The ability of the image reproducing system to represent the fine structure of an

object is known as its resolving power or resolution.

Vertical resolution. The extent to which the scanning system is capable of resolving
picture details in the vertical direction is referred to as its vertical resolution.

Horizontal resolution. The capability of the system to resolve maximum number of

picture elements along the scanning lines determines horizontal resolution.
 Any colour has three characteristics to specify its visual
information.
(i) Luminance or Brightness
This is the amount of light intensity as perceived by the eye regardless of the colour. In
black and white pictures, better lighted parts have more luminance than the dark areas.
Different colours also have shades of luminance in the sense that though equally
illuminated appear more or less bright .Thus on a monochrome TV screen, dark red colour
will appear as black, yellow as white and a light blue colour as grey.

(ii) Hue
This is the predominant spectral colour of the received light. Thus the colour of any object
is distinguished by its hue or tint. The green leaves have green hue and red tomatoes have
red hue. Different hues result from different wavelengths of spectral radiation and are
perceived as such by the sets of cones in the retina.

(iii) Saturation
This is the spectral purity of the colour light. Since single hue colours occur rarely alone,
this indicates the amounts of other colours present. Thus saturation may be taken as an
indication of how little the colour is diluted by white. A fully saturated colour has no white.
As an example. vivid green is fully saturated and when diluted by white it becomes light
green. The hue and saturation of a colour put together is known as chrominance. Note that
it does not contain the brightness information. Chrominance is also called chroma.