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  • Lecture 13 Sexual Selection

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    Κατερίνα Μέτσιου
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    Sexual selection occurs through two main mechanisms: intrasexual selection, where members of one sex compete for access to the other sex; and intersexual selection, where the preference of the choosing sex results in certain traits being selected for in the other sex. Sexual selection leads to the evolution of traits that provide competitive advantages over members of the same sex or increase attractiveness to members of the opposite sex. Examples discussed include coloration differences, courtship behaviors, physical weaponry, and physical ornaments that have evolved through these sexual selection mechanisms.

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    Sexual selection occurs through two main mechanisms: intrasexual selection, where members of one sex compete for access to the other sex; and intersexual selection, where the preference of the choosing sex results in certain traits being selected for in the other sex. Sexual selection leads to the evolution of traits that provide competitive advantages over members of the same sex or increase attractiveness to members of the opposite sex. Examples discussed include coloration differences, courtship behaviors, physical weaponry, and physical ornaments that have evolved through these sexual selection mechanisms.

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    29 views34 pages

    Lecture 13 Sexual Selection

    Uploaded by

    Κατερίνα Μέτσιου
    Sexual selection occurs through two main mechanisms: intrasexual selection, where members of one sex compete for access to the other sex; and intersexual selection, where the preference of the choosing sex results in certain traits being selected for in the other sex. Sexual selection leads to the evolution of traits that provide competitive advantages over members of the same sex or increase attractiveness to members of the opposite sex. Examples discussed include coloration differences, courtship behaviors, physical weaponry, and physical ornaments that have evolved through these sexual selection mechanisms.

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    of 34

    !

    "#$%&'#$()
    Sexual Selection
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    (parental investment)
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    686&6/6(C()
    ($8%4-

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    F/4*C8%- (Taricha granulosa)
    Jones et al.(2002) Proc. Roy. Soc.

    1"E%:;%'- 6&,($8$'

    6/1%8'+7

    D5#"+7
    Pipefish (Syngnathus typhle)
    Jones et al (2000) Proc. Roy. Soc.
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    0"#$%&'#$()-

    •  B8*6(C8'1*'+7 6/1%8'+7
    –  @8.$0"#%*'+) %&'#$() (intrasexual)
    –  I'60"#%*'+) %&'#$() (intersexual)

    •  @&'#%+*'+7 D5#"+7
    B8*6(C8'1µ,- 6/1%8'+38
    Marine iguanas
    Amblyrhynchus cristatus

    Copulate average length


    Successful 243
    (25)
    Tried but… 227
    (147)
    Wikelski and Trillmich (1997) Evolution
    B8*6(C8'1µ,- 6/1%8'+38

    59 and 65 favorite
    sunning spots for females
    B8*6(C8'1µ,- *$" 1&=/µ6*$-
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    J=(%D$- group

    Hosken (1998) Behav. Ecol. Sociob


    B8*6(C8'1µ,- *$" 1&=/µ6*$-

    Pitnick et al. 2006


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    L7D% ~2 >/,8'6 686#6µ978$"8 8=6 6/1%8'+7.


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    10% *5- 1"8$#'+)- D851'µ,*5*6- *$8 2$ >/,8$
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    M%#'.,8'6
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    M%'/'1µ$4
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    (ii) %&'+,##515 (control I)
    (iii) >C/4- >%'/'1µ, (control II)
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    +$8*) Control I Control II µ6+/'7

    N%"(7/Cµ6 %+*,- 6/1%8'+7 0 0 0 0.040

    «(7µ$"» D5#"+7 0.036 0.014 0.017 0

    Moller (1988) Nature


    <+/4E$' .%8./$97*/6>$'

    Long Short
    No. of females choosing 30 10

    Hyla versicolor
    Pipefish
    Sygnathous typhle
    Nerophis ophidion

    Rosenqvist and Johansson (1995) Animal Behav.


    <'6*4 *6 D5#"+7 %486' %&'#%+*'+7;

    •  Oµ%16 +=/.5
    –  P'(,*%/6 &6/71'*6
    –  26/$>=-
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    –  «+6#7» ($84.'6
    –  Sexy ('$'
    –  runaway selection
    •  Sensory bias
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    Honest Signals
    26/6&#685*'+7 1)µ6*6
    Deceptive signals

    Uca annulipes
    26/$>=-

    Bittacus apicalis

    Thornhill (1976) Am. Nat.


    Good Genes
    High food Low food

    Larval ns LC
    growth better
    Time to LC ns
    meta. better
    Mass at ns LC
    meta. better
    Larval LC ns
    survival better

    Welch et al. (1998) Science


    Sexy Sons / Runaway Selection
    •  @µ0684E%*6' 5 «&/$*4µ515» *$" D5#"+$: ('6 =86
    >6/6+*5/'1*'+, *$" 6/1%8'+$:
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    E%"(6/38$"8 &%/'11,*%/$
    •  2%/878% *6 ($84.'7 *$"- ('6 *$ >6/6+*5/'1*'+, 1%
    ('$"- +6' +,/%-
    •  R' ('$4 %486' sexy %&%'.) =>$"8 *$ >6/6+*5/'1*'+,
    •  R' +,/%- %486' %&'#%+*'+=-
    Sexy sons
    Sexy Sons / Runaway Selection

    Stalk-eyed flies
    Cyrtodiopsis whitei
    <%8%*'+=- 1"1>%*41%'-
    2@ASBJB:
    • Control: 10 6/1%8'+7 +6' 25
    D5#"+7, *">64$ .%4(µ6
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    µ6+/:*%/6 1*%#=>5 µ6*'38 +6'
    25 D5#"+7 *">64$ .%4(µ6.
    • L$8*7: 10 6/1%8'+7 µ% *6
    +$8*:*%/6 1*%#=>5 µ6*'38 +6'
    25 D5#"+7, *">64$ .%4(µ6.
    • 13 generations Wilkinson and Reillo (1994)
    Proc. Roy. Soc.
    Sensory Bias
    Priapella

    Platyfish

    Swordfish

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