HISTORY OF COMPUTER

NARENDRA
CHAND
BBA 1ST SEMESTER
ROLL NO 15166
SUBMMITED TO

MISS NEENA GUPTA

 ABOUUT COMPUTER
 A COMPUTER IS AN ELECTONIC DEVICE
THAT CAN PERFORM A VARIETY OF
OPERATIONS IN ACCORDANCE WITH A
SET OF INSTRUCTION CALLED PROGRAM.

 COMPUTER CAN ACCESS AND PROCESS

DATA MILLIONS OF TIME FASTER THAN
HUMANS CAN .
 A COMPUTER CAN STORE DATA AND
INFORMATION IN ITS MEMORY ,PROCES
THEM AND PRODUCE THE DESIRED
RESULTS.
CHARACTERSTICK’S OF
COMPUTER

 SPEED
 HIGH STORAGE CAPACITY
 ACCURACY
 RELIABILITY
 VERSATILITY
 COMPONENTS OF A
COMPUTER
CENTRAL OUTPUT
INPUT PROCESSING
UNIT UNIT
UNIT(CPU)

MAIN MEMORY
 INPUT UNIT
 THE INPUT UNIT IS FORMED BY THE INPUT
DEVICES ATTACHED TO THE COMPUTER.

 EXAMPLES OF THE INPUT DEVICES ARE

( KEYBOARD, MOUCE , MICR , OPTICAL
MARK READER , OCR , JOYSTICKS ETC.

 THE INPUT UNIT IS RESPONSIBLE FOR

TAKING INPUT AND CONVERTING IT INTO
COMPUTER UNDERSTANDABLE FORM i.e
(BINARY CODE).
 CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT
 THE CPU IS THE CONTROL UNIT FOR THE
COMPUTER.
IT GUIDES , DIRECTS AND GOVERNS ITS
PERFORMANCE.
IT IS THE BRAIN OF THE COMPUTER.
 THE CPU HAS TWO COMPONENTS WHICH ARE
RESPONSIBLE FOR DIFFERENT FUNCTIONS
THESE TWO COMPONENTS ARE CONTROL
UNIT(CU) AND ARITHMATIC LOGICAL
UNIT(ALU).
 OUTPUT UNIT
 THE OUTPUT UNIT IS FORMED BY THE
OUTPUT DEVICES ATTACHED TO THR
COMPUTER.
 THE OUTPUT COMING FROM THE CPU IS IN
THE FORM OF ELECTRONIC BINARY SIGNALS
WHICH NEEDS CONVERSION IN SOME FORM
WHICH CAN BE UNDERSTOODABLE BY
HUMAN BEINGS I.E CHARACTERS,
GRAPHICAL OR AUDIO VISUAL.
 SOME POPULAR OUTPUT DEVICES ARE VDU
(VISUAL DISPLAY UNIT), PRINTER, PLOTTER
ETC.
GENERATIONS OF COMPUTER
 THE TERM GENERATION IS OFTEN USED
IN RELATION TO THE HARDWARE OF
THE COMPUTERS.

 EACH PHASE OF COMPUTER

DEVELOPMENT IS KNOWN AS A
SEPARATE GENERATION OF
COMPUTERS.
 1ST GENERATION
COMPUTERS(1942-55)

 USED VACCUM TUBES(THERMIONIC

VALVES).
 MACHINE LANGUAGE WAS USED TO
GIVE FOR GIVING INSTRUCTIONS .
 USED THE CONCEPT OF STORED
PROGRAM.
 COMPUTERS OF THESE GENERATIONS
ARE ( ENIAC, EDVAC, EDSAC, UNIVAC-
1).
 2ND GENERATION OF
COMPUTER(1956-64)
2ND GENERATION COMPUTERS(1956-64)

 USED TRANSISTORS INVENTED BY

BARDEEN, BRATTAIN AND SHOCKLEY
IN YR 1946.
 MAGNETIC CORES WERE USED FOR
STORAGE.
 THESE WERE TINY FERRITE RINGS
(0.02) IN DIAMETER .
 3RD GENERATION COMPUTERS(1965-74)

 INTEGRATED CIRCUITS DEVELOPED.

 THE INTEGRATED CIRCUIT OR IC WAS

INVENTED BY JACK KILBY.

 SSI CIRCUITS WERE CONVERTED INTO MSI

CIRCUITS WITH 100 TRANSISTERS PER CHIP.

 SOME COMPUTERS OF THESE GENERATION’S

ARE ( IBM- 360 SERIES, HONEYWELL 6000).
 4TH GENERATION
COMPUTERS(1975-89)

 MICROPROCESSOR CHIPS DEVELOPED.

 SEMICONDUCTOR MEMORIES REPLACED

MAGNETIC CORE MEMORIES

 HARD DISK ARE ALSO AVAILABLE UPTO 80 GB.

 MSI CIRCUITS YIELDED TO VLSI CIRCUITS

PACKING ABOUT 50,000 TRANSISTERS IN A
CHIP.
 FIFTH GENERATION OF
COMPUTERS (1990- PRESENT)

 COMPUTING DEVICES ARE

BASED ON ARTIFICIAL
INTELLIGENCE.
 PARALLEL PROCESSING
END OF THE PROJECT

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