As per article 356, this rule comes into effect and the president on the advise of the

governor or on his own attains the right to dissolve the state government and its council
of ministers, thereby imposing president rule.The parliament must approve the president
rule to come into effect. After the implementation of president rule, the governor heads
the state and takes all the power. When President's rule is imposed, the assembly is either
dissolved or kept in suspended.

When does presidential rule come into effect?

President rule generally gets into effect when political unrest takes the lead role in a
democratic setup. This rule also gets implemented when the government of the state fails
to meet the required majority in the office. If two thirds majority is not held then there is
a chance of president rule. When the entire constitutionality breaks down then there is
president rule after the agreement in parliament.

Recent president's rule:

There are many a cases when president rule was imposed.

25 June 1975 – 21 March 1977 a 21-month period is marked with strong letters in the
history of India. President Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed, the then president of India declared a
state of emergency under Article 352 of the Constitution of India and suspended
elections. This move was considered as one of the most controversial era in the history of
independent India.
In Uttar Pradesh, after the February 2002 election, no party had a sufficient majority and
President's rule was imposed.
After the Mayawati government fell in August 2003, Mulayam Singh Yadav became
chief minister after claiming he had the majority. But this scenario ended up in president
rule as Mulayam was not able to submit the list of supporters, but he later submitted them
in assembly.

2010 may seem such rule to get into force on the issue of Telangana. The state
government of Andhra Pradesh ruled by Congress is under extreme pressure from the
opponents and also from their MLA's. All the legislative members have resigned from
their posts and are pressurizing the government to give a separate state. The ruling
government though did not accept their resignations is indirectly marching towards
president rule.

Hope that these sorts of situations do not rise in India and let all people lives in peace.