Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

IN MASLOW'S VIEW, EACH PERSON POSSESSES
AN INNATE TENDENCY TO BECOME SELF-
ACTUALIZING. THIS HIGHEST LEVEL OF HUMAN
EXISTENCE INVOLVES THE SUPREME
DEVELOPMENT AND USE OF ALL OUR QUALITIES
AND CAPACITIES, AND THE REALIZATION OF ALL
OUR POTENTIAL. TO BECOME SELF-ACTUALIZING,
IT IS NECESSARY TO SATISFY THE NEEDS THAT
STAND LOWER IN THE HIERARCHY OF NEEDS.
THESE NEEDS ARE INNATE, AND EACH MUST BE
SATISFIED IN TURN BEFORE THE NEXT NEED IN
THE HIERARCHY EMERGES TO MOTIVATE US. THE
NEEDS IN THE HIERARCHY, IN THE ORDER IN
WHICH THEY MUST BE SATISFIED, ARE AS
FOLLOWS.
 Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

1. PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS - FOOD, WATER, AIR, SLEEP, AND SEX.

2. SAFETY NEEDS - SECURITY, STABILITY, PROTECTION, STRUCTURE,
ORDER - FREEDOM FROM FEAR AND ANXIETY.

3. BELONGINGNESS AND LOVE - AFFECTIONATE RELATIONS WITH OTHER

PEOPLE IN GENERAL OR THROUGH A FRIEND, LOVER, MATE, OR FINDING
A PLACE OR POSITION IN A GROUP OR SOCIETY AT LARGE.

4. SELF ESTEEM - NEED FOR SELF WORTH COMES FROM OTHER PEOPLE
IN THE FORM OF RECOGNITION, FAME, AND STATUS. TWO KINDS OF
ESTEEM NEEDS: SELF ESTEEM (SELF WORTH) AND SELF CONCEPT
ESTEEM, GRANTED BY OTHERS (HOW OTHERS SEE US).

5. SELF-ACTUALIZATION - PERSON STRIVING TO BECOME AND BE

WHATEVER THEY HAVE THE POTENTIAL TO BE. SOME COMMON
CHARACTERISTICS OF SELF-ACTUALIZATION INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING
(see next slide)::
 Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
MORE ACCURATE IN THEIR PERCEPTIONS OF REALITY.
ACCEPTING OF THEMSELVES, OTHERS, AND NATURE.

SPONTANEOUS, SIMPLE, AND NATURAL IN EXPRESSING THEMSELVES.

ATTENTION CENTERED ON PROBLEMS OUTSIDE THEMSELVES. THEY

SEE THEIR OWN MISSION IN LIFE AND ACTIVELY PURSUE IT.

GREATER LIKING FOR SOLITUDE AND PRIVACY THAN THE AVERAGE

PERSON. EASY TO BE ALOOF AND RESERVED, CALM AND SERENE.

AUTONOMOUS, SELF-CONTAINED, INDEPENDENT OF THEIR CULTURE AND

ENVIRONMENT, AND STABLE IN THE FACE OF FRUSTRATION.

APPRECIATE BASIC EXPERIENCES OF LIFE OVER AND OVER AGAIN.

THRILL FROM SIMPLE THINGS IN LIFE.
 Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
COMMONLY HAVE MYSTICAL EXPERIENCES OR PEAK EXPERIENCES.

DEEP FEELINGS OF IDENTIFICATION, SYMPATHY, AND AFFECTION FOR

HUMAN BEINGS IN SPITE OF OCCASIONAL DISGUST OR IRRITATION THEY
MAY FEEL FOR THE STUPIDITIES OF THE HUMAN RACE.

RELATIONSHIPS ARE DEEPER AND MORE PROFOUND THAN THE

AVERAGE PERSON. CIRCLE OF FRIENDS TENDS TO BE SMALL.

DEAL WITH OTHERS ON AN EQUAL BASIS.

DISTINGUISH BETWEEN RIGHT AND WRONG, AND HAVE A SENSE OF

MORALITY BUT THOSE STANDARDS MAY VARY FROM CONVENTIONAL ONES.

UNHOSTILE SENSE OF HUMOR.

 Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

CREATIVENESS.

THEY ARE HIGHLY RESISTANT TO CONFORMITY.

THEY EXPERIENCE ANXIETY AND GUILT AT TIMES.

MASLOW'S RESEARCH FOCUSED ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF PERSONS

WHO HAVE SATISFIED THE NEED FOR SELF-ACTUALIZATION, AND WHO ARE
CONSIDERED TO BE PSYCHOLOGICALLY HEALTHY. HE REFERRED TO THEM
AS THE "GROWING TIP" OF HUMANITY, AND HE BELIEVED THEY INCLUDE
FEWER THAN 1 PERCENT OF THE POPULATION.
 Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

MASLOW SAYS WE WILL FLIP-FLOP IN THIS TRIANGLE. THE ORDER OF

NEEDS IN THE HIERARCHY VARIES FROM ONE INDIVIDUAL TO
ANOTHER BECAUSE OF:

1. INDIVIDUAL CIRCUMSTANCES

2. EARLY LIFE EXPERIENCES

3. SATISFACTION OF MOTIVES
 Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

ACCORDING TO MASLOW, WE TEND TO BECOME MORE AWARE OF

OUR GROWTH TENDENCIES:

1. AS WE MATURE IN AGE

2. IN FAVORABLE CIRCUMSTANCES

3. AS WE SATISFY OUR BASIC NEEDS

ACCORDING TO MASLOW, OUR RESISTANCE TO GROWTH OR SELF-

ACTUALIZATION IS MOSTLY LEARNED.