Presentation

on Ultra
Mega &
Super Critical
Projects
Organized By
FICCI & MOP
May 2006
 GROWTH OF INSTALLED GENERATING CAPACITY (MW)

124287

113256
107973

79470
Hydro
63290
Nuclear
42585
Thermal *
28448
16604

2695 4653 9027

1362

Year
Dec-47 Dec-55 Mar-61 Mar-66 Mar-74 Mar-80 Mar-85 Mar-90 Mar-95 Mar-03 Sep-04 Mar-06

Hydro 508 940 1917 4124 6905 11384 14460 18308 20506 26910 29676 32326
Nuclear 0 0 0 0 640 640 1095 1565 1720 2720 2720 3360
Thermal * 854 1755 2736 4903 9059 16424 27030 43417 57244 78343 80860 88601

* - Includes Wind Capacity

Installed Capacity

Nuclear Renewables
3360 MW 6190 MW

Hydro Thermal
32325.77 MW (26%) 82410.54 MW (66%) The r ma l

(Coal 68518) Hydro

Nuc le a r
Re ne wa ble s
Plant Load Factor Of Thermal Stations

80
74.82
72.96 73.6
75 72.34
69.97
PLF % --->

68.74
70 67.47
64.56
65
60
55
1998- 1999- 2000- 2001- 2002- 2003- 2004- 2005-
99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06
PLF - Some Highlights

500 MW Group >84 %

250 MW Group >90 %
Central Sector >82%
 Growth In Unit Size/Parameters

Unit Yr of MS Pr MS /RH
Size Introduction kg/cm2 Temp (o C)
(MW)
< 30 1950 42 455

100 1970 90 535

210 1977 & 1983 130 &150 535/535

500 1984 170 538/538

660 Under Const. 247 535/566

 Capacity Addition Targets
Figs in MW

Hydro Thermal Nuclear Total

COAL OTHERS
2007-12 68504
XI Plan
18781 40220 6343 3160

2012-17 66000
XII Plan 20000 30000 10000 6000
 Drivers For Ultra Mega
Power Projects
 LARGE CAPACITY ADDITION PLANNED OVER
NEXT DECADE IN 11TH PLAN BEYOND
 PACE OF THERMAL CAPACITY ADDITION TO
INCREASE FROM ~ 5000 MW/Yr TO ~ 10,000 MW/Yr
 ADVANCED PROVEN TECHNOLOGY WITH HIGH
EFFICIENCY FOR
OPTIMAL USE OF RESOURCES – HIGHER
EFFICIENCY
ECOFRIENDLY POWER GENERATION
ECONOMY OF SCALE
OPERATIONAL FLEXIBILITY( Faster Start Up, Load
Cycling)
 Concept Of
Ultra Mega Power Project
• A FEW PRE-IDENTIFIED PROJECTS EACH WITH A
CAPACITY OF ABOUT 4000 MW ENVISAGED– ABOUT 7
NOS. AT PRESENT

– SASAN, MP PIT HEAD

– AKALTARA, CHATTISGARH
– MUNDRA, GUJARAT
– GIRYE, MAHARASTHRA COASTAL
– TADRI, KARNATAKA
– ORISSA – PITHEAD UNDER
– ANDHRA PRADESH - COASTAL CONSIDERATION

• USE OF LARGE UNIT SIZES OF 600 MW & ABOVE

SUPERCRITICAL TECHNOLOGY
• FIRST FIVE TARGETTED FOR FINALISATION BY 31ST DEC.
2006
• PIT HEAD STATIONS WOULD HAVE COAL BLOCKS
ALLOCATED WITH CAPTIVE MINING
 Road Map For Implementation Of
Ultra Mega Power Projects

• POTENTIAL SITES IDENTIFICATION AND

SELECTION BY CEA THROUGH SATELLITE
IMAGING, VISITS AND INTEGRATION WITH
STATE AND LOCAL AGENCIES.

• SEPARATE SPV FOR EACH PROJECT FOR

PROJECT DEVELOPMENT.

• PFC IDENTIFIED AS NODAL AGENCY FOR

SETTING UP OF SHELL COMPANIES.

-------- CONTD.
• SHELL COMPANIES TO TAKE FOLLOWING
ACTION
- PREPARATION OF PROJECT REPORT
- INITIAL LAND ACQUISITION
- COAL LINKAGES/COAL BLOCKS ALLOCATIONS FOR
PIT HEAD PROJECTS
- ALLOCATION OF WATER
• SHELL COMPANIES TO APPOINT
CONSULTANTS FOR ICB BID DOCUMENT
PREPARATION & EVALUATION.
• SELECTION OF DEVELOPER THROUGH TARIFF
BASED ICB.
• SHELL COMPANIES THEN TO BE TRANSFERRED
TO THE SUCCESSFUL BIDDER FOR PROJECT
EXECUTION.
 Formation Of Shell Companies
FIVE SPV (SHELL COMPANIES) FORMED ARE :
1. SASAN POWER LIMITED (M.P.)
2. COASTAL GUJARAT POWER LIMITED (MUNDRA PORT)
3. COASTAL MAHARASHTRA MEGA POWER LIMITED.
4. COASTAL KARNATAKA POWER LIMITED.
5. AKALTARA POWER LIMITED (CHATTISGARH)

• STATE GOVTS. HAVE BEEN REQUESTED BY MOP TO

PROVIDE NECESSARY SUPPORT.
• MINISTRY OF COAL HAS AGREED IN-PRINCIPLE TO
ALLOCATE COAL BLOCKS, FOR PITHEAD STATIONS.
• ADDITIONAL PIT HEAD SITE IN ORISSA AND COASTAL IN
ANDHRA PRADESH BEING EXPLORED.
 Current Status Of Ultra Mega
Projects.
• FIVE SHELL COMPANIES FORMED.
• EOI ISSUED FOR SADAV, MUNDRA, GIRYE
& TADRI.
• TECHNICAL CONSULTANTS APPOINTED
BY SHELL COS. FOR PREPARATION OF
PROJECT REPORTS.
• CONSULTANT APPOINTED FOR BID
DOCUMENTS AND BIDDING PROCESS.
• POWER ALLOCATION/POWER PURCHASE
AGREEMENTS ARE BEING FINALISED.
 Use Of
Super Critical Technology
• Supercritical Technology is widely established and
accepted with more than 500 units in operation.
• Widely prevalent cycle parameters:
– Pressure: 246 -250 kg/cm2
– Temperature: 538/538 deg C
» 538/566 deg C (Sipat & Barh TPS)
» 566/593 deg C (Mainly in Japan &
Germany)
» 593/593 or 600/600 deg C
• Preferred steam parameters include higher steam
temp. of 566 to 593 deg C depending upon site specific
techno-economics. BHEL collaboration includes these
parameters.

Contd.
 •Besides Ultra Mega Power Projects Supercritical
Units envisaged for following projects:-

1. Lara TPS,NTPC 3x800 MW Chattisgarh

2. Ib Valley – Daripalli, 2x800 MW Orissa
NTPC
3. Barh TPS, NTPC 2x800 MW Bihar
4. Krishnapattanam 2x800 MW AP
5. More Future projects
 Expected Efficiency Range
Parameters Parameters
247/535/566@ 247/566/592
Tur. Blr Gross Gross Tur. Blr Gross Gross
HR Eff HR Eff HR Eff HR Eff
Case-I Turbine 88% 2164 39.75 88% 2135 40.28
Heat Rate =1904 % %
as Quoted for 660 1904 86% 2214 38.84 1879 86% 2180 39.45
MW & parameters % %
at @
Case-II Turbine 88% 2147 40.06 88% 2108 40.79
Heat Rate =1880 % %
as per BHEL for 1880 86% 2197 39.15 1855 86% 2157 39.87
660 MW & % %
parameters at @
•Efficiency figures are on HHV basis and 100% load conditions
•86% boiler efficiency is assumed for Indian coal and 88% for
Imported coal
List Of Foreign Suppliers For Supercritical
Units
BOILER STEAM TURBINE
1.Alstom, France. 1.Alstom, France.
2.MHI, Japan. 2.MHI, Japan.
3.IHI, Japan. 3.Siemens, Germany.
4.Hitachi-Babcock, Japan. 4.Ansaldo, Italy.
5.Ansaldo, Italy. 5.Hitachi, Japan.
6.TKZ, Russia. 6.Toshiba, Japan.
7.Doosan, S. Korea. 7.GE, USA.
8.Foster Wheeler, US. 8.Doosan, S. Korea.
9.Babcock & Wilcox, US. 9.Chinese (SEC, Dengfong,
10.Chinese (SEC, Dengfong, Harbin).
Harbin). 10.Russian (Power Machines)
 Option of using Washed Coal
• Indigenous coal generally have high ash content, wide
variation in calorific value, presence of extranous matter
and is unsized.
• Considering large unit size, it is desirable to have good and
consistent coal quality, free of extraneous matter with a
view to
– Narrow down coal design range
– Less wear and tear of coal handling and coal pulverizers
– Reduced teething problems in initial stage of technology
introduction
– Comfort in plant operation
 CONCLUSION
• A MAJOR SHARE OF CAPACITY ADDITION EXPECTED
THROUGH LARGE SUPERCRITICAL UNITS IN ULTRA
MEGA PROJECTS AND OTHER 800 MW SIZE UNITS BY
NTPC, APGENCO & OTHER UTILITIES.

• HIGHER STEAM PARAMETERS IN SUPERCRITICAL UNITS

PREFERRED FOR BETTER EFFICIENCY.

• FOR OVERALL ECONOMICS, PITHEAD STATIONS CAN BE

INTEGRATED WITH COAL WASHING AND CFBC UNIT TO
USE WASHERY REJECTS.

• DESIRABLE TO HAVE TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER WITH

INDIGENOUS MANUFACTURING CAPACITY BUILDING TO
MEET THE PROJECTED CAPACITY ADDITION TARGETS
WITH ADEQUATE COMPETITION.