V An ecosystem can be defined as

'a structural and functional unit of biosphere or

segment of nature consisting of community of
living beings and the physical environment,
both interacting and exchanging materials
between them'.
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—he function of an ecosystem is a broad, vast and often confused topic. —he
function of an ecosystem can be best studied by understanding the
history of ecological studies. —he function of an ecosystem can be studied
under the three heads.
þ —rophic Level Interaction
þ Ecological Succession
þ Biogeochemistry

—rophic Level Interaction deals with how the members of an ecosystem are
connected based on nutritional needs. Ecological Succession deals with
the changes in features/members of an ecosystem over a period of time.
Biogeochemistry is focused upon the cycling of essential materials in an
ecosystem.

—rophic Level Interaction was developed by zoologist Charles Elton. It deals

with who eats who and is eaten by whom in an ecosystem. —he study of
trophic level interaction in an ecosystem gives us an idea about the
energy flow through the ecosystem.