 16 fd-x
tu 24 fd-xzk- iksVk'kA bu
vo;oksa dh iwfrZ tSfod fof/k ls rS;kj [kknh lsa Hkh dh tk ldrh gSA
2-2
222-12
Q
QQQQl
lllly
yyyy ls l
ls lls lls lls laa
aaaa
--12
121212cf
cfcfcfcfU/k
U/kU/kU/kU/kr
rrrr izeq[k chekfj
izeq[k chekfjizeq[k chekfjizeq[k chekfjizeq[k chekfj;kaa r
;kaa r;kaa r;kaa r;kaa rF
FFFFkk jksx
kk jksxkk jksxkk jksxkk jksx
v'oxa/kk dh Qly easeq[;r;k ekgw&eksyk dk izdksi gks ldrk gS ftls eSVkflLVksDl
dh 1-50 feyh yhVj ek=k ,d yhVj ikuh esa feykdj fNMdko djusa
ls fu;f=r fd;k tk
ldrk gSA blds vfrfjDr gksussaa
jkxks vFkok chekfj;ks ftles tM+ lM+u ikS/k xyu vFkok
>qylk jks
x izeq[k gS ¼fo'ks"kdj tc ekSle esa vnZrk rFkk xehZ vf/kd gks½ ds fu;a=.k dk
lokZf/kd mi;qDr mipkj gS chtksa dks mipkfjr djds fctkbZ djuk ¼ftldk fooj.k ihNs
fn;k x;k gS½ blds mijkar Hkh tc ikS/ks cM+s gks tk,a ¼20&25 fnu ds½ rks 15&15 fnu ds
varjkay ij xkSew= vFkok Mk;Fksu ,e&45 dk fNM+dko fd;k tkuk Qly dks vf/kdka'k jks
xksa
ls eqDr j[ksxkA
2-2
222-13flapkbZ
flapkbZflapkbZflapkbZflapkbZ dh
dhdhdhdh O
OOOO;
;;;;oLFkk
oLFkkoLFkkoLFkkoLFkk
--13
131313
v'oxa/kk dkQh de flapkbZ esa vPNh mit nuss okyh Qly gS A ,d ckj vPNh izdkj
mx tkus ¼fotkbZ ds le; Hkwfe esa i;kZIr ueh gksuh pkfg,½ds mijkar ckn esa bls ek= ns
k
flpkbZ;ksasssw
dh vko';drk gksrh gS& ,d mxu d 30&35 fnu d ckn rFkk nljh mlls
60&70 fnu ds mijkar blls vf/kd flapkbZ dh vko';drk bl Qly dsk ugh gksrhA ;fn
fuf'pr varjkyksa ij ekoBs dh ckfj'k fejrh jgs rks bl Qly ds fy, vfrfjDr flpkabZ
dh
vo';drk ugh gksrh gSA
2-2
222-14Ql
QlQlQlQly d
y dy dy dy dk
kkkk i
iiiid
ddddu
uuuuk
kkkk r
rrrrF
FFFFk t
k tk tk tk tM
MMMMks
ksksksksaa
aaaa d
ddddh
hhhh [
[[[[k
kkkkqn
nqnnqnkb
kbkbkbkbZ
ZZ ¼
¼¼¼¼g
ggggkj
kjkjkjkjo
oooozf
fzffzfL
LLLLV
VVVVx
xxxx½
½½½½
--14
141414 q
qqZz
zZZz
fotkbZ ds yxHkx 5&5& 1@2 ekg ds mijkUr ¼izk;% Qjojh ekg dh 15 rkjh[k ds
djhc½ tc v'oxa/kk dh ifRr;ka ihyh iMus yxs rFkk buds Åij vk, Qy ¼cksfj;ka½ idus
yxs vFkok Qyks ds Åij dh ijr lw[kus yxs rs
k v'oxa/kk ds ikS/kks dks m[kkMa fy;k tkuk
pkfg, A ;fn flpkbZ dks O;oLFAk gsk rks s
ikS/kksa dks m[kkM+us ls iwoZd [kr esa gYdh flapkbZ nh
tkuh pkfg,A gkaykfd ;fn flpkbZ dh O;oLFkk gks rFkk Qly dks fujarsj ikuh fn;k tkr
k jgs
rks ikS/ks
a gjs gh jgsxsa ijarq Qly dks vf/kd le; rd [ksr esas yxk ugh jgus fn;k tkuk
pkfg, D;ksfd blls tMksa esa js'ks dh ek=k c<axh tksfd Qly dh xq.koRrk dks izHkkf
or
djs
xh
m[kkM+us ds rRdky ckn tM+ksa dsk ikS/kksa ¼rus½ ls vyx dj fn;k tkuk pkfg, rFkk
buds lkFk yxh jsss
r feêh dk lkQ dj fn;k tkuk pkfg,A dkVu ds mijkUr bUgsa yxHkx 10
fnukas rd Nk;k okys LFkku ij lq[kk;k tkrk gS rFkk tc ;s tMs+ rksMaus ij ^^[kV^^
dh vkokt
ls VwVus yxs rks le>k fy;k tkuk pkfg, fd ;s fcØh ds fy, rS;kj gSA
2-2
222-15tM+ks
tM+kstM+kstM+kstM+ksaa
aaaa
--15
151515 dh
dhdhdhdh xzs
xzsxzsxzsxzsf
ffffMax
MaxMaxMaxMax
lq[kkus ds ckn ;wa rks oSls Hkh tMs+ csph tk ldrh gS ijUraq mRiknu dk lgh ewY; i
zkIr
djus dh n`f"V ls ;g mi;qDr gksrk gS fd tM+ks dks xzsfMx djds cspk tk,A bl n~f"V
ls
tM+ksa dks fuEukuqlkj 3&4 xzsMksa esas Js.khd`r fd;k tk ldrk gS&
d-d
ddd-
---^v^ xzsM
MMMM &
&&&&
^v^ xzs
^v^ xzs^v^ xzs^v^ xzsbl Js.kh esa eq[;r;k tM dk Åij okyk Hkkx vkrk gS tks izk;%
pedhyk rFkk gYds fNyds okyk gksrk gS tM+ dk ;g Hkkx vanj ls BksS
l rFkk lQsn gksrk grFkk blesa LVkpZ vf/kd rFkk ,YdyksbM~l de ik, tkrs gSA bl Hkk
x dh vkSlr yackbZ 5 ls
7 ls-eh-rFkk bldk O;kl 10 ls 12 fe-eh- jgrk gS
[k
[k[k[k[k-
----^c^ xzssM
sMsMsM
M &
&&&& bl Js.kh esa tM+ dk chp okyk fgLlk vkrk gSA tM+ ds Hkkx dh
vksss
^
^^^c
ccc^ x
^ x^ x^ xzz
zz
lru yackbZ 3-5 ls-eh-rFkk bldk O;kl 5 ls 7 fe-eh-jgrk gSA bl Hkkx ea LVkpZ de
gksrh gS tcfd blesa vYdksykbM~l T;knk gksrs gSA
x-x
xxx-
---^
^^^^l
llll^ x^ x
^ x^ x^ xzz
zzzzsM
sMsMsMsM &
&&&& tM+ ds fupys vkf[kjh fdukjs dk JszsM esa fd;k
.khdj.k ^l^ xtkrk gSA blds vfrfjDr irys js'ksss
s Hkh blh Js.kh ea vkr gSA bl Hkkx ea ,YdyksbM~l dh
ek=k dkQh vf/kd gksªDl^^ fuekZ.k dh n`f"V ls tM+ dk ;g Hkkx lokZf/kd
rh gS rFkk ^^,DlVsmi;qDr gksrk gSA
blds vfrfjDr vf/kd eksVh] T;knk dk"Bh;] dVh&QVh rFkk [kks[kyh tM+ksa rFkk muds
VqdMksa dks ^n^ J.kh essa j[kk tkrk gS bl izdkj Js.khdj.k dj ysus ls Qly dk vPNk
ewY;
fey tkrk gSA
3
3333 mR
mRmRmRmRiknu
iknuiknuiknuiknu r
rrrrF
FFFFkk izkfIr
kk izkfIrkk izkfIrkk izkfIrkk izkfIr;k
;k;k;k;kaa
aaaa
e/;izns'k ds eanlkSj rFkk uhep ftys esa fdlkuksa }kjk cM+sa Lrj ij dh tk jgh
v'oxa/kk dh Qly ds ifj.kke n'kkZrs gS fd ;gka ij fdlku vkSlru ,d ls Ms<+ fDoaVy
tM+s
izfr ,dM+ izkIr djrs gSa
A gkaykfd oLrqfLFkfr ns[kus ij ;g vnktk Lo;a gh yxk;k tk ldrk
gS fd bu {kas=ksas
esa v'oxa/kk dh [krh vf/kdka'kr% ^^ukWu lhfj;lyh^^ dh tkrh gS rFkk mi;qDr
d`f"k fØ;kvks ij dksbZ fo'ks
a"k /;ku ugh fn;k tkrkA ;fn leLr mi;qDr d`f"k fØ;k,a viukrs
gq. v'oxa/kk dh [kss ,d ,dM+ esa vkSlru 2 fDoVy tM+s fdlku dks izkIr gks
rh dh tk, rkldrh gSA buds lkFk&lkDk izfr ,dM+ yxHkx 25 ls 30 fd-xzk- cht Hkh fdl
ku dks izkIr
gksrk gSA
tgka rd blls agksus okyh izkfIr;ka dk iz'u gS rks v'oxa/kk dh Qly ls rhu izdkj
dh izkfIr;ka rFkk ;fn cktkj fey tk, rk iRrksa dh fcØh ls izkfIr;ka rFkk ;fn cktkj
fey
tk, rks iRrksa dh fcØh ls izkfIr;kaA ,d vkSlr nj ds vuwlkj v'oxa/kk dh tM+s 5500 :
-
izfr fDoVy dh nj ls fcd ldrh gS ftuls 1-5 fDoVy mRiknu gksus ij yxHkx 8250 :-
dh izkfIr;ka gksxhA blds vfrfjDr cht dh fcØh ¼40 :- izfr fd-xzk- dh nj½ ls yxHkx
1000 :- dh izkfIr;ka gksxh gkykafd vHkh v'oxa/kk ds iRrksa dk fuf'pr cktkj ugh g
S rFkk
t:jh ugh fd budh ekax gks gh ijarq ;fn budh fcØh gks tk, ¼tSls fd dbZ ckj budh
ekax vk tkh gS½ rks yxHkx 1000 ls 1500 :- dh vfrfjDr izkfIr;ka gks ldrh gS oSls tM
+
rFkk cht dh fcØh ls izfr ,dM+ yxHkx 9250 :- dh izkfIr;ka gsk ldrh gS ftles ls ;fn
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333---11
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vko';drk gksrh gSA D;ks
afd bldh tM+ks dh Nky esa lokZf/kd ,YdsykbM~l dh ek=k gksrh gS rFkk tM+ks dk
40 ls 55 izfr'kr Hkkx bl Nky dk gh gksrk gS vr% ;g fo'ks"k /;ku j[kus dh vko';dr
k gksrh gS fd
tM+ks dks m[kkM+us le; buds lkFk yxh Nky dks gkfu u igqapsA vr% tM+ks dh lko/kku
h iw
oZd m[kkM+k
tkuk pkfg,A tMk+s dks m[kkMu+s ds fy, dqnkyh dk mi;kx Hkh fd;k tk ldrk gsS rFkk
lc&lk;yj dk
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ku gks tkrk gSA
m[kkM+us dsss
w
mijkUr tM+ks d lkFk yxh jr vFkok feV~Vh dks lko/kkuh ioZd lkQ djuk vko';d
gksrk gSA ;gka Hkh ;g /;ku j[kus dh vko';drk gksrh gS fd tM+ks dh Nky dks {kfr u
igqaps lkQ dj ysus
dsas
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vf/kd ueh ugh
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kokt+ ls VwV tk,sa
bu lwqbZ tMks dh lq[kh txg ij tV d ckjh ea j[k dj lsxfgr dj fy;k tkrk gS
[kh g+awssszA
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k es
a i;kZIr
fHkUurk ikbZ tkrh gSZ es ru dh dyekas+s¼#V dfVa+ dh
A bl lanHkass dh vi{kk tM dh dyeka aXl½ rFkk tMdyekas dh vis{kk cht ls yxkbZ xbZ Q
ly esa tMk+s dh ek=k T;knk ikbZ tkrh gSA blh izdkj ;wa rks 18
ekg dh Qly esa i;kZIr rFkk mi;qDr ,YdsykbM~l fodflr gks tkrs gS ijUrq bUgs
a ftrus T;knki le;
rd [ksr esa yxk jgus fn;k tk, mruh gh mrjksRrj tM+ks dh ek=k c<+rh tkrh gSA ijh{
kk.kks esa ;g ik;k
x;k gS fd nks o"kZ dh Qly eas izfr ,dM+ 880 fd0xzk0 rFkk rhu o"kZ dh Qly ls 1320
fd0xzk0 lw[kh
tM+s izkIr gqbZ gSA bl izdkj ;fn 30 ekg dh Qly ds vuqlkj vuqeku yxk;k tk, rks ,d
,dM+ ls
yxHkx 1000 fdxzk0 vFkok 10 fDoaws
Vy l[kh tM+ks dh izkfIr gksxh oSl ;fn 8 fDoaVy tM+sa Hkh izkIr gks rFkk
tMk+s dh fcØh nj 80 #-izfr fd0xzk0 ekuh tk, rks bl Qly ls fdlku dks yxHkx 65000 #-
dh
izkfIr;ka gksxhA blds lkFk&lkFk fdlku dks yxHkx 25 fd0xzk0 cht Hkh izkIr gksaxs
ftldh 1500 #- izfr
fd0xzk0 dh nj ls fcØh Hkh iekuh tk, rks blls fdlku dh yxHkx 35000 #0 dh vfrfjDr iz
fIr;ka
gkssa
xhA bl izdkj bl 30 ekg dh Qly ds fdlku dk yxHkx 1 yk[k #0 izfr ,dM+ dh izkfIr;k
gksxh
buesa ls ;fn fofHkUu d`f"k fØ;kvksa ij gksus okyk 24000 #0 dk [kpZ de dj fn;k tk,
rks liZxa/kk dh
Qly ls fdlku dh izfr ,dM+ 77500 #0 dk 'kq) ykHk gksus dh laHkkouk gSA
liZxa/kk
liZxa/kkliZxa/kkliZxa/kkliZxa/kk dh [ksrh ij gk
dh [ksrh ij gkdh [ksrh ij gkdh [ksrh ij gkdh [ksrh ij gksus ok
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ysysysys vk;&O;; dk fooj.k
vk;&O;; dk fooj.kvk;&O;; dk fooj.kvk;&O;; dk fooj.kvk;&O;; dk fooj.k
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2 [kkn ,oa dhVuk'kdksa ij O;; 4]000
3 cht dh ykxr ¼rhu fd0xzk0 cht] 2500 # izfr fd0xzk0 dh nj ls½ 7]500
4 ulZlh rS;kj djus dh ykxr 500
5 VªkalIykafVax dh ykxr 1]000
6 [kjirokj fu;a=.k rFkk fuankbZ xqM+kbZ dh ykxr 2]000
7 chtksa dh pqukbZ ij O;; 1]000
8 flapkbZ ij O;; 1]000
9 30 ekg rd Qly dh ns[kHkky ij Op; 1]500
10 Qly m[kkM+us rFkk lq[kkus vkfn ij O;; 2]000
11 iSfdax rFkk VªkaliksVsZ'ku vkfn ij O;; 1]000
s
ss
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----izfIr;ka
izfIr;kaizfIr;kaizfIr;kaizfIr;ka
1 lw[kh tM+ks dh fcØh ls izkfIr;ka ¼8 fDoaVy tM+sa 80 #0
izfr fd0xzk0 dh nj ls½ 64]000
2 chtks dh fcØh ls izkfIr;ka ¼25 fd0xzk0 cht] 1500 #0
izfr fd0xzk0 dh nj ls fcØh½ 37]500
dqy
dqydqydqydqy ;k
;k;k;k;kx
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ssss 1]01]
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ku esa dkQh
ykHkdkjh gSA bueas ls lokZf/kd izdq[k dkj.k gS& jk"Vªh; rFkk varZjk"Vªh; Lrj ij bldk
c<+rk tk jgk
cktkj ftlesa vHkh dkQh le; rd la
r`Ir ¼lspqjs'ku½ vkus dh laHkkouk ugh gSA nwljk vlls izkIr gksus
okys ykHk dh ek=k Hkh dkiQh vf/kd gS rFkk ijEijkxr Qlykas dh rqyuk esa ;g dkQh v
f?kd ykHkdkjh
Hkh gSA rhljk dkj.k ;g Hkh gS fd gkykafd Lo;a esa rks ;g qly 30 ekg vFkok v<+kbZ
o"kZ dh vof/k dh gS
ijUrq blds chp esa dbZ varZorhZ; Qlysa ysdj Qly ij gksus okys vU; lkekU; [kpksZ
dh ifrS dh tk wldrh gSA pkSFksszdkj liZxa/kk ,d ,
] bldh [ksrh izkjEHk djus esa izkjfEHkd [kpZ Hkh T;knk ugh gSA bl ilksvkS"k/kh;
ikS/kk gS ftldh [ksrh izR;sd fdlku ds fy, ykHkdkjh gks ldrh gSA
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HkqabZ vkeykHkqabZ vkeykHkqabZ vkeykHkqabZ vkeyk
vFkok Hkwvkeydh
(Phyllanthus amarus Schumothon)
HkqbZ vkaoyk vFkok HkqabZ vkeyk vFkok Hkwavkeydh ,jUM dqy dk yxHkx 1-5 QhV ls 2
QhV
Åapk ,d o"khZ; ikS/kk gksrk gS tks cjlkr ds le; [ksrksa esa [kjirokj ds :i esa Lo;
aeso mxrk fn[kkbZ
nsrk gSA ;|fi vkaoyk dh rqyuk ess ikS/ks tSls iRrksa rFkk iRrk
a ;g ikS/kk cgqr NksVk gksrk gS ijUrq vkoayk dsa
ds ihNs Nkssss vkasss tehu dk vkaabZ vkeyk
V&NkVoyk tSl Qy yxu ds dkj.k laHkor;k bldkoyk vFkok Hkqdgk tkrk gSA vf/kdka'kr%
catj tehuksss :i esa mxus okys
a d lkFk&lkFk [ksrksa esa o"kkZ _rq esa [kjirokj dikS/ks HkqabZ vkeyk dk mRifRr
LFky vesfjdk ekuk tkrk gSA
HkqabZ vkeyk dk lEiw.kZ ias
pkax vkS"k/kh; mi;ksx dk gksrk gSA Hkkjro"kZ ea ;g yxHkx lHkh {ks=ksa
es cgqrk;r ea [kjirokj ds :i es feyrk ftls ykd ijijkvks ds vuqlkj yhoj ls laas
asasaacf/kr fodkjka
fo'ks"kr;k ihfy;k rFkk gSIVhVkbVl&ch ds mipkj gsrq iz;qDr fd;k tkrk gSA blds
fofHké Hkk"
fofHké Hkk"fofHké Hkk"fofHké Hkk"fofHké Hkk"
kkvks
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bZ vkeyk dsbZ vkeyk dsbZ vkeyk dsbZ vkeyk ds
uke
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fgUnh % HkqabZ vkeyk] Hkwvkeydh] gtkjnkuk]
tjekyk] taxyh vkaoyk
laLd`r % HkwE;keydh] Hkw/kk=h] rkeydh] cgqQyk
caxkyh % HkqabZ vkeyk
xqtjkrh % Hkksa; vkaoyh
ejkBh % HkqabZ vkaoyh
déM+ % fdjusyhfxUMk] fd:usYyh] uhykusYyh
ey;kye % dh>kjusYyh] fdykusYyh] fdyq dkusYyh]
fdjxkusYyh] fd:rkusYyh
mfM+;k % HkqabZ vkSyk
rfey % dh>kusYyh] dh>kDdkusYyh
rsyxw % usykmfljhdh
okuLifrd uke % QkbZysUFkl ,esjl vFkok QkbZysUFkl
fu:jh (Phylianthus amarus Schumothon)
vU; lacaf/kr
iztkfr;ka
% QkbZysUFkl QzszVulZ csusy] QkbZysUFkl
;wjhusfj;k fyu
okuLifrd dqy % ;wdkfcZ,lh ¼,j.M dqy½ (Enphorbiaceae)
iRrksa esa ikSVkf'k;e dh dkQh vf/kd ek=k ¼yxHkx 0-83 izfr'kr½ gkuss ds dkj.k ;g dkQh
vf/kd
ew=y (Diuretic) gSA yhoj las ds lkFk&lkFk HkqabZ vkeyk cq[kkj] e/kqeg] ?kuksa
ca/kh fodkjkasfj;k] vka[kksasaacaf/kr fodkjk is'kkc esa [kwu vkuk] is'kkc
dh chekfj;ks] [kqtyh rFkk peZjkxks] QksM+ks] is'kkc ls laas tSlsesa tyu gksuk vk
fn ds mipkj gsrq Hkh iz;qDr fd;k tkrk gSA bldh tM+ksa ls mi;ksxh Vkafud cuk;k
tkrk gSA bldh tM+s dCt esa iz;qDr dh tkrh gSaA blds eq[; ?kVd QkbysfUFku rFkk
gkbZiksQkbysfUFku gSa rFkk bldh lw[kh 'kkd es
a QkbysfUFky rRo dh ek=k 0-40% ls 0.50% rd gksrh
gSA fu%lansg HkqabZ vkoyk dkQh vf/kd vkS"k/kh; mi;ksx dk ikS/kk gS fo'ks"k :i ls
gSIVhVkbl&ch tSlh
tkuysok chekfj;kas ds mipkj esa izHkkoh fl) gksus ds dkj.k bl ikS/ks dh mi;ksxfx
rk vkSj Hkh c<+
xbZ gSA
;|fi vHkh rd HkaqbZ vkoyk izkd`frd :i ls gh dkQh ek=k esa izkIr gks tkrk jgk gS
rFkk
rq iz;kl ughfxrk rFkk ekax dks
cM+s Lrj ij blds d`f"kdj.k gsa fd, x, gSaA ijUrq bldh mi;ksns[krsw+s
gq, blds d`f"kdj.k dh vko';drk egll gks jgh gS D;ksafd vHkh rd bldk cM Lrj rd
d`f"kdj.k ugha gks ik;k gS] bldk d`f"kdj.k dkQh vklku gS] ;g dkQh de vof/k dh Ql
y gS]
vr% bldh [kss ds fy, O;olkf;d :i ls dkQh ykHkdkjh fl) gks ldrh gSA bldh
rh fdlkukavkS"k/kh; mi;ksfxrk dks sass
ns[kr gq, blds cktkj ds fujrj c<+rs tku dh i;kZIr laHkkouk,a izrhr gkjgh gSaA
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fudksa }kjk Hkh
bl ij T;knk 'kks/k dk;Z ugha fd, x, gSa vr% blds d`f"kdj.k ls lacaf/kr vHkh Hkh
dbZ ,s
ls igyw gSa
ftuds Li"Vhdj.k vHkh miyC/k ugha gSaA loZizFke rks blds oSKkfud uke ls lacaf/kr
gh erSD; ugha
gSA okLrfod HkqbZ vkaoyk QkbyUFkl ;wjhufj;k fyu gS] Qkbysl oscLVj g] QkbyUFkl
assZUFkl QzsVuZSsflEiyssssZy
Dl fjV~t gS] QkbZyUFkl enzklikVsfUll fyu gS] QkbZyUFkl ,ejl gS vFkok QkbsUFkl
fu:jh gS] ;g Hkh ppkZ dk fo"k; gSA D;ks
afd ^^vk;qosZfnd QkeqZyjh vk¡Q bf.M;k** QkbysUFkl fu:jh
dks gh lgh HkaqbZ vkaoyk ekurh gS vr% orZeku ppkZ esa HkqabZ vkoayk dh blh iztkf
r dh [ksrh ls
lacaf/kr fooj.k izLrqr fd, tk jgs gSaA
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bls jsrhyh]
jsrhyh nkseV] dkyh dikfl;k rFkk eqje tSlh fefV~V;kas esa lQyrkioZd mxk;k tk ldrk
gSA izk;%w5-5 ls 8 ih-,p-eku- okyh fefV~V;ka pkgs os gYdh] e/;e rFkk Hkkjh e`nk
,a gksa rFkk ftuesa ty
fudkl dh lkekU; O;oLFkk gks] bldh [ks
rh ds fy, mi;qDr ekuh tkrh gSA
tyok;q
tyok;qtyok;qtyok;qtyok;q
HkqabZ vkaoyk xeZ tyok;q dk ikS/kk gS rFkk vf/kdre 46 fMxzh rd dk rkieku lg ysrk
gSA
;|fi vkSlr cjlkr blds fy, mi;qDr jgrh gS ijUrq T;knk vf/kd cjlkr ls Hkh bls dkbZ
fo'k"ksuqdlku ughawa
gksrkA Hkfe es dqN le; rd ¼vf/kdre 5&6 fnu rd½ ty Hkjko dh fLFkfr Hkh
curh gks rks Hkh blls ikS/ks dh o`f) ij T;knk izHkko ugha iM+rkA bl izdkj mRrj i
zns'k] jktLFkku]
gfj;k.kk] iasªssa
tkc] e/;izn'k] egkjk"V] rfeyukMq] djy] vka/kzizn'k] fcgkj] mM+hlk] if'peh cxky v
kfn
jkT;ksa dh tyok;q bldh [ksrh ds fy, dkQh mi;qDr gSA
HkqabZ
HkqabZHkqabZHkqabZHkqabZ vkeyk dh mér iztkfr;
vkeyk dh mér iztkfr;vkeyk dh mér iztkfr;vkeyk dh mér iztkfr;vkeyk dh mér iztkfr;k¡
k¡k¡k¡k¡
D;ksafd HkqabZ vkoyk dh [ksa
rh vHkh viuh izkjfEHkd voLFkk esa gh gS rFkk bldh [ksrh dh fn'kk
esa T;knk 'kks/kdk;Z ugha gks ik, gS vr% vHkh bldh fctkbZ ds fy, vf/kdka'kr% izk
d`frd :i ls ik,
tkus okys ikS/kksa ls cht ,df=r djds mUgsa gh fctkbZ gsrq iz;qDr fd;k tk jgk gSA
^lhesi** y[kuÅ
}kjk bldh ,d mér iztkfr ^uo;kd`fr** vo'; baVªkss
M~;wl dh xbZ gS tk vis{kd`r T;knk mRiknu
nsus okyh iztkfr ekuh tkrh gSA
fct
fctfctfctfctk
kkkkbZ d
bZ dbZ dbZ dbZ dh
hhhh fof
foffoffoffof/
////k
kkkk
HkqabZ vkoyk dh fctkbZ blds chtksa ls dh tkrh gS tks fd fiNyh Qly ls izkIr fd;s
tkrs
gSaA bldsss fy, yxHkx 500 xzke cht i;kZIr
cht dkQh gYds gksrs gS rFkk ,d ,dM+ dh [krh dgks tkrs gSaA bldh [ksrh dh izfdz;k
esa loZizFke bldh ulZjh vFkok ikS/k'kkyk cukbZ tkrh gS rFkk
,d ,dM+ss fy, yxHkx 100 oxZQhV dh ulZjh@ikS/k'kkyk i;kZIr gksrh gSA ulZjh cukus
dh [krh ddk lokZf/kd mi;qDr le; 15 ebZ ls 30 ebZ ds chp dk gksrk gS rkfd ekulwu
vkrs gh bldh
rS;kj ikS/k dks [ksr esa jksfir fd;k tk ldsA
ikS/k'kkyk esa tc HkqbZ vkaoyk ds ikS/k yxHkx 35 fnu ds ¼yXkHkx 4 bas tk, rks
asp Åaps½ gkabUgsa cM+s [ksr esa izfrjksfir dj fn;k trk gSA izfrjksfir djus ls iwoZ
ikS/kksa dks ck;kstkbe lhMIyl
ls mipkfjr dj ys+ss esa dhVksrFkk chekfj;ka
us ls ikS/ks tYnh tM idM+rs gSa rFkk ikS/kkaa s ls yM+us dh
{kerk dh Hkh fodkl gksrk gSA bl dk;Zss
grq ck;kstkbe lhMIyl dh , ls nks fe-yh- ek=k dks 100
fe-yh- ikuh esa feykdj blesa tM+ksa dks 10 ls 15 feuV rd mipkfjr djuk ykHkdkjh j
grk gSA cM+s
[ksr esa jksfir djus ls iwoZ [ks
r dh vPNh izdkj rS;jh dh tkrh gS ftlds fy, [ksr dh vPNh
izdkj tqrkbZ djds+ yxHkx 5 Vu xksazdkj
mlesa izfr ,dMcj [kkn vFkok dEiksLV [kkn vPNh ifeyk nh tkrh gSA
[ksr ess
a fctkbZ dju ls iwoZ [ksr dks vPNh izdkj xhyk ¼;fn ekulwu dh okfj'k u iM+h gks
rks½ dj fn;k tkuk pkfg, rkfd jksfir fd, tkus okys ikS/ksssas
[ksr ea vklkuh l te tk, ¼lsV gk
½ A isasa
tk,azk;% jkfir djrs le; ikS/kks ,oa ykbuka ds e/; 4x4 bp dh nwjh j[kk tkuk mi;qD
r jgrk
gSA
[
[[[[k
kkkkjirokj fu;a=.k
jirokj fu;a=.kjirokj fu;a=.kjirokj fu;a=.kjirokj fu;a=.k rF
rFrFrFrFkk fl
kk flkk flkk flkk flapkbZ O;oLFk
apkbZ O;oLFkapkbZ O;oLFkapkbZ O;oLFkapkbZ O;oLFkk
kkkk
o"kkZ _rq essss esa [kjirokj vkuk LokHkkfod ckr gS] ftldk
a jksi.k gku ds dkj.k [krfu;a=.ki fd;k tkuk vko';d gksrk gSA bldsa
fy, jksi.k ds yxHkx 25&30 fnu ds mijkr ,d
ckj rFkk rnaqijkr 55&60 fnu ds ckn nwljh ckj fkFk ls funkbZ&xqM+kbZ dj nh tkuh p
kfg,A blh
chp ;fn fu;fer :i ls okfj'k u gks jgh gks rks 15&15 fnu ds varjky ij flapkbZ dju
s ls Qly
okafNr o`f) izkIr djsxhA gkykafd ;fn lgh ek=k esa xkscj [kkn Mkyh xbZ gks rks ik
S/kksa dh lgh o`f)
gksxh ijUrq ;fn Qly dh lgh o`f) u ys ik jgh gks rks 20&20 fnu ds varjky ij 12 fd
-xzk- izfr
,dM+ dh nj ls ck;kstkbe xzsuqvYl Mkyuk mi;qDr jgsxkA
Qly dh dVkbZ@m[kM+kbZ ¼gk
Qly dh dVkbZ@m[kM+kbZ ¼gkQly dh dVkbZ@m[kM+kbZ ¼gkQly dh dVkbZ@m[kM+kbZ ¼gkQly dh dVkb
Z@m[kM+kbZ ¼gkjosfLVax½
josfLVax½
josfLVax½josfLVax½josfLVax½
HkqabZ vkaoyk dk laiw.kZ iak;kax vkS"k/kkh; mi;ksx dk gksrk gS vr% gkjosfLVax ds
mn~ns'; ls
pkax gh m[kkMk tkrk gS ;fn tu ekg ds
bldk laiw.kZ iaws var vFkok tqykbZ ekg ds izkjHk ea ikS/k dks
[ksr esa jsss Qy
fir fd;k x;k gks rks flrEcj ekg d var rd ikS/kks ij Qwy vk tkrs gSa A tc bldcsjh
t idus yxsa rks ml le; laiw.kZ ikS/ks dks m[kkM fy;k tkuk pkfg,A ;g izfdz;k e/;
vDVwcj
ls igys iw.kZ dj yh tkuh pkfg,A ;fn gkjoss
fLVax es nsjh dj nh tk, rk blds iRrs >Mus yxrs gSa
ftlls izkIr gksus okyh 'kkd gcZ vFkok ^ck;kss
el* dh ek+=k de gks tkrh gSA vr% lgh ek=k ea
mRiknu izkIr dju ds fy, ;g vko';d gS fd flrEcj ekg ds var vFkok vDVw
scj ekg ds e/;
rd gkjosfLaVx dk dk;Z laiw.kZ dj fy;k tk, A ikS/ks m[kkMus ds mijkasr bugs fdlh
Nk;nj isM
vFkok 'kss
M ds uhps frjiky fcNkdj lq[kku ds fy, Mky fn;k tkrk gSA uhps frjiky blfy,
fcNk;k tkrk gS fd rkfd ;fn iRrs VwV dj uhps Hkh fxajs rks Hkh bdVBs fd, tk ldsA
4&5 fnu es
;g 'kkd vPNh izdkj lwaa
dpk tkrh gSA ;fn ;s ikS/ks vPNh izdkj id x, gks eSaP;ksj gks x, gks rsk
dqN ek=k es vxyh Qly gsrwq cht Hkh izkIr gks tkrs gSa lq[kkus dh izfdzz;k esa uh
ps fxj tkrs gSas rFkk
ftUgs lwis dh lgk;rk ls vyx dj fy;k tkrk gSA vkS"k/k laxzgdky&
vkS"k/k laxzgdky&vkS"k/k laxzgdky&vkS"k/k laxzgdky&
vkS"k/k laxzgdky&flrEcj ] vDVwcj nw
nwnwnwnwljs
ljsljsljsljs ikS/ks
ikS/ksikS/ksikS/ksikS/kska
kakakaka
ds
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lkFklkFklkFklkFk chp esa HkwabZ vk
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aoykaoykaoykaoyk dh
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baVjdzkfiax ds :i esaA fo'ks"kr;k ,sls cMs ikS/ks tSls vkaoyk]uhacw vkfn tks v/k
ZNk;k lsesh&'ksM nsrs
gksa]ds chp bldh Qly lQyrkiwoZd yh stk ldrh gSA
mit dh izkfIr
mit dh izkfIrmit dh izkfIrmit dh izkfIrmit dh izkfIr
le;l ij m[kMkbZ gkss ij izfr,dM vkSlru 10 fDaoVy lwS
tku[kh 'kkd izkIr gksrh gftldh vkSlr fcdzh nj 15 :i;k izfr fdxzk ekuh tk, rks yx
Hkx 15000 :i;k dh dizkfIr;ka bl
4& 4(5 eghus dh Qly ls izkIr gszkfIr;kas dh sek=k c< Hkh ldrh
krh gSaA ;fn Qly ij T;knk igSA
iz;ks
iz;ksiz;ksiz;ksiz;ksT; vax & iapkx
xxxx lE
lElElElEiw.kZ
iw.kZiw.kZiw.kZiw.kZ ikS/kk
ikS/kkikS/kkikS/kkikS/kk
mijksqbZ vkaoyk dh Qly de mitkm {ks=ks aes dkQh de [kpsZ rFkk i;klka
T; vax
T; vaxT; vaxT; vax & iapk
& iapk& iapk& iapk
Drkuqlkj Hkaazs ls
dhtk ldrh gSA bldk cktkj Hkh vklkuh ls izkIr gks ldrk gS rFkk nwljh Qlykas dsa c
hp esa
bUVdzkWfiax ds :i esSs s
a Hkh ;g lQyrkiwoZd mitkbZ tk ldrh g ftllbldh [krh ij vfrfjDr
[kpZ djusasssakh
dh Hkh vko';d ugh iMrhA bld vfrfjDr D;kafd vHkh bldh cMs iSesku ij dgha H[skrh u
gha gsk jgh vr% blds cktkj esa vHkh dqN o"ksZ rd T;knk izfrLi/kkZ Hkh ugha gskxh
 rFakk bldk
cktkj lasaaZSf/kd
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mi;iqDr le; gSA
s
ss
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1& [ksrh dh rS;kjh ij O;; nks tqrkbZ;ka % 500@&
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3& cht dh ykxr 3000# izfr fdxzk dh nj ls % 1500@&
500 xzk gsrq
4& ulZjh cukus dh ykxr % 500@&
5& [ksr es ikS/k dh V~kalIykafVxa ij O;; % 250@&
6& tSfod VkWfudksa dh ykxr % 500@&
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9& vU; fofo/k [kpZ rFkk V~kaliksVsZ'ku ij O;; % 1500@&
dqy O;;
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%%%% 6750@&
6750@&6750@&6750@&6750@&
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10 fDoaVy iapkax 1500# izfr fDoaVy dh nj ls % 15000@&
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50
50505050
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cgqcgqcgqcgqm
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k/k/k/k/kh; egRo dk ,d uohu ikS
kh; egRo dk ,d uohu ikSkh; egRo dk ,d uohu ikSkh; egRo dk ,d uohu ikSkh; egRo dk
,d uohu ikS/
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dksfy;l QkslZdksyh
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(Coleus forskholi syn. barbatus Briq.)
¼ik"k
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sn vFkoksn vFkoksn vFkoksn vFkok iRFkj
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ppppwj½
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dksfy;l QkslZdkss ik"kk.kHksn vFkok iRFkjpwj Hkh dgk tkrk gS] mu dqN vkS"k/kh; i
kS/kksa ess gS]
yh ftla loSZ
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Z ds leLr Å".k dfrcU/kh;
,oa mi&Å".k dfVcU/kh; {k=ksas ds lkFk&lkFk ikfdLrku] Jhyadk] iwohZ vQzhdk] czkthy]
feJ] bZFkkfi;k rFkksvjc ns'kksa ess
a ik, tkus okys bl vkS"k/kh; ikS/ks dks Hkfo"; ds ,d egRoiw.kZ vkS"k/kh; ikS/ks
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rFkk jktLFkku esa bldh
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laLd`r % e;uh] ekdUnh] xU/kewfydk
déM+ % eDdkM+h cs:] eDdk.Mh cs: vFkok eaxuk cs:
xqtjkrh % xjekyw
ejkBh % eSeuqy
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(Coleus forskholi syn. barbatus Briq.)
okuLifrd dqy (Family) % ySfc,Vh@ySfe,lh (Lamiaceae)
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s uhys jax ds Qwy vkrs gaA bld iRrksa rFkk
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s cky tSls fn[kkbZ nsrs
aA blh iztkfr dk ¼blls feyrk tsgSqyrk½ ,d ikS/kk izk;% vf/kdka'k Hkkjrh; ?kjksa ea '
kksHkk dk;Z gsrq rFkk fdpu
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:i easigpkuk
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h esa iRFkjpwjA
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krh gS rFkk vkS"k/kh;
mi;ksx dssSz
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ekasa
ly (Spongy) gksrs gSa tdfd dksfy;l QkslZdkyh ds iRrs T;knk ekaly ugh gksrsA
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,ykbyjksyhuksu] dksfy;ksuksu] sMhvkDlhdksyhuksy] dzkslhVhu Mk;yhgkbZM] usIFkksik
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ns'kh ik"kk.kHksn ,flM~l
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ria) ¼{kqnz ik"kk.k Hksn½ mifLFkr iFkjh ds
mipkj esa ykHkdkjh
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a ls nllSs^^ik"kk.kHkss :iesa tkus ,oa igpkus tkrs gSaA buea ls dqN izeq[k vkS"k
/kh; ikS/ks tks gekjs ns'k ds fofHké Hkkxksa
n** dses ik"kk.kHkn vFkok iRFkjpj dsaasaassqds
asw :i es tkus ,o igpku tkrs gS ls lcaf/kr fooj.k fiNy i`"B ij fn; tk pgSaA
fiNys i`"B ij fn;s x;s fooj.kksa ls ns[kk tk ldrk gS fd ,sS/ks gSs
ls vusd vkS"k/kh; ika ftUgsa ik"kk.kHkn
a tkuk tkrk gSA ,sls
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)
))))
ykHk
ykHkykHkykHkykHk
¾
¾¾¾¾
30000 & 8400
30000 & 840030000 & 840030000 & 840030000 & 8400
¾
¾¾¾¾
21600@&
21600@&21600@&21600@&21600@&
Mkyj d
Mkyj dMkyj dMkyj dMkyj de
eeeekus
kuskuskuskus okyh vkS
okyh vkSokyh vkSokyh vkSokyh vkS"
""""k/kh; Ql
k/kh; Qlk/kh; Qlk/kh; Qlk/kh; Qly
yyyy
luk;
luk;luk;luk;luk;
(Cassia angustifolia Vahl.)
luk;] lksukeq[kh vFkok lsUuk dk ,slk vkS"k/kh; ikS/kk gS ftls Hkkjro"kZ ds fy, i
zeq[k ^^Mkyj
vuZj** ikS/ks ds :i esa tkuk tk jgk gSA ;wa rks ;g lksekyhySaM ¼vQzhdk½ rFkk vjc dk
ewy fuoklh
ikS/kk gS rFkk laa
Hkor;k ogha ls ;g Hkkjr esa vk;k gS ijUrq Hkkjro"kZ dh Ålj iM+h gqbZ Hkwfe;ksa ,ol
w[ks {ks=kssssss
a esa ;g dkQh Qly jgk gS rFkk bl ,d ,ls vkS"k/kh; ikS/k ds :i ea ns[kk tk jgk gS
tkHkkjr ds lw[ks {ks=ksa esa lksuk mxkus tSlh ckr lkfcr gks ldrk gSA
,d egRiw.kZ jspd ds :i esa tkuk tkus okyk >kM+huqek vkS"k/kh; ikS/kk luk; fo'o d
s dbZ
Hkkxksa esa taxyh :i esa ik;k tkrk gSZ sas
rFkk db{ks=ksa esa bldh [krh Hkh izkjHk gks pqdh gSA bldLo;atkr ikS/ks cgqo"khZ;
>kM+h ds :i es
a eq[;r;k lksekfy;k] bFkksfi;k] lwMku] feJ rFkk nf{k.kh vjc
vkfn nsss izkd`frd :i esa
'kksa esa ik;s tkrs gSaA Hkkjro"kZ d xqtjkr jkT; ds Hkqt {ks= esa Hkh blds ikS/k
ik;s tkrs gSaA ;wa rks fo'oHkj esa luk; dh dbZ iztkfr;ka ikbZ tkrh gS ijUrq bues
a izeq[k gS&dSf'k;k
vkscksokVk] ,f'k;k bVSfydk] dSf'k;k ,dqVhQkSfy;k MhykbV] cEcbZ vFkok eDdk luk; r
Fkk dSf'k;k
vaxLVhQksfy;k vkfnA buesa ls dSf'k;k ,dqVhQksfy;k MhykbV vQzhdk rFkk lwMku es
a feyrh gS rFkk
ogka dqN {ks=ksa esa bdlh [ksrh Hkh gksrh gSA bldh ifRr;ka vis{kkd`r NksVh gksrh
gSA D;ks
afd ;g
,ysXtsUMfj;k cUnjxkg ls ckgj Hksth tkrh Fkh vr% blh fy, bldk uke ,ysXtsUMfj;k ls
Uuk iM+k
gSA blh izdkj eqEcbZ eDdk ;k vjch luk; dk laas fd;k tkrk gSA ;g vis{kkd`r
xzg txyh ikS/kksa l
-
----
fofHk
fofHkfofHk
é
éé
Hkk"kkvks
Hkk"kkvksHkk"kkvks
a l
a la l
u
uu
k
kk
;
;;
d
dd
uk
ukuk
e
ee
fofH
fofHfofH
ké Hkk"
ké Hkk"ké Hkk"
kkvks es
eskkvks eseskkvks es
luk; ds
luk; dsluk; ds
uke
ukeuke
-
----
fgUnh % luk;]lksukeq[kh] luk;edh]Lo.kZi=h
laLd`r % Lo.kZi=h] ekdZ.Mh] ekdZf.Mdk
caxkyh % lksukew[kh] lksuiky] lUukeDdh
xqtjkrh % esagnh]vkoy vFkok eha<h vkoy] uV-dh luk-
ejkBh % lksuke[kh
déM+ % usykofjds
ey;kye % uhykodk
rsyxw % usyrxsnq] lqukdq[kh] fousneukdq
vaxzsth % bafM;u lsék vFkok fVéscsYyh lsé
okuLifrd uke % dksf'k;k vaxLVhQksfy;k
(Cassia angustifolia Vahl)
okuLifrd dqy
(Family)
% ysxqehuksl (Leguminosae)
vf/kd yEch] de pkSM+h rFkk Hkwjh vFkok Hkwjk gjkiu fy, gksrh gSA luk; dh bu lHkh
iztkfr;ksa esa
vkS"k/kh; n`f"V ls lokZf/kd egRoiw.kZ iztkfr dSf'k;k vaxLVhQksfy;k gS tks bafM;u
lsUuk vFkok
fVUusss
oYyh lsUuk ds uke ls Hkh tkuh tkrh gSA Hkkjro"kZ esa bldh [ksrh eq[;r;k rfeyukMq
dfr:usyosYyh] jkeukFkiqje] enqjkbZSA buds lkFk&lkFk
] lsye rFkk f=pukiYyh {ks=ksa esa gks jgh gjktLFkku ds ikyh] tks+asa s
/kiqj rFkk ckMesj ftyks ,oa xqtjkr d dqN {ks=ksa esHkh bldh [krh
lQyrkiwoZd dh tk jgh gSA vkS"k/kh; egRo dh n`f"V ls fo'oHkj esa luk; dh ;gh iztk
fr lokZf/kd
ilUn dh tkrh gSA orZssa
eku esa gekjs ns'k ls bldk fo'o ds dkQh ns'kksa] fo'k"kr;k fodflr n'kkstSls vesf
jdk] tkiku] vkLVªsfy;k rFkk vU; ;w
jksih; ns[kksa dks bldk fu;kZr Hkh fd;k tk jgk gSA
miyC/k vkadM+ksa ds vuqZ ssss
lkj o"k2000&01 ea Hkkjr l yxHkx 18-50 djksM+ :i; ewY; d yxHkx
7500 Vu luk; dk fu;kZr fd;k x;kA bldsaa vf/kd gSa ftlds
fu;kZr dh lHkkouk;sa blls dghfy, blds d`f"kdj.k dks c<+kl fn;s tkus dh furkUr vk
o';drk gSA
l
llllu
uuuuk
kkkk;
;;;; dh
dhdhdhdh jklk
jklkjklkjklkjklk;fu
;fu;fu;fu;fud
dddd l
llllaa
aaaajp
jpjpjpjpuk
ukukukuk
luk; dh ifRr;kas ,oa Qfy;ksa esa eq[; :i ls lsuklkbM ^,* rFkk ^ch* uked Xykbdksl
kbM~l
ik, tkrs gSaA buds vfrfjDr ifRr;kas esa Xywst rFkk fifuVky Hkh ik, tkrs gSaA dqN
ek=k
dkst] QzDVksesa lsukslkbM ^lh* Hkh ik;k tkrk gSA luk; esa ftu vU; ;kSfxdksa dh m
ifLFkfr ns[kh xbZ gS muesa
izeq[k gS eSfuVkWy ikszk;% ifRr;ksss es
Vkf'k;e VkVfjVA ia dh vi{kk lsuklkbM~l dh ek=k Qfy;kaa
vf/kd gksrh gSA ;wa rks ifRr;ksa ,oa Qfy;ksa esa ikbZ tkus okyh lsuklkbM~l dh ek
=k 1-2 ls 2-5
izfr'kr rd gksrh gS ijUrq fdUgha {ks=ksa fo'ks"kr;k jktLFkku ds fofHké {ks=ksa esa
bldh 3-5 izfr'kr ls
5 izfr'kr rd Hkh ntZ dh xbZ gSA lsªD'ku gsrq ^^bFkuksy** dks ek/;e ds :i esa
ukslkbM ds ,DlVsiz;qDr fd;k tkrk gSA
l
llllu
uuuuk
kkkk;
;;;; d
ddddss
ssss vkS"k/kh;
vkS"k/kh;vkS"k/kh;vkS"k/kh;vkS"k/kh; m
mmmmi
iiii;k
;k;k;k;ksx
sxsxsxsx
vkS"k/kh; n`f"V lsssas
luk; ds mi;kxh Hkkx bld iRrs rFkk Qfy;k gksrs gSaA iRrs rFkk Qfy;ka
ds dPps eky dssss
:i ea mi;ksx ds lkFk&lkFk bul lsuklkbM~l Hkh fudkys tkrs gSa ftudk mi;kx
fpfdRlh; dk;ksZ ds lkFk&lkFk fofHké [kk| rFkk dUQSD'kujh mRiknksa gsrq Hkh fd;k tk
rk gSA
vkS"k/kh; dk;ksZss mi;ksx dk bfrgkl yxHkx 1200 o"kZ iqjkuk gSA
gsrq Hkkjro"kZ ea luk; d,slk ekuk tkrk gS fd ;wukuh gdheksa }kjk bls Hkkjr esa y
k;k x;kA orZeku esa bldk mi;kxsyxHkx lHkh fpfdRlk i)fr;ksa esa fd;k tk jgk gS rF
kk u dsoy ekuoh; mi;ksx gsrq cfYd i'kq/ku
ds mi;ksx gsrq Hkh blls dbZ izdkj dh nokb;ka mRikfnr dh tk jgh gSA ftu izeq[k dk
;ksZ grsq
bldk mi;ksx fd;k tk jgk gS] os fuEukuqlkj gS %&
1luk;
,d egRoiw.kZ jspd vFkok fojspd (laxative) gS ftldk lokZf/kd mi;ksx ,d
dCtuk'kd ds :i esa fd;k tkrk gSA fdlh Hkh izdkj dh ubZ&iqjkuh dCt ds fuokj.k gsr
q
bls ,d vR;kf/kd lqjf{Kr nokbZ ds :i esa tkuk tkrk gS rFkk orZeku esa dCt vFkok
dks"Bc)rk ds fuokj.k gsrq cuus okyh vf/kdka'k nokb;ksa dk izeq[k ?kVd luk; gSA
2luk;
,d vPNk jDr'kks/kd gS rFkk fofHké jDrfodkjksatkrk gSA
ds fuokj.k gsrq bldk mi;ksx fd;k
3peZjksxksa
esa bldh iRrh fljds esa ihl dj yxkus ls peZjksxksa esa ykHk feyrk gSA
4dQ
fiRr fodkjksa rFkk ok;q ds vuqeksyu esa bldk mi;ksx ykHkdkjh ik;k x;k gSA
5-luk; d`fe?u gS rFkk ;g isV ds d`fe;ksa dks ekj djds ckgj fudkyrk gSA
6-;wukuh fpfdRlk i)fr eas bldk mi;ksx vFkZjkbVl] lkbfVdk] czksUdkbV~l] Ldsoht] [
kqtyh]
isV ds dhM+ksa ds fuokj.k rFkk xfB;k jksxksa esa fd;k tkrk gSA
7-i'kqvksa ls lacaf/kr chekfj;ksa ds fuokj.k esa Hkh ;g dkQh ykHkdkjh ik;k x;k g
SA mnkgj.kkFkZ
i'kqjkss ds fuokj.k gsrq iz;qDr gksus oky egRoiw.kZ mRikn ^^crhlk** esa ,d egRoi
.kZ ?kVd
xkaswds :i esa luk; iz;qDr dh tkrh gSA mijksDr ds vfrfjDr dbZ vU; chekfj;ksa ds
fuokj.k
gsrq Hkh luk; dk mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gS ftlds dkj.k bafM;u lsék vFkok luk; ns'kh;
rFkk varZjk"Vªh; Lrj ij dkQh vf/kd ekax okys vkS"k/kh; ikS/ks ds :i esa tkuh tkrh
gSA
l
llllu
uuuuk
kkkk;
;;;; d ds m
ds mddds m ;ksx esa
;ksx esa;ksx esa lko/kkfu;k¡
lko/kkfu;k¡lko/kkfu;k¡ mi
imiimi;ksx esa lko/kkfu;k¡
;ksx esa lko/kkfu;k¡;ksx esa lko/kkfu;k¡
s
ss
luk; ds mi;ksx ls lacaf/kr dqN lko/kkfu;ka j[kus dh Hkh vko';drk gSA bls vf/kd e
k=k
esa yss es ejksM+ gksus yxrh grFkk blls r`".kk ,o vkdqyrk mRié gksrh gA Qyr% bls
us ls vkrkaaS aSlkSaaqydUn ds lkFk fy, tkus dh lykg nh tkrh gSA ;g jspdks
Q] lksB vFkok xa vFkok dCt
akrk gS vr% MkDVj dh lykg d
fuokjdks ij O;fDr dh vkfJrrk Hkh c<+s fcuk bls ,d lIrkg ls
T;knk le; rd ughasssas
yuk pkfg,A bl T;knk le; rd yus ls 'kjhj es ekStwn byDVªksykbVl
tSlssss
ikSVf'k;e dk vlarqyu gks tkrk gS ftll ;g lykg nh tkrh gS fd bldk mi;kx T;knk
le; rd rFkk MkDVj dh lykg ds fcuk ugha fd;k tkuk pkfg,A oSls iRrksa dh rqyuk esa
Qfy;ksa
dk mi;ks
x T;knk lqjf{kr gksrk gSA
luk; dh Q
luk; dh Qluk; dh Qluk; dh Qluk; dh Ql
lllly dh vof/
y dh vof/y dh vof/y dh vof/y dh vof/k
kkkk
luk; dh Qly ,d o"kZ dh vof/k ds fy, Hkh yxkbZ tkrh gS rFkk ikap o"kZ dh vof/k ds
fy, HkhA nf{k.kh Hkkjr esa tgkW bldh [ksrh ,d o"khZ; Qly ¼rhu dVkb;ksa gsrq½ ds :i e
sa dh tkrh
gS ogha jktLFkku dssZ; Qly dsS
fofHké Hkkxksa esa bldh [krh iapo"kh :i esa dh tkrh gSA tkfgj gfd ;fn ,d ckj yxk d
jds ikap o"kZ rd bldh Qly yh tk lds rks ;g T;knk ykHkdkjh gksxkA
oSlssSs
{ks= fo'k"k dh tyok;q ,oa izd`fr ds vuqlkj ;g fu.kZ; fy;k tk ldrk g fd bldh [krh
,d o"kZ dh Qly ds :i esa dh tk, vFkok ikap o"kZ dh Qly ds :i esaA
lu
lulululuk; d
k; dk; dh
hh [kk; dh [k
k; dh [k[k[kk; dh [ks
ssssr
rrrrh d
h dh dh dh dh
hhhh fo
fofofofof
ffff/
////k
kkkk
vius ewy mRifRr ns'kksa dh tyok;q ds vuq:i luk; 'kq"d tyok;q esa mxus okyk ikS/k
k gSA
yxHkx 3 ls 3-5 QhV rd vf/kdre Åas+s
pkbZ izkIr djus oky bl >kMhuqek ikS/k dh [ksrh ,d o"khZ;
Qly ds :i esSs ds :i esa HkhA orZeku esa Hkkjro"kZ ds
a Hkh dh tk ldrh g rFkk cgqo"khZ; ikS/kfofHké {ks=ksa fo'ks"kr;k rfeyukMq] dsjy] j
ktLFkku rFkk xaqtjkr jkT;ksa esa bldh [ksrh ls lacaf/kr
viukbZ tk jgh izeq[k d`f"k fdz;k,a fuEukuqlkj gSa %&
tyo
tyotyotyotyok;
k;k;k;k;q
qqqq
luk; dh [ks
rh ds fy, eq[;r;k xeZ rFkk 'kq"d tyok;q ,oa lkQ ekSle dh vko';drk
gksrh gSA T;knk o"kkZ] vkleku ij T;knk ckny rFkk T;knk lnhZ bldh [ksrh ds fy, mi
;qDr ugha
gksrsA ;aw rks ;g ikS/kk U;wure 4 rFkk vf/kdre 50 va'k rd dk rkieku lgu dj ysrk
gS ijUrq
bldh vPNh c<+r ds fy, o"kZ ds vf/kdka'k fnukas esa 25 ls 45 va'k rd dk rkieku ok
afNr gksrk gSA
izk;% 30 lsqforfjr o"kk
-eh- rd dh okf"kZd lZ blds fy, i;kZIr gksrh gSA
feV
feVfeVfeVfeV~Vh
;wa rks luk; yxHkx lHkh izdkj dh fefV~V;ksa esa rS;kj gks tkrk gS ijUrq s
,slh jrhyh] eqje
rFkk yk fefV~V;ka ftuesa thoka'k dh i;kZIr miyC/krk gks] blds fy, T;knk mi;qDr i
kbZ tkrh gSA
fdlh Hkh fLFkfr esqnk,a rFkk fpduh
a feV~Vh esa ikuh :duk ¼okWVj ykafxax½ ugha pkfg,A T;knk Hkkjh efefV~V;ka blds fy, m
i;qDr ugha ikbZ tkrhA bl izdkj de mitkÅ] gYdh rFkk yky ,oa jsrhyh
fefV~V;ka bldh [ksrh ds fy, T;knk mi;qDr gksrh gSaA
luk; dh iz
luk; dh izluk; dh izluk; dh izluk; dh izeq
eqeqeqeq[k mér fdLes
[k mér fdLes[k mér fdLes[k mér fdLes[k mér fdLesa
aaaa
orZeku esa luk; dh nks izeq[k fdLeas miyC/k gSa izFke fdLe gSa&^^lksuy** tks dh
lhesi
y[kuÅ }kjk fodflr dh xbZ gS rFkk nwljh fdLe gS&,-,y-,Q-Vh-&2] tks
fd xqtjkr d`f"k
fo'ofo|ky; vk.kUn }kjk fodflr dh xbZ gSA
fctk
fctkfctkbZ dk
bZ dkbZ dk mi;qDr l
mi;qDr lmi;qDr le
ee;
;;
fctkbZ
fctkbZfctkbZ dk mi;q
dk mi;qdk mi;qDr le;
Dr le;Dr le;
mRrjh rFkk e/; Hkkjr esa luk; dh fctkbZ dh lokZf/kd mi;qDr le; o"kkZUr ds le; dk
gksrk gSA izk;% ekulwu dh vkf[kjh okfj'k ds mijkUr tc tehu esa gYdh ueh jgrh gS
ml le;
bldh fctkbZ djuk lokZf/kd mi;qDr jgrk gSA nf{k.kh Hkkjr es fo'ksSaesa
a"kr;k cxykSj {ks=
Qjojh&ekpZ ekg essSlZ
a fctkbZ dju ds Hkh vPNs ifj.kke ns[ks x, gSaA os bldh fctkb dk lokZf/kd
mi;qDr le; ekulwZr 15 flrEcj d
u ds ,dne ckn vFkks yxHkx dk gksrk gSA
[ksr dh
[ksr dh[ksr dh[ksr dh[ksr dh rS;k
rS;krS;krS;krS;kjh
jhjhjhjh
luk; dh fctkbZss
ls iwoZ [ksr dh dksbZ fo'k"k rS;kjh djus dh vko';drk ugha gksrhA bldfy, ekg vizS
y&ebZ esa [ksqrkbZ djds mlasS
r dh xgjh ts dqN fnuks d fy, [kqyk NksM+ fn;k tkrk grkfd [ksssssss
r [kjirokjka ls eqDr gk tk,A D;kafd o"kkZ _rq d nkSjku ;g [ksr [kkyh jgxk vr% bl
l[kjirokj vkuk LoHkkfod gS ftUgsa iqu% gy pykdj [ksr esa gh feyk;k tk ldrk gSA r
nqijkUr bl
[ksr esa ,d Vªkyh ¼2-5 Vu½ izfr ,dM+ dh nj ls s
vPNh idh gqbZ [kkn [kr esa feyk nh tkrh gSA
fctk
fctkfctkfctkfctkbZ dh
bZ dhbZ dhbZ dhbZ dh fof/k
fof/kfof/kfof/kfof/k
luk; dh fctkbZ blds chtks ls dh tkrh gSA D;kafd blds chtksss
asa dk [kky dkQh dBkj
gksrk gS vr% fctkbZsssss
l iwoZ bUga 8 ls 10 ?k.V ikuh esa fHkaxkdj j[kus rFkk rnqijkUr fctkbZ dju ds
vPNssZssS ftlls
ifj.kke n[ks x, gSaA db ckj bUgsa jr esa feyk djd gYdk ?kqek;k tkrk g budk
fNydk FkksM+k ueZ iM+ tkrk gS rFkk chtksa dks mxko vPNk gksrk gSA
luk; dh fctkbZ gsrq fNVdoka fof/k dk mi;ksx gh lokZf/kd mi;qDr ik;k x;k gSA izk;
%
,d ,dM+ esa fctkbZ ds fy, yxHkx 4 ls 5 fd-xzk- cht dh vko';drk gksrh gS rFkk cht
ksa dk
mxko 0 ls 70 izfr'kr rd gh gks ikrk gSA chtkas dks [ksr esa fNVdus ls iwoZ mudk
mipkj fd;k
tkuk ykHknk;d jgrk gSA blds fy, ,d fd-xzk-cht ds fy, 3 xzke Fkhje] dSIVku vFkok
,xzklssu
vFkok 2 fe-yh-lhM Iyl dk mi;ksx fd;k tkuk pkfg,A cht fNVdrs le; bl ckr dk /;ku
j[kuk pkfg, fd cht tehu ess vf/kd xgjszk;% rhljs fnu ls chtksa dk
a 2-5 ls-eh- l u tk,aA imxko izkjas ds vanj vanj mxko dh izfdz;k iw.kZ gks tkrh
gSA ;g /;ku
Hk gks tkrk gS rFkk 14 fnukaj[kk tkuk pkfg, fd ikS/ks ls ikS/ks ,oa drkj ls drkj
dh nws
jh ,d QhV l vf/kd u gksaA
fu
fufufufuank
ankankankankb
bbbbZ&
Z&Z&Z&Z&x
xxxxM
MMMMqq
qqqq
+
++++
kbZ] Q
kbZ] QkbZ] QkbZ] QkbZ] Ql
lllly
yyyy lqj{kk r
lqj{kk rlqj{kk rlqj{kk rlqj{kk rF
FFFFkk f
kk fkk flapk
apklapkapklapkb
bbbbZ
ZZZZ
kk fl
kk flkk fl
Qly dks [kjirokjks
a ls eqDr j[kuk vko';d gksrk gS vr% ;FkklaHko gkFk ls Qly dh
fuankbZ xqM+kbZ dj nh tkuh pkfg,A dqyik pyk djds
s Hkh [kjirokjka ij fu;a=.k ik;k tk ldrk
gSA luk; dh Qly dks dkbZ tkuoj tSl xk;] HkSl] Hksa [kkrs vr% budks
sM+] cdjh] fgj.k vkfn ughHkh luk; dsa [kqyk NksM+ssS
[ksr esk tk ldrk gSA ;s tkuoj [kjirokj vFkok ?kkl rk pj yrs gijUrq luk; dks uqdl
ku ugha igqas
pkrs ftlls Lor% gh [kjirokjka ij fu;a=.k gks tkrk gSA
tgkW rd luk; dh Qly ls lacaf/kr gkuss okys jksxkas dk iz'u gS rks loZizFke rks m
i;qDr
chtksas ij fu;a=.k ik;k tk ldrk gSA dbZ ckj blds iRrkas
ipkj ls izkFkfed Lrj ds vf/kdk'k jksxka"kr;k o"kkZ _resa dkys /kCcs fn[kr ij Lo;
a gh Bhd gks tkr
ij fo'ksq s gSa tks ;wa rks /kwi fudyuss gSa
ijUrq ;fn ;ss rd jgasszfr'kr dh nj
T;knk fnukas rks 15 fnu ea ,d ckj Mk;Fku ,e&45 dk 0-15 ils Lizs djuk mi;qDr jgrk
gSA xkSew= ds fNMdko ls Hkh bu /kCck+sa dks nwj fd;k tk ldrk gSA dbZ
ckj Qly ij Qyh Nsnd dhM+
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