SCS 3004

Structured Cabling System

Dr. Ajantha Atukorale

UCSC
Thanks to: Dexter de Lima
Network Systems Engineer
Enterprise Technology (Pvt) Ltd.
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Cabling Systems

• Proprietary Cabling System:

Ö Has specific design parameters and is dependent on
network technology and/or vendor equipment which
requires specific connectors and cable

• Structured Cabling System:

Ö Has universal cabling design which will support all LAN
protocols and traditional telephony

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Structured Cabling System
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Telephone System Cable Plant

Exchange

Drop Wire
Primary Cable Secondary Cable
Telephone
X To other
To other To other Telephones
Trunk Lines CCCs DPs
to other Distribution Point
Exchanges (DP)

Main Distribution
Frame (MDF)
Cross Connection
Cabinet (CCC)

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SCS - Ethernet Application
Ethernet Switch

PC Fly Cord

Patch cord
Patch Panel

Horizontal Cable

Network Closet

Information Outlet

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SCS – Voice Application

PBX

Network Closet

Information Outlet

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SCS – RS-232 Application

Serial (RS-232) to UTP Adaptor

Mini Computer
Terminal

Horizontal Cable

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Benefits of a Structured Cabling

• Structured Cabling makes it easy to add, move, change and

re-site individual employees or complete department's
communications equipment.
• Support data and traditional voice; no need for multiple
cabling systems in a building
• No downtime when reconnecting equipment
• Multiple conventional cable plants are expensive to maintain
and upgrade compared to a Structured Cabling System
• Independent of protocols and networking technologies
• Covers current & future requirements
• Allows total flexibility

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Structured Cable System Design
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Design Concept HORIZONTAL CABLING
Horizontal Cabling is the sub-section of
the cabling system from the workstation
outlet to the FD/IDF.

BACKBONE
Backbone cabling provides the main feeder cable in
a system. It can be either 'vertical style' in which it
runs vertically between floors in a building,
connecting FD/IDF's to the BD, or 'campus style' in
which it connects several BD's in separate buildings
in one centralized location.

FLOOR DISTRIBUTOR (FD) OR

INTERMEDIATE DISTRIBUTION FRAME
(IDF)
The FD/IDF accommodates all of the cross connect
facilities to interconnect work stations to active LAN
equipment (also located in the FD/IDF enclosure),
and backbone cabling to centralized processing
equipment installed elsewhere.

BUILDING DISTRIBUTOR (BD) OR MAIN

DISTRIBUTION FRAME (MDF)
The BD, provides a means of centralized processing
and switching systems to the vertical backbone cabling.

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Building Cable System
UTP
UTP
HORIZONTAL CABLING
Horizontal Cabling begins where the user plugs a terminal in and ends at
a centrally located point called a Floor Distributor (FD) or Intermediate
Fiber
Distribution Frame (IDF). Distribution Frames should be located so that
horizontal UTP cable length is limited to 90 meter or less to provide
compatibility with high-speed LAN operation. When horizontal cabling is
properly designed, each office interface is accessible from an appropriate
distribution frame. The cable run should be free of bridges, taps and
splices.
BUILDING DISTRIBUTOR (BD) OR
MAIN DISTRIBUTION FRAME (MDF)
The BD/MDF provides a means of cross-connecting horizontal
channels to equipment ports or trunk channels. The ports of each
piece of system equipment need to be converted to the cross
connect products mounted in the distribution frame. System
Connections, Voice and LAN can be incorporated into the BD/MDF.
FLOOR DISTRIBUTOR OR INTERMEDIATE
DISTRIBUTION FRAME
Each distribution frame should be located so that the
horizontal cabling length for UTP is limited to 90 meter
to ensure compatibility with high-speed LAN operation.
Sufficient cable management is critical for long term
maintainability.
BACKBONE
Backbone cabling is the main trunk cable from which all
connections are made. Backbone cabling can be either
“campus style,” in which it connects several buildings, or
it can be run vertically between floors to connect several
FD/IDF or the BD/MDF. Molex Premise Networks
recommends the use of Optical Fiber cable, although
twisted pair, or a combination of both, is acceptable.
Applications include baseband LAN, broadband LAN
and multiplexed channels.
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Elements of Structured Cabling
System
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UTP Cables

UTP UTP STP

CAT 3 CAT 6 CAT 5
CAT 5 CAT 6e CAT 5e
CAT 5e CAT 7 CAT 6/7

WHY PEOPLE NEED STRUCTURED CABLING

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UTP Patch Panel

Eight module
harmonicas snap in for
easy servicing

Available in
configurations
from 24 to 96 port

Large labeling
areas for panel
identification
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UTP Wall Outlet

Available in configurations
from 1 to 6 port UK, US, Europe, Flash
and Surface mount Type wall outlets

WHY PEOPLE NEED STRUCTURED CABLING

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UTP Patch Cord & Adaptors

Available in configurations
from 0.5m to 6m and long reach Adaptors for all type
once from 6m to 15 m of applications

WHY PEOPLE NEED STRUCTURED CABLING

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Cable Management Panel

Ring runs & Covers Strain relief panels Cable organizer panels and rings

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Tools

Crimping tool - Punch Down Tool Cable & Wire Stripper

With Ratchet

Crimping tool - Round Wire & Cable Tester

Without Ratchet Cable Cutter

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Structured Cabling System
Standards & Terminology
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Standard Organizations

• IEEE – Institution of Electrical and Electronic Engineers

• ISO – International Standards Organization

• ANSI/EIA/TIA – American National Standards Institute /

Electrical Industries Association/Telecommunication
Industries Association
Ö Consortium of manufacturers, vendors, users and other
interested parties responsible for the family of standards
associated with design, installation and use of structured Cabling
Systems.

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IEEE Standards
Data Rate Media Distance

10 Base-2 10 Mbps Copper Coaxial 200 m

10 Base-5 10 Mbps Copper Coaxial 500 m

10 Base-T 10 Mbps Copper UTP 100 m

100 Base-TX 100 Mbps Copper UTP 100 m

100 Base-FX 100 Mbps 62.5/50 µm MM Fiber 2 km

9/10 µm SM Fiber 10 km
1000 Base-TX 1000 Mbps Copper UTP 100 m

1000 Base-SX 1000 Mbps 62.5 µm MM Fiber 220 m

50 µm MM Fiber 550 m
1000 Base-LX 1000 Mbps 50 µm MM Fiber 550 m
9/10 µm SM Fiber 5 km
1000 Base-LH 1000 Mbps 62.5/50 µm MM Fiber 550 m
9/10 µm SM Fiber 10 km
1000 Base-ZX 1000 Mbps 9/10 µm SM Fiber 70 km
Dispersion Shifted Fiber 100 km

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ISO/IEC 11801

• International Standards Organization

Ö ISO/IEC 11801 : IT- Cabling for customer premise
Ö ISO/IEC 14763-1 : Administration, documentation, records
Ö ISO/IEC 14763-2 : Planning and Installation practices
Ö ISO/IEC 14763-3 : Testing of optical fiber cabling
Ö IEC 61935-1 : Testing of copper cabling

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ANSI/TIA/EIA

• American National Standards Institute / Telecommunications Industry Association / Electronic

Industries Association
Ö ANSI/TIA/EIA 568-B Series
Š ANSI/TIA/EIA 568-B.1 Commercial Building Telecommunications Cabling Standard
Š ANSI/TIA/EIA 568-B.2 100 Ohm Twisted Pair Cabling Standard
Š ANSI/TIA/EIA 568-B.3 Optical Fiber Standards
Š Also incorporates & refines
– TIA/EIA TSB67 - - Performance Specification for field testing UTP.
– TIA/EIA TSB72 - Centralized Optical Fiber Cabling Guidelines
– TIA/EIA TSB75 Open Office Guidelines
– ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-A-1 - Delay & Delay Skew
– ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-A-2 - Misc. changes
– ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-A-3 - Hybrid and Bundled Cables
– ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-A-4 - Patch Cords
– ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-A-5 - Category 5e
– TIA/EIA/IS-729 – Technical Specifications for 100 Ohm Screened Twisted-Pair
Cabling
Ö ANSI/TIA/EIA 569-A - Commercial Building Standard for Telecommunication Pathways and
Spaces.
Ö ANSI/ TIA/EIA 570-A - Residential and Light Commercial Telecommunication Wiring
Standard.
Ö ANSI/TIA/EIA 606 - 1993 Administration of Telecommunication Infrastructure of
Commercial Buildings.
Ö ANSI/TIA/EIA 607 - 1994 Grounding and Bonding.
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Recommended Lengths

• A+C= 10m (combined)

• B = 90m (Permanent Link)
• D = 100m (Channel Link)

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UTP Color Coding

• To distinguish between pairs, they are colored

each pair has designated Tip and Ring
conductors. Pair 1 can therefore be designated
T1 and R1. Both UTP & STP conform to this
standard
Ö T1 - White Blue/Blue White - R1
Ö T2 - White Orange/Orange White - R2
Ö T3 - White Green/Green White - R3
Ö T4 - White Brown/Brown White - R4

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Wiring Sequences

• 568A
Ö International ISDN standard
Ö Pairs 2 & 3 are transposed
from 568B.
Ö Pairs 1 & 2 USOC compatible
• 568B
Ö Most widely specified
sequence. Also Known as
258A
Ö Same as 568A but pairs 2 & 3
are transposed

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
T3 R3 T2 R1 T1 R2 T4 R4 T2 R2 T3 R1 T1 R3 T4 R4

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Wiring Sequences
These are the pin-out diagrams
for straight through and
crossover UTP Ethernet cables.
The TX (transmitter) pins are
connected to corresponding RX
(receiver) pins, with plus to
plus and minus to minus. A
coss-over cable must be used
to connect units with identical
interfaces.
When straight-through cables
are used to connect Ethernet
devices, one of the two units
must, in effect, perform the
cross-over function.

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Wiring Sequences (100 Base TX Duplex)
Note:
Note Only pairs 2 and 3 are used for
Standard Ethernet wiring. Pairs 1 and
4 can be used for other purposes
such as telephones or even a second
separate, complete Ethernet
connection.

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Unshielded Twisted Pair
Installation Practices
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Types of Pathways

• Conduit
Ö Used in environments where required by code or maximum protection of
the cable is desired or required. Typically constructed of one of the
following:
Š Rigid metal conduit
Š Rigid PVC
Š Flexible
• Under Floor
Ö Under floor duct is either sealed in slab floor or in fill placed on top of
slab (This added thickness to floor).
Ö Cellular floor requires distribution cells located on lower level of system.
Provides service to workstations. Separated by power and
communication.
Ö Raised floor consists of steel footings holding pedestals which support
the raised floor.
• Suspended Ceiling
Ö Most common and cost effective pathway for running cable.

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Cable Tray

• Start Laying cables to the side of the tray.

• Separate fiber from copper
• Tie Fiber to underside
• of tray if practical

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Installing in Conduit

• Conduit comes in several types and sizes including rigid metal, PVC
and fiberglass conduit, or flexible PVC conduit.

• Using flexible conduit of extended length because it has potential for

abrasion damage to cable jacketing. Can be used for short lengths.

• Use conduit in environments where the cable needs protection from

incidental damage, visual exposure is a consideration, access by
unauthorized individuals is possible or building/safety codes require
it.

• Maximum continuous straight length, (without access), should not

exceed 30 meter.

• No more than two 90°, 180 ° total bends between each pull box. (A
third bend is allowed if the run is less than 10 meter

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Bend Radii of Cables

• 4 Pair twisted pair cable

Ö minimum bend radius is 4 times the diameter of the cable
• Multi-pair twisted pair cable
Ö minimum bend radius is 10 times the diameter of the cable
• Optical Fiber cable
Ö minimum bend radius is 10 times the diameter of the cable
• Consult with cable manufacturers & comply with their specifications

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Under floor

• Under floor duct is either sealed in slab floor or in fill

placed on top of slab (This added thickness to floor).
• Cellular floor requires distribution cells located on
lower level of system. Provides service to
workstations. Separated by power and
communication.
• Raised floor consists of steel footings holding
pedestals which support the raised floor.

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Suspended Ceiling

• Most common and cost effective pathway for

running cable.
• Cable must be supported on 1.2 to 1.5 m
(4 to 5 feet) centers.
• DO NOT USE CEILING SUPPORT SYSTEM.
• Max 24 -32 cables per catenary strand.
• Quantities of forty eight (48) or more, four pair
cables need to be supported in heavier cable trays.

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