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THE MIZZIMA MONTHLY JOURNAL

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pmrsufESm (8) urBmha7;7m azazmf0g&Dv? 2011

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nD v mcH ac:,l + yD ; / ppf r S e f w J h Oya'jzpfrvmwJhtwGuf usefwJh aysmufoGm;zdk@vnf; rsm;ygw,f? wm[m 20 &mpkaESmif;ydkif;eJ@ 21 tjynft h 0 &xm;wm[m aemif nDvmcHrmS wdik ;f &if;om; 13 zG@J u
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axmifa&; aqmf=ovdkufwmudk yif v H k t &om rcH p m;cJ h & ygbl ; ? vnf ; 1989 ck E S p f r S m yif v H k e J @ &mpk yifvHkvdk@ emrnfcHxm;wJh e,f r sm; avh v mtwk , l p &m wkid ;f &if;om; tcGit hf a&;udak wmif
a':atmifqef;pk=unfeJ@ 'ga=umifh 1948-49 ckESpfupvdk@ ywfoufv@kd ajymcJ&h mrSm vlxu k twGuf 'D 21 &mpk xl;jcm;csuu f kd jzpfaeygw,f? vHk;0vufrcHcJhwm jzpfwJhtwGuf
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1947 yif v H k n D v mcH & J Πay:xGuv f mcJ+h y;D &Sr;f / ucsi/f csi;f 20 &mpk w k e f ; u vk y f c J h w J h &Sdaeygw,f? wcku (qdkAD,uf zdESdyfvGef;vdk@ wdbuf/ pifusef;/ awmif }uHhzGwfr[kwf&if ol@udk
yif r tES p f o m&u ArmeJ @ &S r f ; / wdik ;f &if;om;awGuawmh ud, k yf ikd f yif v H k p mcsKyf [ m 21 &mpk r S m jynfaxmifpx k u J jynfe,fawGukd twGi;f rGe*f v kd ;D ,m;wd@k rmS qef@usif b,favmufzm;zm; ac:roH;k wmudk
ucsi/f csi;f e,fajrawG twlwuG tk y f c sKyf a &;ud k twd k i f ; twm jyifqifz@kd vdak e+yv D m;/ wdik ;f &if;om; oabmxm;}uD;}uD;eJ@ cGJxkwfay; tH k º uG r _ a wG rzH k ; Ed k i f r zd E d k i f ay: awG@c+hJ y;D yg+y?D ud, k b hf ufu b,fvkd
vGwfvyfa&;,lzdk@eJ@ &Srf;/ ucsif/ }uD ; }uD ; rm;rm; cH p m;ae&vd k @ a&;&meJ@ ywfoufv@kd 21 &mpke@J 20 vdu k w f hJ ¶k&mS ;vlrsK;d }u;D acgi;f aqmif) aewmtm;vHk; todygyJ? 'gayrJh apwemxm; aysmah ysmif;onfjzpf
csif ; e,f a jr 3 ck u d k ud k , f y d k i f olykefrxcJhygbl;? &mpk bmawGumG ovJqw kd mvnf; abm&pf,v hJ qf ifvrf;/ aemufwck a[mifaumif txl;tkyfcsKyfa&; ap etzbufuawmh rvGJraoG
tk y f c sKyf a &; tjynf h t 0ay;zd k @ 'gayrJh yifvHkpmcsKyf-yifvHk qifjcifo;kH oyfz@kd vdyk gw,f? 1947 u (,l*dkpvm;AD;,m;EdkifiHxJu a'o Oya'uawmh a[mifaumif xdyw f u kd &f ifqikd v f mrSm jzpfygw,f?
jzpfcyhJ gw,f? tJ't D ajctaeuae pdwf"mwf[m yifvHkOya'tjzpf ckESpf yifvHkpmcsKyfyg tcsufrsm; jynf e ,f a wG cG J r xG u f a tmif om;awGukd zuf'&,fEikd if H r[kwf 'ga=umif h 'D 21 yif v H k u d k
wdk;csJŒ+yD; aemifrSm e,fajr 3 ck tcd k i f t cef @ rjzpf c J h w J h t wG u f teuf twlwuG vGwfvyfa&; &uf & uf p uf p uf ppf q if w k d u f wJh w¶kwfjynfxJrSm tar&duef/ taumiftxnfazmf&mrSm
wifru wdkif;&if;om;tm;vHk;udk tm%m& vlrsKd;}uD;0g'DawG[m ,la&;qdkwJh tcsufudkawmh twl cd k u f w J h qm;bD ; ,m; vl r sKd ; }uD ; qGpZf mvef/ *smr%Dw@kd u zuf'&,f rd r d b uf u vl x k u d k pnf ; ¶H k ; +yD ; /
ud k , f y d k i f t k y f c sKyf a &;/ wef ; wl wpwpeJ @ ud k , f y d k i f t k y f c sKyf a &; wuG tm%m&Sipf epf z,f&mS ;a&;eJ@ acgif ; aqmif ) rD v d k q D A pf v rf ; jynfe,fawGavmufeD;eD; tkyfcsKyf tqifhjrifhudk wufvSrf;Edkifzdk@ jyif
tcG i f h t a&; ay;zd k @ yg Ad k v f c sKyf awGudk v_dufpm;òzdzsufvmEdkifcJh 'Drdkua&pDpepf xlaxmifa&;vdk@ jzpfygw,f? tajrmftjrif}uD;wJh a&;/ Oya'jyKa&;/ w&m;pD&ifa&;/ xm;oifhygw,f? wenf;tm;jzihf
atmifqef;u &nf&G,fcJhwmyg? ygw,f? 'ga=umifh 1958 ckESpfrSm tck 21 &mpkrmS tpm;xd;k jyifqifz@kd abm&pf , J h v f q if v rf ; u tem pD;yGm;a&;/ EdkifiHjcm; ukefoG,fa&;/ ajym&&if 21 &mpk y if v H k e J @ 90
'gayrJh uHraumif; ta=umif;rvS &Srf;vufeufudkif awmfvSefa&;/ vdkwmuvGJ+yD; 'kwd,yifrtcsuf tusifoufom+yD; aoG;ajrrus Edik if jH cm; &if;ES;D jrK‡ yfEaHS &;/ b¾ma&;/ a&G ; aumuf y J G & v'f jy\emud k
pGmbJ yxrydkif;jzpfwJh twlwuG 1961 ckEpS rf mS ucsiv f ufeufuikd f jzpfwhJ tjynft h 0 ud, k yf ikd t
f yk cf sKyf +idrf;csrf;wJh taumif;qHk;enf;vrf; aiGa&;a=u;a&;/ vlr_a&;/ vHkòcHa&; tawG;&Si;f / tjrif&iS ;f vufawG@&iS ;f
vGwfvyfa&;,lzdk@om taumif awmf v S e f a &;/ 1964 ck E S p f r S m a&; ay;a&;uawmh bmrS jyifqif jzpf y gw,f ? yxrwck u awmh udk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGifhawG (EdkifiHjcm; zd@k vdyk gw,f? tm%mjy\em[m
txnfay:cJ+h y;D ud, k yf ikd tf yk cf sKyfa&; csif;vufeufudkif awmfvSefa&; p&m/ av#mah ygph &m/ jznfph u G pf &m “acgi;f rmrdu k ¶f ikd ;f wJh r[mvlrsK;d }u;D a&;eJ@ umuG,af &;uvGv J @kd ) tH=h o t&if;cHjzpfw,f/ xdyw f ef;OD;pm;ay;
tjynfht0 ay;a&;u ysufjy,f ay:vm¶H k r u 1961 ck E S p f r S m yJ awG r vd k b J pmcsKyf t qif h u ae 0g'D rD v d k q D A pf & J Œ vrf ; uawmh avmufatmif ay;xm;ygw,f? jzpfw,fqw kd m arhv@kd rjzpfyg?
oGm;cJhygw,f? zuf'&,frl awmif;qdw k hJ awmif}u;D trsm;qdik &f m Oya'tqifh a&muf jrefrmjynfrmS t&ifuvnf; usifh a[mifaumifrmS w¶kwu f eG jf rLepf 'Duae@umvrSm vufiif;
t"dujy\emu yifvpkH mcsKyf vlrsKd;aygif;pHkuGefz&ifh usif;y&wJh zkd@om t"du vdktyfaeygw,f? oHk;cJhzl;/ tckvnf; usihfoHk;aewJh tpd k ; &ud k vG w f v G w f v yf v yf ta&;w}u;D vdt k yfaewJh wdik ;f &if;
oabmwlncD su[ f m yifvOkH ya' tajcqdkufcJhygw,f? Oya'tqifh a&mufzdk@ qdkwmu aoG;acsmif;pD; aoausysufpD;wJh qENjyvd@k &+y;D / w¶kww f jynfv;kH udk om;a&; tusKd;ðycsuftjzpf 21
(Law) tqifu h kd a&mufrvmcJw h m 1947 ckEpS f yifvpkH mcsKyf[m vnf; tm%mjy\emu aomhcsuf vrf; jzpfygw,f? jy\emaygif; ydwq f @kd xm;wJh tifwmeufqifqm &mpkyifvx kH uf pm&if “wdik ;f &if;om;
jzpfygw,f? 1947 ckESpf tajccH jynf r / &S r f ; jynf / ucsif e J @ csif ; jzpfaeygw,f? 'ga=umifh 21 &mpk aomif;ajcmufaxmifukd zdwaf c:wJh uif;vGwef ,fajrvnf; jzpfygw,f? +id r f ; tzG J @ awG e J @ +id r f ; r[k w f w J h
Oya' a&;qG J & mrS m Ad k v f c sKyf awmifwef;a'oawG&ŒJ tm%mydik f yif v H k n D v mcH v k y f & if 20 &mpk vrf;jzpfygw,f”? ESpfaygif;&mcsD tm%m&Sipf epf qef@usiw f hJ tar&d wkid ;f &if;om;awGtay: xd;k ppfqif
atmifqef; r&Sad wmhwahJ emufyikd ;f awGt=um; oabmwlcsKyfqdkwm yifvpkH mcsKyfukd 21 &mpk yifvOkH ya' ae+yjD zpfwhJ jrefrmjynf wdik ;f &if;om; uef&ŒJ vGwv f yfaom tm&StoH aewJ”h etz wyfawG/ xd;k ppfqif
uvdru f uspf vkyo f w l csKŒd a=umifh jzpf v d k @ Oya'rjzpf a o;ayr,f h jzpfatmifvyk zf @kd u t"du vkyif ef; jy\em ajz&Sif;a&;twGuf Arm ¶H;k zGichf iG hf xyfqifv h i$ phf cef; xm;&Scd iG hf r,fh wyfawG xd;k ppf&yfpJ aemufjyef
yif v H k oabmwl p mcsKyf u ae tm%moufa&mufr_ wpHkw&m wm0ef jzpfygvrd rhf ,f? vlrsKd;}uD;xJu ,JhvfqifvdkvlrsKd; &xm;wJh e,fajr/ w¶kwjf ynfrrSm qkwfatmif awmif;qdkzdtm;ay;
tajccHOya'tjzpf a&mufrvmcJh &SdcJhygw,f? 'ga=umifh tckw}udrf 20 &mpk yif v H k n D v mcH ay:vmzd@k vdak eyg+y?D rDvq kd AD pfawG tvGet f rif; zdEydS cf &H wJh zmvHak *gi;f a&;/ ppf t pd k ; &&J Πe,f j cm;wyf
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jynf w G i f ; ppf r D ; txd }uD ; xG m ; awG=um;rSm aqG;aEG;oabmwlnrD _ wdik ;f jynfawG vGwv f yfa&;&vmwJh ra&muf E k d i f a o;cif r S m a&S Œ ajy; A[dktpdk;& vHk;0eD;eD; pGufzufcGifh 0’ wdik ;f &if;om; acgi;f aqmifawGukd
aygufuGJcJh&ygw,f? csrw S zf @kd vdyk gw,f? tm%mr&So d al wG acwfjzpfcJhygw,f? tck 21 &mpk od@k r[kwf =um;umvtqift h jzpf r&Sw d hJ e,fajrjzpfygw,f? tar&duefeJ@ tifwmydku 0&rf;
'gayrJh tifrwef }uD;us,f aqG;aEG;oabmwl csrSwf&ifawmh yif v H k n D v mcH vk y f c sd e f u awmh tqif t ajyqH k ; ajz&S i f ; enf ; 'ga=umifhvnf; ucsifvGwf xkwx f m;wm/ +ird ;f tzG@J awGtay:
xif&Sm;wJh yifvHkpmcsKyfudk vHk;0 yif v H k p mcsKyf t qif h ra&muf b J tm%m&Sipf epfawG atmufuae jzpfEdkifwmuawmh w¶kwfjynf&JŒ ajrmuf a &;tzG J @ KIO ud k , f Y u tar&duefe@J taemufEikd if aH wGu
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e,fajrawGukd ud, k yf ikd t f yk cf sKyfa&; ckEpS rf mS ESpzf ufoabmwl xkwjf yef ,m;/ tDo, D ykd ;D ,m;/ tif'ekd ;D &Sm;/ trnf c H t m;jzif h w¶k w f E d k i f i H pdw0f ifpm; tm;usaewJh ud, k yf ikd f em;vnf r _ & S d a &;awG t wG u f
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pmrsufESm (16) tifwmAsL; azazmf0g&Dv? 2011

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h ahJ e@u rD;cHaowWmudk zGi=hf unfw h m aomhwacsmif;rS zGirhf &bl;”?
u ajymonf? ppf t pd k ; &wyf r sm;ES i f h wd k u f c k d u f pdu
k f xdik ;f ppfwyfEiS hf &Ju 0ifa&muf
wdkif;&if;om; vufeufudkif aeonfh wd;k wufaom Ak'b < mom &SmazGr_rsm; ðyvkyfcJhaomfvnf; olUae&meJUol
tzG@J wckjzpfonfh u&iftrsK;d om; u&iftrsKd ;om; wyfrawmf DKBA w&m;r0if ypPn;f wpHw k ckrS awG@&dS “rif;wd@k [w
kd ,frmS a&yle@J a&at; &ovm;”?
tpnf;t¶kH; KNU u ‚if;wd@k tae url rdrw d @kd udk xdik ;f tpd;k &u olyek f jcif; r&So d jzifh jyefomG ;cJ=h uonf? “aEG&moDrmS a&yl&+y;D aqmif;&moDrmS a&at;&ygw,fcifAsm”?
pmrsufESm (18) azazmf0g&Dv? 2011

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ÓPfprf; 2011 ckESpf azazmf0g&Dv
ya[Vd ql ' d k u k SU DO KU
12 &moDciG f eu©aA'if a[mpmwrf;
,ckvtwGuf ql'dkuk ÓPfprf;
rum&&moD CAPRICORN ('DZifbm 22-Zefe0g&D 21)
,cifvrS tajz arhaysmufI r&aom rdwfa[mif;aqGa[mif;rsm;ESifh jyefvnfqHkawG‹&Edkifonf?
8 6 9 2 a&S;a[mif;aESmif;jzpfrsm;/ atmufarhzG,f&mrsm;jzifh pum;vufqHkusygvdrfhrnf?
8 9 5 3 2 4 1 6 7 aemifa&;twGuf jyifqifoifhonfrsm;udk aqG;aEG;=unfhyg? oifhtwGuf rSwfom;
6 8 1 em,lzG,f&mrsm; =um;od&ygvdrfhrnf? tusKd;&v'faumif;rsm; ay:xGufvmygvdrfhrnf?
1 7 2 6 5 9 3 8 4
6 9
4 3 6 1 7 8 5 2 9 ukrf&moD AQUARIUS (Zefe0g&D 22-azazmf0g&D 18)
6 4 2 avhvmoif=um;r_rsm; ydkrdkrsm;jym;vmaeygonf? pl;prf;&SmazGr_rsm;vnf;
9 2 1 8 3 7 4 5 6 ,cifxuf ydkrdkwdk;csJŒðyvkyfaeonf? odk‹aomf pepfwus rjzpfao;bJ tdwfaygufESifh
2 7 zm;aumuf tjzpfrsKd; a&mufEkdifygonf? tcsdefukef vlyrf;tjzpf rcHygESifh? wnfhrwf
7 5 3 4 6 2 9 1 8 rSeu
f efomG ;&ef wwfoed m;vnforl sm;xH csO;f uyfyg? tcsed rf qdik ;f bJ csucf si;f ðyEdik yf gap?
9 8 5 3
6 4 8 9 1 5 7 3 2
rdef&moD PISCES (azazmf0g&D 19-rwf 20)
5 8 9 2 4 3 6 7 1
8 5 7 rsKd;qufrsm;jzifh vufvSrf;rDpGm tvkyfvkyfyg? vli,frsm;omru uav;t&G,f
rsm;ESiyhf g twlwuG aexdik jf cif;/ pkaygi;f vkyu
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2 1 7 5 9 6 8 4 3 5 3
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2 7 9 8 3 ESpfzuftcGifhtvrf;rsm; ay:xGef;vmap&eftwGuf rjzpfrae aqmif&Gufygav?
3 6 4 7 8 1 2 9 5

rdó&moD ARIES (rwf 21-{NyD 20)

a[mvd0k'f xifay:ausmf-um; 100 wGif a*s'ef prpf yg0if ±d k ; om;ajzmif h r wf j cif ; onf o m taumif ; qH k ; tjzpf ±_ j rif r _ r sm;
ydkrdktm;aumif;aeonf? xrif;wvkwftwGuf trsm;olig rsuf&nfusrnfhta&;
0efav;aernf? &dumQ twGuf odumQ ESihf rvJor# umvywfv;kH pdwaf t;&rnf? xd‹k jyif
(a[mvd0'k af 'gu h eG ;f ) aemifvmaemufom;rsm;twGufyg ta&;}uD;a=umif; aexkdifusifh}uHoifhygonf?
azazmf0g&D 24 +rJ+rHpGm qkyfudkifygav?
a[mvd0k'f.
xifay:ausmf=um; Nydó&moD TAURUS ({NyD 21-ar 21)
em;ukd wzufom zGifhrxm;ygESifh? =um;&or#udk pl;prf;qifjcifr_ uif;rJhpGm
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pm&if;wGif r=umao;cif vlvdrfrcH&&efESifh tjcm;olrsm;xH owif;rSm;rsm; ray;&ef vdktyfygonf? xdkodk‹
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rS uav;o±k y f a qmif tusKd;enf;rnf?
a*s'ef prpf (Jaden Smith)
yg0ifa=umif; a[mvd0k'f arxke&f moD GEMINI (ar 22-ZGefv 21)
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wdk;wufr_ r&Sdaom tjzpftrsKd;jzifh tcsdefukef+yD; oHknomom &Sdaeygvdrfhrnf?
azmfjyxm;onf? xk d o d k ‹ aom tajctaersKd ; rS vG e f a jrmuf E k d i f & ef óud ; pm;oif h y gonf ? oif .
a*s'efonf xifay: aemufvdkufrsm;/ oifhvkyfief; wufvrf;rsm; ydwfqdk‹rae&eftwGuf jzpfonf?
ausmf=um; o¶kyfaqmif TonfrSm oifhb0jzpfonf?
rsm;wG i f tqif h 5
ae&mwGif &Sdae+yD; ol. um&u#f&moD CANCER (ZGefv 22-Zlvdkif 22)
txuf w G i f trsKd ; orD ; ul;pufysŒH ES‹H aer_rsm;udk rsujf cnfrjywf apmif=h unf&h ef oifah wmfaom tcgor,
o¶kyaf qmifrsm; jzpfonf? jzpfygonf? wudk,f&nfESifh udk,fhtrsKd;om; wckwnf;ta&;om r[kwfbJ wurBmvHk;
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a*s'efprpfonf
rdrdESifh wrsKd;om;vHk;twGufyg vGwfajrmufa&; vrf;prsm;ESifh enf;emrsm; &&Sdrnf?
emrnfausmf ¶ky&f iS o f ¶kyaf qmif 0Dvpf rpf (Wills Smith) . om;jzpf+yD; (Karate Kid) Zmwfum;wGif urBmausmf tuf&iS rf if;om; *suu f cD se;f ESihf
wGzJ ufo¶kyaf qmifco hJ nf? ,if;Zmwfum;wGif u&maw; enf;ynmudk oif,v l akd om/ ,SOòf yid b
f uftay: n‡mwmwwfaom uav;i,ftjzpf
od[f&moD LE0 (Zlvdkif 23-Mo*kwf 23)
o¶kyfaqmifcJhonf? aqG ; aEG ; tajz&S m jcif ; ud k tav;xm;aeonf ? rl v tusif h a [mif ; rsm;rS
xifay:ausm=f um; tqifh 1 wGif emtdrk D 0ufpf (Naomi Watts) / tif*sveD m *sKv d D (Angelina Jolie) / yuf'rf m t,fvf tufcsv f &l D (Padma vGefajrmufum ESpfOD;ESpfzufomru bufaygif;pHk oifhwifhavsmufywfaponfh
L. Atluri) ESihf pumvufpf *sK[ d efqif (Scarlett Johansson) u tqifv h u
dk f ae&m,lxm;onf? w&m;enf;vrf;wus aqmif&Gufa&;qDodk‹ OD;wnfonfh v_yf&Sm;r_rsm; ðyvkyfaeonf?
eHygwf 6 tjzpf uifr&Ge;f 'du k Zf f (Cameron Diaz) / tref'g c¶l (Amanda Crew) / 0g&ifo h ¶kyaf qmif}u;D aygvf yDqmeD (Paul Picerni) / auwD +id r f ; csrf ; a&;/ w&m;r#wa&;/ nD n G w f a &;/ wd k ; wuf a &;qD a&muf & S d E k d i f o jzif h
bdwfpf (Kathy Bates) ESihf ywfwD rufpf aumrufpf (Patty McCormack) wd@k vnf; yg0ifonf? qufav#mufyg?

uef&moD VIRGO (Mo*kwf 24-pufwifbm 22)

av,mOfr,frsm; vdifpJGaqmif&ef 0wfqifae[k pGyfpJG


pD;yGm;a&;qkdif&m tajymif;tvJrsm; ±kwfw&uf jzpfEdkifonf? taumif;tqkd;
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(qif[mG ) azazmf0g&D 23
ruUqu D kd tJ,m;vdik ;f jzpfonfh Heavily
wl&moD LIBRA (pufwifbm 23-atmufwdkbm 23)
indebted Mexicana wGif wm0efxrf;aqmif
cspfolESifh wc%aomf‚if;/ wb0vHk;aomf‚if; ta=umif;trsKd;rsKd;a=umifh
aeonf h av,mOf r ,f E S i f h tpD t pOf r S L ; auGuGif;&zG,f &Sdonf? xkdodk‹ rjzpfvdkygu opPmcdkif+rJr_ESifh twlwuG aexdkifEkdifa&;
rsm;onf jy\emES i f h pd k ; &d r f z G , f u d p P & yf twGuf óud;yrf;tm;xkwfydkifcGifh &Sdonf? jzLpifaom pdwfxm;jzifh ESpfOD;ESpfzuf
rsm; jzpfay:apaomolrsm;[k urBmausmf oabmxm; &Sad eap&ef oifb h ufu t&iftpðyygav? tcGit hf vrf;awG ay:vmygrnf?
yav;bGdKif; r*~Zif; Playboy Magazine u
qkdonf? NAdpäm&moD SCORPIO (atmufwdkbm 24-Edk0ifbm 22)
tqdyk g trsK;d orD;rsm;rSm vdiq f aJG qmif oufawmifhoufom &Sdaom usef;rma&;ESifh twlae&rnf? omref csKdŒ,Gif;r_
r#om jzpfay:vmwwfonf? óudwifumuG,fjcif;ESifh usef;rma&; vdkufpm;jcif;rsm;
&eftwGuf vGefuJpGm 0wfqifxm;r_tay: ae‹pOf *±kwpdkuf ðyvkyfay;yg? a&&Snftm;jzifh temuif; tqif;vSum usef;rm
oH;k oyfajymqdjk cif; jzpfonf? aysm&f i$ af om b0udk ydik q
f idk yf gvrd rhf nf? wwfoed m;vnforl sm;ESihf wkid yf ifoifah yonf?
ruUqu D Ykd ,ckv 7 &ufae@ ðyvkyo f nfh
yav;bGKd if;r*~Zif; nDvmcHwiG f yk*v ~ u d qdik &f m "Ek&moD SAGITTARIRS (Edk0ifbm 23-'DZifbm 21)
tcef;u¾Y tqkyd gupd P xnho f iG ;f aqG;aEG; vGifharsmaeaom pdwftm±Hkrsm;udk jyefvnfpkpnf;&ef tcsdefusae+yDjzpfonf?
cJ h + yD ; jy\emES i f h pd k ; &d r f z G , f ud p P & yf r sm; wufvrf;udkomru qkwfvrf;yg jyifqifxm;oifhonf? ra&mif&m qDvl;aeonfh
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vkyfudkifoifhonfrsm;udk pepfwus pDrHcef‹cJGum ðyvkyfoifhonf? pdwfudk tenfxdkif&ef
H e av ily indebted Mexicana rS m
t&ifvkyfyg?
oufwrf;&ifh ava=umif;vkdif; jzpfonf?
2010 ckEpS f =o*kwv f twGi;f ava=umif;vdik ;f tm;vH;k &yfqikd ;f xm;cJ+h y;D ,ckEpS f tapmydik ;f rSom jyefvnfajy;qGcJ o
hJ nf? pdawåe eD,aw avmaum
azazmf0g&Dv? 2011 tm;upm; pmrsufESm (19)

2=1 *dk;jzifh jrefrmu tdENd,udk ±H+;


owif;wdx
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td E N d , toif ; u 2-1 *d k ; jzif h
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h nf? ,refae@nu tdENd,EkdifiH
(1958 ckEpS /f azazmf0g&v D 1 &uf) wGif upm;cJo h nfh yxrtausmh
tD*spEf iS hf qD;&D;,m;u nDnw
G af om tm&yf orRwEkid if x
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h nf? yG J p Of Y jref r mtoif ; ¶_ H ; ed r f h
(1878 ckEpS /f azazmf0g&v D 2 &uf) oGm;jcif; jzpfonf?
*&dEidk if u
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h nf? tdENd,toif;rSm
(1948 ckEpS /f azazmf0g&v D 2 &uf) yGpJ pcsi;f yif vufypfabmrSwqifh
tar&duefjynfaxmifpk orRw xl±;l rif;u Edik if o
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(1919 ckEpS /f azazmf0g&v D 3 &uf) td E N d , td k v H y pf t oif ;
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H iG f usi;f ycJo
h nf? twGuf tEkid *f ;kd rsm;udk yGpJ csed f 24
(1930 ckEpS /f azazmf0g&v
D 3 &uf) rd e pf w G i f wk d u f p pf r S L ; *sD * sD u
AD,uferf uGejf rLepfygwu D kd pwifxal xmifco
hJ nf? jypf'%fabmrSwqifh
(1932 ckEpS /f azazmf0g&vD 4 &uf) oGif;,lay;cJhjcif;jzpf+yD;/ zDvmu
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(1932 ckEpS /f azazmf0g&v
D 4 &uf)
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wwd,t}udrf aqmif;&moD tdkvHypf tm;upm;yJGudk tar&duef e,l;a,mufòrdŒ&Sd vdyfyvmppfY
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rd k i f ; td k u f E k d i f u yxryd k i f ; 33
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D 5 &uf) rdepfwiG f oGi;f ,lay;cJ+h y;D / yxrydik ;f yG+J y;D csed tf xd 2-1 jzifh ,SOòf yid u
f pm;cJo h nf?
Reader’s Digest r*~Zif;tm; pwifxw
k af 0cJo
h nf? jrefrmtoif;bufrS ausmZf ifxufu *d;k orm;tjzpf wm0ef,cl o hJ nf? rdik ;f tdu
k Ef idk /f jynfòh z;d OD;/ a';Apfxef/
(1969 ckEpS /f azazmf0g&v
D 5 &uf) ^m%vGi/f =unfviG /f &efatmifausm/f &efatmif0if; ponfh upm;orm;rsm;jzifh yGx J uG cf o hJ nf?
tar&duef jynfaxmifpk vlO;D a& oef; 200 jzpfvmcJo
h nf? ,ck&&Sdonfh &v'fa=umifh jrefrmtoif;rSm &efukefwGif upm;rnfhyGJpOfwGif tEdkifupm;EkdifrSomv#if
(1939 ckEpS /f azazmf0g&v
D 6 &uf) ¶H;_ xGut f qifrh S wufa&mufEidk rf nfjzpf+y;D vmrnft h ywfwiG f ,SOòf yid u f pm;rnfjzpfonf?
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h nf? tdE, dN ESihf jrefrmonf +y;D cJo h nfh 4 ESpuf vnf; tdv
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yxrtausmh upm;cJh&m 4-1 *dk;jzifh tdENd,u tEkdif&cJhonf? &efukefwGif upm;onfh 'kwd,yGJpOfY
(1900 ckEpS /f azazmf0g&v
D 7 &uf)
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t*FvefwiG f avbmygwu D kd pwifz‹GJ pnf;cJo
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(1976 ckEpS /f azazmf0g&v
D 7 &uf)
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D 8 &uf) (ref,l) wpxuf w p yG J r sm; yd k r d k u pm; (qef;'g;vef;)
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h nf? zlv[ f rfrS ajymif;vmol A[dk vm&onf h parmvif ; twG u f t*Fveftoif;. +yD;cJhonfh
(1943 ckEpS /f azazmf0g&v
D 9 &uf) aemufcv H o l nf ref,al emufwef; 2011 ckESpfwGif awmufyaom jyifopfESifh yGJwGif *s&wfESifh wGJ+yD;
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hJ nf? wGif wnf+ird pf mG ajcpGr;f jyaeonf? tem*wf v rf ; ud k txif t &S m ; yGJxGufvmaom uGif;v,fupm;
(1963 ckEpS /f azazmf0g&v
D 9 &uf) ol@xuf t&ifapm+y;D ae&m&aeol awG@jrifae&onf? orm;av; [ef'gqefukd y&dowf
bd&k if;*suf 727 udk yxrqH;k t}urd f pwifyso
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h nf? tDAefukd ausmw f ufum/ zm'Deef. az;vf * sKH ; - 18 ES p f rsm; owdxm;rdc=hJ uonf? uvyf
ae&mwG i f tjynf h t 0 quf c H (bvufbef;) toif; &v'faumif;rsm; &&Sad p&ef
±k y f y d k i f ; qd k i f & m }uH Œ cd k i f r _ t"du yHhydk;ay;onfhtjyif EdkifiHh
tm;aumif;onfh cHppfrLS ; bvuf toif;twGuv f nf; tvm;tvm
bef;onf aemufwef;rSmomru/ t&rf;aumif;aom upm;orm;
Mizzima u m wG ef ; jzpfonf? 2011 ckESpfwGif ol.
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pmrsufESm (20) azazmf0g&Dv? 2011

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Rafael

Gareth Bale Rafael chris smalling Jack wilshere Phil Jones

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Andy Carroll  pmrsufESm (19) aumfvH (2) odk‹

Wojchiech Barry Bannan Kieran Gibbs

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