Analytical Exposition Text

Definition of Analytical Exposition

Exposition is a text that elaborates the writer‘s idea about the phenomenon surrounding. Its
social function is to persuade the reader that the idea is important matter.

Social Function of Analytical Exposition

To persuade the reader or listener that something the case.

Generic Structure of Analytical Exposition

1. Thesis: Introducing the topic and indicating the writer’s position
2. Arguments: Explaining the arguments to support the writer’s position
3. Reiteration: Restating the writer’s position

Significant Lexicogrammatical Features of Analytical Exposition

 Simple Present Tense.
 Focus on generic human and non-human Participants
 Use of Internal conjunction to state argument
 Reasoning through Causal Conjunction or nominalization

Example of Analytical Exposition

Corruption and Indonesian Culture

Thesis
Corruption has happened for many years and today it becomes a bad culture in Indonesia for
three reasons

Argument 1
Most adult Indonesian or foreigners have known and admitted that corruptions happen in many
places. The daily newspapers, news programs on TV and radio have reported corruptions are
done everywhere, almost in all departments or public services of this country. Corruptions
happen in health, education departments and banks. When we manage to get some documents in
public service offices, we usually need much money to pay. Manipulations happen everywhere

Argument 2
The actions to eliminate corruption are weak. The ever stronger culture seems not to come to an
end when the responsible institutions who have to reinforce the justice today commit corruption.
This is the worst. Corruptions happen in police department, courts where judges, public
prosecutors, lawyers make deals to do corruption. All of us also heard in the end of 2004,
Probosutejo reported that he had bribed the Supreme Court, or called Mahkamah Agung which
becomes the highest level where the justice can be obtained. Perhaps you have to try to come to
the local courts and see what happen there. You will see practices of bribery and other kinds of
corruption. Therefore, we can say that corruptions becomes our culture. Do you like it?

Argument 3
The citizens have no goodwill to fight against the corruption. They create the situations in which
people have opportunities to do corruptions. The citizens like to break the rules because they are
not disciplined. For example, in the street when they drive a car or ride motorcycle, they do not
have the driving license or necessary documents. Then, they are caught by the local policemen.
To avoid more difficulties, they like to bribe the officer. The officer let them go then. In other
words, the citizens and officers are the same, doing corruption together. If only the people were
critical, disciplined, and obey the rules, and willing to report any wrong behaviors, this country
will not be number one corrupting country in the world.

Reiteration/ conclusion
Conclusion Based on the reasons, we can conclude that corruption is becoming a bad culture in
Indonesia if it is not ended soon by all of us. It seems that there must be more severe penalty for
the Corruptors. Do we still care about the future of this country?

Report Text
Definition of Report
Report is a text which presents information about something, as it is. It is as a result of
systematic observation and analysis.

Social Function of Report

To describe the way things are with reference to a range of natural, man – made and
social phenomenon in our environment.

Generic Structure of Report

1. General Classification: tells what the phenomenon under discussion is
2. Description : tells what phenomenon under discussion is like in terms of parts,
qualities, habits, or behaviors (if living) or uses (if non-natural)

Significant Lexicogrammatical Features of Report

 Focus on generic participants
 Use relational processes to state what is and that which it is
 Use simple present tense

Example of Report
Volcanoes

General Classification
A volcano is a mountain which is formed by the eruption of material from the earth’s interior
through a central opening or groups of openings. Volcanoes are scattered over the world.
Volcanoes can be divided into three categories based on volcano forms and type of volcanic
activities. They are Shield, Composite and Explosion volcanoes

Description
A shield volcano is formed chiefly of layers of basalt (a dark, heavy lava). A few shield
volcanoes are composed of andesite ( a related, less dense type of lava).

Description
A composite volcano has more frequent and violent explosive eruptions than shield volcanoes
do. Lava may be extruded from either central crater or fissures on a volcano’s sides.

Description
Explosion volcanoes are composed of inclined layers of pyroclastic debris and contain no lava.
During the eruption, debris is ejected from the crater. Most explosion volcanoes are formed
during one period of eruption

Spoof Text
Definition of Spoof
Spoof is a text which tells factual story, happened in the past time with unpredictable and funny
ending. Its social function is to entertain and share the story.

Social Function of Spoof

To tell an event with a humorous twist

Generic Structure of Spoof

1. Orientation : who were involved in the story, where, and when
2. Events : tell what happened to a chronological order
3. Twist : provide the funniest part of the story

Significant Lexicogrammatical Features of Spoof

 The use of action verb.
 The use of connectives (first, then, finally).
 The use of adverbial phrases of time and place.
 The use of simple past tense.

Example of Spoof
Green, Pink and Yellow

Orientation
Can you name the colors in English? Yes, you are right. They are blue, red, yellow, green, white,
brown, purple, black and so on. I have a funny story about the colours. Do you want to know it?
ok let me tell you.

Events
One day, an English teacher talked about colours to his students. After he had been explaining,
he asked his students, “Who can make a sentence using the word, Green, Pink and Yellow?”
James, the smartest student in the class quickly raised his hand and answered, “When the yellow
morning Sun comes, I see a beautiful girl wearing a pink clothe walking through the green
grass”.
“Excellent. James, you are a very good student” the teacher said.

Twist
“Me, me Sir”. Johny, the lazy student in the class said while raising his hand. And then he said,
“I heard telephone ringing green, green, then I pink up the receiver and I said, “Yellow, who is
speaking there?