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The genetic code by which DNA stores the genetic information

consists of "codons" of three nucleotides. The functional segments of DNA
which code for the transfer of genetic information are called genes. With four
possible bases, the three nucleotides can give 43 = 64 different
possibilities, and these combinations are used to specify the 20 different
amino acids used by living organisms.
The ribonucleic acid (RNA) that is directly involved in the transcription of
the pattern of bases from the DNA to provide a blueprint for the construction
of proteins is called messenger RNA or typically mRNA. The pattern for protein
synthesis is then read and translated into the language of amino acids for
protein construction with the help of transfer RNA or tRNA.

The RNA Codons

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Second nucleotide

U C A G
UGU Cysteine
UUU Phenylalanine (Phe) UCU Serine (Ser) UAU Tyrosine (Tyr) U
(Cys)
UUC Phe UCC Ser UAC Tyr UGC Cys C
U
UUA Leucine (Leu) UCA Ser UAA STOP UGA STOP A
UGG Tryptophan
UUG Leu UCG Ser UAG STOP G
(Trp)
CCU Proline CGU Arginine
CUU Leucine (Leu) CAU Histidine (His) U
(Pro) (Arg)
CUC Leu CCC Pro CAC His CGC Arg C
C
CAA Glutamine
CUA Leu CCA Pro CGA Arg A
(Gln)
CUG Leu CCG Pro CAG Gln CGG Arg G
ACU Threonine AAU Asparagine
AUU Isoleucine (Ile) AGU Serine (Ser) U
(Thr) (Asn)
AUC Ile ACC Thr AAC Asn AGC Ser C
A AGA Arginine
AUA Ile ACA Thr AAA Lysine (Lys) A
(Arg)
AUG Methionine (Met) or
ACG Thr AAG Lys AGG Arg G
START
GCU Alanine GAU Aspartic acid
GUU Valine Val GGU Glycine (Gly) U
(Ala) (Asp)
GUC (Val) GCC Ala GAC Asp GGC Gly C
G
GAA Glutamic acid
GUA Val GCA Ala GGA Gly A
(Glu)
GUG Val GCG Ala GAG Glu GGG Gly G

REFERENCES:
 users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/C/Codons... - Cached
 hyperphys...r.gsu.edu/hbaseorganic/gencode.html
ARLEGUI,RONNEL A. MTW-11:30AM-12:30PM
BSN-II-F BIOCHEMISTRY LECTURE
ARLEGUI,RONNEL A. MTW-11:30AM-12:30PM
BSN-II-F BIOCHEMISTRY LECTURE