Schematic Diagram

Predisposing Factors: Elderly people (85 years or older) -Fall- Trauma - osteoporosis-
Comorbidity -functional disability- Malnutrition - impaired vision and balance-neurologic problems-
Obesity-slower reflexes
Precipitating Factors:-fall, motorvehicular accidents, impaired vision and balance

Damage to the blood supply to an entire bone.

Severe circulatory compromise
Avascular (ischemic) necrosis may result

Clinical Manifestations:-(BOX)
Pain (right up)- Loss of function- Deformity- Crepitus- Swelling and discoloration- Paresthesia-
Tenderness

Nursing Management:
- Repositioning the patient- Promoting strengthening exercise- Monitoring and managing
complications- Health promotion- Relieving pain- Promoting physical mobility- Promoting positive
psychological response to trauma

Medical Management:
- Temporary skin traction- Buck’s extension- Open or closed reduction of the fracture and internal
fixation- Replacement of the femoral head with prosthesis (hemiarthrmoplasty)- Closed reduction
with pereutaneous stabilization for an intracapsular fracture.

Surgical Intervention:
- Hip Pinning- Hip Hemiarthroplasty- Patients with hip osteonecrosis may require Hip
Replacement Surgery

Femoral neck fractures occur most commonly after falls. Factors that increase the risk of injuries
are related to conditions that increase the probability of falls and those that decrease the intrinsic
ability of the person to with stand the trauma. Physical deconditioning, malnutrition, impaired
vision and balance, neurologic problems, and shower reflexes all increase the risk of falls.
Osteoporosis is the most important risk factor that contributes to hip fractures. This condition
decreases bone strength and, therefore, the bones ability to resist trauma.