1. Juncture - a particular point in time.

Example- this juncture it seems

impossible of his full recovery.

2. Kleptomania noun 
/ˌklep.təʊ ˈmeɪ.ni.ə/ /-toʊ-/ [U]
a very strong and uncontrollable wish to steal, especially without any need or
purpose, usually considered to be a type of mental illness
3. cliché noun 
/ˈkliː.ʃeɪ/ /-ˈ-/ [C or U]
a comment that is very often made and is therefore not original and not interesting
My wedding day - and I know it's a cliché - was just the happiest day of my life.

4. atrophy verb 
/ˈæt.rə.fi/ [I]

(of a part of the body) to be reduced in size and therefore strength, or, more generally, to become
weaker

After several months in a hospital bed, my leg muscles had atrophied.

In the 1980s, their political power gradually atrophied (= became weaker).

5 evangelical adjective (OPINIONS) 
/ˌiː.vænˈdʒel.ɪ.kəl/

having very strong beliefs and often trying to persuade other people to have the same beliefs

Why is it that people who've given up smoking become so evangelical and intolerant of other
smokers?

6 unitary adjective 
/ˈjuː.nɪ.tri/ /-ter.i/ UK

of a system of local government in the UK in which official power is given to one organization
which deals with all matters in a local area instead of to several organizations which each deal with
only a few matters

Wales will be divided into 21 unitary  authorities  instead of eight counties and 37 districts.

7. prod verb 
/prɒd/ /prɑːd/ (-dd-)

[I or T] to push something or someone with your finger or with a pointed object

I prodded her in the back to get her attention.

She prodded the cake with her fork to see if it was cooked.

He prodded  at the fish with his fork a few times, but he didn't eat a mouthful.
•

[T] to encourage someone to take action, especially when they are being slow or unwilling

He gets things done, but only after I've prodded him  into  doing  them.

8. janitor noun 
/ˈdʒæn.ɪ.tər/ /-t ̬ɚ/ [C]

US AND SCOTTISH FOR caretaker (BUILDING WORKER)

9. cascade verb 
/kæsˈkeɪd/ [I usually + adverb or preposition]
to fall quickly and in large amounts
Coins cascaded from/out of  the fruit machine.

10. echelon noun 
/ˈeʃ.ə.lɒn/ /-lɑːn/ [C]

a particular level or group of people within an organization such as an army or company

These salary increases will affect only the highest  echelons of local government.

the  upper echelons of society

SPECIALIZED a special arrangement of soldiers, aircraft or ships

11. garner verb 
/ˈgɑː.nər / /ˈgɑːr.nɚ/ [T] LITERARY

to collect something, usually after much work or with difficulty

Coppola garnered several Oscar awards for 'The Godfather'.

12. disposition noun 
/ˌdɪs.pəˈzɪʃ.ən/

[C usually singular] the particular type of character which a person naturally has

She  is of  a nervous/cheerful/sunny disposition.

[S + to infinitive] FORMAL a natural tendency to do something, or to have or develop something

a disposition to deceive
13. intrinsic adjective 
/ɪnˈtrɪn.zɪk/

Being an extremely important and basic characteristic of a person or thing

Works of little intrinsic value/interest

Maths is an intrinsic part of the school curriculum.

14. articulate adjective 
/ɑːˈtɪk.jʊ.lət/ /ɑːr-/

able to express thoughts and feelings easily and clearly, or showing this quality

an intelligent and highly articulate young woman

She gave a witty, entertaining and articulate speech.

15. gestalt noun 
/gəˈʃtælt/ /-ˈʃtɑːlt/ [C usually singular] SPECIALIZED

Something such as a structure or experience which, when considered as a whole, has qualities that
are more than the total of all its parts

This new biography is the first to consider fully the writer's gestalt.

16 . fiasco noun 

/fiˈæs.kəʊ/ /-koʊ/ [C] (plural fiascos or MAINLY US fiascoes) MAINLY US

something planned that goes wrong and is a complete failure, usually in an embarrassing way

The show was a fiasco - the lights wouldn't work, one actor forgot his lines and another fell off the
stage.

17. cognition noun 
/kɒgˈnɪʃ.ən/ /kɑːg-/ [U] FORMAL OR SPECIALIZED

when you think or use a conscious mental process

a book on human learning, memory and cognition

18. locus noun 
/ˈləʊ.kəs/ /ˈloʊ.kəs/ [C] (plural loci) FORMAL

the place where something happens or the central area of interest in something being discussed

The locus of decision-making is sometimes far from the government's offices.

19. envisage verb 
/ɪnˈvɪz.ɪdʒ/ [T] (US ALSO envision) SLIGHTLY FORMAL

to imagine or expect something in the future, especially something good

Train fare increases of 5% are envisaged for the next year.

[+ that ] It's envisaged that  the building will start at the end of this year.

[+ -ing verb] When do you envisage finishing  the project?

[+ question word] It's hard to envisage  how it might happen.

to form a mental picture of something or someone you have never seen

He wasn't what I'd expected - I'd envisaged someone much taller.

20. boon noun 
/buːn/ [C usually singular]

something that is very helpful and improves the quality of life

Guide dogs are a great boon to the partially sighted.

21. soldier on phrasal verb

to continue doing something although it is difficult

I admired the way she soldiered on when her business ran into trouble.

22. slipshod adjective 
/ˈslɪp.ʃɒd/ /-ʃɑːd/ DISAPPROVING

(especially of a piece of work) showing little care, effort and attention

She complained that the solicitor's work had been slipshod.

23. reciprocity noun 
/ˌres.ɪˈprɒs.ɪ.ti/ /-ˈprɑː.sə.t ̬i/ [U] FORMAL

behaviour in which two people or groups of people give each other help and advantages

24. perk noun 
/pɜːk/ /pɝːk/ [C]

INFORMAL an advantage or extra thing, such as money or goods, which you are given because of
your job

A company car and a mobile phone are some of the perks that come with the job.

•
an advantage

Having such easy access to some of the best cinema and theatre is one of the perks of living in
Sydney.

25. far-fetched adjective 
/ˌfɑːˈfetʃt/ /ˌfɑːr-/

very unlikely to be true, and difficult to believe

a far-fetched idea/story

26. scribble verb 
/ˈskrɪb.l ̩/ [I]

to write or draw something quickly or carelessly

The baby's just scribbled all over my new dictionary!

[+ two objects] I'll just scribble Dad a note/scribble a note to Dad to say we're going out.

27. morph verb 
/mɔːf/ /mɔːrf/ [I or T]

to change one image into another, or combine them, using a computer program

The video showed a man morphing  into  a tiger.

28. unequivocal adjective 
/ˌʌn.ɪˈkwɪv.ə.kəl/

total, or expressed in a clear and certain way

The Prime Minister, he said, had the party's unequivocal support.

The church has been unequivocal in its condemnation of the violence

29. arable- farmland that is suitable for crops

30. veneer- a thin layer of plastic or wood to cover the cheap material

31. totalitarian adjective 
/təʊ ˌtæl.ɪˈteə.ri.ən/ /toʊˌtæl.əˈter.i-/ DISAPPROVING
of or being a political system in which those in power have complete control and do
not allow people freely to oppose them
Greg Babe CEO of Bayer Crop says without a sense of business ethics a
company’s reputation could be destroyed overnight which he says takes years to
build as he believes that business is now based on ethical perspective. (9 th
annual business ethics award luncheon). He refers that Johnson and Johnson
launched Tylenol capsules in 1982(pain relief capsule) which had been laced to
cyanide and causes of 7 peoples death in Chicago. Afterwards J&J had to pull
off $100 million worth capsules off the shelves and the market value of J&J
goes down by $1bn.
According to Greg Babe, CEO of Bayer Corp, Pittsburgh, a company’s reputation
could be destroyed overnight, which takes years to build, as business is now more
on ethical perspective (web-2). Greg show the historic example of Tylenol capsule
Toyota recall more than 1.5 million cars for faulty break and fuel pumps
problem (BBC, 21oct-10) in sep2009 it also recall 5.4 million cars as the gas
pedal stuck to the floor mat (business ethics magazine). Toyota claiming that
they are committed to the highest levels of consumer safety. But this safety
problem is happening in 2003 when engineers discover acceleration fault in the
sienna minivans. Toyota’s aggressive growth to topple general motors left back
its consumer’s safety at risk and creates unmanageable risk. However though
most of the car companies outsourcing their cars and assembled them, Toyota
does not blame CTC, Indiana co. who outsourced this safety equipments.
Toyota spokesman Mike Michaels says “Toyota is responsible for the crisis”.
This accountability does matter for the company reputation as previously when
Audi faces this sort of problem they blamed the driver which downs Audi’s
reputation (David Cole).

The body shop—

Claims that they’ve never and will never test their product on animal and they
don’t even commission others to do it for them (i.e. supply chain). But when in
2006 L’Oreal which use animal testing takes over the Body Shop animal
welfare activist called for boycotting its product (gaurdian, 17march, 06). Still
L’Oreal uses the body shop name utilizing its animal testing welfare as
marketing. So though, it’s been said that ‘ethical reforms’ in business should be
‘total ethics’ like ‘zero defects’ concept of operation management, actually
ethics in business is some kind of coating which applied to the business practice
to make the business more presentable or marketable in the society.