Question 5

Prove that the equivalent nodal load vector to the linear load distributions is given by

3
q L

{ }{ }
❑F 20 0
❑ y1
1
❑M q 0 L2
e
{ F }= ❑ z1 30
=
❑F 7
❑ y2 q L
20 0
❑M −1
❑ z2 q L2
20 0

Solution:

x
q ( x )= q 0
L
L
F y1 + F y 2=∫ q ( x ) dx
0

L
x
¿∫ q dx
0 2L 0
L
x2
¿[ ] q
2L 0 0

1
¿ L q0 (a)
2

Taking moment about nodes 2 gives:

1 1
F y1 L−M z 1−M z 2=
3 2 ()
q0 L 2

1
¿ q 0 L2 (b)
6
x
d2 v 1 x2
EI 2 =M =F y1 x−M z 1= × x ×
dx 3
q
2L 0 [ ] 0

1 x2
¿ ×x× q
3 2L 0
 x3
¿ q
6L 0

dv x2 q0 x 4
EI =F y1 −M z 1 x=
dx 2 24 L
5
x3 x 2 q0 x
EIv=F y 1 −M z 1 =
6 2 120 L

At x=L(i.e. node 2), these two equations becomes

3
L2 q0 L
F y1 −M z 1 L= (1)
2 24
4
L3 L2 q 0 L
F y1 −M z 1 = (2)
6 2 120

L
(1)× ,
3
2
L3 M z 1 L q L 4
F y1 − = (3)
6 3 72

( 2 )−(3) ,

−M z 1 L2 M z 1 L2 q0 L4 q 0 L4
+ = −
2 3 120 72

M z 1 L2 q L4
=
6 180

q L2
⇒ M z 1= (c )
30

2
(2) × ,
L

L2 q 0 L3
F y1 −M z 1 L= (4)
3 60

( 1 )−(4 ),
3 3
L2 L 2 q 0 L q0 L
F y1 −F y 1 = −
2 3 24 60
3
L2 3 q0 L
F y1 =
6 120
 3 q0 L
⇒ F y 1= (d )
20

( d ) →(a)

3 q0 L 1
+ F y 2 = q0 L
20 2

1 3 q0 L
F y 2= q0 L−
2 20

7 q0 L
⇒ F y 2=
20

( c )∧(d )→(b)

3 q0 L 2 q 0 L 2 1 2
− −M z 2 = q 0 L
20 30 6
2
2 q0 L 3 q0 L 2
1
6[
M z 2 =− q 0 L +
30
−
20 ]
−q0 L2
⇒ M z 2=
20

Therefore proven that:

3
q L

{ }{ }
❑F 20 0
❑ y1
1
❑M q 0 L2
{ F e }= ❑ z 1 = 30
❑F 7
❑ y2 q L
20 0
❑M −1
❑ z2 q 0 L2
20
A ship frame sections, having frames spacing of 0.8 m, is shown in Fig.5. Assume that the frame
brackets connected to the bottom floor and the upper deck beam are built in supports while the
tween deck provides simple support. Calculate these support reactions if the side frame is under still
water pressure and the still water line Is on the same level as the tween deck.

The bending stiffness of the frame is EI=21600 kN-m^2. Water density ρ = 1025 kg/m^2 and the
acceleration due to gravity g = 9.81 m/s^2.

Solution:

The intensity of load per unit length

q ( x )= ρgx × frame spacin g

q 0=ρg h × frame spacing

¿ 1025 ×9.81 ×6 × 0.8

¿ 48265.2 N /m

Two beam element are used to model the structure:

Element i Nodes Li EI(kNm2)

1 1,2 6 21600
 2 2,3 3 21600

The element stiffness matrices in global system are:

−1200 3600

][ ]
e1 e1 e1
[ Ḱ e 1 ]= [ K ] [ K ] [ K ] −3600 7200
[[ K
11
e1
21
12
e1
][K ]
22
= 11

[ K ] 1200 −3600
e1
21
−3600 14400

9600 14400

][ ]
e2 e2
[ Ḱ e 2 ]= [ K ] [ K ] [ Ke 2]
[[ K
22
e2
32
23
e2
][K ]
33
= 14400 28800 23
9600 14400 [ K e331 ]
14400 14400

By superposition the global structural stiffness matrix is:

[ ] −1200 3600

[
[ K 11 ] [ K 12 ] [ 0 ]
] [ ]−3600 7200
[ Ḱ ] = [ K 21 ] [ K 22 ] [ K 23 ] = 10800 10800
⌊ 0 ⌋ [ K 32 ] [ K 33 ]

3
10800 14400
9600 14400
14400 14400

q L

{ }{ }
❑F 20 0
❑ y1
1 48328.68
q 0 L2

{ }
❑M
e
{ F }= ❑ z1 30 57918.24
= =
❑F 7 101356.92
❑ y2 q L
20 0 86877.36
❑M −1
❑ z2 q L2
20 0

❑F
❑ y1

{ }{ }
3
❑M q L
20 0
❑ z1
1 48328.68
q0 L2

{ }
❑F
{ F́ }= ❑ y 2 = 30 = 57918.24
❑M 7 101356.92
❑ z2 q L
20 0 86877.36
❑F −1
❑ y3 q0 L2
❑M 20
❑ z3