&uQdKifpum;jyif ausmufpmwpfcsyf

&uQdKifpmyDwGif &wk/ bGJ@/ {jcif;/ ysK@d / uAsm/ vuFm/ armfuGef;&dk@ trsm;=uD;

[donfhykid fa,Smif &uQdKifpum;jyif t&D;tom;jzifh &D;xm;aom Zmwfawmfrsm;/
edygwfawmfrsm;/ ausmufpm/ armfuGef;rsm; [deDayonf? &uQdKif&dk@wGif jrefrm&dk@u
‘pum;ajy’[k ac:aom uAsmvuFmuJhokd@ um&ef,l&efrvdkaom tpDtuHk;rsdK;udk
‘pum;jyif’[k ac:a=umif; vl=uD;olrrsm; ajympum;udk =um;zl;ygonf?

odk@aomf ,cktcgYrl jrefrmpmyDESifh tuQ&mta&mtaESm[dvmonfu

wpfa=umif;/ udk,f&dk@ &ckdifpmyDu¾udk ordik f;0ifroHk;Edkifonfu wpfa=umif;wdk@
a=umifh ‘pum;jyif’[k rac:=ubJ ‘pum;ajy’[kyif ajymeDavh [d=uygonf?

&uQdKif&SD;rlt& ajymaompum;&dk@udk tuGsef&dk@onf udk,f&dk@pmyDtwGuf cdkifrm

pGm abmifowfjr‡ifhwifvmonfhtcg jyefIoHk;Edkifatmif =udK;pm;&rnfyif jzpfonf?

xdk@jyif tuGsef&dk@ &udQKif,Ofaus;r_wGif trsK;d jcm;&dk@ pmyD,Ofaus;r_ trsm;=uD;

0ifa&mufvsuf [deDodar jzpfonf? 1323-ck/ 'kwd,wefcl;vxkwf (1961-ck/ arv
xkwf) acwfa&S@aqmifpmapmif twGJ(1)/ trSwf(2)/ pmrsufESm(5)wGif armifwef&Sif
&D;aom ‘azmufjyefeDaom &ckdifpum;tcsKd@’ aqmif;yg;Y azmfjyxm;ouJhodk@ ‘&ckdif
pum;ajym avmu’wGif ‘azmufjyefeDaom pum;rsm;’ [deD&m tuGsef&dk@tzdk@
,if;odk@aom pum;rsm;udk &SmIpdppfum y,fxkwfoifhu y,fxkwfypf&awmhrnf
jzpf.? wpfqufwnf;Y xdkodk@ ypfvkdufaomeD&mwGif ‘rlreS faom’ pum;rsm;udk
tpm;xkd;&rnfjzpf.? odk@aomf pmyDe,fjrDus,fjyef@pD&eftwGuf odrf;oGif;&ef vkdtyf
rnfh pum;rsm;udkrl qifqifjcif jcif pOf;pm;I vufcHodrf;,l&rnf jzpf.?

,ck tuGsefwifjyrnfh &uQdKifpum;jyif ausmufpmrSm ajrmufOD;acwf

tv,fyidk f;Y &D;xdk;xm;aom ausmufpm wpfcsyf jzpfygonf? ,if;ausmufpmwGif
&D;xGif;xm;aom tuQ&myHkpHrSm ,uQ0À tuQ&myHkpHrS w&Gd&Gd ajymif;vmvwfaom
tuQ&myHkpHyif jzpf.? tcdsefumvrSmvnf; ,ckacwfwGif oHk;eDaom &uQdKiftuQ&m
yHkpHbufodk@ wpf&ufxufwpf&uf/ wpfedxufwpfed ajymif;eDwkef;umv jzpfayonf?
&/ e/ t/ p paom tuQ&mwpfvHk;ESpfvHk;rSvJGI useftuQ&mrsm;rSm tckacwfoHk;
tuQ&mESifh wlejD yD[k qkdEdkifjyDjzpfayonf?

1
 ausmufpm. pum;jyif t&D;tom;udk rl&if;twkdif; wifjyqkdcJhv#if TuJhodk@
jzpfayonf?

‚ouU&mZf 1955-ck/ wydk@wGJvqef; ig;&uf/ 4-ed/ e&m"dywd a&$eef;&Sif rdefh

awmfrlaom 0gqdk0fvwGif tvdkawmfjynfhrnf[lI qkdonfrSefaoma=umifh
yk%r%da"gwfudk uifjyif&GmwGif [def'kaom a&maESmarmt0if 5-o#nf;/ 3-y0g
vSLawmfjyK/ v,fudkaom pmjrDqufpmpD[lI udyJxmnf/ a&SawmfcH i&_t/ i&JÁ
ESpaf ,muf toHcsnf/ oHus taygufxuf jyiftawmif trSufr,l/ rD.‛

xdkrl&if;udk &uQdKifpum;jyifjzifh wpfzefazmfjy&rnfqdkv#if ouU&mZf 655-ck/

wydk@wGJvqef; ig;&uf 4-ed/ e&m"dywd a&$eef;o#if rdeafh wmfrlaom 0gqdkvwGif
tvdkawmfjynfhrnf[k qkdonfrSefaoma=umifh ykÀm;r%d"mwfudk uif;jyif&GmwGif
[def'laom a&marmaESmt0if ig;o#nf;/ 3-y0g vSLawmfjyKonf/ v,fudk om;pdkifjrD;
quf pm;onf[lI urŠnf;xm;onf? a&S@awmfcH i&SLtm/ i&JÁ ESpfa,muftoH
csonf? oHustaygufxufjyifytawmif;trSufr,l/ yD;.‛[lI jzpfayonf?

pmt&D;tom;rSm &uQdKifpum;/ &uQdKiftuQ&mt& jzpfonf? ‘om;pdik fjrD;quf

pm;pD’[lI ‘tawmif; trSufr,l/ yD;.’ ponfjzifh &udQKiftoHk;te_e;f / &udQKifrlrSef
rSe&f D;xm;aom t&D;tom; jzpfayonf?

(Tausmufpmudk 1952-53-ckxkwf &ckdifwefaqmifr*~Zif;Y ajrmufOD;jrdK@/

ausmufpmynm[d OD;OD;omxGef;u aqmif;yg;&D;I wifjyzl;ygonf? ,if;aqmif;yg;
wGif Tausmufpmudk ‘e&m"dywdarmfuGef;’[k emrnf yD;xm;cygonf?

TarmfuGef;. t"dym` ,frSm ouU&mZf 955-ckESpf/ b0o#if e&m"dywd

rif;zavmif;=uD;onf ykÀm;r%da"gwf yka&m[dwf a[m=um;csuftwdkif;
‘0gqdkvwGif tvdkawmfjynfhvDojzifh yka&m[dwftm; uif;jyif&GmwGif v,ftykdif
pm;yD;onf? ykÀm;tm;yD;aom v,fudk ykÀm;. om;pkid fjrD;qufwdkifatmif
pm;pD&rnf? v,frS&aom aumufyJoD;ESH&dk@udkvnf; a&S@awmfcH ol&Ji&SLtm/ i&JÁ
ESpaf ,mufu aumufcHI ykÀm;tm;tyf&rnf? xdkol&Ja&S@awmfcHESpfa,mufonf
oHawmfcsonfxuftjyif wjcm;tawmif;trSwf vmbfpm;jcif;/ wHpkd;vufaqmif

2
,ljcif; rvkyf&’[k trdehu
f dkyg xkwfxm;cjcif;udk &D;xkd;xm;aom armfuGef;ausmuf
pmyif jzpfvDonf?

Tausmufpmudk avhvmjcif;tm;jzifh &uQdKifouU&mZf 955-ck/ ajrmufOD;

acwf tv,fyidk f;umvu &uQdKifpmudk tckdiftrmoHk;vsuf [deDa=umif;/
tuQ&myHkpH&dk@rSmvnf; tckacwfoHk; &uQdKiftuQ&mESifh tvGefwleDjyD jzpfa=umif;/
,ckacwfoHk; &udQKiftuQ&mrSm ,if;tuQ&mrS ajymif;vmaom tuQ&mjzpfa=umif;
udk odEdkifrnfyif jzpfygonf?

xdkrS wpfqufwnf;wGifvnf; tckacwfoHk; tuQ&mrSm &SD;&uQdKiftpltpOfu

yif oHk;vmvwfaom ‘&uQdKifpmyDtuQ&m’ jzpfa=umif;udk odEidk fvdrrfh nf jzpfygonf?

OuUmrif;ndK

rSwfcsuf? ? Taqmif;yg;udk acwfa&S@aqmifpmapmif (twJG-1/ trSwf(3)/

1961-ck ZGefv)wGif azmfjyzl;onf?