CHEMICAL BONDING

Important Terms and Concepts

1. Define the following

a. Lewis Theory-

b. Ionic bond-

c. Covalent bond-

d. Electronegativity-

e. Formal Charge-

g. Resonance-

h. Valence Electrons-

i. Octet Rule-

j. VSEPR-

Lewis Theory

2. a. How many valence electrons are there in the following neutral atoms?

i. Na__ ii. Si __ iii. Cl __ iv. Ne __ v. Al__

b. If an atom has the electron configuration 1s22s22p63s23p3. How many electrons

must it gain to achieve an octet.

.
Ionic Bonding

3. Write the Lewis structure for the following:

a. iron (II) chloride b. magnesium nitride

Formal Charge

4. Three possible resonance structures of the thiocyanate ion, NCS-, are

i. [ N-C≡S ] ii. [ N=C=S ] iii. [ N≡C-S ]

a. Determine the formal charges of the atoms in each structure.

b. Which Lewis structure should be the preferred the one?

c. The cyanate ( NCO ), like the thiocyanate ion has three possible Lewis structures.
Draw these three Lewis structures and assign the formal charges to the atoms in each
structure. Which Lewis structure should be the preferred one?

Lewis Structures

5. Draw the Lewis structure for:

a. PCl3

b. HCN

Polar Covalent Bonds

6. Which of the following bonds is most polar?

a.
i. a. S-Cl b. S-Br c. Se- Br d. Se-Cl e. B-H

ii. a. P-Cl b. P-F c. B-Cl d. C- Cl e. O-Cl

b. Explain your choice.

Resonance
 7. Draw the two equivalent resonance structures for the formate ion, HCO2.

Molecular Geometry

8. In each case, predict (a) the approximate bond angle(s), (b) the hybridization around
the underlined atom. (Note: It is helpful to first sketch the Lewis stucture.)

Molecule or Ion → (1) OF2 (2) H2CO (3) NO2 (4) BF3 (5) SbF5
(a) No. of valence e - ‘s
(b) Lewis structure

(c) Approximate bond

angle(s)
(d) Hybridization

(e) Polar or non-polar Ion: Not

molecule? applicable
(f) Geometry name

9. For each of the molecules below fill in the indicated items in the chart. The central
atoms are underlined.
Molecule (1) SO2 (2) HBF2 (3) XeF4 (4) CH2Cl2 (5) NF3
(a) No. of valence e - ‘s
(b) Lewis structure

(c) Approximate bond

angle(s)
(d) Hybridization

(e) Polar or non-polar

molecule?
(f) Geometry name