• IEEE 802.

21 MEDIA INDEPENDENT HANDOVER

• DCN:
• Title: Network Controlled Network Selection and HO
scenarios
• Date Submitted: September, 2005
• Presented at IEEE 802.21 session #NN in Orange County, CA
• Authors or Source(s):
Srinivas Sreemanthula, Stefano Faccin
• Abstract: Discuss network controlled scenarios

21-05-0366-01-0000
 IEEE 802.21 presentation release statements
• This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE 802.21 Working Group.
It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing
individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to
change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s)
the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein.
• The contributor grants a free, irrevocable license to the IEEE to incorporate
material contained in this contribution, and any modifications thereof, in the
creation of an IEEE Standards publication; to copyright in the IEEE’s name
any IEEE Standards publication even though it may include portions of this
contribution; and at the IEEE’s sole discretion to permit others to reproduce in
whole or in part the resulting IEEE Standards publication. The contributor
also acknowledges and accepts that this contribution may be made public by
IEEE 802.21.
• The contributor is familiar with IEEE patent policy, as outlined in
Section 6.3 of the IEEE-SA Standards Board Operations Manual
<http://standards.ieee.org/guides/opman/sect6.html#6.3> and in
Understanding Patent Issues During IEEE Standards Development
http://standards.ieee.org/board/pat/guide.html> 
21-05-0366-01-0000
 Introduction
• 802.21 aids in inter-technology handover with various usage
scenarios in mind
• It is also important for 802.21 to provide tools for cellular and
other operators to exercise network control to inter-work and
maximize the resource pool in other access networks
• This slide set presents network controlled usage scenarios for
Inter-technology network selection and HO control as a means to
understand the importance of such use cases
• This is for informational purposes only that can be used to verify
these scenarios are indeed covered under 802.21

21-05-0366-01-0000
 802.21 vs Current 3GPP Mechanisms
• Access Control/ Network selection:
• Currently core functionality of 3GPP networks
• It is in the interest of several 3GPP parties in keeping access control between
3GPP (access) networks under its control
• This can be achieved while introducing enablers for seamless inter-technology
mobility using 802.21
• 802.21 focuses on aiding heterogeneous handoff (I.e. inter-technology handoff
e.g. 3GPP-802.11, 802.11-802.16, etc.)
• The only intra-technology handoff in scope is inter-subnet/inter-domain handoff for 802.11,
simply because 802.11 does not define it
• 3GPP/PP2 and 802.16 have their own access selection mechanisms for homogeneous
handoff, and 802.21 does not intend to interfere with that
• 3GPP-WLAN IW: current Network Selection mechanisms
• Based on policies and information stored in UE (SIM)
• Based on information collected from UE
• Network has no active role at moment of selection
• Issue: cumbersome mechanism, requires connecting to a network to decide
whether to connect to the network

21-05-0366-01-0000
 802.21 Usage Scenarios for 3GPP
• A set of example “access system selection” scenarios to
describe what can be achieved with 802.21
• Scenarios using 802.21 service are split between two
dimensions
• Network Selection &
• Handover control
• Terminology
• 3G-PDN: indicates the whole network (including AN and
core network, i.e. up to point where UE gets IP connectivity)
• MME: Mobility Management Entity
• It’s a network entity sitting “above” current 3GPP access (e.g. located
“after” the ISN) in charge of making connectivity decision for network
controlled handoff.
• MME may incorporate an instance of MIHF

21-05-0366-01-0000
 Usage Scenarios for 3G Cellular Network -> IEEE 802.x
Scenario-A: 3G network is MIH unaware

• Scenario-A) MIH unaware serving network (3G),

• Emphasis is on enabling network handoff control by home network or third
party (e.g. enterprise)
• Examples are
• Visited 3G network not 802.21 aware (no 802.21 specific functions in 3G network)
• Visited 3G network has no active control over vertical HO decisions
• Home network or 3rd party controls the network selection and HO decisions (IS, ES and CS
used)

Access to MIHF “Home” Network

(IS/ES/CS) over L3
MIHFNW
Internet

Visited
3G-PDN Access to MIHF (IS) over L3

MIHFNW MIHFNW
UTRAN GERAN WiMAX
802.11-AN 802.16-AN
PDN

Current active connection

MIHFUE
UE

21-05-0366-01-0000
 Usage Scenarios for 3G Cellular Network -> IEEE 802.x
Scenario-B: 3G network is MIH aware, provides IS, ES & CS

• Scenario-B) MIH services provided by serving network (3G),

• Emphasis is on enabling network handoff control by network operator (e.g.
home) to target access owned by the same operator
• Examples are
• Operator owning multiple access technologies and user belongs to this network
• Operator has roaming agreements to cover multiple accesses for users from other networks
• 3G network can control network selection and HO decisions at MME

Internet

MIHFNW MME
Home
3G-PDN Access to MIHF over L3
Note: MIHF can be physically
implemented as a set of MIHF.
MME can be more or less
UTRAN GERAN WiMAX centralized
802.11-AN 802.16-AN
PDN

Current active connection

MIHFUE
21-05-0366-01-0000 UE
 Usage Scenarios for 3G Cellular Network -> IEEE 802.x
Scenario-C: 3G network proxies MIH IS services, provides ES and CS

• Scenario-C) MIH IS services proxied by serving network (3G)

• Emphasis is on enabling network handoff control by network operator (e.g. home) to
target accessed owned by roaming partners
• Proxy is to access IS from other networks
• Examples are
• Operator has no agreements to cover multiple accesses for roaming users
• 3G network controls vertical HO decisions

Internet

MIHFNW
Access to MIHF Access to MIHF
IS over L3 IS over L3
Home
3G-PDN

MIHFNW MIHFNW
UTRAN GERAN WiMAX
802.11-AN 802.16-AN
PDN

Current active connection

Access to MIHF
IS , ES and CS MIHFUE
over L3 UE
21-05-0366-01-0000
 NW Initiated NW Selection for Scenario-B
3G->802.x: 3G provides all MIH services
UE Network Operator
MIH User MIHFUE MAC Layers 3G-PDN MIHFNW MME MIHFNW(IS) 802.16-AN 802.11-AN 802.11-AN

UE Discovery and attachment

MIH-Register-Events.Req
MIH-Register-Event.Req()

MIH-Register-Event.Resp()
MIH-Register-Events.Resp
DL-Burst*
Link-Detect
Link-Event.Detect(link_info)
MIH-Link-Event.Detect(link_info)

MIH-Info.Req

MIH-Info.Resp
Unfavorable
Scan(802.11) Network
Beacon
Beacon
Link-Detect

Link-Event.Detect(link_info)
MIH-Link-Event.Detect(link_info)
MIH-Info.Req
MIH-Info.Resp

Favorable
Network =>
21-05-0366-01-0000 Selection
 NW Initiated NW Selection for Scenario-C
3G->802.x: 3G provides ES/CS services and can proxy IS services
UE Network Operator 802.16 Network 802.11 Network
MIH user MIHFUE MAC Layers 3G-PDN MIHFNW MME MIHFNW(IS) 802.16-AN MIHFNW(IS) 802.11-AN MIHFNW(IS)

UE Discovery and attachment

Proxying: MME in operator network
MIH-Register-Events.Req queries the MIHF in other networks
MIH-Register-Event.Req() based on the report from the UE.

MIH-Register-Event.Resp()
MIH-Register-Events.Resp
DL-Burst*
Link-Detect
Link-Event.Detect(link_info)
Just one Link Event MIH-Link-Event.Detect(link_info)
may be generated,
reporting both events Beacon
Link-Detect

Link-Event.Detect(link_info)
MIH-Link-Event.Detect(link_info)

MIH-Info.Req
MIH-Info-Req()
MIH-Info-Resp(nwk_info)
MIH-Info-Req()
MIH-Info-Resp(nwk_info)
MIH-Info.Resp

Favorable
Network =>
21-05-0366-01-0000 Selection
 NW Controlled HO for Scenarios B&C
3G ->802.x. HO Control in 3G with MIH ES/CS services
UE Operator Network 802.11 Network
Mobile-IP MIHFUE 3G-MM 802.11 MAC 3G-PDN MIHFNW MME 802.11-AN New-FA HA

Previously happened
Network
Legenda
Selection
Mobile-IP Tunneling
MIH-Link-Switch.Req(802.11 nwk)
Mobile-IP Signaling
MIH-Remote-Link-Switch.Req(802.11 nwk) Non-MIH (I.e.
MIP-switch.Ind Implementation
dependent)
MIH-switch.req
Link-Associate
L2-Procedures (Security, Re-association, QoS Neg.)
Link-Event-Up(802.11 nwk)

MIH-Link-Event-Up
Registration-Req
Registration-Req

Registration-Resp
Registration-Resp
L2-PDP-Cntxt-Rel(3G GMM)
3G-PDP-Rel()
Link-Event-Down(3G)

MIH-Link-Event-Down

MIH-switch.resp
MIH-Remote-Link-Switch.Resp
MIH-Link-Switch.Resp(802.11 nwk)
21-05-0366-01-0000