SURFACE AREA AND VOLUME

VOCABULARY & FORMULAS

PRISM DEFINITION:

A THREE-DIMENSIONAL SOLID THAT HAS TWO CONGRUENT AND PARALLEL FACES THAT ARE
POLYGONS. THE REMAINING FACES ARE RECTANGLES. PRISMS ARE NAMED BY THEIR FACES.
RECTANGULAR PRISM DEFINITION:

A THREE-DIMENSIONAL SOLID THAT HAS TWO CONGRUENT AND PARALLEL FACES THAT ARE RECTANGLES. THE REMAINING FACES ARE RECTANGLES.
CUBE DEFINITION:

A RECTANGULAR PRISM IN WHICH ALL FACES ARE CONGRUENT

SQUARES.
SURFACE AREA DEFINITION:

SURFACE AREA IS THE MEASURE OF HOW MUCH EXPOSED AREA A

SOLID OBJECT HAS, EXPRESSED IN SQUARE UNITS. MATHEMATICAL
DESCRIPTION OF THE SURFACE AREA IS CONSIDERABLY MORE
INVOLVED THAN THE DEFINITION OF ARC LENGTH OF A CURVE
VOLUME DEFINITION:

THE VOLUME OF AN OBJECT HAS THE FUNDAMENTAL PROPERTIES

LISTED BELOW:
*EVERY POLYHEDRAL REGION HAS AN UNIQUE VOLUME, DEPENDENT
ONLY ON YOUR UNIT CUBE.
* TOTAL VOLUME IS THE SUM OF ALL NO OVERLAPPING REGIONS.
FORMULAE OF VOLUME
AND SURFACE AREA OF
SPHERE
:EXPLAINING THE
DERIVATIONS
VOLUME OF
SPHERE
IMAGINE THAT YOU COVER THE SPHERE
WITH TINY TRIANGLES, AND JOIN THE TRIANGLE'S
EDGE TO THE CENTRE OF THE SPHERE AND THUS
CUT THE SPHERE INTO MILLIONS OF NARROW
PYRAMIDS. THE TOTAL VOLUME OF THE PYRAMIDS
IS 1/3 TIMES THE RADIUS OF THE SPHERE TIMES
THE SUM OF THE AREAS OF THE TINY TRIANGLES.
IN OTHER WORDS, THE VOLUME OF THE SPHERE IS
1/3 TIMES R TIMES THE SURFACE AREA OF THE
SPHERE!

V = (1/3)R * 4*PI*R^2
V= (4/3)PI*R^3
SURFACE AREA OF
SPHERE
Take a sphere of radius R, and
imagine constructing a cylindrical box with radius R and height
2R.
You can see that the sphere will fit snugly inside this box.

Archimedes, the Greek mathematician, proved a surprising

fact: the
surface area of the sphere is exactly the same as the lateral
surface
area of the cylinder (that is, the surface area not including the
two
circular ends). You can calculate the lateral surface area of
the
cylinder and you will see that it is 4*pi*R^2.
 FORMULE OF
VOLUME AND SURFACE
AREA OF SOLIDS
=> CUBE
 TOTAL SURFACE AREA = 6a2

 LATERAL SURFACE AREA = 4a2

 VOLUME = a3

{Where “a” is the side of the cube}

=> CUBOID
 TOTAL SURFACE AREA = 2(lb+bh+hl)

 LATERAL SURFACE AREA = 2h(l+b)

 VOLUME = (l)(b)(h)

{Where l , b and h are length ,

breadth and height respectively }
=> RIGHT CIRCULAR CONE
 TOTAL SURFACE AREA = pi*r*l + pi*r 2 = pi*r*(l+r)

 LATERAL SURFACE AREA = pi*r*l

 VOLUME = pi*r2*h

{Where l is length , r is radius of the

base and h is height}
=> CYLINDER
 TOTAL SURFACE AREA = 2*pi*r*(r+h)

 LATERAL SURFACE AREA = 2*pi*r*h

 VOLUME = pi*r2h

{Where l is length , r is radius of the

base and h is height }
=> SPHERE
 SURFACE AREA = 4*pi*r 2

 VOLUME = 4/3*pi*r 3

{Where r is the radius of sphere}

THE END