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u|erf wd@k tck jynfoal wGrmS jynfoal wG rygbeJ @J bmudprP S r+yD;ajrmufeikd /f r+yD;jywfeikd b f ;l qdwk m
tck em;vnfedkif+yDvdk@ u|efr xifygw,f? jynfolawG ygrSyJ b,fudpPrqdk +yD;aysmufedkifwmrdk@vdk@ u|efrwdk@
wpfawG u|efr pdwful;xJrSm jynfolawG uae+yD;awmh jynfolawGtwGuf jynfolwdk@&J h 'Drdkua&pD
qdkwJhenf;wpfckudk jrefrmedkifiHwifru wurBmvkH;rSmawmif xyf+yD;}udK;pm;=unhfrSmyg? tJ'Dvdk pdwf"mwfeJ@
u|efrwdk@ }udK;pm;oGm;rSmyg? u|efrwdk@ vdkcsifwJh yef;wdkifudk at;at;aq;aq; rSefrSefuefuefeJ@ a&mufedkif
r,fvdk@ u|efr ,kH=unfw,f? tJ'g cyfwdkwdkajym&&if tvkyfawG trsm;}uD;vkyf&r,f? tvkyfrvkyfbJeJ@
bmrSr&bl;? usGefrwdk@ ArmawGu uHyJ uHyJvdk@ ajymavh&Sdw,f? tJ'ga=umihfyJ u|efrwdk@ vli,fawGudk
xyfwvJvJ ajym&w,f? uHqdkwJh t"dy`g,fudk od&Jhvm; uHqdkwm jyKvkyfjcif;yJ? tJawmh uHyJ/ uHyJqdkwm
cyfww kd kd ajym&&if ud, k vf yk o
f vdjk zpfrmS yJ tJ'aD wmh ud, k vf yk w
f hJ twdik ;f yJ jzpfrmS yJ? vdck siw
f m&S&d if vdck siw
f m
udk &atmifv@kd vky, f &l r,f? u|erf wd@k u rjzpfeikd w f hJ udpaP wGukd vkyaf y;ygrh ,fv@kd vG,v f ,G ef @J awmh tJ'v D kd
vmbfay;+yD;awmh u|efrwdk@ jynfolawGudk rpnf;¶kH;edkifygbl;? u|efrwdk@ }udK;pm;r,f? jynfolawG vdkcsifwJh
vrf;udk tm;vkH; twlwlcif;+yD;awmh tm;vkH; twlwl avsSmufoGm;edkifzdk@ }udK;pm;r,f?
tJ'Dvdk axmufjyjcif;tm;jzihf u|efrwdk@udkvnf; jynfolawGu udk,fvdkcsifwJh udpPawG jzpfajrmuf
atmifvdk@ ulnD&ma&mufygw,f? u|efr jynfolawGudk arwWm&yfcH yg&ap? u|efrwdk@eJ@ qufqHwJh tcgrSm
yGihfyGihfvif;vif; owWd&Sd&Sd ajymqdk qufqH=uyg? u|efrwdk@udk [dk[m ajym&aumif;vm;/ 'D[m ajym&
aumif;vm;qd+k yD;? u|erf wd@k bmrSrvkyyf gb;l ? ajymp&m&Sw d mudk ajymyg? oabmrwl vd@k &&dS if oabm rwlb;l
qdkwmudkawmh jyefajymrSmyg? 'guawmh 'Drdkua&pD&Jh tajccHav? vGwfvyfpGm ajymqdkydkifcGihf vGwfvyfpGm
ajymqdyk ikd cf iG fh qdw
k m vGwv f yfpmG qJqykd ikd cf iG efh @J rwlb;l av? wpfcgwpfavawmh }udr;f armif; wmav;awmh
ygcsifygrSmaygh? wpfa,mufeJ@ wpfa,muf em;vnfatmif ajymqdkzdk@ tifrwefrS ta&;}uD;ygw,f?
wpfa,mufeJ@ wpfa,muf tjrifjcif; zvS,fzdk@ twGufuawmh u|efrwdk@ avhusihf,l&ygr,f? avhusihf
,l&if;eJ@ u|efrwdk@ ydk+yD; wwfvmrSmyg? tck u|efrxGufvmwJh tcsdefrSm t"du ajymif;vJcsuf tjzpf
bmawGŒ&vJ qdkawmh wpfjcm;[mawG odyfrawGŒao;bl;? awGŒrdwmuawmh zkef;av;awG trsm;}uD;yJ?
[dkem;=unhfvJ uifr&mzkef;av;/ 'Dem;=unhfvJ uifr&mzkef;av;? tJ'gbmudkjyvJqdkawmh qufoG,fa&;
bufrmS awmh u|erf wd@k trsm;}uD; wd;k wufvmygw,f? 'Dw;kd wufru _ kd trsm;aumif;usKd ; twGuf wwfeikd w f hJ
enf;eJ@ okH;=uyg? qufoG,fa&;tm;jzihf u|efrwdk@ tcsif;csif;rSm em;vnfr_&atmif u|efrwdk@tcsif;csif;
nDnw G rf kS &atmif ok;H =uygv@kd ajymcsiw f ,f? zke;f awG ygvm&if axmifjyay;=uyg? b,favmuf trsm;}uD;

*sefe0g&D twGJ 12 trSwf 1 15


&SdvJ od&atmif?
(zkef;ygvmolrsm;u zkef;rsm; ajrêmufjy=uonf?)
awmfawmfrsm;wmyJ? u|efr rae@urS yxrOD;qkH;t}udrf tJ'Dvdkzkef;av; okH;zl;w,f? t&if 96
ckESpfwkef;u 'gawG 'DrSmr&Sdao;bl;? okH;wJhtcg=uawmh yg;pyf b,frSmxm;&rSef;rodbl;? r=um;&bl;
qdkwJholawGudk pmom;eJ@ axmifjyr,f?
(qdkif;bkwfwGif a&;xm;onhfpm - u|efruvJ jynfolawGcspfygw,f trSefjcpf atmifqef;pk=unf)
cspaf e¶keH @J r+yD;ao;bl;? tvkyv f yk &f rSm u|erf pOf;pm;w,f/ cspw f ,fqw kd m bmvJ? cspw f ,fqw kd m
wpfO;D ay: wpfO;D pdwcf sr;f omatmif vkyaf y;csiw f hJ qEN&+dS yD; tJ'D qENt&vkyrf S wu,fcsp&f ma&muf ygw,f?
yg;pyfe@J cspyf gw,f/ cspyf gw,f? cspyf gw,f ajymvd@k uawmh ta&cGo H m cspvf ukd w f mrsKd ;uawmh u|erf wd@k u
=uufajccwfyJ?
(rSefvdkufwmuG - y&dwfowfxJrS toH)
yef;uay;&ifvnf; ay;vdkufav bmvdk@udkifxm;wmvJ?
u|erf wd@k tck jynfoal wGukd arwWm&yfccH siw f muawmh apmapmu u|erf ajymovdyk aJ ygh ud, k pf w d f
xJrSm &SdwmawGudk u|efrwdk@udk today;yg? pma&;+yD;awmh ydk@vdk@vnf; &ygw,f? pmwdkufudk pdwfrcs&&if
'DrSmyJ vmay;yg?
jynfolawG bmawG pdwfxJrSm &SdovJ qdkwm u|efrodcsifw,f? bmjzpfvdk@vJ qdkawmh u|efrwdk@
jynfol awG&hJ pdwx f rJ mS vlawG&hJ pdwx
f rJ mS bmawGjzpfaervJ? b,fvjkd zpfaervJ? pdwx f rJ mS b,fvakd jymif;
oGm;ovJ qdkwm u|efraoaocsmcsm rodvdk@r&bl; csufjcif;odzdk@qdkwmr&bl;? jyef+yD;awmh avhvm&
OD;r,f? u|efrwdk@ jynfolawG wpfa,mufcsif;eJ@ pum;ajymzdk@ qdkwmvnf; wu,fwrf; vufawGŒusus
rjzpfeikd b f ;l ? jzpfeikd &f ifawmh ajymwmayg?h jzpfeikd &f ifawmhu|erf xdik ef m;axmifr,f? wpfa,muf+yD; wpfa,muf
rdkufay;+yD;awmh ajym=uawmh? tJ'Dvdkqdkvnf; +yD;rSmr[kwfbl;?
+yD;awmh tJ'v D akd jymwmawGu u|erf awmh oabmusw,f? wpfa,mufxJ x+yD; ajymwmawGu
tifrwef +iD;aiGŒp&maumif;w,f? [dkbuf jyefajym? 'Dbufu jyefajymqdkawmh ydk+yD;awmhvnf; pkHw,f?
yd+k yD;awmhvnf; tm;vk;H twGuf yd+k yD;awmhvnf; tm;vk;H twGuf wefz;kd &Sw d ,f?wpfa,mufxu J ajymwmudk
usew f o
hJ al wGu em;axmifae&wm wpfcgwpfav u|erf pdwx f rJ mS enf;enf; 'Dru kd a&pD rusv@kd ? useG rf wd@k
oGm;+yD;awmh 'DvlxJu wpfa,mufudk vufnêdk;xdk;jyygr,f? x+yD;awmh pdwfxJ&SdwJh qENudk cyfwdkwdkav;
ajymawmh?
(tarpkeJ@ twl vGwfvyfwJh 'Drdkua&pD}uD;udk &,lydkifqdkif csifygw,f cifAsm;)
u|efrwdk@av wpfae@us&if jynfol@[pfwdkif wpfckvkyf&r,f tJ'Dawmh tJ'DrSmqdk&if jynfolawGu
ajymcsiw f m ajymvd@k &atmif? u|erf wd@k uvnf; jynfoal wG&hJ toHawGukd =um;-- [db k ufu bmjyoem&Sv d J
ulnDvdk@&rvm;? taemufu wdk;aevdk@vm;?
(pnf;urf;&Sdyg? pnf;urf;&Sdyg? pnf;urf;&Sdyg?)
ody+f yD;awmh ravm=uyge@J ? aemufq&kd if u|erf wd@k wpfa,mufe@J wpfa,muf trsm;}uD; pum;awG ajymzd@k
tcGihfta&;awG ay:vmrSmyg?
'Dwpfcgwnf; eJ@ r[kwyf gb;l ? aemif t}udr}f udrf tcgcg &Srd mS yg? tJ'u D s&if pdw&f nS f vuf&n S ef @J oD;cHay;=uyg?

16 8sefe0g&D twGJ 12 trSwf 1


'Dwpfcg r=um;&rS aemifwpfcg jyefvmrSmaygh? awmf=um jyefrvmbJ aer,f? =um=um ajymvdk@&Sd&if
jynf o l a wG v nf ; yif y ef ; r,f v d k @ u|ef r xif y gw,f ? tES p f E S p f q ,f a usmf + yD w J h yif y ef ; wm? tJ ' D a wmh
awmfawmfudk usihfom;&ae+yDaygh?
awmfawmf yifyef;ae=u+yDaygh yifyef;w,f qdw k mu udprP &Syd gb;l ? yifyef;&usKd ;eyfz@kd u ta&;}uD;wm?
yifyef;&usKd ;eyfw,f qd&k if b,favmuf yifyef;& yifyef;& &w,f cHeikd w f ,f? tJawmh u|erf wd@k &hJ tm;awGukd
yifyef;&usKd ; eyfatmifv@kd tok;H cs&r,f? u|erf tck ajymcsiw f mu pdw"f mwfrusyge@J ? u|erf wd@k &hJ wdik ;f jynfukd
=unhf+yD; pdwf"mwfuscsif =uwm jzpfrSmyJ/ &SdrSmyJ/ tckxufxd b,frS ra&mufao; ygvm;? tckxufxd
bmrSvnf; wdk;wur_r&Sdygvm;qdkwJh pdwfawG &Sdedkifygw,f? 'gayr,hf 'Dvdkpdwfysufp&m ta=umif;r&Sdygbl;?
usGefrwdk@ }udK;pm;&r,f? 0D&d,qdkwm[m tifrwefrS ta&;}uD; ygw,f? cyf=urf;=urf;yJ0D&d,xkwf&r,f?
tvkyfpvkyfwJh tcgrSm 0D&d,xkwf&r,f? tvkyf tv,fydkif;a&mufwJh tcgrSm 0D&d, xkwf&r,f? tvkyf
aemufq;Hk ydik ;f a&mufcge;D rSm 0D&,
d xkw&f r,f? tvkyq f wkd m +yD;w,f&,fv@kd r&Sb d ;l ? tvkyw f pfck +yD;&ifvnf;
aemuftvkyu f ay:vmrSmyJ? tJawmh edik if w H pfeikd if u
H kd wnfaqmufw,f qdw k mvnf; tJvykd J tvkyaf wG
wpfc+k yD; wpfck vkyo f mG ;&rSm 'Davmu}uD;rSm auseyfp&m/ auseyfp&m tcsed af wGqw kd m b,fawmhrrS &Sb d ;l ?
odk@aomfvnf; u|efrwdk@twGufawmh auseyfp&m tcsdefawG twdkif;twm wpfckxdawmh vdkudkvdkw,f?
tJ'Dvdk auseyfedkifwJh twdkif;twm wpfcktxda&mufzdk@awmh tm;vkH; 0dkif;wGef;=u&r,f? r}udK;pm;bJeJ@
r&bl;? u|efrtaeeJ@awmh u|efruawmh vkyfay;r,fvdk@ u|efr rajymedkifbl;? jynfol&Jh ,kH=unfr_&Sd&if/
jynfol&Jh tm;udk;r_&Sd&if/ jynfol&Jh axmufcHr_&Sdvdk@ &Sd&if u|efrrSm vkyftm;awG trsm;}uD;wufvmr,f?
tJ'v D yk t
f m;awGe@J jynfoel @J twlvyk rf ,f? u|erf wpfa,mufxaJ wmh vkyv f @kd r&bl;? u|erf wpfa,mufxv J J
rvkyfcsifbl;? wpfa,mufxJvkyfw,f qdkwm 'Drdkua&pD r[kwfbl;aemf?
(a[;/ a[;-------------------------------)
u|erf wpfa,mufxJ vkyzf @kd vk;H 0 &nf&, G cf suf r&Sb d ;l ? trsm;eJ@ twlvyk rf mS / u|erf wd@k tay:rSm
=uifemr_&SdwJh urBmol urBmom;awGeJ@ twl vkyfr,f? u|efrwdk@ tm;vkH; twlwl vkyfr,f? wpfcsdKŒawG
xifovdk vufo;D vufarmif; wef;+yD;awmh a&SŒuae +yD;awmh [D;&d;k }uD; vkyw f m? tJ'grsK;d u owWd r[kwb f ;l ?
owWd qdkwm[m pdwf"mwf cdkifcdkifrmrmeJ@ udk,fvdkcsifwJh udpPudk jzpfajrmufatmifvdk@ yifyef;cH+yD;awmh
vkyfedkifwm? 'grS tJ'Dvdk owWdrsKd;awG arG;&r,f? wu,fawmh owWdqdkwm edpP"l0 vkyfae&rSm? u|efrwdk@
jynfolawGu reuf rdk;vif;wmeJ@ 'Duae@ wpfae@udk &ifqdkifzdk@ owWdawG xkwfae=u&r,f r[kwfvm;?
'DowWad wGukd tusK;d &Sad tmifv@kd ok;H =ur,f? wu,hu f kd xdxad &mufa&mufe@J u|erf wd@k jynfoal wGe@J u|erf wd@k
edkifiHtwGuf tusdK;&Sdatmif okH;&r,f? udk,fwpfa,mufxJtwGuf pOf;pm;zdk@ rjzpfbl;? udk,hfrdom;pk
wpfcw k nf;twGuf pOf;pm;vd@k rjzpfb;l ? u|erf xyfwvJvJ ajymcsiyf gw,f? edik if aH &;[m 'd@k e@J rqdik b f ;l qdw k hJ
pdwf"mwfudk rxm;ygeJ@? 'gazaz t&ifuwnf;u ajymcJhygw,f/ vGyfvyfa&; r&cifuwnf;u ajymcJhwJh
pum;yg? edkifiHa&;[m udk,feJ@ rqdkifbl;vdk@ ajymaeayr,hf edkifiHa&;u vm+yD;awmh qdkifaevdrhfr,fwJh
a&Smifaevd@k r&bl;? tm;vk;H [m edik if aH &;yJ/ tck'rD mS u|erf wd@k vm+yD;awmh u|erf wd@k udk axmufcaH ewmwif
edkifiHa&;r[kwfbl;? tdrfrSmae+yD;awmh [if;csufaewJh trsdK;orD;vJ edkifiHa&; vkyfae&wmyJ? bmjzpf
vdk@vJqdkawmh ol@rSm ol@&SdwJh ydkufqHeJ@ avmufatmif csufae&vdk@av? tJ'gvJ edkifiHa&;yJ? om;orD;awG
ausmif;aeedkifatmif ¶kef;uef&wmvnf; edkifiHa&;yJ/ tm;vkH; edkifiHa&;yJ? tm;vkH; edkifiHa&;eJ@ rvGwfbl;?

*sefe0g&D twGJ 12 trSwf 1 17


tJ'Dawmh edkifiHa&;eJ@ 'dk@eJ@ rqdkifbl;? 'dk@u edkifiHa&;xJ rygcsifbl;vdk@? ajymwm[m edkifiHa&;udk em;rvnfvdk@
ajymwJh udpP? u|efrwdk@ jynfolawG[m edkifiHa&;udk em;vnfatmif vkyfyg? u|efrwdk@vnf; oifay;yg?
wpfa,mufeJ@ wpfa,muf oif,l&rSm? jynfoluae u|efrwdk@ 'Drdkua&pDtwGuf v_yf&Sm;aewJholawGudk
oifay;rS u|erf wd@k vnf; rrSm;rSm? 'Dru kd a&pDrmS ta&;}uD;wJh wpfcu k bmvnf; qdak wmh ta&SŒuae+yD;awmh
vkyfaewJholawGudk taemufuvlawGu xdef;edkif&r,f/ xdef;ydkifcGihf &Sd&r,f/ tJ'g'Drdkua&pDyJ? jynfolawG&Jh/
jynfolawG xdef;wmudk u|efrwdk@awG cHyghr,f? jynfolr[kwfbJ xdef;odrf;wmudk odyfrcHcsifbl;(&,fvsuf)?
u|efrpdwfxJrSm bmrS r&Sdygbl;?
u|efrxdef;odrf;cH&wJh ESpfawGtwGif;rSm ayghaemf vkHjcKHa&; wm0ef,l&wJholawGeJ@ trsm;}uD;
qufq&H ygw,f? olw@kd u|erf tay:rSm aumif;cJyh gw,f? u|erf ay:rSm aumif;aumif;rGerf eG f qufqyH gw,f?
tJawmh 'guawmh trSefudk trSeftwdkif; u|efrajym&rSmyg? aus;Zl;wifxdkufwJholudk aus;Zl;wif&rSmyJ?
tJ'v D kd omref vkjH cKHa&; 0efxrf;awGxu J u|erf tay:rSm aumif;aumif;rGerf eG f qufqcH w hJ ohJ al wGukd u|erf
aus;Zl;wifygw,f? pdwfxJrSm wu,hfudk u|efrpdwf&if;eJ@ ajymwmyg? u|efrwdk@[m jynfol tcsif;csif;rSm
wpfa,mufay:rSm wpfa,muf apwemxm;edik af tmifv@kd wpfa,mufukd wpfa,muf aus;Zl;wif edik af tmif
vdk@/ jrifedkifapcsifw,f? q&mawmf}uD;wpfyg;u u|efr cyfi,fi,fwkef;u a[mcJhw,f? aus;Zl;jyKwJhol
qdw
k m &Sm;w,fw?hJ aus;Zl;udk odwwfwo hJ q
l wkd m &Sm;w,fayg?h u|erf tJ'w D ek ;f u i,fwmud;k tJ'pD um;udk
odyo f abmrwlcsib f ;l ? bmvJqakd wmh [kwyf g+yD aus;Zl; jyKedik w f hJ olqwkd m &Sm;w,fqw kd m u|erf vufcw H m
ayghaemf? bmjzpfvdk@vJqdkawmh udk,hfudk aus;Zl;jyKw,fqdkwm vlwdkif;uvnf; 'Davmufxd vkyfay;wm
r[kwb f ;l ? 'gayr,hf aus;Zl;odwwfwhJ ol[m &Sm;w,f qdw k m u|erf ody+f yD; vufrcHygb;l ? vly/J vlyaJ ygh
vljzpfrS aus;Zl;od&rSmayg?h r[kwb f ;l uGm jiif;wJo h u
l &Sw d ,f? aus;Zl;odw,f qdw k hJ t"dyg` ,u f aemufus
awmh &dk;&dk;av;yJ? tcsif;csif;udk wefzdk;xm;wwfwmyJ? tcsif;csif;udk wefzdk;xm;wwfvdkuf&if --- [m
enf;enf;awmh onf;cHygO;D a[h -- c%av; aemufuxvdu k vf @kd bmjzpfomG ; wmrS r[kwb f ?J wpfa,mufe@J
wpfa,mufawmh onf;cH&rSmyJ? wpfa,mufu rwfwyfxvdkufvdk@ pdwfqdk;p&m ta=umif;r&Sdbl;? a'go
}uD;yJ?----- a&SŒu u|efr rae@wkef;u tdrfa&SŒrSm ajymovdkaygh? ta&SŒuvluvnf; taemufuvludk
odwwfrSk/ em;vnfrSk&Sd&r,f? taemufuvluvnf; ta&SŒu vludk em;vnfrSk onf;cHr_&Sd&r,f? tJ'grS
u|erf twGuf tqifajyrSm? 'Dawmh jynfoal wG taeeJ@ u|erf b,fvq kd uf+yD;awmh edik if aH &; c&D;oGm;rvJ
qdkwm odcsifvmr,f?
(odcsifygw,f?---------- )
odwefoa&GŒvnf; odr,f? jynfou l kd tm;ud;k +yD; vkyw f ,fq&kd if jynfoel @J tjrifcsi;f zvS,x f m;
&r,f? u|erf uawmh 'D--'D jynfoal wG=um;rSm u|erf wd@k u tm;vk;H =um;rSmaygah emf trsKd ;om;&if=um;apha&;
udpPudk quf+yD;awmh vkyfoGm;rSmyg? 'g[m ta&;udk }uD;w,f?
(axmufcHygw,f?------------------)
u|efrpdwfxJrSmawmh b,folyJ bmjzpfvdk@? b,foleJ@awmhjzihf tqifajyatmifvkyfvdk@r&bl;?
b,foleJ@ awmhjzihf pum;ajymvdk@r&bl; qdkwm vkH;0r&Sdbl;? b,folyJjzpfjzpf tqifajyatmif vkyfcsifwJh
pdwf&Sd&if vkyfvdk@&&r,f? pum;ajymcsifwJh pdwf&Sd&if pum;ajymvdk@ &&r,f? u|efruawmh 'Dvrf;twdkif;
oGm;rSmyJ? 'Dvrf;twdkif; oGm;wJhtcgrSmawmh u|efrwdk@bufu jynfol@tiftm;awG vdkygw,fqdkwm tck

18 8sefe0g&D twGJ 12 trSwf 1


'DrSm ajym+yD;awmh today; a=unmvdkuf+yD?
(nDygw,f?--- nDnGwfa&;/ nDnGwfa&; ------- )
u|erf wd@k bmyJvyk zf @kd qk;H jzwf/ qk;H jzwf jynfou l kd today;ygrh ,f? tckqv kd @kd &&dS if u|erf wd@k tzGŒJ csKyfe@J
'g--- tzGŒJ 0ifawGe@J vnf; awGŒ+yD;awmh aoaocsmcsm ajym+yD;awmh aqG;aEG;wm r&Sb d ;l ? ajym+yD; aqG;aEG;+yD;
u|erf u tzGŒJ csKyfwpfcx k eJ @J vkyrf mS r[kwb f ;l aemf? u|erf uae+yD;awmh u|erf wd@k 'Dru kd a&pDtwGuf vkyaf ewJh
tpktzGŒJ awG tm;vk;H eJ@ u|erf wG+J yD; vkycf siw f ,f? aemuf+yD;awmh jynfou l vJ tJ'x D rJ mS 0ifyg ay;apcsiw f ,f?
wpfckck vkyf+yDvdk@ qkH;jzwfvdkufvdk@&Sd&if u|efrwdk@ jynfoludk ajymjyr,f/ &Sif;jyr,f? wpfcg wpfav qdk&if
jynfou l u|erf wd@k vkyw f u hJ pd aP wGukd jynfou l oabmrwlwmvnf; &Srd ,f/ 'guawmh 'Dvykd ?J vlwikd ;f awmh
wpfoabmwnf; rjzpfeikd b f ;l ? tJ'o D abmrwlwmudk vufceH ikd w f mvnf; 'Dru kd a&pD&hJ oabmw&m;wpfcyk ?J
'gayr,hfvnf; u|efrwdk@ &Sif;jyr,f? bmjzpfvdk@ u|efrwdk@ 'Dvdkvkyf&ovJ?
jynfol oabmrwlayr,hv f nf; bmjzpfv@kd vky&f wmvnf; qdak wmh jynfou l kd pnf;¶k;H ,l&rSmayg?h
pnf;¶kH;w,f qdkwm 'gyJav? jynfol&Jh ,kH=unfr_/ em;vnfr_tJ'gudk &atmifvkyfr,f? rJ&atmif vkyfwm
r[kwfbl;? tJ'Dawmh u|efrwdk@ jynfolawG&Jh em;vnfrSk jynfolawG&Jh axmufcHrSk tJ'gawGudk &,l+yD;awmh
qufvkyfoGm;r,f? tckcsdefrSm wdwdusus rajymedkifwmudk u|efr awmif;yefygw,f? 'DtcsdefrSm tckyJ
xGufvm+yD;awmh 'gvkyfr,f/ 'gvkyfr,f/ 'gvkyfr,f ajymwmvnf; 'g rpOf;pm;/ rqifjcifbJeJ@ ajymwJh
pum;vnf; jzpfeikd w f ,f? u|erf wd@k 'DtcsKd ;tauGŒrSm jynfoal wG&hJ toHawGukd trsm;}uD; =um;csiyf gw,f?
tJ'DtoHawGudk em;axmif+yD;awmh a&SŒc&D;udk b,fvdk quf+yD;awmh oGm;rvJ qdkwm/ oGm;oihfvJ qdkwm
u|efrwdk@ qkH;jzwfr,f? 'gayr,hf apmapmu u|efrwdk@ ajymovdkyJ ta&;}uD;qkH;[m jynfol&Jh tiftm;eJ@
u|efrwdk@ vkyfr,f? 'Drdkua&pDvdkcsifwJh tpktzGJŒawG tm;vkH;eJ@ u|efrwdk@ vufwGJ+yD;awmh vkyfr,f?
aemuf+yD;awmh u|efrwdk@[m 'Du|efrwdk@ edkifiHrSm &if=um;apha&; twGuf u|efrwdk@ vkyfoGm;r,f?
&if=um;apha&;twGuf vkyfoGm;+yD;awmh jynfolawG tenf;qkH; emr,hfenf;eJ@/ vkH;vkH; rembl;vdk@ vnf;
u|erf rajymedik b f ;l ? 'gu 'Dvkd u|erf tmrcHvu kd v
f @kd &&dS if 'gvnf; vmbfay;wmwpfrsKd ;yJ? u|erf wd@k e@J vdu k vf @kd
remap&bl; qdkwm tJ'Dvdkvnf; u|efrajymvdk@ r&bl;? emcsifvnf; emwmyJ? u|efrwdk@vnf; cH&wmyJ?
u|efrwdk@ vkyfazmfudkifzufawGvnf; cH&wmyJ? 'gayr,hfvnf; jynfolvlxk tenf;qkH;emr,hfenf;awGudk
u|erf wd@k &Sm+yD;awmh vkyyf grh ,f? jynfou l vnf; wpfcgwpfav enf;enf; temcH&r,f qd&k ifawmh onf;cH+yD;
temcHygvdk@? u|efr tckuwnf;u ajymxm;csifygw,f/ vdkawmh vdkcsifygw,f/ temawmh rcHcsifygbl;?
tJ'Dvdkawmh rvkyfeJ@?
onf;cHaewm =um+yDqdkawmh r[kwfwJh[mawGudk onf;cHaewmvm;? onf;cHoihfwmawGudk
onf;cHae wmvm;? u|erf ajymcsiw f ,faemf/ [dk trSm;eJ@ trSeu f kd cGjJ cm;+yD;awmh od&r,f? trSeb f ufuae
&yfwnf&JwJh owWd&Sd&r,f? trSm;eJ@ trSefqdkwm wpfcsdefeJ@ wpfcsdefeJ@ wlwmr[kwfbl;? tcsdefawG ajymif;
ovdk tajctaeawG ajymif;ovdk tajzawGuvnf; ajymif;aew,f? 'gayr,hf tJ'D[mudk vkyfoihfwm
rvkyfoihfwmuawmh qifjcif+yD;awmh udk,hf&Jh udk,hf&Jh vdyfjym/ 'gb,fvdkajymovJ azazajymcJhwJh pum;
wpfcGef;&Sdygw,f? ol@vdyfjym&Jh ckH¶kH;a&SŒrSm ol rm;rm;rwfrwf &yf+yD;awmh tppfcH&Jw,fwJh?
(}udKufw,f/ }udKufw,f----------)
u|efr&Jh vdyfjymckH¶kH; a&SŒrSmvnf; ae@wdkif; rwfwyf&yf+yD;awmh/ u|efrwdk@ jynfolawGvJ 'DvdkyJ

*sefe0g&D twGJ 12 trSwf 1 19


udk,hf&JhvdyfjymckH¶kH;a&SŒrSm ae@wdkif; rwfwyf&yf+yD;awmh rm;rm;rwfrwf tppfcH=unhf=uyg? tJ'Dvdk tppfcH
=unhfwJhtcg udk,f[m vkyfoihf vkyfxdkufwmawGudk vkyfaeovm; qdkwJh tajzu ay:vmygvdrhfr,f?
tJ'Dvdkay:vmvdk@&Sd&if u|efrwdk@&Jh tiftm;awGu t&rf;wefzdk;wufrSm? tiftm;qdkwm rSefrSefuefuef
okH;rSwu,hfudk tzdk;wefwm / rSefrSefuefuef okH;wJh tiftm;&Jh tmedoifudk b,folrS +zdKvdk@r&bl;?
tJ'gudkawmh rSwfxm;=urS? u|efrwdk@ jynfolawGudkav udk,fcsif;pmwJhpdwf/ wpfa,mufeJ@ wpfa,muf
em;vnfwJhpdwf/ wpfa,mufudk wpfa,mufonf;cHwJhpdwfuav;/ tckenf;enf; prf;=unhf&atmif/
enf;enf;prf;=unhfr,faemf? enf;enf;prf;=unhfr,f qdkawmh prf;=unhfr,f? [dkbufuvlawGu r=um;
&vd@k q+kd yD;awmh atmfae=uw,f? tJ'aD wmh u|erf vnf; ajymwm+yD;awmhr,f? tJ'aD wmh 'Da&SŒu vlawGu
[dkbufudk enf;enf; xGufoGm;+yDawmh [dkbufuvlawGudk ae&may;ygvm;?
(ay;r,fa[h--- ay;r,f--------------)
t}udrf}udrftcgcg ajymcJhygw,f? tiftm;awG r&Sd&if u|efrwdk@ vkyfwJh tvkyfawG[m atmifjrif
edkifrSm r[kwfygbl;? tJ'Dawmh tiftm;awGudk pepfwusvkyfrSyJ pepfwusokH;rSyJ xda&mufrSm 'Dawmh
enf;enf;av; pepfwusjzpfatmifb,fvv kd yk rf vJ? u|erf ajymjyr,f/ ta&SŒuvlawGu rwfwyfxwJh tcg
aemufuvlawGu pdww f =kd uw,f? tJ'aD wmh u|erf ajymcsiw f m ta&SŒuvlawGuvnf; t=um}uD; rxyge@J ?
aemufuvlawGu c%avmufxwmudk onf;nnf; cH=uyg// c%xwmyJ bmjzpfv/J wpfcsed v f ;Hk x&ifawmh
wpfrsdK;aygh?
aemuf+yD;awmh rSmyg&ap arsSmfvihfae¶kHeJ@ &rSmr[kwfbl; vdkcsifae¶kHeJ@ &rSm r[kwfbl;? vdkcsifwm
&atmifukd vkyw f wfr/S vky&f rJ /S vkyef ikd rf S ------------------ useG rf wd@k taumif;qk;H enf;vrf;awG
&Sm+yD;awmh ud, k vf ckd siwf hJ yef;wdik u
f kd a&mufatmif oGm;&r,f? u|erf u trsKd ;om;&if=um;apha&;udk tjrJwrf;
,kH=unfw,f? 'Denf;udk oGm;udk oGm;&r,f qdkwm u|efr,kH=unfw,f? axmufcHaewJh olawGa&SŒrSm
(vufckyfoHrsm; qlnHyGufavm&dkufvsuf)
u|erf ,k=H unfwm vl@tcGit fh a&;udk ,k=H unfw,f? w&m;Oya' pd;k rd;k a&;udk ,k=H unfw,f? tJ'gawG
twGufawmhu|efr tjrJwrf; vkyfaqmifoGm;rSmyg? yk*~dKvfa&;t& b,fol@udk rkef;vdk@/ b,f0ghudk rkef;vdk@
qdk+yD;awmh vkyfaewmr[kwfbl;? tJ'DpdwfawG u|efr r&Sdbl;? tcsdefvnf; r&Sdbl; 'Davmu}uD;rSm tvkyf
trsm;qk;H (vufcyk o f rH sm;-----) tck u|erf xde;f odr;f cHae&wJh umvwpfavsmS uf u|erf &Jh vkjH cKHa&;twGuf
wm0ef,w l hJ wm0ef,&l wJh yk*Kd~ vfawGuaygah emf u|erf tay:rSm aumif;cJyh gw,f? u|erf tay:rSm awmfawmf
aumif;cJhygw,f? 'g u|efr trSeftwdkif; ajymwm? tJ'gudkvnf; u|efr wefzdk;xm;ygw,f? aus;Zl;
wifygw,f? xyf+yD;awmh 'DvdkyJ ae&mtrsdK;rsdK;rSm u¾trsdK;rsdK;rSm aumif;aumif;rGefrGef wpfa,mufudk
wpfa,muf aumif;aumif; rGefrGef qufqH+yD; vkyfaqmifoGm;apcsifw,f? tJ'Dvdku|efr tay:rSm aumif;
aumif; rGefrGef qufqH ovdk jynfolawGtm;vkH;tay:rSm aumif;aumif;rGefrGef qufqHapcsifw,f?
(vufckyfoHrsm; qlnHyGufavm&dkufvsuf)
u|efr vdkyJ jynfolawGtay:rSm tus,fcsKyfcs+yD;awmh rqufqHapcsifbl;//
(vufckyfoHrsm; qlnHyGufavm&dkufvsuf)
u|erf tay:rSm aumif;aumif;rGerf eG f qufqo H vdk jynfoal wG tay:rSmvnf; aumif;aumif;rGerf eG f
qufqHygvdk@ u|efru arwWm&yfcHygw,f? aumif;rGefwJh udpPudk wefzdk;xm;&r,f? aus;Zl;wifxdkufol udk

20 8sefe0g&D twGJ 12 trSwf 1


aus;Zl;wif&r,f? udk,f r}udKufvdk@ tm;vkH; raumif;bl;vdk@ ajymvdk@ rjzpfbl;? aumif;wmvnf; &Sdw,f?
raumif;wmvnf; &Sdw,f? raumif;wm raumif;bl; ajym&ifvnf; pdwfqdk;aevdk@ rjzpfbl; rvkyfeJ@ ?
(vufckyfoHrsm; rpJ---)
vlwpfa,muf&hJ aus;Zl;udk yGx J w k &f wmavmuf tifrwefrS tm;&p&m aumif;wm r&Sb d ;l ? tifr
wefrS tm;&p&m aumif;w,f? tifrwefrS auseyfp&maumif;w,f? u|efru vkyfcsifygw,f? aus;Zl;
wifp&m awGom vkyf=uprf;yg u|efru wpfcsdefvkH;ac:+yD; aus;Zl;wifaeyghr,f? tckvnf; jynfolawGudk
aus;Zl;wif&rSmyJ aus;Zl;wifygw,f? u|efrwdk@ ArmawG&Jh owWdu aumuf&dk;rD;vdkyJvdk@ c%c% ajymwm
u|erf vk;H 0 r}udKufb;l ? tJ'g[m u|erf wd@k jzpfoihw f hJ udprP [kwb f ;l ? tJ'v D kd rjzpf&bl;? vlqw kd m vljzpfumrS
vlyDyDae&w,f? vl@oduQm qdkwm&Sdw,f/ vl@tcGihfta&; a=unmpmwrf;rSm bmeJ@ pvJqdkawmh vlwdkif;/
vlwdkif;[m arG;&myg *k%foduQm&Sdw,f? tJ'D *k%foduQmudk xdef;odrf;&r,f?
(vufckyfoHrsm; qlnHvsuf)
oduQmudk xdef;odrf;&r,f? tJ'gudk ajymwm? jynfolawGtwGufyJ vkyfay;/ jynfolawG twGufyJ
vkyfay;vdk@? vlwdkif;/ vlwdkif;[m udk,hfwm0efudk ausyGef&r,f? tJ'DvdkvkyfedkifrS u|efrwdk@ edkifiHwdk;wufrSm?
u|erf wd@k edik if H rwd;k wufvm;/ wd;k wufvm;qdw k m? u|erf xuf jynfoal wG yd+k yD;awmh odw,f? rwd;k wufv@kd
b,fol@a=umihf/ b,f0gha=umihfvdk@ ajymr,hftpm; u|efrwdk@ tm;vkH; vufnDwufnD eJ@ vufwGJ+yD;awmh
wd;k wufatmifv@kd vkyef ikd zf @kd tcGit fh a&;awG ay;ygv@kd y?J tJ'v D ykd J u|erf ajymcsiw f ,f? vufjzef@+yD; awmif;wm
vJ r}udKufb;l ? ud, k uf ,
kd w
f ikd v
f nf; vufjzef@ rawmif;csib f ;l ? u|erf wd@k jynfou l vnf; vufjzef@+yD;awmh
awmif;csifwJh pdwfr&Sdbl;vdk@ ,kH=unfw,f?
([kwfygw,f? [kwfygw,f -------------------)
u|efrwdk@ wdk;wufa&;twGuf/ udk,hf&ydkifcGihfawGudk vdkcsifw,fvdk@ u|efrwdk@ ,kH=unfw,f?
udk,hfwdk;wufa&;twGuf vkyfydkifcGihfawG &atmifvdk@ u|efrwdk@ vkyfay;&r,f? aemuf+yD;awmh tm;vkH;udk
vdu k +f yD;awmh xrif;a0zd@k r[kwb f ;l ? ud,k x fh rif;ud,k f 0atmif &Smedik w f hJ t&nftcsi;f awG/ tcGifh tvrf;awG
&Sdzdk@?
(vufckyf=obmoHrsm; qlnHvsuf)
u|efrwdk@ qufvkyfoGm;r,hf tvkyfawG[m u|efrwdk@ 'Drdkua&pDudk ,kH=unfwJh tpktzGJŒawGeJ@
wdik w f ikd yf ifyif vkyo
f mG ;r,f? trsKd ;om; 'Dru kd a&pD tzGŒJ csKyf qd+k yD; tJ'v D kd u|erf wd@k xD;xD;}uD; vkyo f mG ;rSm
r[kwfbl;? trsm;eJ@ wlwl vufwGJ+yD;awmh vkyfoGm;r,f? tJ'Dtrsm;udk 0ef;&H&rSm jynfolyJ? jynfolawG
r0ef;&HbJ u|efrwdk@ bmrS vkyfvdk@r&bl;? jynfolwdk@ tultnDudkvdkvdk@ u|efrwdk@ awmif;w,f? awmif;wJh
tcg=u&if u|efrwdk@ tay:rSm ,kH,kH=unf=unf vdkvdkvm;vm;eJ@ 'Dtiftm;awGeJ@ yHhydk;ay;ygvdk@? tck
uwnf;uae arwWm&yfcHxm;ygw,f? tJ'Dawmh tm;awGarG;xm;? xrif;rsm;rsm;pm;xm;vdk@ ajym&rSm
vnf; tm;emw,f? xrif;odyfr&Sdbl;qdk&if b,fvdk jyefajz&rvJvdk@? tm;awG arG;xm;=u? udk,fudkudk,f
--- pdwftm;a&m/ cE<mudk,ftm;a&m arG;xm;=u? tJ'Dtm;awGeJ@ u|efrwdk@ twlwl vufwGJ+yD;vkyfr,f?
u|erf wd@k twlvufw+JG yD; vky=f u+yDqv kd @kd &&dS if yef;wdik uf kd a&mufatmif u|erf yGiyfh iG v fh if;vif;yJajymr,faemf?
u|efrwdk@ vlawGxJrSm yef;wdkifa&mufwJh[mudk rjrifvdkuf&wJholawG trsm;}uD;yJ? 'gayr,hf 'DrSefuefwJh
yef;wdkifudk &nfrSef;+yD; avsSmufoGm;&w,fqdkwJh b0wpfck&Jh wefzdk;u b,fvdkrS jzwfvdk@ r&bl;? vlwdkif;u

*sefe0g&D twGJ 12 trSwf 1 21


tedpPoabm ruif;ygbl;? wpfae@us udpP+yD;oGm;rSmyJ? 'gayr,hf r+yD;cif tcsdef twGif;rSm tenf;qkH;
udk,fb,fvdk aecJhw,f? xdkifcJhw,fqdkwm od=uzdk@? u|efrwdk@ awGŒwkef;rSm u|efrwdk@&Jh uG,fvGefoGm;wJh
vkyfazmfudkifzufawG/ 'Drdkua&pD&Jabmf&JbufawG udk u|efr *k%fjyKcsifw,f? tck txdjyif;jyae=uwJh
u|erf wd@k &hJ 'Dru
kd a&pD vkyaf zmfuikd zf uf/ &Jabmf&b
J ufawGukd *k%jf yKcsiw
f ,f? tm;vk;H tjrefq;Hk vkyef ikd yf gapvd@k
usGefrwdk@ jynfolawGu 0dkif;+yD; ---------
(vufckyfoH =obmoHrsm; tarpk usef;rmygap/ csrf;omygapqdkaom toHrsm; rpJawmhay?)
+yD;yg+yD? ?

rdk;rc tifwmAsL;
a':atmifqef;pk=unfeJ@ tajzrsm; 0ifbm 26/ 2010

,ae@naerSm rdk;rcu tifeft,f'DygwD acgif;aqmif/ vlxkacgif;aqmif a':atmifqef;pk=unfeJ@


acwW c % awG @ qk H a r;jref ; cG i f h & cJ h y gw,f ? rd k ; rcu vuf c H & &S d x m;wJ h jynf w G i f ; jynf y u jref r mrsm;&J h
ar;jref;csuaf wG/ oabmxm;awGukd wifjyjyD; a':pk&hJ wke@f jyefcsuu f kd aumufEw k af zmfjyvduk w f m jzpfygw,f?

yxrOD;qkH; jrefrmjynfolvlxku a':atmifqef;pk=unf vGwfajrmufvmwJhtwGuf 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;om


jzpf=uw,f? tm;wuf=uw,f? a':atmifqef;pk=unf&Jh usef;rma&;/ vkHjcKHa&;/ trsLd;om;a&;vkyfief;awG
tpDtpOfawGudk tm;vkH;u tqifajy acsmarG@ atmifjrifapzdk@ qkrGefaumif;awG awmif;ae=uw,f/
arwWmydk@ae=uw,f/ axmufcH tm;ay;vsuf &Sdw,f qdkwJh ta=umif;udk t&ifqkH; wifjyvdkygw,f?

aus;Zl;wifygw,f? usrwd@k tckvkd =um;od&wJt


h wGuv
f nf; 0rf;omygw,f?

aemufwckuawmh jynfyrSm jrefrmtrsKd;om;awGuvnf; vlr_a&;uGef,ufawGtjzpf wa,mufwvuf


uk,
d x
f u
l ,kd x
f vlra_ &;vkyif ef;awG vkyu
f ikd af e=uwmawG &Sw
d ,f? jynfwiG ;f u vlra_ &;pGr;f aqmifoal wGukd
tm;ay; *k%fjyK=uwmawG vkyfae=uwmawG &Sdygw,f? Oyrmtm;jzifh jynfol@*k%f&nf v_yf&Sm;r_awG
ponfjzifh tJonftwGufudk bmrsm; ajymvdkygovJ?

usr 'Dta=umif;udk =um;& od&ygw,f? 0rf;omygw,f? 'grsK;d awGukd qufjyD;awmh vkyo f mG ;=uyg?
om;wdk@taeeJ@ nDnDnGwfnGwf vkyf=u&r,faemf? tjyifu tzGJ@awGu tuGJuGJtjym;jym;jzpfaew,fvdk@
c%c% tajymcH & wm raumif ; bl ; aemf ? wcgwavrS m Ed k i f i H a &;t& eJ e J uG J j ym;ae=uwmawG u d k
vlr_a&;vkyfief;awG twlwlvkyf&if;eJ@ &if=um;aph=uvdk@ &Sd&if tajctaeawG aumif;vmvdrfhr,f vkd@
xifygw,f?
[kwfuJhyg? jynfyu jrefrmtrsKd;om;awG/ wdkif;&if;om;awGu jrefrmjynfjyifyrSm/ e,fpyfa'oawGrSm

22 8sefe0g&D twGJ 12 trSwf 1


a&$@ajymif;aexdik =f uae=u&w,f? tckq&kd if ESpaf ygi;f 20 avmuf &Sjd yD? od@k aomf wdik ;f jynf&hJ trsL;d om;a&;eJ@
ywfouf&ifawmh tjrJwef; pdw0f ifwpm;/ wufwuf=uG=uGe@J a&muf&m us&mae&mawGuae v_y&f mS ;r_awG/
awmif ; qd k r _ a wG / &yf w nf r _ a wG u d k E_ w f y d w f c H x m;&wJ h jynf w G i f ; u jynf o l a wG u d k , f p m;
aqmif&Gufae=uwmawG &Sdygw,f? Oyrmtm;jzifh 2008 tajccHOya'wdk@/ 2010 a&G;aumufyGJawGudk
vufrcHbl;/ uef@uGuf qef@usifcJh=uw,f? tJonftwGufudk bmajymcsifygovJ?

tckvdkrsLd; vkyfudkif aqmif&GufwmawG[m ckcsdefrSm ta&;=uD;w,f vdk@ ajymcsifygw,f?


wd k i f ; &if ; om;awG e J @ vuf w G J v k y f = uzd k @ ud k v nf ; rarh = uapcsif b l ; aemf ? tck c sd e f [ m wu,f a wmh
usrwd@k twGuf tvGet f a&;=uD;wJh tcsed jf zpfygw,f? tckcsed rf mS tm;vk;H u pkaygi;f tiftm;eJ@ v_y&f mS ;&r,fh
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*sefe0g&D twGJ 12 trSwf 1 25


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*sefe0g&D twGJ 12 trSwf 1 29


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30 8sefe0g&D twGJ 12 trSwf 1


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*sefe0g&D twGJ 12 trSwf 1 31


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(37) wGif Adkvfae0if;yg tvdkwl tvdkyg/ yg0ifvkyfpm;ae
(1958) ckESpfwyfrawmfrSm tm%modrf; a=umif;eJ@ ppfOD;pD;t&m&Sd ESpfOD;u vkyfZmwfcif;wifjy
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aeygvsuf rod[efaqmifum ajAmifvdrfaewmudk ,if;tajctaersm;udk OD;Ek[m ordik ;f eJ@ ,SOw f JG quf
tm%m&oef@&iS ;f tpd;k &udk wdwyd y od&cdS =hJ uygw,f/ pyfumtav;teufo;kH oyfr@_ jyKcJw h ,fv@kd qdyk gw,f?
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rE Wav;u jyefvnfa&muf&SdcJhwJh 0ef}uD;csKyfOD;Ekudk yGJtopfusif;y+yD;/ jy\emudkajz&Sif;bdk@ }udK;pm;
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32 8sefe0g&D twGJ 12 trSwf 1


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AdkvfrSL;csKyfwifaz/ AdkvfrSL;}uD; armifarmifeJ@ AdkvfrSL; Adv
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*sefe0g&D twGJ 12 trSwf 1 33


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34 8sefe0g&D twGJ 12 trSwf 1


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*sefe0g&D twGJ 12 trSwf 1 35


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36 8sefe0g&D twGJ 12 trSwf 1


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*sefe0g&D twGJ 12 trSwf 1 37


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38 8sefe0g&D twGJ 12 trSwf 1


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*sefe0g&D twGJ 12 trSwf 1 39


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44 8sefe0g&D twGJ 12 trSwf 1


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46 8sefe0g&D twGJ 12 trSwf 1


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a':atmifqef;pk=unfukd oHtrwf}uD;ESpfOD; vma&mufawGŒqkH 2010-12-03


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Ek d i f i H a &;tusOf ; om;2200ausmf
vG w f a jrmuf a &;rarh z d k @ AAPP VOA

wdkufwGef; 2010-11-23
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54 8sefe0g&D twGJ 12 trSwf 1


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*sefe0g&D twGJ 12 trSwf 1 55


t=urf;rzufenf;jzifh
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56 8sefe0g&D twGJ 12 trSwf 1


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2010-12-10
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*sefe0g&D twGJ 12 trSwf 1 57
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awGŒqkHwJh yxrOD;qHk; tar&duef tqihfjrihf oHt&m&Sdjzpfygw,f?

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tjrifawGudk od&SdEkdifzdk@ &nf¶G,fw,fvdk@ azmfjyxm;ygw,f?

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rpPwm*sKd;Zuf,Gef;[m tckESpf arvu jrefrmEkdifiHudk vma&mufcJhwJh ta&SŒtm&SeJ@ ypdzdwfa&;&m


vufaxmufEkdifiHjcm;a&;0ef}uD; Kurt Campbell +yD;&if tqifhtjrifhqHk; tar&dueftpkd;& wm0ef&Sd yk*~dKvf
jzpfa=umif;vnf; a=unmcsufrSm azmfjyxm;ygw,f?

58 8sefe0g&D twGJ 12 trSwf 1


'Drdkua&pDajymif;vJa&;vkyfzdk@
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2010-12-10 VOA

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Ekid if aH wG jzpfygw,f? tvm;wlyJ nDvmcHukd wufa&mufaewJh jynfo@l qufqaH &;eJ@ oHwrefa&;&m tar&duef
vufaxmuf EdkifiHjcm;a&;0ef}uD; Judith McHale uvnf; 'DnDvmcH[m jrefrmEdkifiHrSm 'Drdkua&pD
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tar&duef 2 EkdifiHqufqHa&;uae jrefrmEkdifiHrSm +idrf;csrf;=uG,f0wJh 'Drdkua&pDpepf xGef;um;a&;
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bmvDrmS usi;f yaewJh 'Dru dk a&pD nDvmcHukd a'owGi;f Ekid if H 70 ausmu f acgi;f aqmifawG wufa&mufae+yD;
2 &uf=um usif;yr,fvdk@ od&ygw,f?
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wufa&mufw,fvdk@ odf&ygw,f?

*sefe0g&D twGJ 12 trSwf 1 59


'kwd,yifvHkeJ hwyfrawmfu¾
oabmayguv f aJG ea=umif;
a':atmifqef;pk=unf ajym=um;

2010-12-12 VOA
wdkif;&if;om;pnf;vHk;nDnGwfa&;/ trsdK;om;jyefvnfoifhjrwfa&; twGuf jyKvkyfzdk@ jyifaewJh 21
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vdkufwm jzpfygw,f?
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jzpfw,fqkdwmudk wyfrawmfua&m/ wjcm; tpktzJG@awGua&m em;vnfatmif tefwDwkd@ }udK;pm;&rSm
'gu yxrtqihyf g? tJ'v D dk em;vnfr_ &oGm;+yDqrdk S yl;aygi;f aqmif&u G rf _ twGuf tefww D @kd quf+yD; }udK;pm;
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60 8sefe0g&D twGJ 12 trSwf 1


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jrefrmh'Drdkua&pDa&;rSm urBmhvli,frsm;
ulnDzdk@ a':atmifqef;pk=unf yef=um;
2010-12-13 VOA
awmiftmz&dEdkifiH y&Dwdk;&D;,m;+rdKŒrSm usif;yaewJh 17 }udrfajrmuf EdkifiHwum ausmif;om;
vli,fyJGawmf zGifhyJG tcrf;tem;rSm jrefrmh'Drdkua&pD acgif;aqmif a':atmifqef;pk=unfu jrefrmh
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tzJGŒ0ifEdkifiHaygif; 135 EdkifiHu udk,fpm;vS,f oHk;aomif;avmuf wufa&mufr,fvdk@ od&ygw,f?
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OuUÏ &Jabmfausmfoef; wufa&mufaeygw,f?

pD;yGm;a&; wdk;wufatmif tpdk;&u


Oya'csrSwf vkyfaqmif&rnf
14 'DZifbm 2010 VOA
jrefrmEdik if rH mS uarmufur jzpfaewJh pD;yGm;a&;pepfa=umifh tm%m&Sd todik ;f t0dik ;f eJ@ eD;pyfoal wG
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*sefe0g&D twGJ 12 trSwf 1 61
ygw,f? pD;yGm;a&;pepfudk tpdk;&u Oya'eJ@wuG jyKjyifajymif;vJ&rSm jzpfayrJh vlxktaeeJ@ udk,fh[mudk,f
vkyu f ikd af jymif;vJEikd wf hJ udpaP wG trsm;}uD; &Sad ew,fv@kd vnf; qdyk gw,f? AGt D akd t tar&dueftoH&ŒJ Cross-
roads Asia tpDtpOfeJ@ jyKvkyfwJh qufoG,far;jref;cef;rSm a':atmifqef;pk=unfu tckvdk ajym=um;
vdkufygw,f?
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pD;yGm;a&;pepfqkdwm rajymif;vJEkdifygbl;? Oyrm ArmusyfaiG vJvS,fE_ef; rrSefruef jzpfaewJh udpPrsKd;yg?
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ukd,fu xkdifae+yD; vlawGudk bmvkyf=u/ nmvkyf=u ajymvkd@ r&ygbl;? udk,fwkdif vkyfjy&ygw,f? HIV
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vkyEf idk w
f ,fqw kd m jywJo h abmvnf; jzpfygw,f? t&m&mtwGuf tpd;k &udck sn;f tm;uk;d aevk@d r&ygb;l ?”
AGDtdkat tar&dueftoH Crossroads Asia tpDtpOf&JΠqufoG,f ar;jref;cef;rSm trsKd;om;
'Drkdua&pD tzGJŒcsKyf acgif;aqmif a':atmifqef;pk=unf ajz=um;oGm;cJhwm jzpfygw,f?
RFA
EdkifijH cm; owif;Xmersm; a':atmifqef;pk=unfukdawGŒqkH 2010-12-22
tar&duef jynfaxmifpku emrnfausmf Forbes r*~Zif;eJ@ New Yorker r*~Zif;awG tygt0if/
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twGif; aqG;aEG;yGJwck vkyfzkd@&Sda=umif; pkHprf;od&ygw,f?

62 8sefe0g&D twGJ 12 trSwf 1


a':atmifqef;pk=unfudk tdkif,mvefu
qkvufcH&efzdwf=um; VOA

2010-12-17

tdkif,mvefEdkifiH Galway +rdKŒawmfaumifpu D jrefrmh 'Dru kd a&pD acgi;f aqmif a':atmifqef; pk=unf
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tzJGŒcsKyf&yfwnfcGifh w&m;&Hk;csKyfu y,fcscJhayrJ h VOA

Oya'a=umif;t& qufvufaqmif&Gufrnf 2010-11-23

trsLd;om; 'Drdkua&pDtzJGŒcsKyfudk a&G;aumufyJG aumfr&Sifu zsufodrf;vdkufwmeJŒywfoufvdkŒ


Oya'eJ@ rnDa=umif; tzJGŒcsKyf acgif;aqmif a':atmifqef;pk=unf&JŒ avSsmufvJcsufudk w&m;&Hk;csKyfu

*sefe0g&D twGJ 12 trSwf 1 63


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