Pohs‚ A∏hpw

c£-bpsS Imkbpw
 Pohs‚ A∏hpw
c£-bpsS Imkbpw

SntPm aW-te¬

(Malayalam)

Jeevante Appavum Rakshayude Kasayum

(Study)
By
Tijo Manalel
Publishers : Sophia Books, Kottayam
First Published : Dec., 2007
Copy Right Reserved
Typesetting & Printing : Sophia Print House, Kottayam Ph: 3255054 tkm^nbm _pIvkv
Rs. 60/- tIm´bw
 ka¿∏Ww
Fs‚ hnZymcw`w \SØn
SntPm Ipdnbmt°mkv Adnhns‚ BZym£cw Ipdn®
P\\w: 1982 sabv 15 ]pdIpfØv hey®≥ F∂ `mKykvacWm¿l\mb
amXm]nXm°ƒ: aWte¬ ]pXnbm]dºn¬ ]n. sI. kv I dnb, Fw. C. Cu∏≥ tIm¿F∏nkvtIm∏mbpsSbpw
GenbmΩ kvIdnb. k`bpsS kXyhnizmkØntebv°v
Sn‚p A∂Ω kvIdnb GI ktlmZcn. Fs∂ ssI]nSn®v \SØnb Fs‚ ]nXmal≥
sk‚ v tXmakv F¬. ]n. kvIqƒ, Aab∂q¿ sslkvIqƒ, aW¿- aWte¬ kvIdnbm Ipcys‚bpw
ImSv sk‚ v tacokv tImfPv F∂nhnSßfnse hnZym`ymkØn\v ]mh\kvacWbv°v apºn¬.
tijw k¿thb¿ t{SUn¬ tI{µ Kh¨sa‚ns‚ \mjW¬ k¿´n-
^n°‰pw ssek≥kpw Icÿam°n.
k¨tUkvIqƒ, Fw. Pn. H. kn. Fkv. Fw. XpSßnb Bflob
{]ÿm\ßfpsS sk{I´dnbmbn CShIbnepw {]kwKI≥, kwLm-
SI≥ F∂o \neIfn¬ CShIbv°v shfnbnepw tkh\w A\pjvTn-
°p∂p.
Ct∏mƒ tIm´bw _tkenbkv tImfPn¬ c≠mw h¿j aebmf
_ncpZ hnZym¿∞n.
hnemkw: aWte¬ ]pXnbm]dºn¬,
Aab∂q¿ ]n. H., tIm´bw ˛ 686025
t^m¨: 0481˛2549733
samss_¬: 94475 67608
Telegram: Devalokam
E-mail: marmilithios@gmail.com
Phone: 0481-2574323, 2578500
Fax: 0481-2570569
MALANKARA ORTHODOX SYRIAN CHURCH
THE MALANKARA ORTHODOX SYRIAN CHURCH KOTTAYAM DIOCESE
CATHOLICATE OF THE EAST GEEVARGHESE MAR IVANIOS Phone: 0481 2564329
Kuriakose Mar Gregorios Centre,
PAULOSE MAR MILITHIOS Catholicate Palace M. D. Seminary, Kottayam
Assistant and Successor to the Kottayam - 686 038
Catholicos of The East and Kerala, India
Malankara Metropolitan tIm´bw
13-˛12-˛2007

A\p{Klktµiw
\ΩpsS hS°≥aÆq¿ sk‚ v tXmakv CShImwKhpw, tIm´bw
_t enbkv tImfPv c≠mwh¿j aebmf _ncpZ hnZym¿∞nbpamb
aWte¬ ho´n¬ SntPm Ipdnbmt°mkv ""Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£bpsS
Imkbpw'' F∂ t]cn¬ hnip≤ Ip¿∫m\bpsS Hcp eLp hniZoI-
cWw FgpXn Xømdm°n {]kn≤s∏SpØp∂p F∂dnbp∂Xn¬ \mw
kt¥mjn°p∂p.
hS°≥aÆq¿ sk‚ v tXmakv kt≠kvIqfnse Hcp kPoh {]h¿-
ØI≥ IqSnbmb SntPm, Xs‚ Iemeb ]T\Øn\nSbn¬ CXn\mbn
kabw Is≠ØnbXn¬ {]tXyIw A`n\µ\w A¿ln°p∂p. hnip≤
Ip¿∫m\sb kw_‘n®p≈ hymJym\w A\phmNI¿°v ]I¿∂p
\¬Iphm≥ Cu {KŸØn\v km[n°s´.
{]m¿∞\m\n¿`camb F√m BiwkIfpw At±lØn\v t\cp∂p.
ssZhw A\p{Kln°s´
]utemkv am¿ anenØntbmkv
sa{Xmt∏meoØm
Unkw_¿ 13, 2007
A\p{Klktµiw
{]nbtc,
hn. Ip¿∫m\bn¬ A¿∞hØmbn ]s¶Sp°phm≥ B{Kln°p∂
Gh¿°pw {]tbmP\{]ZamWv SntPm aWte¬ cNn® ""Pohs‚
A∏hpw c£bpsS Imkbpw'' F∂ Cu eLp {KŸw. A¿∞adn-
bmsX Hcp BNmcambn am{XamWv C∂p ]ecpw hn. Ip¿∫m\bn¬
]s¶Sp°p∂Xv. a‰p NnecmIs´, A¿∞adnbmØXpsIm≠v AI∂p
t]mhpIbpw sNøp∂p. Cu kmlNcyØnemWv ]pXp XeapdbpsS
{]Xn\n[nbmb SntPmbpsS {KŸØn\v {]k‡ntbdp∂Xv.
Hm¿ØtUmIvkv k`mcm[\bpsS aIpSamb hn. Ip¿∫m\bn¬
D]tbmKn°p∂ Hmtcm hm°pw, Hmtcm Ne\hpw hfsc kq£vaamb
A¿∞Xeßfp≈hbmWv. Cu A¿∞Xeßfnte°v k`mhnizmkn-
Isf FØn°phm≥ Cu ]pkvXIØn\p km[n°s´sb∂v {]m¿∞n-
°p∂p.
{KŸØn\v F√mhn[ `mhpIßfpw t\cpIbpw sNøp∂p.
Koh¿Kokv am¿ Cuhm-\n-tbmkv
sa{Xmt∏meoØm
8 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
AhXmcnI
{InkvXobmcm[\bpsS tI{µw hn. Ip¿∫m\bmsW∂v Hm¿Ø-
tUmIvkv hnizmknIƒs°√mw Adnbmw. `‡ntbmSpw hnizmk-
tØmSpw IqSn P\߃ hn. Ip¿∫m\bn¬ kw_‘n°bpw sNøp∂p.
F∂m¬ AXneSßnbncn°p∂ thZXXzßfpw Bflob a¿Ωßfpw
{Kln°p∂h¿ XmcXtay\ IpdhmWv. AXpsIm≠v \nc¥camb
{]t_m[\ØneqsS P\ßsf C°mcy߃ ]Tn∏n°m\p≈ henb
NpaXe k` Gs‰Sp°p∂p. \ΩpsS k`bn¬, k¨tUkvIqƒ, Znhy-
t_m[\w, hnhn[ BfloI kwLS\Iƒ F∂nhbneqsSsb√mw Cu
{]t_m[\ZuXyw hensbmcfhn¬ \ndth‰s∏Sp∂p. sshZnIcpw
AsshZnIcpamb \nch[nbmfpIƒ hn. Ip¿∫m\bpsS A¿∞ßsf-
°pdn®v ]pkvXI߃ cNn®n´p≠v. Hm¿ØtUmIvkv sshZnIskan\m-
cnbnse A≤ym]IcpsS ta¬t\m´Øn¬ Ign™ Im¬\q‰m≠mbn
\SØs∏Sp∂ {]ikvXamb "Znhyt_m[\w' ]T\]≤XnbneqsS
Bcm[\/IqZmiIƒ F∂nhsb°p-dn®v s]mXphmbpw hn. Ip¿∫m\-
sb°pdn®v {]tXyIambpw ]mTy]pkvXI߃ {]kn≤oIcn®n´p≠v.
bph hnZym¿∞nbmb SntPm aWte¬ Cßs\bp≈ ]pkvXI߃
hmbn®pw, Znhyt_m[\w ]T\Øn¬ tN¿∂pw, \√ Bflob kwkv-
°mcap≈ hS°≥aÆq¿ ]≈nbnse hn. aZv_lmbn¬ ip{iqjn®pw
X\n°p a\ nemb Imcy߃ a‰p≈hcpambn ]¶phbv°m≥ B{K-
ln®psIm≠mWv Cu ]pkvXIw {]kn≤oIcn°p∂Xv. F{X ]Tn-
®mepw XocmØ hnjbamWv hn. Ip¿∫m\bpw, IqZmiIfpw. hfsc
kq£n®v ssIImcyw sNbvXns√¶n¬, hfsc Adnhp≈h¿°p t]mepw
henb A_≤ßfp≠mImhp∂ taJebpamWnXv. AXpsIm≠v kz¥-
amb hymJym\߃s°m∂pw apXncmsX ]mcºcya\pkcn®v tI´pw
hmbn®padn™ Imcy߃ hfsc efnXambn AhXcn∏n®ncn°pI-
bmWv. hn. Ip¿∫m\bnse A\pjvTm\ßfpsS hnhcWhpw, I¿Ω-
߃, hm°pIƒ, {]XoI߃, ]qPmhkvXp°ƒ, D]IcW߃ XpS-
ßnbhbpsS A¿∞kqN\IfpamWv ChnsS \¬Inbncn°p∂Xv.
Hm¿ØtUmIvkv hnizmka\pkcn®v Bcm[\bpsS t\cn´p≈
A\p`hØneqsSbpw XpS¿®bmb ]¶mfnØØneqsSbpamWv A≤ym-
flnI clkyßsf \mw a\ nem°p∂Xv. CXmWv ImXemb Adnhv.
]pkvXIØneqsSbpw {]kwKØneqsSbpw \ap°v Acm[\sb°pdn®v
e`n°p∂ _p≤n]camb AdnhpIƒ ImXemb A\p`h⁄m\sØ
klmbnt®°pw. ]t£, AXn\p ]Icw \n¬°pIbn√. ssIkcy-
9 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
bnse henb am¿ _tkentbmkv (\memw \q‰m≠v) Znhy⁄m\sØ
Hcp ^ehr£tØmSmWv D]an°p∂Xv. \mw Hcp ^ehr£w \´p-
hf¿Øp∂Xv AXn¬ \n∂v ^ew e`n°m\mWv. amthm πmthm \Sp-
tºmƒ Ah bYmkabw Imbv®v ^ew e`n°Wsa∂v \mw {]Xo£n-
°p∂p. Hcn°epw Imbp≠mImsX, Xg®p hfcpI am{Xw sNbvXm¬
\ap°v \ncmibp≠mIpw. F∂m¬ \√ ^eßtfmsSm∏w acØn¬
lcnXm`bWn™ [mcmfw CeIfpw sImºpIfpaps≠¶n¬ \ap°v
IqSpX¬ kt¥mjamWv. ^etØmsSm∏w `wKnbpaps≠¶n¬ \∂v.
CXpt]msebmWv \ΩpsS IeIfpw kmlnXyhpw hn⁄m\hpsa√mw
F∂v hn. _tkentbmkv ]dbp∂p. BXy¥nIambn Znhy⁄m\hpw
\∑bpw a\pjykvt\lhpamIp∂ ^e߃ Ah \¬IWw. ^eß-
fns√¶n¬, AhbpsS `wKn°v A¿∞an√. \√ ^ew \¬Ip∂ \√
hr£amhWw \ΩpsS Bcm[\. AXn\p hfhpw sh≈hpsams°
\¬Im≥ klmbn°pw CØcw ]T\߃.
Bflob ImcyØn¬ \√ D’mlhpw Pn⁄mkbpap≈ bphm-
hmWv SntPm. Xs‚ {]mbØns‚bpw Adnhns‚bpw ]cnanXnIƒ°p-
≈n¬ e`n® k¬^eßsf a‰p≈hcpsS {]tbmP\Øn\mbn {]kn-
≤oIcn°p∂Xn¬ \ap°p kt¥mjn°mw. Cu bph ktlmZc\v F√m
\∑Ifpw t\cp∂p.
^m. tUm. sI. Fw. tPm¿Pv
Hm¿ØtUmIvkv sshZnIskan\mcn
tIm´bw
am¿tØmΩm «olmbpsS c‡km£n Zn\w, 2007
10 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw 11 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw

A®Snbpw ]q¿Ønbm°nb tkm^nb _pIvkn\pw AXns‚ kmcYn

hmMvapJw tPmbvkv tXm´bv°mSn\pw Ih¿ Unssk≥ sNbvX AeIvkn\pw,
sNdp∏w apXte ]s¶SpØphcp∂XmWv kvXpXnsNm∆m°s∏´ Chbnsems° D]cnbmbn Rm≥ \SØnb kzImcy At\zjWsØ
Hm¿ØtUmIvkv kpdnbm\nk`bpsS hnip≤ Ip¿∫m\bn¬. ]cnip≤ ]pkvXI cq]Ønem°phm≥ kvt\l]q¿∆w \n¿_‘n® {]ikvX
]nXm°∑m¿ \q‰m≠pIfneqsS A¿∞ kºpjvSambn cq]wsImSp- {KŸImc\pw Fs‚ Kpcp\mY\pamb tUm. F. Fw. DÆnIrjvW-
Øn´p≈XmWv CXns‚ Hmtcm LSIhpw. t\mSpw (_tkentbmkv tImfPv aebmf hn`mKw) a‰v A[ym]I-
t{ijvTtcmSpw CXns‚ {]h¿Ø\ßfn¬ Ft∂msSm∏w {]h¿Øn®
GXm\pw h¿j߃°p apºv tIm´bw `{Zmk\Ønse k¨tU ktlmZcXpeycmb kplrØp°tfmSpap≈ AssIXhamb \µn
kvIqƒ A[ym]I¿°mbn \SØnb ]cnioe\Iymºnse "Hm¿Ø- tcJs∏SpØp∂p.
tUmIvkv Bcm[\bpw D]IcWßfpw' F∂ ¢mkn¬ \n∂p e`n®
hnhc߃ t{ImUoIcn®v k¨tUkvIqƒ hnZym¿∞nIƒ°mbn k`mwKßfpsS ]T\Øn\pw a\\Øn\pambn Cu {KŸw ka¿-
s]mXp¢m pIƒ FSpØph∂p. Fs‚ k¨tUkvIqƒ A[ym]I- ∏n°p∂p.
cpsS t{]cWbm¬ hn. Ip¿∫m\bnse Hmtcmtcm LSIßsfbpw SntPm aWte¬
D]IcWßsfbpw ]‰n Adnbp∂Xn\mbn Zo¿L h¿jßfneqsS \S-
Ønb {iaamWv Cu eLp IrXnbmbn ]ndhnsbSpØncn°p∂Xv. AKm-
[amb thZimkv{X hymJym\w F∂Xnt\°mƒ Hcp km[mcW°m-
cs‚ At\zjWw F∂ \nebnemWv Cu eLp IrXn cq]wsIm≠Xv.
Hcp hnZym¿∞nbpsS ]cn{iaw F∂ \nebn¬ Cu IrXnbn¬
At\Iw ]mfn®Iƒ It≠°mw. F¶nepw A¿∞adn™v hn. Bcm[-
\bn¬ kw_‘n°phm≥ Cu IrXn klmbn°psa¶n¬ Fs‚ Cu
DZyaw k^eambn.
Cu At\zjWØn¬ Fs∂ klmbn® At\Icp≠v. CXn\v
{]uVKw`ocamb Hcp AhXmcnI FgpXn F∂Xnep]cn Cu kwcw-
`sØ AIagn™p t{]m’mln∏n°pIbpw am¿§\n¿t±iw Im´nØ-
cpIbpw sNbvX hS°≥aÆq¿ CShImwKhpw tIm´bw sshZnI skan-
\mcn {]n≥kn∏mfpamb ^m. tUm. sI. Fw. tPm¿Pv Cu IrXnbpsS
cq]hXv I cWØns‚ F√m L´ßfnepw ta¬t\m´w hln®p.
At±ltØmSpw, sX‰pIƒ XncpØnØ∂ ^m. tUm. Fw. tPm¨
]Wn°¿, Fw. Ipcy≥ tXmakv, Fw. sI. a∞n-bm-kv, hS°≥aÆq¿
]≈n hnImcn ^m. Ipdnbmt°mkv amWn F∂nhtcmSpw Cu IrXn-
bpsS `mj ]cntim[n® tUm. hn. F. ^nen∏v (_tkenbkv tImfPv
aebmfhn`mKw), a‰v A[ym]I¿, CXn\v A\p{KlIev]\ \¬Inb
A`nhµy Koh¿Kokv am¿ Cuhm\ntbmkv sa{Xmt∏meoØm, {]kn≤o-
IcWm\paXn \¬Inb t{ijv T \nbp‡ ImtXmen°m_mh
]utemkv am¿ anenØntbmkv F∂nh¿°pw, CXns‚ {]kn≤oIcWw
Gs‰Sp°pIbpw \n›nX kabØn\p≈n¬ Xs∂ ssS∏vsk-‰nwKpw

D≈-S°w
A\p-{Kl ktµiw ˛ ]utemkv am¿ anen-Øn-tbmkv
A\p-{Kl ktµiw ˛ Koh¿Kokv am¿ Cuhm-\n-tbmkv
Ah-Xm-cnI ˛ ^m. tUm. sI. Fw. tPm¿Pv
hmMvapJw
1. hn. Ip¿∫m\bpsS ]›m-Øew
2. cl-ky-amb Hcp° ip{iqj
3. ]cky ip{iq-j-bpsS Bcw`w
4. A\m-t^mdm (hn. Ip¿∫m\)
5. Jfin-∏ns‚ ip{iqj
6. hnip≤-∑m-tcm-Sp≈ kwk¿§w
7. kam-]\ ip{iqj
A\p-_‘w
1. Pohs‚ ]pkvXIw
2. ssZhm-e-bw: ssZh-Øns‚ Bebw
3. aZv_-lmbpw D]-I-c-W-ßfpw
4. tZhm-e-b-Øns‚ D]-hn-`m-K-߃
5. hn. IqZm-i-Iƒ
_nªn-tbm-{K^n
1
hn. Ip¿∫m\bpsS
]›m-Øew
hn. Ip¿∫m\
6
ImtXmenIhpw At∏mkvtXmenIhpamb {InkvXob k`bnse
7 {][m\s∏´ IqZmi, Bcm[\IfpsS aIpSw, {InkvXob PohnXØns‚
tI{µw, IqZmiIfpsS ]q¿ØoIcWw F∂o hntijW߃ hn. Ip¿-
8 ∫m-\-bv°p≠v. Xncp_enbn¬ ]¶mfnIfmbn Xo¿∂v XßsfØs∂
10 ka¿∏n°p∂Xpw, I¿Ømhns\ ]pXpXmbn {]m]n°p∂Xpamb Hcp
henb IqZmibmWv hn. Ip¿∫m\. I¿Ømhns‚ Xncp_enbn¬ \mw
13 hn. Ip¿∫m\bneqsS ]¶mfnIfmbn Xocp∂Xn\m¬ hn. Ip¿∫m\
25 _enbmWv. ""Fs‚ Hm¿Ωbv°mbn C{]Imcw sNbvho≥'' (eqt°mkv
22:19) F∂ I¿ØrIev]\ {]Imcw \mw A∏ho™pIƒ hmgvØp-
31 Ibpw I¿Ømhns‚ Xncp_enbpsS AtX _en km[\ßfmb icoc
43 c‡ßƒ \mw A\p`hn°pIbpw \sΩØs∂ _enbmbn ka¿-
∏n°pIbpw sNøp∂Xn\m¬ hn. Ip¿∫m\bn¬ IqSn I¿Ømhns\
52 ]pXpXmbn {]m]n°pIbpw sNøp∂p.
58 Ip¿∫m\ F∂ ]ZØns‚ A¿∞w
61 Ip¿∫m\ F∂ ]ZØn\v ImgvN, hgn]mSv, ka¿∏Ww, bmKw, _en,
kΩm\w, clkyw F∂nßs\ ]e A¿∞߃ D≠v. Ip¿t_mt\m
F∂ kpdnbm\n ]ZØn¬ \n∂mWv Ip¿∫m\ F∂ ]Zw cq]w
66 sIm≠Xv.
68 hn. Ip¿∫m\bv°v hnhn[ \ma߃ D≠v. \Ωnep≈ `n∂ Pohs\
GI ssZhtØmSv tbmPn∏n°p∂XpsIm≠v tbmPyX (Iv\pintbm)
70
F∂pw, I¿Ømhpambn kwk¿§w D≠m°p∂Xn\m¬ kwk¿§w
75 (iutØm∏qskm) F∂pw, kz¿Kobcpw `uaoIcpw AI∂hcpw ASp-
Øhcpw HØptNcp∂Xn\m¬ Iq´mbva (Iptdms_m) F∂pw, ]m]]cn-
76
lmcw \evIp∂Xn\m¬ bmKw AYhm _en (sZ_slm) F∂pw,
82 amfnIbn¬ h®v clkyambn injy∑msc Gev]n®Xn\m¬ clkyw
(tdmskm) F∂pw, F√m IqZmiIfpsSbpw ]q¿ÆX hn. Ip¿∫m\-
bn¬ IqSn BbXn\m¬ ]q¿ÆXbpsS ]q¿ÆX (‹o\qkv ‹n¿-
thmskm) F∂pw, hnizmknIƒ ]nXmhmb ssZhw a\pjy\v \¬In-
14 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw 15 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw

bn´p≈ c£bv°pw A\p{Kl߃°pambn kvXpXnbpw kvtXm{Xhpw {]tXyIXbmWv.

ka¿∏n°p∂XpsIm≠v kvtXm{Xw (Fhp°mdnkvXnb) F∂pw D≈
7. hn. Ip¿∫m\bv°v ]pfn∏p≈ A∏amWv D]tbmKn°p∂Xv.
hnhn[ \ma߃ ]dbp∂p.
8. C{kmtb¬°m¿°v acp`qanbn¬ h®v AXXv ZnhktØbv°p≈
hn. Ip¿∫m\bpsS Dt±iyw a∂ AXXv Znhkw Xs∂ e`n®Xpt]mse, A∂∂p Xømdm°p∂
\ΩpsS I¿Ømhv sklntbm≥ amfnIbn¬ h®v Xs‚ A¥y A∏amWv hn. Ip¿∫m\bv°v D]tbmKn°p∂Xv.
AØmg kabØv hn. Ip¿∫m\ ÿm]n°p∂Xn\p apºpXs∂ hn. 9. Hcp Znhkw Hcp ]ptcmlnX≥ H∂n¬ IqSpX¬ Ip¿∫m\ A¿-
Ip¿∫m\bpsS alXzw, Dt±iyw, Bhiyw F∂nhsb°pdn®v kqNn- ∏n°m≥ ]mSn√. AXpt]mseXs∂ P\ßfpw H∂n¬ IqSpX¬ Ip¿-
∏n®Xmbn kphntijßfn¬ ImWp∂p. ∫m\ A\p`hn°m≥ ]mSn√. t{XmtWmkv, X_vsseØm F∂nhbpw
1. ]m]tamN\Øn\v aØmbn 26:28 Hcp Znhkw H∂ne[nIw {]mhiyw Ip¿∫m\bv°pth≠n D]tbmKn-
2. Poh\p≠mIphm≥ tbml. 6:51 °phm≥ ]mSn√. temIØn\v apgph\pwth≠nbp≈ GI _enbmbn-
3. \nXyPoh\p≠mhm≥ '' 6:54 cp∂p Im¬hdnbnse _en. B _enbn¬ ]¶mfnIfmbn Xocp∂h¿°v
4. ]p\cp∞m\Øn\v '' 5:28, 29 hn. Ip¿∫m\ X∑qew Hcp Znhkw H∂n¬ IqSpX¬ Bhiyan√.
5. ssZhw \Ωn¬ hkn°p∂Xn\v '' 6:56 10. hn. k`-bpsS hn. Ip¿∫m\ kºq¿Æamb Bcm[\bmWv.
Hm¿ØtUmIvkv k`bn¬ hn. Ip¿∫m\bv°p≈ AXn¬ kvXpXn, kvtXm{Xw, A\pXm]w, At]£, a≤yÿ{]m¿∞\,
ÿm\hpw {]tXyIXIfpw ka¿∏Ww Chsb√mw D≠v.

Hm¿ØtUmIvkv Bcm[\bpsS aIpSw hn. Ip¿∫m\bmWv. AXv
IqZmiIfpsS IqZmibpw as‰√m IqZmiIsfbpw ]q¿Ønbm°p∂Xp-
amIp∂p.
1. Hm¿ØtUmIvkv k`bnse hn. Ip¿∫m\bv°v Ipcniv, X_v-
sseØm, sagpIpXncnIƒ, Imkm]oemkIƒ, [q]°p‰n, {]tXyI
hkv{X߃, {]tXyIhncnIƒ apXemb {]XoI߃°v henb ÿm\-
ap≠v. BIbm¬ [z\ymflIamWv.
2. I¿Ømhns‚ a\pjymhXmcØnse apgph≥ kw`hßsfbpw
hn. Ip¿∫m\bn¬ A\pkvacn°p∂p.
3. Poht\msS Ccn°p∂h¿ am{Xa√ hmßnt∏mbhcpw, hnip≤-
∑mcpw, amemJamcpw (AXmbXv kz¿Kobcpw `uaoIcpw) ktΩ-fn-
°p∂ alØmb aplq¿ØamWv hn. Ip¿∫m\.
4. thZ]pkvXI `mKßfm¬ kº∂amWv.
5. tZlw, tZln, Bflmhv, _p≤n, a\ v, ]t©{µnb߃ XpSßn
a\pjy hy‡nXzØns‚ k¿∆Xe߃°pw ]s¶Sp°phm≥ Ignbp∂-
XmWv \ΩpsS hn. Ip¿∫m\.
6. hn. Ip¿∫m\bn¬ ]cnip≤mflmhnt\mSp≈ {]m¿∞\ as‰mcp
hn. Ip¿∫m\bn¬ Fßs\ kw_‘n°Ww?
hn. Ip¿∫m\bn¬ Fßs\ kw_‘n°Wsa∂v timi∏m
BtLmjØns‚ kabØp≈ ip{iqjIs‚ DZvt_m[\Øn¬ \n∂v
\ap°v a\ nemIpw.
""`wKntbmSpw,‘`btØmSpw, hW°tØmSpw, shSnt∏mSpw, hnip≤n-
tbmSpw, kvt\ltØmSpw, kXyhnizmktØmSpw, \√ ssZh`‡n-
tbmSpw IqsS \n∂v thWw'' hn. Ip¿∫m\bn¬ kw_‘n°phm≥.
\akv I mcßfnepw hn. Ip¿∫m\bnepw I¿Ør{]m¿∞\bn¬
ssIIƒ ae¿Øn∏nSn°pIbpw a‰v Ahkcßfn¬ ssIIƒ s\©-
ØvsI´n \n¬°pItbm ssIIq∏n \n¬°pItbm sNøWw. A{i-≤-
tbmsS ]pdIn¬ ssI sI´n\nev°p∂Xv icnb√. {]XnhmIyßfpw
KoXßfpw a\x]mTambn Adnbmsa¶nepw Ignhp≈StØmfw ]pkvX-
Iwt\m°n A£ckv^pSXtbmsS D∂Xi_vZØn¬ sNm√Ww.
AXpt]mse Ipfn®v icocip≤n hcpØnbpw Ignbp∂Xpw Ae°n
shSn∏m°nb sh≈hkv{Xw [cn®v `£Ww Ign°msXbpamWv hn.
Ip¿∫m\bn¬ kw_‘nt°≠Xv.
16 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
hn. Ip¿∫m\bv°p≈ Hcp°w
1. ]cnip≤ dqlmbpsS \SØn∏n\mbp≈ ImØncn∏pw [ym\hpw
GsXmcp {][m\ kwKXnbpw Hcp°w IqSmsX sNøpI icnb√.
[ym\Øn\pw {]m¿∞\bv°pw \Ωn¬ ]m]t_m[ap≠m°p∂Xn\p
km[n-°pw. ssZhkvt\lØm¬ \ndbp∂Xn\v ]cnip≤ dqlmbpsS
klmbw BhiyamWv.
2. ktlmZcßtfmSp≈ \nc∏mI¬
ktlmZcßtfmSp \nc∏mImsX \tΩbpw Ahscbpw Hcpt]mse
kvt\ln°p∂ ssZhtØmSv \nc∏mImt\m ssZhlnXØn\v \sΩ
Øs∂ ka¿∏n°phmt\m km[ya√ F∂p kphntijßfn¬ IqSn
(hn. aØmbn 5:23, 24, 6:12) I¿Ømhv \sΩ ]Tn∏n®p.
3. ssZhØn¬ \n∂p≈ ]m]tamN\e_v[n
ssZhØn¬\n∂v ]m]tamN\w {]m]n°msX hn. Ip¿∫m\bn¬
kw_‘n°p∂Xv ]m]amWv F∂v hn. ]utemkv «olm (1 tImcn.
11:27˛29) ]dbp∂p. ]m]tamN\Øn\p≈ am¿§w hn. IpºkmcamWv.
4. ]pXnb PohnXØn\p≈ Hcp°w
taev]d™Xpt]mse ip≤oIcn°s∏Sp∂Xn\v ]pdta ]pXnb
PohnXØn\p≈ Hcp°hpw hn. Ip¿∫m\bn¬ kw_‘n°p∂
Bƒ°v D≠mbncn°Ww. `mhnsb∏‰n ]. dqlmbpsS klmbtØmsS
\mw Nn¥n°pIbpw ImØncn°pIbpw sNøWw. ImcWw, hn. Ip¿∫m-
\bn¬ \mw ssZhtØmSp≈ DSºSnsb ]pXp°phm≥ t]mhpIbmWv.
5. euInI Imcyßfn¬ \n∂p≈ th¿]mSv
taev]d™ [ym\Øn\pw a‰pw Ahkcw e`n°p∂Xn\v euInI
Imcyßfn¬ \n∂pw Nn¥Ifn¬ \n∂pw XteZnhkw k‘y apX¬
Hgn™ncn°Ww. au\w ]men®v ssZhnI kwk¿§Ønepw thZ-
]pkvXI hmb\bnepw G¿s∏SWw. 1 tImcn. 7:5˛¬ ]dbp∂Xpt]mse
`mcym`¿Øm°∑m¿ {hXØnembncn°Ww. ]gb\nbaImeØpw CXp
Xs∂ Bbncp∂p {]amWw (1 iapth¬ 21:4).
6. D]hmkw
hn. Ip¿∫m\ kzoIcn°p∂Xn\v apºv {]`mXØn¬ bmsXm∂pw
Xn∂pItbm IpSn°pItbm sNøcpXv. hn. Ip¿∫m\bneqsS {InkvXp
\Ωnte°v hcp∂Xns‚ {]Xo£bpsSbpw _lpam\Øns‚bpw
17 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
{]XoIamWv Cu D]hmkw. D]hkn°p∂tXmsSm∏w ]m]Øn¬
\n∂pw Xn∑bn¬ \n∂pw th¿Xncn™ncn°Wsa∂pw ]nXm°∑m¿
]Tn∏n°p∂p. ]gb\nbaImeØpw hn. bmKkabØv D]hmkw A\p-
jvTn®ncp∂Xmbn ImWp∂p (1 iap. 9:13). hn. Ip¿∫m\ A\p`hn°p-
∂h¿°p am{Xa√, Bcm[\bn¬ kw_‘n°p∂ F√mh¿°pw ta¬-
]d™ Hcp°ßƒ BhiyamWv.
7. Bfl]cntim[\
]. ]utemkv «olm ]dbp∂Xpt]mse hn. Ip¿∫m\bv°p≈
Hcp°Øn\v kzbw]cntim[\ BhiyamWv. {]m¿∞\ t]mse Hcp
{InkvXym\nbpsS A\pZn\ PohnXØn¬ \StØ≠ H∂mWv Bfl-
]cntim[\. Xs‚ PohnXØn¬ \n∂v ^ew ]pds∏Sphn°mØ imJ-
Isf sh´n\o°Ww. Hcphs\ tbmKyX D≈h\m°nØo¿°pI F∂-
X√ ]ns∂tbm Ahs‚ AtbmKyXIsf∏‰n t_m[ap≠mIm\pw AXv
A\pXm]Ønte°v \bn°phm\pamWv Bfl]cntim[\.
8. {]m¿∞\
hn. Ip¿∫m\ A\p`hn°p∂Xn\p apºpw ]nºpw k`m]nXm°∑m¿
cNn®n´p≈ {]m¿∞\ A¿∞]q¿Æambpw, XmgvatbmSpw, Ah\hs‚
AtbmKyXIsf∏‰nbp≈ t_m[tØmSpw, A\pXm]tØmSpw IqSn
{]m¿∞n°Ww. CXpIqSmsX A\pXm]Øns‚ akpaqdIƒ hmbn®v
[ym\n°pIbpw thWw.
9. A\pXm]w
Hcph≥ Ft∏mgpw I¿Ømhns\ kao]n°p∂Xv IcpWbv°pw,
Ah\n¬ \n∂p≈ klmb߃°pth≠nbp≈ At]£tbmsSbpw
BWv (F{_m. 4:16). \njvIf¶amb hnizmkhpw kXym\pXm]hp-
amWv XpS¿®bmbp≈ hn. Ip¿∫m\m\p`hØn\v \sΩ Hcp°p∂Xv.
Hmtcm Xh-Wbpw hn. Ip¿∫m\m\p`hØn\p apºv hn. Ipºkmcw
\StØ≠Xns√¶nepw ]m]]cnlmcØn\pth≠nbp≈ {]m¿∞\
\n›bambpw kzoIcn°Ww. ITn\amb ]m]߃ sNbvXp F∂p
t_m[yap≠mbm¬ hn. Ipºkmcw \SØnbn´p thWw hn. Ip¿∫m\
A\p`hn°phm≥.
10. £a
hn. Ip¿∫m\bn¬ kw_‘n°p∂Xn\p apºv ]nW°ßfpw hg-
°pIfpw ]ckv]cw £an®ncn°Ww. I¿Ømhv Xs‚ Kncn{]`mjW-
18 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
Øn¬ CXv {]tXyIw Hm¿Ωn∏n®ncn°p∂p (hn. aØm. 5:23, 24). tbip-
{InkvXphn¬ \n∂v e`n® £an°p∂ kvt\lw a‰p≈hcpambn ]¶p-
hbv°Ww. F¶n¬ am{Xta ""RßfpsS IS°mtcmSv R߃ £an®-
Xpt]mse RßfpsS ISßfpw ]m]ßfpw RßtfmSp £an°Wta''
F∂v A¿∞]q¿Æambn {]m¿∞n°phm≥ \ap°v km[n°pIbp≈q.
AXpt]mse kvt\lw IqSmsX, ssZhI¬]\tbmSp≈ A\pk-
cWw IqSmsX, ]m]ßsf∏‰nbp≈ A\pXm]w IqSmsX, hntZzjw
a\kn¬ h®psIm≠v,‘`‡nsb°pdn®p≈ Al¶mctØmsS, hnip-
≤s\∂ A`n\btØmsS h∂m¬ hn. Ip¿∫m\m\p`hw A\p{Kl-
{]Zambncn°pIbn√.
BIbm¬ Bfl]cntim[\, ]. dqlmbpsS \SØn∏n\mbp≈
ImØncn∏pw [ym\hpw, Hcp°w, D]hmkw, {]m¿∞\, A\pXm]w,
£a, euInIImcyßfn¬ \n∂p≈ th¿]mSv F∂nhsb√mw hn. Ip¿-
∫m\ kw_‘amb Hcp°Øn\v BhiyamWv.
Bcm[\bn¬ ]utcmlnXyØns‚
{]tXyI {]m[m\yhpw NpaXebpw
hn. k`bmWv hn. Ip¿∫m\ A¿∏n°p∂Xv. CXnse {][m\ Im¿-
ΩnI≥ tbipaninlmbmWv. Ft^. 5:23˛¬ ]dbp∂Xpt]mse bYm¿-
∞a\pjy\pw k`bpsS Xebpsa∂ \nebn¬ Xm≥ Xs∂bmWv
{][m\ Im¿ΩnI\mbn {]h¿Øn°p∂Xv. AXpsIm≠mWv hn. Ip¿-
∫m\bn¬ an° {]m¿∞\Ifpw ]nXmhmw ssZhsØ kwt_m[\
sNbvXpsIm≠v sNm√p∂Xv.
]utcmlnXym[nImcØneqsSbmWv {InkvXp IqZmiIfn¬ {]h¿-
Øn°p∂Xv. AXp IqSmsX clkyØns‚ ]q¿ØoIcWw km≤ya√.
F∂m¬ ]ptcmlnX≥ k`bmIp∂ {InkvXphns‚ icocØnse AwK-
ßfn¬ Hcph≥ am{XamWv. {InkvXphns‚ icocØnse a‰wKßsf
IqSmsX hn. Ip¿∫m\ A\pjvTn°phm≥ ]ptcm-lnX\v km[n°p-
Ibn√. AXn\memWv hn. Ip¿∫m\ A¿∏n-°p-hm≥ Ipd™Xv aq∂p-
t]¿ thWsa∂v \nbaap≈Xv. ]ptcmlnX\pw P\ßfpw AwKßfmb
hn. k`bmWv hn. Ip¿∫m\ A\pjvTn°p∂Xv. Bcm[\ÿeØv
imcocnIambn k∂nlnXcmbhcpw, amemJamcpw, ]cnip≤∑mcpw,
BZmw apX¬ {InkvXphns‚ c≠masØ hchp hsc ssZhsØ
{]kmZn∏n°p∂ k¿∆cpw, F√m XeapdIfpw, hwißfpw hn. k`bn¬
Dƒs∏Spw.
19 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
]utcmlnXyw
hn. k`bn¬ G‰hpw {][m\s∏´ ip{iqj ]utcmlnXyØnt‚-
XmWv. AXv alm]ptcmlnX≥, Kpcp, \√ CSb≥ F∂o {InkvXphns‚
Xs∂ ]utcmlnXyip{iqjbpsS aq∂p `mh߃ \ne\n¿Øp∂p.
{InkvXphns‚ ]utcmlnXyw k`bn¬ \ne\n¿Øp∂Xv Hcp {]tXyI
]utcmlnXy LS\bnemWv. Ah F∏nkvtIm∏ (taev]´°mc≥),
Iioi (]´°mc≥), siΩmi≥ (ip{iqjI≥) F∂nhbmWv. ]utcm-
lnXyØns‚ ]q¿ÆX taev]´°mc\n¬ ÿnXnsNøp∂p. At±lw
Xs‚ ]utcmlnXy NpaXeIƒ ]´°mtcmSpIqSn ]¶pshbv°p∂p.
siΩmi\v IuZminI A[nImcan√ ˛ ]cnI¿Ωn am{XamWv.
I¿Ømhns‚ IuZminI km∂n[ysØ kqNn∏n°p∂ F∏nkv-
tIm∏bpsS Im¿ΩnIXzØn¬ hn. Ip¿∫m\ A¿∏n°s∏Sp∂p. F∏n-
kvt°m∏ (ta¬]´°mc≥) F√m CS-hI - b
- nepw D≠m-bn-cn-°pI km[y-
a√m-Ø-Xn-\m¬ At±-l-Øns‚ {]Xn-\n-[n-bmbn Iioim (]-´-°m-c≥)
bpsS {][m\ Im¿ΩnIXzØn¬ hn. Ip¿∫m\ A¿∏n°p∂p.
hn. Ip¿∫m\ A¿∏n°ptºmƒ ]ptcmlnX≥ ssZhØns‚bpw a\p-
jycpsSbpw {]Xn\n[nbpw, ssZhØn\pw a\pjy¿°panSbn¬ a≤y-
ÿ\pamWv. Iptd°qSn hniZam°pIbmW¶n¬ Xmsg]dbp∂ Ah-
ÿIfn¬ ]ptcmlnX≥ {]h¿Øn°p∂p.
1. ]ptcmlnX≥ {InkvXphns‚ Zriycq]ambn Bio¿hmZhpw ]m]-
tamN\hpw \¬Ip∂p.
2. tbipaninlmbmIp∂ GI a≤yÿs‚ {]XoIambn a\p-
jy¿°pth≠n ssZhtØmSp {]m¿∞n°p∂p.
3. ]ptcmlnX≥ P\sØsb√mw X∂n¬ Xs∂ sFIys∏SpØn
"R߃' F∂ _lphN\ap]tbmKn®v P\Øns‚ {]Xn\n[nbmbn
{]m¿∞n°p∂p
4. ]ptcmlnX\n¬ IqSn ssZhw ]m]tamN\Øns‚ ssZhoIZm\-
ßfpw ]cnip≤mflmhns‚ Ir]bpw \nXyPohs‚ `£Whpw \¬-
Ip∂p.
5. Hcp hy‡nsb∂ \nebnepw Hcp ]´°mcs\∂ \nebnepw ssZh-
tØmSp {]m¿∞n°pIbpw X\n°pth≠n ssZhtØmSv {]m¿∞n°-
Wsa∂v At]£n°pIbpw sNøp∂p.
]ptcmlnXs‚ A[nImcw P\ßfn¬ \n∂√ e`n°p∂Xv. tbml.
20 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
15:16, F{_m. 5:4, 5 F∂o thZ`mKßfn¬ ]dbp∂Xpt]mse ssZh-
Øn¬ \n∂mWv e`n°p∂Xv.
ssZhØn¬ \n∂v A[nImcw e`n°msX kz¥w \nebn¬ H∂pw
sNbvhm≥ A[nImcw Cs√∂p kqNn∏n°Ø°hÆw Awihkv{X-
߃ [cn®nt´ ]´°mc≥ IqZmiIƒ A\pjvTn°p∂p≈p. `uanIamb
a\pjykaqlsØ ssZhØns‚ k`bnte°p cq]m¥cs∏SpØpI
F∂Xv ]ptcmlnXs‚ {]tXyI ZuXyamWv. {InkvXphns‚ icocam-
Ip∂ k`bnte°v kaqlsØ cq]m¥cs∏SpØphm≥ {InkvXphns‚
]utcmlnXyØns‚ Ir] ]ptcmlnX≥ kzoIcn®n´p≠v. Aßs\
P\Øn\pth≠n \nban°s∏Sp∂ ]ptcmlnX≥ P\Øns‚ Bflob-
]nXmhpw \mbI\pw Zmk\pambn {]h¿Øn°p∂p.
]ptcmlnX≥ Bcmbncn°Ww?
\nXyalm]ptcmlnX\mb tbip{InkvXphns‚ IuZminIkm∂n-
[yhpw {]Xncq]hpamIp∂ ]ptcmlnX≥ PohnXcoXnbnepw {]h¿Øn-
bnepw {InkvXphns\ t]msebmtI≠XmWv. Iioim ""X∂n¬ Ip‰w
Is≠Øs∏SmØh\pw, GI `mcybpsS `¿Ømhmbncn°p∂h\pw,
Xs‚ \ncq]Wbn¬ DW¿hp≈h\pw, ]cn]mIXbp≈h\pw, {Iaap-
≈h\pw, im¥\pw, Ieln°mØh\pw, {Zhym{Klw C√mØh\pw,
kz¥w IpSpw_sØ \∂mbn `cn°p∂h\pw, a°sf ]q¿Æ Kuch-
tØmsS A\pkcWØn¬ ]men°p∂h\pw Bbncn°Ww. aZy{]n-
b\pw X√pImc\pw Bbncn°pIbpacpXv'' (1 Xotam. 3:2˛4).
tbip Xs∂Øs∂ _enb¿∏n®Xpt]mse ]ptcmlnX\pw a‰p≈-
hcpsS \∑bv°pth≠n XymKa\p`hn∏m≥ k∂≤\mbncn°Ww.
]ptcmlnX≥ `uaoIsc kz¿Kobcpw, arKobsc ssZhoIcpam°nØo¿-
°p∂Xn\p≈ hgnIm´nIfpw, ImWs∏SmhX√mØ ssZhØns‚
ÿm\]XnIfpw (2 tImcn. 5:20), Xs‚ k`bv°v G¬∏n°s∏´ncn°p∂
hn. IqZmiIsf ip{iqjn°p∂h\pw BIp∂p (At∏m 6:4). HcpØ\v
kzta[bm Cu ÿm\sØ {]m]n∏m≥ Ignbp∂X√ (F{_m. 5:4).
""ssZhØns‚ CjvS{]Imcw Xncs™Sp°s∏Sp∂h¿°p ainlm-
bn¬ \n∂p≈ ssIhbv]v hgnbmbn taev]´°mcn¬\n∂pw ssIhbv]p
{]m]n®h¿°pw am{Xw Ccn°p∂XmIp∂p'' (1 Xotam. 4:14, tbml.
20:22, 23, 2 Xotam. 2:2, XotØm. 1:5) F∂t{X hn. h´t»cn¬ am¿
Zoh∂mtkymkv sa{Xmt∏meoØm atXm]tZikmc߃ F∂ ]pkvX-
IØn¬ ]d™ncn°p∂Xv. AXpt]mse A`njn‡\mbh≥ hnImc-
ßfn¬ \n∂v ap‡\pw ]cnip≤\pamIbm¬ C∂pw F∂pw kºq¿-
21 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
Æw Cuizc\v ka¿∏n°s∏´h\mIp∂p.
""Hcp sshZnI≥ H∂maXmbn icocØn¬ am{Xa√ Bflmhnepw
]cnip≤\pw Akv]rjvS]m]\pw Bbncn°Ww. c≠maXmbn Xs‚
]pdtabp≈ s]cpam‰Ønepw ]Xnhmbp≈ {]h¿Ø\ßfnepw am{X-
a√ B¥camb `mh\bnepw hn\bm\znX\mbncn°Ww. IqSmsX Znhy-
thZn°p apºn¬ ]hn{Xamb Ip¿∫m\bv°v \n¬°ptºmƒ Abmsf-
t∏mgpw A¥cm Cuizcs\ [ym\n°Ww'' F∂v hn. sska¨ ^ntem-
°menb F∂ t{ijvT {KŸØn¬ ]d™ncn°p∂p. AXpt]mse
temIc£°mbn kz¿temI kpJ߃ shSn™v tIhew Zmk\mbn
{Iqinse acWtØmfw A\pkcWbp≈h\mbnXo¿∂p (^nen. 2:8),
tbip{InkvXphnep≈ `mhw \nßfnepw D≠mbncn°s´ (^nen. 2.5)
F∂o hmIy߃ ]ptcmlnX≥ A\z¿∞am°Ww. IioimbpsS
ÿm\mtcmlWw, A[nImcw, ÿm\Zm\hpw XS ImcWhpw
F∂nh lqZmtbm Imt\m≥ 7˛mw A[ymbw 3, 4, 5 JfinIbn¬
]d™ncn°p∂p.
siΩmi≥
siΩmi≥ F∂ hm°ns‚ A¿∞w ip{iqjI≥ F∂mWv. BZna
\q‰m≠pIfn¬ taiIfn¬ ip{iqjn∏m\pw k`bpsS A\pZn\ Pohn-
XØnse {IaoIcWØn\pambn´mbncp∂p siΩmi∑msc \nban®n-
cp∂Xv. c≠mw \q‰m≠n¬ Bcm[\bn¬ F∏nkvt°m∏msb klmbn-
°p∂ NpaXe siΩmit‚Xmbn. siΩmi≥ ]´°mc\pw P\Øn\p-
anSbn¬ a≤yÿ\pamWv. {]m¿∞n°p∂Xn\v P\sØ Blzm\w
sNøpIbpw Bcm[\bn¬ P\sØ \bn°pIbpw sNøp∂p. {][m\
\nanjßfn¬ P\ßfpsS {i≤sb ssZhØn¶te°v Xncn°p∂ ]e
Blzm\ßfpw \¬Ip∂p F∂p am{Xa√, ]ptcmlnX\v klmbn
Bbn \nesIm≈pIbpw sNøp∂p. C∂v Iioim ÿm\tØ°p≈
Hcp Nhn´p]Snbmbn´mWv siΩmis‚ ÿm\sØ ImWp∂Xv. _en
A\pjvTm\Øn¬ ip{iqjn°p∂ siΩmi∑m¿ (ip{iqjI¿) kz¿-
Kob Bcm[\bv°p≈ amemJamsc {]Xn\n[m\w sNøp∂p. alm`-
b¶chpw `bapfhm°p∂Xpamb _en]oTØnse _enA\pjvTm\-
Øn¬ {IaoIcW߃ sNøp∂Xv AhcmWv. BhiyØn\v siΩm-
i∑msc e`ya√mXncp∂Xn\memWv ae¶ck`bn¬ B ÿm\Øv
ip{iqjIsc A\phZn®Xv . _en]oTØns‚ {IaoIcWØn¬
{InkvXp Xs∂ A¿∏n°p∂Xpt]mse amemJam¿ Zriy Bcm[\-
bpsS ]pdIn¬ bYm¿∞ambpw k∂nlnXcmWv.
22 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
P\߃
P\ßsf∂p ]dbp∂Xv hn. amtamZokmbpw hn. aqtdm\`ntjIhpw
{]m]n® hnizmknIfpsS kaqlamWv. ssZhP\sa∂pw {InkvXphns‚
icocsa∂pw P\Øn\v ]dbmw. ""\nßtfm A‘ImcØn¬ \n∂v
Xs‚ AZv`pX{]ImiØnte°v \nßsf hnfn®hs‚ kXvKpWßsf
tLmjn∏m≥ X°hÆw Xncs™Sp°s∏´ Hcp PmXnbpw cmPIob
]ptcmlnXh¿Khpw hnip≤hwihpw kz¥P\hpw IcpW e`n® ssZh-
P\hp''sa∂mWv hn. ]t{Xmkv «olm P\sØ°pdn®v ]dbp∂Xv (1
]t{Xmkv 2:9, 10). Altcms\ ]ptcmlnX\mbn sXcs™SpØv
ssXew sIm≠v A`ntjIw sNbvXXpt]mse (]pd. 29:7) hn. amtam-
Zokmbn¬ hn. aqtdm≥ A`ntjIw {]m]n®hcmb P\߃ ]ptcmln-
Xh¿Kambn Xocp∂p F¶nepw I¿Ømhns‚ {]XoIambn IqZmiI-
fn¬ {]h¿Øn°p∂Xn\p≈ AhImiw AXn\v A[nImcw e`n®-
h¿°v am{Xap≈XmWv. F∂m¬ P\߃°v {]Xy£yamtbm ]tcm-
£amtbm ]¶n√mØ Hcp `mKhpw hn. Bcm[\bn¬ Cs√∂p≈-
Xn\m¬ G‰hpw kPohhpw kq{][m\hpamb ÿm\amWv P\߃°v
Bcm[\bn¬ D≈Xv.
hn. Ip¿∫m\bnse hmIyßfpw {]XnhmIyßfpw ]cntim[n®m¬
{]m¿∞\bn¬ P\߃°p≈ ]¶mfnØw a\ nem°phm≥
km[n°pw.
DZm. Ipdntbembntkm≥ (I¿Ømth IcpW sNøWta) F∂p
sNm√p∂Xns‚ A¿∞w apºp sNm√nb {]m¿∞\ tI´v DØcacpfn
IcpW sNøWsa∂mWv. AXpt]mse ip{iqjI≥ kvsXusa≥Im-
temkv (\mw \√hÆw \n¬°Ww) F∂v Blzm\w sNøptºmƒ
P\߃ {]XnhmIyambn "Ipdntbembntkm≥' F∂p sNm√p∂Xv
]n∂oSv sNm√p∂ {]m¿∞\Iƒ tI´v IcpW sNøWsa∂ A¿∞-
ØnemWv.
]´°mc\pth≠n {]m¿∞n°m\p≈ NpaXebpw P\߃°p≠v.
Xqtbmt_mbv°mbn ]´°mc≥ hn. aZv_lmbn¬ {]thin°ptºmgpw,
hn. Ip¿∫m\bpsS {][m\ `mKØnte°v {]thin°p∂Xn\p apºmbn
hnizmk{]amWw sNm√p∂ kabØpw, hn. Ip¿∫m\ A\p`hn°p-
∂Xn\p apºmbpw, HSphnesØ Bio¿hmZw \¬In P\sØ ]d™-
b°ptºmgpw ]´°mc≥ X\n°pth≠n {]m¿∞n°Wsa∂v Bhiy-
s∏Sp∂p≠v. AXn\\pkcn®p≈ {]XnhmIy߃ sNm√n P\߃
{]m¿∞n°p∂p.
23 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
IrX⁄Xm\n¿`camb kpIrXPohnXw sIm≠p am{Xta hmIy-
{]XnhmIyßfn¬ ]dbp∂Xpt]mse Ct∏mgpw Ft∏mgpw kvXpXn
Itc‰phm≥ km[n°pIbp≈p. CXv Htcm Znhkhpw {]mh¿ØnIam-
°m≥ {ian°p∂ hy‡n°v Hmtcm hn. Ip¿∫m\bnepw kw_‘n°p-
tºmƒ Bcm[\ IqSpX¬ A\p`hap≈Xmbncn°pw. C{]Imcw ka¿-
∏n®ns√¶n¬ C∂p ]ecpw ImWp∂Xpt]mse hn. Ip¿∫m\ shdpw
NSßmbn XocpIbpw, \∂mbn Pohn®m¬ t]mtc, hn. Ip¿∫m\bn¬
kw_‘n°Wtam F∂pw a‰pap≈ sX‰mb \nKa\ßfn¬ sN∂p-
tNcpIbpw sNøpw.
P\߃°v hn. Ip¿∫m\bn¬ kPohamb ÿm\aps≠¶nepw,
Ah¿ ]´°msct∏mse I¿Ømhns‚ icocØnse Ahbhßfpw
cmPIob ]ptcmlnXh¿§Ønse AwKßfpamsW¶nepw, At∏mkv-
tXmenI ssIh∏paqew {]tXyI Ir] e`n®v A[nImcs∏SpØnbn-
´p≈ ]´°mcs‚ {][m\ Im¿ΩnIXzØne√msX hn. Ip¿∫m\ A¿-
∏n°phm≥ ]mSp≈X√. \ΩpsS I¿Ømhns‚ {][m\ Im¿ΩnIXz-
Ønepw ]cnip≤mfl hym]mcØnepw, I¿Ømhns‚ IuZminI
km∂n≤yØns‚ {]XoIamb ]´°mcs‚ Im¿ΩnIXzØn¬ hn. k`
hn. Ip¿∫m\b¿∏n°p∂p. AXn\m¬ F{Xbpw hnip≤ntbmSpw `‡n-
tbmSpw Hcp°tØmSpw IqsS P\߃ hn. Ip¿∫m\bn¬ kw_‘n-
°Ww.
ssZhmebw: ssZhØns‚ Bebw
ssZhw FhnsS hkn°p∂pthm AXmWv ssZhmebw. \mw ssZh-
Øns‚ BebambXn\mepw ssZhw k¿∆hym]nbmbXn\mepw ssZh-
sØ FhnsSh®pw Bcm[n°mhp∂XmWv (tbml. 4:21˛24, 1 tImcn.
3:16). AXpt]mseXs∂ \ΩpsS GsXmcp Nn¥bpw hm°pw {]hr-
Ønbpw ssZhXncpapºn¬ kzoImcyamIØ°hÆw \mw Pohnt°-
≠XmWv. F∂ncp∂mepw ""Rm≥ AhcpsS \Sphn¬ hkn∏m≥ Ah¿
F\n°v Hcp hnip≤ aµncw D≠m°Ww'' (]pd∏mSv 25:8) F∂ btlm-
hbpsS Acpf∏mSv kzoIcn®mWv hnip≤ aµnc߃ \n¿Ωn°p∂Xv.
tamibpsS ImeØn\v apºv bmK]oTßfn¬ Bbncp∂p Bcm[\
\SØnbncp∂Xv. tamibpsS ImeØv btlmhbpsS Iev]\{]Imcw
kamKa\ IqSmcw \n¿Ωn®p. AXn\ptijw itemtam≥ cmPmhns‚
ImeØv bdpitew tZhmebw \n¿Ωn®p ssZhsØ Bcm[n®p
t]m∂p. CXmWv blqZ ]mcºcyw.
24 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
{InkvXym\nIsf ]oUIƒ°p hnt[bcm°nb BZnaImeßfn¬
{]tXyI Beb߃ ]WnbpI km≤ya√mXncp∂Xn\m¬ {InkvXym-
\nIfmbnXo¿∂n´p≈ NnecpsS `h\ßfn¬ h®pw, KplIƒ, hnip≤-
∑mcpsS ihIpSoc߃ F∂nhnSßfn¬ h®pw Bbncp∂p Bcm[-
\Iƒ \SØnh∂ncp∂Xv. ssZhthebv°mbn kzbw ka¿∏n°s∏´
NnecpsS `h\߃ Bbncp∂p BZnak`bnse Bcm[\meb߃.
tdmam km{amPyØnse {InkvXpaXØn\v kzmX{¥yw A\phZn®p-
sIm≠v IpkvX¥ot\mkv N{Ih¿Øn F. Un. 313˛¬ anem\n¬ \n∂pw
]pds∏Sphn® {]Jym]\Øn\ptijw ]m›mXyhpw ]uckvXyhpamb
tZißfn¬ Bcm[\meb߃ AXnat\mlchpw BI¿jIhpamb
hn[Øn¬ ]WnIgn∏n°phm≥ XpS-ßn. ssZhmebw k`bpsS {]Xo-
Ihpw kz¿§Øns‚ Ombbpw BWv. ]≈n IqSmsX k`tbm k`
IqSmsX ]≈ntbm C√. hn. _en]oTØnt∑¬ A∏ho™pIfpsS
cq]Øn¬ ssZh]p{X≥ k∂nlnX\mhpIbpw AZriyk`bnse amem-
JamcpsSbpw hnip≤∑mcpsSbpw kaql߃ ktΩfn°pIbpw
sNøp∂p. AXpsIm≠v tZhmebØn¬ Xmt_m¿ aebnse∂{]Imcw
kz¿§Øns‚ AhXcWw kw`hn°p∂p. k` kz¿§tØmSpw ]dpZo-
ktbmSpw `qantbmSpw _‘s∏SpIbpw Ahsb Dƒs°m≈pIbpw
sNøp∂Xpt]mse, ]≈n hn. aZv_lmtbbpw, Agn°ItØbpw
ssl°emtbbpw Dƒs°m≈p∂p.
25 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
2
cl-ky-amb
Hcp° ip{iqj
hn. Ip¿∫m\ F∂Xv A∏Ønepw ho™nepw tbipainlm Xncpi-
coctØmSpw Xncpc‡tØmSpw IqsS k∂nlnX\mIp∂ IqZmibmWv.
hn. Ip¿∫m\ k`mPohnXØns‚ tI{µamWv. F√m IqZmiIfp-
sSbpw A¿∞w hn. Ip¿∫m\bn¬ tI{µoIcn°s∏Sp∂p. I¿Øm-
hns‚ Dbn¿∏n\ptijw ]cnip≤mflmhns‚ BKa\tØmsS k`
{Iaambn H∂n®pIqSpIbpw A∂papX¬ Ct∂mfw A`wKpcambn hn.
Ip¿∫m\ A\pjvTn®pt]mcpIbpw sNøp∂p.
hn. Ip¿∫m\ {][m\ambpw aq∂v‘`mKambn Xncn®ncn°p∂p.
1. clkyamb Hcp° ip{iqj (Xqtbmt_m).
2. ]ckyip{iqj.
3. clkyamb kam]\ip{iqj.
1. clkyamb Hcp°ip{iqj (Xqtbmt_m)
ip{iqjIt\mSpIqSn P\߃ \akv°mcw \SØp∂ kabØp
Xs∂ ]ptcmlnX≥ {]tXyI {]m¿∞\Iƒ \SØnbtijw hn. aZv-
_lmbnte°v {]thin®v P\ßfpsS t\sc Xncn™v kam[m\w
tNmZn°p∂p. k`bpsS apgph≥ {]Xn\n[nbmbn´mWv ]ptcmlnX≥
_en A¿∏n°p∂Xv. BbXn\m¬ P\Øns‚ klIcWhpw {]m¿-
∞\bpw X\n°mhiyamWv. XpS¿∂v t{XmtWmkns‚ tImWpIƒ
apØnbtijw Xqtbmt_m ip{iqj \SØp∂p. hn. Ip¿∫m\bn¬
\mev ASnÿm\ `mKßfp≠v (A∏w FSpØp, hmgvØn, \pdp°n,
injy∑m¿°v sImSpØp). Chbn¬ A∏w FSp°pI F∂Xns‚
hnIknX cq]amWv Hcp° ip{iqj.
clkyamb Hcp° ip{iqjbv°v c≠v `mKßfp≠v.
1. t{XmtWmkn¬ A∏ho™pIƒ {IaoIcn°p∂ aevInktZ-
°ns‚ {Iaw.
2. Awihkv{X߃ [cn®v \SØp∂ Altdms‚ {Iaw.
26 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw 27 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw

1. aev°nktZ°ns‚ {Iaw apSnb\mb ]p{Xs‚ Xncn®phchns\ kqNn∏n°p∂p. Cßs\ A\pX-

]n®v Xncns®Øp∂ aIs\ ]nXmhv Bt«jn®psIm≠v tamSnbp≈
C{kmtb¬ cq]wsIm≈p∂Xn\p apºv bdpitew cmPmhpw AXyp-
hkv{Xw [cn∏n°p∂Xns\ kqNn∏n®psIm≠v ]ptcmlnX≥ t{XmtWm-
∂\mb ssZhØns‚ alm]ptcmlnX\pambncp∂ aevInktZ°v
kns‚ tImWpIƒ apØpIbpw tamSnbp≈ hkv{Xw [cn°bpw
(Dev]. 14:18) \mep cmPm°∑msc Pbn®ph∂ A{_lmans\ A∏hpw
sNøp∂p. henb am¿ _tkentbmkv Cu tamSnbp≈ hkv{X[mcW-
ho™pw \evIn FXntc‰Xpt]mse hn. Ip¿∫m\bn¬ ]ptcmlnX≥
sØ∏‰n ]d™Xn{]ImcamWv: ""hn. Ip¿∫m\ A¿∏n°p∂ ]ptcm-
A∏hpw ho™pw ssZhØn\v ka¿∏n°p∂Xn\m¬ Cu {IaØn\v
lnX≥ {InkvXphns‚ {]Xn\n[nbmIbm¬ alXz\neb¶n [cn®p-
aevInktZ°ns‚ {Iaw F∂p ]dbp∂p. aevInktZ°ns‚ {Ia{]Imcw
thWw \n¬°phm≥. CXv BUw_cØns‚ e£Wa√.'' tIm]v‰nIv,
Hcp ]ptcmlnX≥ F∂v ]. ]utemkv «olm km£n°p∂p (F{_m.
I¬Zmb, ae_m¿, ss_kmss‚≥ XpSßnb {Iaßfnse√mw ]ptcm-
5:6).
lnX≥ hn. aZv_lmbnte°v {]thin°p∂Xn\v apºpXs∂ ÿm\
sIm√phm\p≈ Ip™mSns\t∏mse Ah≥ sIm≠pt]mIs∏´p. hkv{X[mcWw \SØp∂p. kpdnbm\n k`bnemWv ÿm\ hkv{X-
tcmaw I{Xn°p∂hs‚ apºn¬ sNΩcnbmSpt]mse Ah≥ au\ambn [mcWw C{X sshIn \S°p∂Xv. F∂m¬ Bcw`Imeßfn¬ hN\-
\n∂p. Xmgva aqew Ah≥ hmbv Xpd∂n√ (sbi 53:7) F∂p XpSßp∂ ip{iqj AXmbXv Gh≥tKentbm≥ hmb\bpw {]kwKhpw Ign™-
{]m¿∞\Iƒ sNm√ns°m≠v A∏w ]oemkmbnepw, "\ΩpsS I¿- Xn\v tijamWv ÿm\hkv{X[mcWw \S∂ncp∂Xv.
Ømhmb tbipainlm Du¿t»an¬ h®v c≠p I≈∑mcpsS at≤y
Cu {IaØn\v Altdms‚ {Iaw F∂v t]cv ]dbphm≥ ImcWw,
acØnt∑¬ Xq°s∏SpIbpw....'' F∂ {]m¿∞\ sNm√ns°m≠v
{InkvXp At∏mkvtXme∑msc ]utcmlnXyØnte°v Db¿ØnbXv
ho™p Imkmbnepw ]Icp∂p. tbip{InkvXphn¬ ssZhXzhpw a\p-
tamibpsSbpw Altdms‚bpw ]utcmlnXyØnte°v Bbncp∂p
jyXzhpw kwtbmPn°p∂Xns\bpw Ahs‚ hnemhn¬\n∂v c‡hpw
F∂-Xn-\m-emWv. Cu {IaØnse {][m\ ip{iqjIfmb Awih-
sh≈hpw ]pds∏´Xns\bpw (hn. tbml. 19:34) A\pkvacn®psIm≠v
kv{Xw [cn°epw [q]w A¿∏n°epw Altdm\y Awihkv{XØn-
sh≈w ho™n¬ tN¿Øp {]m¿∞n°p∂p.
s‚bpw ]utcmlnXy ip{iqjbmIp∂ [q]m¿∏WØns‚bpw XpS¿®-
A∏ho™pIƒ Xømdm°nh®tijw Im¿ΩnI≥ Z¿Kmbn¬ \n∂v bmbn ImWp∂p.
Cdßn {]pantbm≥, skZd, tImsem, Ft{Xm, FIvt_m, lqtØmtam,
Altdms‚ {IaØn¬ 4 `mK߃ ASßnbncn°p∂p: (1) ssZh-
I¿Ør{]m¿∞\ F∂nh sNm√n BZyip{iqj Ahkm\n∏n°p∂p.
Øns‚ Imhen\mbp≈ {]m¿∞\, (2) ka¿∏W{]m¿∞\, (3) a≤y-
2. Altdms‚ {Iaw ÿ{]m¿∞\Iƒ, (4) ]cnip≤∑mcpsS a≤yÿXbv ° mbp≈
At]£.
Altdms\t∏mse {]tXyI ]utcmlnXy hkv{X߃ (]pd∏mSv
28) [cn®psIm≠mWv Cu ip{iqjbnte°v {]thin°p∂Xv. sh≈- 1. ssZhØns‚ Imhen\m-bp≈ {]m¿∞\
°p∏mbw, Dudmd (lav\ot°m), Acs°´v, IøpdIƒ, Im∏ F∂o
]´-°m-c≥ t{XmtWm-kns‚ apºn¬ ap´p-IpØn Xs∂-Øs∂ ka¿-
hkv{X߃ ]´°mc\pw Ch IqSmsX akv\]vkm, henb Dudmd
∏n®psIm≠v {]m¿∞\ sNm√p-∂p. Cu hn. _en A¿∏n-t°-≠-Xn\v
(]{Xko≥), ioeapSn, Ipcnipame, AwihSn, …o_m F∂nh taev]-
Xm≥ Atbm-Ky-s\-¶nepw ss]im-Nn-I-amb kIe hym]m-c-ß-fn¬
´°mc\pw D]tbmKn°p∂p. Ch Hmtcm∂pw [cn°ptºmƒ {]tXyIw
\n∂pw Zp¿taml-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw \nµy-{]-hrØn-I-fn¬ \n∂pw a‰pw
{]m¿∞\Ifpw D≠v.
B¥cnIhpw _mly-hp-amb C{µn-bß- sf ImØp-sIm-≈p-hm≥ th≠n
I¿Ømhv blqZm tKm{X°mc\mbncp∂p F¶nepw tehn Ipe- {]m¿∞n-°p∂p. A\¥cw Z¿Km-bn¬ Ibdn \n∂p-sIm≠v 93-˛mw k¶o¿-
Øn¬s]´ tbml∂m\n¬ \n∂v kv\m\ta‰v Altdm\y ]utcmln- Ø\w ]mSn ssZhsØ ]pI-gvØp-∂p.
XyØns‚ ]n≥XpS¿®°mc\mbn (F{_m. 5:4, 5). ]ptcmlnX≥ IdpØ
hkv{Xw [cn®psIm≠mWv hn. aZv_lmbnte°v {]thin°p∂Xv. CXv
28 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
2. ka¿∏W {]m¿∞\
]oemkm-bp-sSbpw Imkm-bpsSbpw apI-fn¬ \n∂v I_n-em\ \o°n-
s°m≠v ka¿∏W {]m¿∞\ sNm√p-∂p. tbip-{InkvXp ]nXmhmw
ssZh-Øn\v kzoImcy_en-bmbn kzbw ka¿∏n-®Xpt]mse ]´-°mcpw
hnizm-kn-Ifpw XßsfØs∂ ka¿∏n-°p-∂-Xmbn {]m¿∞n-°p-∂p.
3. a≤yÿ {]m¿∞-\-Iƒ
a≤yÿ-{]m¿∞-\-Iƒ aq∂p hn[-Øn¬ Xqtbm-t_m-bn¬ \S-
Øp∂p. Imkmbpw ]oem-kmbpw hln-®p-sIm-≠v, [q]w AW-®p-
sIm≠v, [q]m¿∏-W-Øn\v tijw F∂n-h-bm-W-h.
a. Imkmbpw ]oem-kmbpw hln®psIm≠p≈ {]m¿-∞\
heXp ssIbn¬ ]oem-kmbpw CS-Xp-ssI-bn¬ Imkmbpw FSpØv
ssIIƒ Ipcn-im-Ir-Xn-bn¬ ]nSn-®p-sIm≠v [q]w IqSmsX {]m¿∞\
\S-Øp∂p. I¿Øm-hns‚ a\p-jym-h-Xm-c-Im-esØ kw`-h-ßsf Hm¿-
Ωn-°p∂ Cu ka-bØv Rß-fpsS ]nXmhmb BZm-an-s\-bpw, amXm-
hmb l∆m-tbbpw, ssZham-Xm-hmb hn. adn-bm-Ωn-s\bpw, {]hm-N-I-
∑m-sc-bpw, «ol-∑m-tcbpw kphn-ti-j-I-sc-bpw, kl-tZ-∑m-scbpw,
auZym-\∑m-scbpw, \oXn-am∑m-scbpw, ]´-°m-scbpw, ]. ]nXm-°-∑m-
scbpw, bYm¿∞ CS-b-∑m-sc-bpw, Hm¿Ø-tUmIvkv hnizm-k-Øns‚
Kpcp-°-∑m-scbpw, GIm-¥-hm-kn-I-sfbpw, kaq-l-Po-hn-I-sfbpw, Rß-
fpsS IqsS-\n∂v {]m¿∞n-°p-∂-h-scbpw, BZn-ap-X¬ C∂p-hsc \ns∂
{]oXn-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p≈ kI-e-tcbpw, Rß-fpsS amXm-]n-Xm-°-sfbpw,
ktlm-Z-c-∑m-sc-bpw, k¥m-\-ß-sfbpw, Kpcp-°-∑m-tc-bpw, hnizm-kn-
I-fmb kIe acn-®p-t]m-bh- s
- cbpw, c‡-_‘- a
- p-≈h
- s
- cbpw, Cu tZhm-
eb\n¿Ωm-W-Øn¬ hN\wsImt≠m {]hr-Øn-sImt≠m heptXm
sNdptXm Bb Imcy-ß-fmepw kl-I-cn-®-h-scbpw, hninjym Cu
Ip¿∫m\ Bsc -{]Xn AW-bv°-s∏-Sp-∂pthm Bb-h-scbpw Hm¿-
°p∂p. IqSmsX ssZh-am-Xm-hn-s‚bpw ]cn-ip-≤-∑m-cp-sSbpw a≤y-ÿ-
X-bnepw {]m¿∞n-°p-∂p. ]´-°m-c≥ tcmKn-Iƒ°pw, A\p-Xm-]n-
Iƒ°pw, ]tc-X¿°pw, Xs‚ amXm-hv, ]nXmhv, Kpcp-°-∑m¿, Nm¿®-
°m¿ Ch¿°p th≠nbpw kIe acn-®-h¿°p- th-≠nbpw {]tXyIw
{]m¿∞n-°p-∂p.
b. [q]w AW®psIm-≠p≈ a≤yÿ {]m¿∞\
A\¥cw Imk Ing-°p-hi
- Øpw ]oemk ]Sn-™mdp hi-Øp-ambn
X_vsseØm-ta¬ h®-tijw timi-∏m-sIm≠v aqSp-∂p (B-cm-[\
29 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
h¿j-Ønse I¿Ørs]cp-∂m-fp-I-fpsS A¿∞-kq-N-I-ambn timi∏m
a≤y-Ønse AS-bm-f-Nn-{X-Ø-øepIfpw amdn-bn-cn-°pw. I¿ØrP-\\
ka-b-amb b¬tZm s]cp-∂mƒ apX¬ s]k-lm-s]-cp-∂mƒ hsc- \£-
{Xhpw, Zp-xJi-\n-bmgvN apX¬ s]¥n-t°m-kvXn-°p-apºv hsc I¿Ør-
…o-_m-bpw, s]¥n-t°mkvXn apX¬ I¿ØrP-\-\-Ø-te∂v hsc ]cn-
ip-≤m-flm-hns\ kqNn-∏n-°p∂ {]mhns‚ cq]hpw timi-∏m-bpsS a[y-
Ø-ø-ep-I-fm-bn-cn-°-Ww). ]pcm-X-\-Im-eØv Imkm-]o-em-k-Iƒ Ccn-
°p∂ t{XmtWmkv apgp-h\pw aqS-Ø-°-h-Æ-amWv CXv D]-tbm-Kn-®n-
cp-∂-Xv. AXn-\p-tijw {]pan-tbm≥, skZ-d F∂nh sNm√n [q]m¿-
∏Ww \S-Øn-s°m≠v a≤y-ÿ-{]m¿∞\ \S-Øp-∂p. C{km-tb¬ P\-
Øns‚ CS-bn¬ \n∂v hk¥ \ntcm-[n® Al-tdms‚ kmZr-iy-Øn¬
Cu [q]w A¿∏n-°p∂p F∂p {]tXyIw FSp-Øp-]-d-™mWv {]m¿-
∞\ \S-Øp-∂-Xv. Chn-sSbpw BZmw- ap-X-ep≈ ]nXm-°-∑msc s]mXp-
hmbpw hn. Ip¿∫m-\bn¬ Hm¿Ωn-°m≥ t]cp \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂-hsc
{]tXy-I-ambpw Hm¿Øv {]m¿∞n-°p∂p. A\-¥cw Z¿Km-bn¬ Ib-dn-
\n∂psIm≠v Imkm-]o-em-k-I-fpsS apI-fn¬ [q]m¿∏Ww \S-Øn-
s°m≠v hmßn-t∏mb hnip-≤-scbpw ]nXm-°-∑m-tcbpw Hm¿°p∂p.
{XnXz-\m-a-Øn\v hµ\w sNm√n-s°m≠v [q]m¿∏Ww kam-]n-°p-∂p.
4. ]cn-ip-≤∑m-cpsS a≤y-ÿ-X-bv°m-bp≈ At]£
[q]m¿∏- W - Ø n- \ p- t ijw [q]- ° p‰n ip{iq- j - I s‚ ssIbn¬
XncnsI G¬]n®tijw Im¿Ωn-I≥ \S-Øp∂ lqtØmtΩm (k-am-
]\) {]m¿∞-\-bn¬ ssZh-am-Xm-hn-s‚bpw «ol-∑m-cp-sSbpw kltZ-
∑m-cp-sSbpw ]nXm-°-∑m-cp-sSbpw a≤y-ÿ-X-bm¬ hy‡n-Ifpw IpSpw-
_-ßfpw CS-h-Ibpw A\p{K-lo-X-cmbn Xocp-hm≥ {]m¿∞n°p-∂p.
Hcp Iuambpw hnizm-k-{]-am-Whpw sNm√n Xqtbmt_m ip{iqj Ah-
km-\n-∏n-°p-∂p. hn. Ip¿∫m-\a - t≤y P\-߃ hnizm-k{- ]-amWw sNm√p-
tºmƒ ]´-°m-c≥ ap´p-IpØn {]m¿∞n-t°-≠-Xp-sIm-≠mWv hnizm-
k-{]-amWw t\csØ sNm√p-∂-Xv.
ad C´-tijw cl-ky-ambn \S-Øp∂ Hcp-°-ip-{iqj apgp-h\pw
]gb-\n-b-a-Im-esØ {]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p∂p. ad-bv°-∏p-dØv AXn-hn-
ip≤ ÿeØv kvIdnb [q]w A¿∏n-®-Xp-t]mse (eq-t°m. 1:9, 10)
cl-ky-am-bn-´mWv F√m- {]m¿∞-\-Ifpw. aZv_-lm-bv°p-≈n¬ h®p≈
Cu clky ip{iq-j P\-ß-fpsS IÆp-Iƒ°pw ImXp-Iƒ°pw hnt[-
b-am-Im-Ø-hn-[-Øn-em-Wv. ImcWw, \ΩpsS I¿Øm-hns‚ P\\w hsc-
bp≈ kw`-h-ß-fmWv B ka-bØv A\p-kvacn°p-∂-Xv.
30 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
Cu Xqtbm-t_m-bpsS ka-bØv ip{iq-j-Icpw P\-ßfpw IqSn \a-
kvIm-cß- ƒ ]q¿Øo-Ic - n-°p-Ibpw ]g-b\
- n-ba thZ-`mKw hmbn-°p-Ibpw
sNøp-∂p. hn. Ip¿∫m\ XpS-ßp-∂-Xn\v apºmWv Hmtcm Znh-k-
tØ°pw {Iao-I-cn-®n-cn-°p∂ ]g-b-\n-ba `mKw hmbn-°p-∂-Xv. ]pXn-
b-\n-ba Ime-L-´-Øn\v apºv ssZh-P-\-Øns‚ Xncp-sh-gpØv ]g-b-
\n-baw Bbn-cp-∂p. hn. Ip¿∫m\ ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Øns‚ IqZm-i-bm-I-
bm¬ hn. Ip¿∫m\ ]c-ky-ambn XpS-ßp-∂-Xn\v apºv ]g-b-\n-baw
hmbn-°p-∂p. BZy-ambn ]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ \n∂pw XpS¿∂v ]pXn-b-\n-
b-aØ
- n¬ \n∂pw hmbn-°p-∂Xv {InkvXpk` ]g-b\ - n-ba
- Ø
- ns‚ XpS¿®-
bmWv F∂v ImWn-°p-hm≥ th≠n-bm-Wv. ]g-bXv ]pXn-bX - n¬ ]q¿Øo-
I-cn-°-s∏´p F∂v ImWn-°p-hm≥ IqSn-bmWv ]pXn-b-Xn\v apºv ]g-b-
\n-baw hmbn-°p-∂-Xv.
31 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
3
]cky ip{iq-j-bpsS
Bcw`w
hn. Ip¿∫m-\-bpsS ]c-ky-amb ip{iq-jsb c≠mbn Xncn-®n-cn-
°p∂p.
a. kv\m\m¿∞n-Iƒ°pw kw_-‘n-°m-hp∂ `mKw.
b. hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v am{Xw kw_-‘n-°m-hp∂ `mKw.
a. kv\m\m¿∞n-Iƒ°pw kw_-‘n-°m-hp∂ `mKw
({]m-cw` ip{iqj)
hnizmk ]Tn-Xm-°ƒ°pw (kv\m\m¿∞n-Iƒ°pw) kw_-‘n-°m-
hp∂ Cu `mKw Xnc-ioe BZy-ambn \o°p-∂-Xp -ap-X¬ \nJym-hn-izm-
k{]-amWw hsc-bp≈XmWv. Cu `mKsØ {][m-\-ambpw aq∂mbn
Xncn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. 1. {]mcw-`hpw ss{Xip≤ Io¿Ø-\-hpw. 2. hN\
ip{iqj. 3. [q]m¿∏W ip{iq-j.
1. {]mcw-`hpw ss{Xip-≤ -Io¿Ø-\hpw
"adnbw ZotetØm' (\ns∂ {]k-hn® adn-bmapw...) F∂v XpSßn
{]m¿∞n-°p-Ibpw At∏mƒ Xnc-io-e \o-°n, Ip¥n-cn°w \nd® [q]-
Ieiw- hoip∂ ]ptcm-ln-X-t\m-sSm∏w hn. aZv_-lmbpw hnip≤ _en-
]o-Thpw Zriy-am-Ip-∂-tXm-Sp-IqSn hn. Ip¿∫m-\-bpsS ]c-ky-amb `mKw
Bcw-`n-°p-∂p.
Xnc-»oe \o°p-∂Xv kz¿§w Xpd-∂-Xns\ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. \mS-Io-
b-ambpw [ym\m-flI
- a
- mbp≈ coXn-bn-emWv hn. Ip¿∫m-\b
- psS Bcw`w.
"al-Xz-hkv{Xw' [cn®v {InkvXp-hns‚ IuZm-in-I-km-∂n-≤y-am-Ip∂
]ptcmln-X≥ Poh-ta-i-bv°p- ap-ºn¬ [q]w A¿∏n-®p-sIm≠v {]m¿∞n-
°p-∂p. ""Rß-fpsS I¿Øm-hmb tbip-a-inlm \ns∂ {]k-hn® adn-
bmapw \ns∂ amtam-Zokm ap°nb tbml-∂m\pw R߃°p-th≠n
\nt∂mSv At]-£n-°p∂p. Rß-tfmSv Icp-W-bp-≠m-tI-W-ta.'' Cu
{]mcw`{]m¿∞-\-bn¬ hn. ssZh-am-Xm-hn-t\mSpw hn. kv\m]-I-tbml-
∂m-t\mSpw a≤y-ÿ-{]m¿∞\ \S-Øp-∂p. I¿Øm-hns‚ a\p-jym-h-
Xm-c-hp-ambn ZrV-_-‘-ap≈ c≠v hy‡n-I-fm-Wv Xs∂ {]-khn®
32 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
adnbmapw, Xs‚ hgn-sbm-cp-°p-∂-Xn\v \nbp-‡-\mb (am-Xr-K¿`-Øn¬
h®v Xs∂ Xs‚ BK-a-\-Øn¬ BÀm-Zn-®-h-\p-amb) tbml-∂m-\pw.
AXp-sIm-≠mWv {]mcw-`-{]m¿∞-\-bn¬ Ccp-h-cp-sSbpw a≤y-ÿX
bmNn-°p-∂-Xv.
A\-¥cw hn. t{XmtWm-kn\v Np‰p-ap≈ {]Z-£nWw Bcw-`n-°p∂p.
hn. aZv_lm kpK-‘-[q-]-Øm¬ \nd-bp-∂p. Hcp ip{iq-j-I≥ ]ptcm-
ln-X\v apºn-embn IØn® sagp-Ip-Xncn ]nSn-®p-sIm≠v ]pdw-Xn-cn™v
\S-°p-∂p. AXyp-∂X - s‚ {]hm-NI
- ≥ F∂v hnfn-°s
- ∏´ I¿Øm-hns‚
apt∂m-Sn-bmb hn. kv\m]-I-tbm-l-∂ms‚ {]Xn-\n-[n-bm-bn-´mWv ip{iq-
j-I≥ hn. Ip¿∫m-\bn¬ ]¶p-sIm-≈p-∂-Xv. t{XmtWmkv Cu kabw
c£-I≥ ]nd∂ _Xve-tl-anse ]p¬°q-Smbn amdp-∂p. adp-hlvkm
]nSn® ip{iq-j-Icpw ]ptcm-ln-X\pw t_Xve-tl-an¬ ]nd∂ AZv`pX
inip-hns\ hW-ßp-hm≥ h∂ B´n-S-b-∑m-scbpw amem-J-am-scbpw
{]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p-∂p. ]´-°m-c≥ {]Z-£nWw h®v t{XmtWm-kns‚
tImWp-Iƒ apØn P\-Øn\v [q]w hoip-∂Xv I¿Ømhv Xs‚ a\p-
jym-h-Xmcw sIm≠v temIsØ kpK-‘o-I-cn-®-Xns\ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p.
]g-b-\n-b-a-Im-eØv bmKm¿∏-W-Øn\v tijw _en-]o-TsØ {]Z-
£nWw sNbvXv [q]w Im´n-b-Xn-s\bpw A\p-kva-cn-°p-∂p.
]ptcm-ln-X≥ hn. aZv_-lm-bn-ep-≈-h¿°pw ]Sn-™m-tdm´v Xncn™v
P\-Øn\pw [q]w hoin-b-tijw Ing-t°m´v Xncn™v hn. t{XmtWm-
kn¬ hoin apØn [q]-°p‰n ip{iq-j-Is\ Gev]n-°p-∂p. ]ptcm-ln-
X≥ _en-]oT-sØbpw P\-sØbpw kpK‘[q]-]-Sew sIm≠v Bh-
cWw sNøp-∂Xv kz¿§-Ønepw `qan-bnepw D≈ `‡-P\ - k
- a
- q-lØ
- ns‚
{]m¿∞-\-Isf kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p.
Xnc-»oe \o°p-∂Xv kz¿§w Xpd-°p-∂-Xns\ kqNn-∏n-°p∂p.
IqSmsX I¿Øm-hns‚ P\\w, amtam-Zo-km F∂n-h-sb-∏-‰nbpw Cu
ka-bØv A\p-kva-cn-°p-∂p. \k-td-Øn¬ hn. adn-bm-Ωns‚ ASp-°¬
a\p-jym-h-Xmc kphm¿Ø-bp-ambn K{_n-tb¬ amemJ h∂-dn-bn-®-Xn-
s\bpw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p≠v. hn. I\y-Ia-dn-bm-an\v ssZhn-I-inip ]nd-
°p∂ kphm¿Ø -tI-´-t∏m-gp-≠mb `b-`‡n _lp-am-\m-Z-c-hp-I-tfm-
sS-bmWv ip{iqj Bcw-`n-°p-∂-Xv.
Cu ka-bØv \n≥ am-Xmhp hnip-≤-∑m¿..... F∂ {]m¿∞-\m-Km\w
F√m-hcpw IqSn-t®¿∂v Be-]n-°p-∂p. At¥ym-Jym-bnse am¿ tkth-
dn-tbmkv BWv Cu {]m¿∞\ Fgp-Xn-b-Xv. AXp-sIm≠v am¿ tkth-
dn-tbm-kns‚ am\okm F∂- t]-cn¬ CXv Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. tbip-
33 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
{InkvXp-hns‚ a\p-jym-h-Xm-c -a¿Ω-ß-sf-∏-‰n-bp≈ \ΩpsS hnizmk
{]Jym-]\w IqSn-bm-WnXv. a\p-jy-c-£bv°v th≠n kz¿temIw hn´n-
d-ßn-h∂v hn. I\yIa-dn-bm-an¬ \n∂v P\\w FSp-Ø-Xn-s\bpw Xs‚
{Iqip-a-c-W-sØbpw AXp-aqew ac-W-Øns‚ i‡nsb F∂-t∂-°p-
ambn ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xn-s\bpw, Xm≥ ]nXm-hn-t\mSpw ]cnip≤
dqlm-tbmSpw IqSn ka-Xz-ap-≈-h-\p-am-sW∂pw Cu {]m¿∞-\-bn¬
{]Jym-]n-°p-∂p. IqSmsX amXm-hn-s‚bpw ]cn-ip-≤∑
- m-cp-sSbpw {]m¿∞-
\-I-fm¬ R߃ F√m-h-cp-sS-taepw Icp-W -sN-ø-Wta F∂v At]-
£n-°p-∂p.
ss{Xip-≤- Io¿Ø\w (kvXp-Xn-{X-bw)
ss{XkmKntbm≥ F∂ Cu ]Zw {Xnkv, lmKn-tbmkv F∂o c≠v
{Ko°p-]-Z-߃ tN¿∂v D≠m-b-Xm-Wv. "ssZhta \o ]cn-ip-≤≥, _e-
hms\ \o ]cn-ip-≤≥, ac-W-an-√m-Ø-hs\ \o ]cn-ip-≤≥' F∂v aq∂p-
{]m-hiyw sNm√p∂ kvXpXnhN-\sØ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. Cu aq∂p
kwt_m-[\ - I- fpw tbip-{In-kvXp-hn-t\m-Sm-Wv. tbip-{In-kvXp-hns‚ ]q¿-
Æ-ssZ-hX- z-hpw ]q¿Æ a\p-jy-Xzhpw {]Jym-]n-°p-∂t- Xm-sSm∏w ""Rß-
ƒ°v th≠n {Iqin-°-s∏-´-hs\ Rß-tfmSv Icp-W- sN-ø-Wta''
F∂p≈ At]-£bpw tN¿Øp sNm√p-∂p. sbiømhp I≠ Z¿i-\-
Øn¬ kmdm-^p-Iƒ Np‰pw ]d-∂p-\n-∂p-sIm≠v btlm-h-sb- kvXp-Xn-
°p∂p (sb-i-øm 6:3). CXp-t]mse tbip-{In-kvXp-hns‚ ]cn-ip-≤nbpw
a\p-jy-h¿K-Øns‚ _e-lo-\-Xbpw kqNn-∏n-°p∂ Hcp kvXpXn-∏m-
Wn-Xv.
Cu {]m¿∞\-bpsS D¤-h-sØ-∏‰n Hcp ]mc-ºcyw D≠v. hn.
]utem-kns‚ injy-\mb A·n-a-b-\mb hn. C·m-Øn-tbmkv \qtdm-
t\mbv°v Hcp shfn-]m-Sp-≠mbn. \ΩpsS I¿Øm-hns‚ I_-d-S-°-k-a-
bØv Hcp-Iq´w amem-J-am¿ ""ssZhta, \o ]cn-ip-≤-\m-Ip∂p'' F∂pw
as‰mcp Iq´¿ ""_e-hms\, \o ]cn-ip-≤-\m-Ip∂p'' F∂pw thsdm-cp-
Iq-´¿ ""ac-W-an-√m-Ø-hs\, \o ]cn-ip-≤-\m-Ip∂p'' F∂pw kvXpXn
]mSn-b-t∏mƒ Acn-a-Yy-°m-c-\mb butk^pw, \nt°m-Zo-tamkpw
tN¿∂v ""R߃°p-th≠n Ipcn-in-°-s∏-´-hs\, Rß-fp-sS-ta¬
IcpW- sNø-Wta'' F∂v {]Xn-hm-Iy-ambn ]mSn. tbip-{InkvXp a\p-
jy-\mbn ImW-s∏-s´-¶nepw Xm≥ ]q¿Æ -ssZ-h-am-sW∂pw, _e-hm-
\m-sW∂pw Xm≥ {Iqin¬ acn-®-h-s\-¶nepw A\m-Zn-bmb ]p{X\v ac-
W-an-s√∂pw Cu {]m¿∞-\bv°v A¿∞-ap-≠v. Cu kvXpXn-{Xbw k¿∆-
i-‡\pw k¿∆-⁄\pw ]cn-]q¿Æ\pw al-Xz-hm-\p-amb ssZh-Øns‚
34 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
Xncp-k-∂n-[n-bn-ep≈ ]m]n-bmb a\p-jys‚ `b-`‡n _lp-am-\m-Z-c-
hp-I-tfm-sS-bp≈ Bcm-[-\-bpsS i_vZ-am-Wn-Xv. kvXpXn-{Xbw hn. Ip¿-
∫m-\-bpsS {]mcw-`-Øn¬ h®n-cn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v Dt±-in-°p-∂Xv \mw
F¥p-sN-bvXmepw H∂m-aXv ssZhsØ kvXpXn-°Wsa∂m-Wv.
ss{Xip-≤-Io¿Ø-\-Øn\v tijw aq∂p -{]m-hiyw Ipdn-tb-em-bn-
tkm≥ F∂v ]d-bp-∂p. "I¿Ømth Rß-tfmSv Icp-W- sN-ø-Wta'
F∂mWv Cu hm°ns‚ A¿∞w. _e-lo-\cpw ]m]n-Ifpw Aip-≤-cp-
am-sW∂v G‰p-]-d™v kz¿§ob Bcm-[-\-bn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°p-hm≥ I¿-
Øm-hns‚ Icp-W -bm-Nn-°p-I-bmWv Cu {]m¿∞-\-bn-eqsS \mw sNøp-
∂Xv.
2. hN-\-ip-{iqj
kv\m\m¿∞n-Iƒ°pw kw_-‘n-°m-hp∂ `mK-Ønse c≠mw `mK-
amWv hN-\-ip-{iq-j. hn. Ip¿∫m-\-bpsS {][m-\-amb Hcp L´-amWv
hN-\-ip-{iq-j. ico-c-Øns‚ hf¿®bv°v `£Ww Bh-iy-am-bn-cn-°p-
∂-Xp-t]mse Bflm-hns‚ hf¿®bv°v kphn-ti-j-{i-hWw Bh-iy-
am-Wv. I¿Øm-hns‚ Iev]-\bpw AXm-W-t√m (aØm. 4:4). ""a\p-jy≥
A∏w- sIm≠v am{X-a√, ssZh-Øns‚ hmbn¬IqSn hcp∂ kIe
hN\w- sIm≠pw Pohn-°p--∂p.''
\ΩpsS c£bv°pw {InkvXob Pohn-Xm-\p-jvTm-\-Øn\pw th≠n
ssZhw Xs‚ Xncp-h-N-\-Øn-eqsS shfn-s∏-SpØnØ∂ kXy-ßsf
\mw {i≤m-]q¿∆w tIƒ°p-Ibpw [ym\n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ kµ¿`-
amWnXv. hn. Ip¿∫m-\-bnse hN-\-ip-{iqj ain-lm-bpsS ]c-ky- Pohn-
X-Øns‚ BNcW-am-Wv.
hn. Ip¿∫m\ ]c-ky-ambn Bcw-`n-®-Xn\vtij-ap≈ Cu hN\
ip{iq-j-bn¬ ]g-b-\n-baw hmbn-°p-∂n-√. ImcWw, ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-
Øns‚ IqZm-i-bmWv hn. Ip¿∫m\. Cu hN-\-ip-{iq-j-bn¬ BZyw
hn. aZv_-lm-bpsS \S-bn¬ hS-°p-h-i-Øp- \n-∂mWv hmbn-°p-∂-Xv.
BZyw blq-Z-∑m-tcmSv I¿Øm-hns‚ c£-bpsS kphm¿Ø Adn-bn-®-
Xn-s\-bmWv CXv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. "`qhn-e-ti-jw...' F∂p- Xp-S-ßp∂
KoX-Øn\v tij-amWv CXv hmbn-°p-∂-Xv. hmb-\-Iƒ A∏-kvtXm-e-
{]-hr-Øn-If
- n¬ \nt∂m, s]mXp-te-J\- ß
- f- n¬ \nt∂m (bm-t°m-_ns‚
teJ-\w, 1 ]t{Xm-kv, 2 ]t{Xm-kv, 1, 2, 3 tbml-∂m≥, bqZm-bpsS
teJ-\w) Bbn-cn°pw. hn. tbml-∂ms‚ ssien-bn¬ Fs‚ hm’-
ey-ap-≈-hsc (lm_o-_m-bv) F∂v kwt_m-[\ sNbvXmWv hmb\
Bcw-`n-°p-∂Xv.
35 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
c≠m-a-Xv "]utemkv «olm [\y≥...' F∂ KoX-Øn\v tijw
]cn-ip-≤-\mb ]utemkv «olm-bpsS GsX-¶nepw Hcp teJ-\-amWv
hmbn-°p-∂-Xv. hn. aZv_-lm-bpsS sXt°-\-S-bn¬ \n∂mWv Cu
teJ\w hmbn-°p-∂-Xv.
Kem-Xy-te-J\w 1:8, 9 hmIy߃ "]utemkv «olm [\y≥...' F∂
KoX-Øn¬ AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p∂p. kXy-hn-izm-k-Øn\v FXnsc hncpt≤m-
]-tZ-i-߃ D≠m-Ip-sa∂pw BI-bm¬ AXn-s\-Xnsc Pm{KX D≈-h-
cm-bn-cn-°Wsa∂pw hnizm-kn-Isf DZvt_m-[n-∏n-°pI IqSn sNøp-∂p.
IqSmsX ]e-Xcw ]pXn-b D]tZ-i-߃ ]mcn¬ D≠m-Ip-sa∂pw AXn\v
]n∂mse \mw t]mI-cp-sX∂ ap∂-dn-bn∏pw Cu KoX-Øn¬ AS-ßn-
bn-cn-°p-∂p.
c≠m-aX - m-bmWv PmXn-It- fmSv I¿Øm-hns‚ c£m-kp-hn-tijw Adn-
bn-®X
- v. PmXn-It- fmSv kphn-tijw Adn-bn-®- «o-lm-bmWv hn. ]utemkv.
AXp-sIm-≠mWv c≠m-a-Xmbn ]utemkv «olm-bpsS teJ-\-ß-fn¬
\n∂v hmbn-°p-∂-Xv. ]. ]utemkv «olm-bpsS ssien-bn¬ "Fs‚
ktlm-Z-c-ßsf' (B-lm-bv) F∂v A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNbvXp-sIm-
≠mWv hmbn-°p-∂-Xv.
apI-fn¬\n-∂p-ap≈ A[n-Im-c-tØmsS ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ i‡n-
bm¬ «ol-∑m¿ amfn-I-bn¬\n∂pw Cdßn `qa-fi-e-Øns‚ \m\m-
ÿ-eß - f- nepw kphn-tijw Adn-bn®p F∂-Xns\ kqNn-∏n-°p-hm-\mWv
ip{iq-j-I¿ hn. aZv_-lm-bpsS c≠v hi-ß-fn¬ Hmtcm ]Sn Cdßn
\n∂v teJ-\-߃ hmbn-°p-∂-Xv.
teJ-\h- m-b\
- bv°v apºp≈ cl-ky-{]m¿∞-\b - n¬ ]´-°m-c≥ C{]-
Imcw {]m¿∞n-°p-∂p. "\ns‚bpw \ns‚ Znhy-«o-l-∑m-cp-sSbpw {][m\
in¬]n-bmb hn. ]utem-kn-s‚bpw Iev]-\-Iƒ shSn-t∏mSpw hnip-
≤n-tbmSpw IqSn BN-cn-°p-hm≥ Rßsf tbmKy-cm-°-W-ta.'
CXn-\p-ti-j-amWv hn. Gh≥tK-en-tbm≥ hmbn-°p-∂-Xv. teJ-\-
߃°v tij-amWv kphn-ti-j-߃ Fgp-X-s∏-´sX∂ hkvXp-X-bmWv
ChnsS ]cn-K-Wn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
hn. Gh≥tKen-tbm≥ hmb\
«olm-hm-b-\bv°p tijw Gh≥tK-en-tbm≥ hmbn-°p-∂-Xn-\p -
apºmbn lmte-eq-øm, lmte-eqøm kvXpXn-_-en-I-fW-t®-dn-Sp-hn≥....
F∂ KoXw Be-]n-°p-∂p. 107-˛mw k¶o¿Ø\w 22-˛mw hmIy-Øns‚
hnI-kn-X-cq-]-am-Wn-Xv. kz¿§ob atlm-∂-X-ß-fnse kz¿§ob Kmb-
36 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
I-kw-L-ß-tfmSv tN¿∂v (am-em-J-am¿) krjvSn-I-fm-Ip∂ \mw {kjvSm-
hns\ kvXpXn-°p-I-bm-Wv. lmte-eqøm F∂ kz¿§ob kvXpXn-Iƒ
Be-]n-®p-sIm≠v shSn-∏p≈ ImgvN-I-fm-Ip∂ \mw kzbw I¿Øm-
hns‚ {]mImcßfn-te°v {]th-in®v hn. aZv-_lm apºmsI \n∂v
\mhp-sIm≠v kvXpXn-bm-Ip∂ _en-Isf A¿∏n®v I¿Øm-hns\ hµn-
∏n≥ F∂v Blzm\w sNøp-∂p.
Hm¿Ø-tUmIvkv k`-bn¬ kphn-tijhmb\ Hcp IuZm-inI {]h¿-
Ø-\-am-Wv. ImcWw, cq]m-¥-c-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ {]h¿Ø-\-amWXv. AXv
temI-Øn\v Poh\pw c£bpw \¬Ip-∂-Xm-Wv. X∑qew \ΩpsS
apºmsI hmbn-°-s∏-Sp∂ \ΩpsS I¿Øm-hns‚ hn. Gh≥tKen-tbm-
\nse ssZh-Øns‚ Poh-\p≈ hN-\-ßsf AS-°-tØmSpw `b-
tØmSpw hW-°-tØmSpw {ihn-°Ww F∂v ip{iq-j-I≥ DZvt_m-[n∏n-
°p-∂p.
hn. Gh≥tKen-tbm≥ hn. Ip¿∫m-\-bn¬ I¿Øm-hns‚ {]Xo-I-
amWv. km[mc-W-bmbn t{XmtWm-kns‚ he-Xp-h-i-Ømbn Gh≥tK-
en-tbm≥ tai-bn¬ Gh≥tK-en-tbm≥ Ft∏mgpw h®n-cn-°p-∂p.
ImcWw, ""kz¿§w Xpd-∂n-cn-°p-∂Xpw a\p-jy-]p-{X≥ ssZh-Øns‚
he-Xp-`m-KØv \n¬-°p-∂Xpw I≠p'' (A-t∏m. 7:55, 56). BI-bm¬
kz¿§-am-Ip∂ hn. aZv_-lm-bn¬ ssZhn-I-knw-lm-k-\-am-Ip∂ hn.
t{XmtWm-kns‚ he-Øp-`m-KØv Gh≥tK-en-tbm≥ kq£n-®n-cn-°p∂p.
hfsc BtLm-j-am-bn-´mWv hn. Gh≥tK-en-tbm≥ hmbn-°p-∂-Xn-
\mbn ]Sn-™m-tdm´v hcp-∂Xv. hn. Gh≥tK-en-tbm≥ ]pkvXIw ]´-
°m-c≥ Xs‚ Ic-ßf - n¬ Db¿Øn-∏n-Sn®v Ccp-hi
- ß
- f
- nepw Xncn-IØ
- n®v
]nSn® ip{iq-jI - c
- p-sSbpw adp-hl
- km Inep-°n-s°m≠v AXns‚ ]n∂m-
se-bp≈ ip{iq-j-I-cp-sSbpw [q]-I-e-i-Øn-s‚bpw aWn-\m-Z-ß-fp-
sSbpw AI-º-Sn-tbm-sS-bm-Wv ]Sn-™m-tdm´v hcp-∂-Xv. ]nXm-hns‚ he-
Xp-`m-K-Øn-cn-°p∂ ainlm `qan-bn-ep≈ Xs‚ hnizm-kn-I-fpsS ASp-
°-te°v Cd-ßn-h-cp-∂-Xns‚ kmZr-iy-am-Wn-Xv. kaq-l-a-≤y-Øn¬
hcp∂ ainlm {]Xn-]p-cp-j-\mb ]ptcm-ln-Xs‚ A[-c-ß-fn¬ IqSn
kwkm-cn-°p-∂p.
hn. Gh≥tK-en-tbm≥ hmb-\°v apºmbn ]ptcm-ln-X≥ P\-߃°v
kam-[m\w Biw-kn-°p-∂p. Ahn-SpsØ Bflm-hn-t\m-Sp-IqsS ssZh-
amb I¿Ømhv Rß-sfbpw tbmKy-cm-°n-Øo¿°p-am-dm-Is´sb∂v
P\w {]Xn-hmIyw ]d-bp-∂p. I¿Ømhv Xs‚ injy-∑msc `c-ta-ev]n®
ssZhnI-k-am-[m\w {]Xn-\n-[n-bmb ]ptcm-ln-X≥ k`bv°v {]Zm\w
37 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
sNøp∂p. AXn-\p-tijw Pohs‚ {]Jym-]-\-amb \ΩpsS I¿Øm-
hmb tbip-ai- n-lm-bpsS kphn-ti-jß
- f
- n¬ GXmWv hmbn-°p-∂s- X∂v
P\-ßsf Adn-bn-°p-∂p. hn. I\y-I-a-dn-bm-an¬ \n∂v icocw [cn®
ssZh-Øns‚ Poh-\p≈ hN-\hpw I¿Ømhpw ssZhhpw c£n-Xm-
hpamb tbipain-lm-bpsS a\p-jym-h-Xm-c-Im-eØv kw`-hn-°p-Ibpw
]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvX Imcy-ß-fmWv ChnsS hmbn°p-∂-sX∂v ]´-°m-
c≥ ho≠pw Hm¿Ωn-∏n-°p-∂p. AXn\v adp-]-Sn-bm-bn´v P\-߃ ta¬]-
d-™- Im-cy-߃ R߃ hniz-kn®v G‰p-]-d-bp∂p F∂v sNm√p-∂p.
hn. Gh≥tKen-tbm≥ hmb-\-°p-tijw Hcn-°¬ IqSn P\-߃°v
kam-[m\w Biw-kn®v _en-]o-T-Øn-te°v ]ptcm-ln-X≥ Xncn-sI-t∏m-
Ip-∂p. e`n® Pohs‚ hN-\-߃°mbn hn. {XnXz-Øn\v \µn Itc-‰n-
s°m≠v {]m¿∞n-°p-∂p. B k-a-bØv P\w hn. Gh≥tK-en-tbm\p
tij-ap≈ s]mXp-hmb KoX-ßtfm AXXv Znh-ksØ {]tXy-I-Ko-X-
ßtfm ]mSp∂p. s]mXp-hmb KoX-߃ F√mw thZ-`m-K-ßsf ASn-
ÿm-\-am-°n-bp≈ KoX-ß-fmWv.
bP-am-\≥h-cp-a-t∂-c-Øv...... eqt°mkv 12:37.
\n_n-b-∑mcpw PmXn-I-tfm..... aØmbn 10:40, 41.
aqti... Btem-tlm...... ]pd-∏mSv 3:2.
]cn-ip-≤m˛-e-b-ap-≈n¬..... eqt°mkv 1:10.
I¿Øm-h-cp-fn-sN-bvXp-Rm≥........ tbml-∂m≥ 6:51.
AJnew Rm\m-cm˛-™n-´pw....... k¶o¿Ø\w 19:9, 11.
hn. Gh≥tKen-tbm≥ hmb-\-`m-K-Øns‚ hymJym-\-amWv {]kw-K-
Øn¬ {]Xo-£n-°p-∂-Xv. \ΩpsS I¿Ømhv {]kw-Kn-°p-Ibpw AZv`p-
X-߃ {]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw sNbvX Xs‚ ]c-ky-ip-{iq-j-bpsS Hm¿Ω-
sIm-≠m-Sp∂ Cu Ah-k-c-Øn¬ Xs∂ {]kw-Kn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p ]mc-
ºcyw. \ΩpsS I¿Øm-hns‚ hN-\-ß-sfbpw {]hrØn-I-sfbpw hni-
Zo-I-cn-°p-I-bm-Wt√m {]kwKw sIm≠v Dt±-in-°p-∂Xv. hnizm-kn-Isf
hn. Ip¿∫m-\-bv°mbn Hcp-°p-hm\pw {]kwKw D]-I-cn-°p-∂p. F∂m¬
C∂v k`-bn¬ {]kwKw as‰mcp ka-b-tØ°v am‰n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. _kv-
a¬t°m-bpsS CS-bntem ssIap-Øn\v aptºm {]kwKw \S-Øp∂p.
ImcWw, P\-ß-fn¬ Gdn-b-]¶pw thZ-hm-b-\-`mKw Ign-™-ti-j-amWv
]≈n-bn¬ FØp-∂-Xv. Bb-Xn-\m¬ hmb-\m-`m-K-߃ P\-߃°v
\jvS-s∏-Sp∂p. Xma-kn®p hcp-∂-h¿°pw ktµiw e`y-am-IWw F∂p-
≈-Xn-\m-emWv {]kwKka-bw -am‰nh®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. P\-߃ hn. Ip¿-
38 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
∫m\ Bcw-`n-°p-∂-Xn\v apºv hcp-∂psh-¶n¬ bYm-k-abw {]kwKw
\S-Øp-hm≥ Ign-bpw.
At∏mkvtXm-e-∑m-cpsS hN-\-tØ-°mƒ IqSp-X¬ i‡-amWv I¿-
Øm-hns‚ hN-\w. I¿Øm-hns‚ i‡nbpw A[n-Im-chpw \∑bpw a\p-
jy-cp-sS -ap-ºn¬ s]s´∂v {]Z¿in-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-t\-°mƒ \√Xv Ahy-
‡-X-bn¬ \n∂v hy‡-X-bn-te°v t]mIp-∂-XmsW-∂p≈Xn\m-emWv
kphn-ti-j-hm-b\ HSp-hn¬ h®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
hn. Gh≥tK-en-tbm-\p -ti-j-ap≈ Km\-Øn\v tijw ip{iq-j-I≥
kvXusa≥Imtemkv (\mw \√-hÆw \n¬°-Ww) F∂v D®-Øn¬
]d-™p-sIm≠v- P\sØ ip{iq-jb - n¬ {i≤-tbmsS kw_-‘n-°p-hm≥
Blzm\w sNøp-∂p. XpS¿∂v {]pantbm≥, lqtkmtbm (]m-]-tam-N\-
{]m¿∞-\), skZd F∂nh sNm√p-∂p. ssZh-I-cp-Wsb bmNn-®p-sIm-
≠mWv {]pantbm≥ Bcw-`n-°p-∂-Xv. {]pan-tbm≥ Ah-km-\n-°p-tºmƒ
]´-°m-c≥ timi-∏m-bpsS aS-°n-h-®n-cn-°p∂ aqe \nh¿Øn CSp-∂p.
\ΩpsS I¿Øm-hns‚ I√-d-bpsS ap{Z- \o-°n-b-Xn-s\-bmWv CXv kqNn-
∏n-°p-∂-Xv. XpS¿∂v ip{iq-j-I≥ A\p-{K-ln-°p-∂-h-\mb I¿Øm-
hns‚ apºm-sIbpw, ]pWyw -\¬Ip∂ _en-]o-T-Øns‚ apºm-sIbpw
Znhyhpw kz¿§o-b-hp-amb Cu hnip-≤-c-l-ky-ß-fpsS apºm-sIbpw
`b-¶c
- a
- mb Cu hnip≤ Ip¿∫m-\b - psS apºm-sI-bp-amWv \mw \n¬°p-
∂Xv F∂v D®-Øn¬ hnfn-®p-]-d-bp-∂p. Cu Ah-k-c-Øn¬ ]´-°m-
c≥ Ip¥pcp°w [q]-°p-‰n-bn¬ CSp-∂p.
CXn-\p-tijw ]m]-tam-N-\-Øn\v th≠n-bp≈ {]m¿∞-\, skZd
F∂nh sNm√p-∂p. Cu ka-bØv ip{iq-j-I≥ [q]w A¿∏n-°p-∂p.
hn. Ip¿∫m-\-bnse Hcp {][m-\ -`m-K-am-Wn-Xv. ain-lm-bpsS apºn¬
s]m∂v, aqcv, Ip¥p-cp°w F∂nh ImgvN-h-®-Xp- t]mse \ΩpsS
tZlhpw tZlnbpw Bflmhpw Znhy-_-en-°p -ap-ºmsI ka¿∏n®v ]m]-
]-cn-lmcw {]m]n-°-W-sa∂v DZvt_m-[n-∏n-°p-∂p. {InkvXo-b-Po-hn-X-
Øns‚ sI´p-]-Wn°pw hn⁄m-\-Øn\pw [ym\-]-c-amb ]T-\-Øn\pw
skZdm-bnse {]m¿∞-\-Iƒ D]-I-cn-°p-∂p.
{XnXz-kvXpXn, [q]-I-eiw hmgvج
{]pantbm≥, skZd {]m¿∞-\I - ƒ sNm√n-°g- n™v {XnXz-\m-aØ
- n¬
[q]-I-eiw hmgvØp∂p. ain-lm-bpsS amtam-Zo-km-bn¬ hy‡-ambn
shfn-s∏´ hn. {XnXz-sØ-bmWv Cu Ah-k-c-Øn¬ A\p-kva-cn-°p-
∂Xv (hn. aØm. 3:16, 17). [q]-°p‰n hmgvØp-∂Xv BZyw Hcp Nß-e-
39 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
bn¬ ]nSn-®p-sIm≠v ]nXm-hn-t\mSv kvXpXn A¿∏n-®p-sIm-≠mWv. CXn-
\p-tijw c≠p- N-ß-e-Iƒ Iq´n-∏n-Sn®v ]p{X-t\mSv {]m¿∞n-°p-∂p.
I¿Øm-hns‚ a\pjyXztØbpw ssZh-Xz-tØbpw Hm¿°p-hm-\mWv
c≠v N-ß-e-bn¬ ]nSn-°p-∂-Xv. \mem-asØ Nß-e-bn¬ ]nSn-®p-sIm≠v
]cn-ip≤ dqlmsb kvXpXn-°p-∂p. {XntbI ssZhw ]cn-ip-≤-\m-bn-cn-
°p-∂-Xp-t]mse \mapw hnip-≤-cmbn XocWw F∂v CXn-eqsS \sΩ
Hm¿Ωn-∏n-°p-∂p. IqSmsX {XnXz-Øns‚ Ir]bpw A\p-{K-lß - fpw \Ωp-
sStaepw ]nXm-°fpw ktlm-Z-c-ßfpw Kpcp-°-∑mcpw kI-e -a-cn-®pt]m-
b-hcpw Bb F√m-h-cpsStaepw D≠m-IWw F∂pw {]m¿∞n-°p-∂p.
[q]-°p‰n hn. k`-bp-sSbpw temI-Øn-s‚bpw {]Xo-Ia
- m-Ib
- m¬ [q]-
°p‰n hmgvØp∂ ip{iqj k`-bm-Ip∂ Bcm-[I kaq-lsØ hmgv-
Øp∂ ip{iq-j-bm-Wv. [q]-°p‰n hmgvØn-b-tijw ]ptcm-ln-X≥ P\-
Øn\v [q]w hoip∂p. XpS¿∂v [q]-°p‰n ip{iq-jI - s\ G¬]n-°p∂p.
ip{iq-j-I≥ hn. t{XmtWm-kn-\p-Np‰n hoin-b-tijw ]Sn-™m-tdm´v
ssl°-em-bn-eqsS t]mIp-∂p. ]. dqlm-bm-Ip∂ A·n-sIm≠v Pzen®v
kpK‘w ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°p∂hcmbncn°Ww F∂v \sΩ DZvt_m-[n-∏n-
°p-∂p. IqSmsX I¿Øm-hns‚ ]cky ip{iqj Bcw-`n-®p-sh∂v
P\sØ Adn-bn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.
hnizm-k-{]-amWw
\nJym-bnepw (F. Un. 325) IpkvX-¥o-t\m-kvt]m-eo-knepw (F.
Un. 381), Ft∏-kq-knepw (F. Un. 431) \S∂ aq∂v s]mXp kp∂-l-
tZm-kp-I-fnse Xocp-am-\-߃ Iq´n-t®¿ØmWv hnizm-k-{]-amWw
t{ImUo-I-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. [q]-°p‰n hmgvØn Bcm-[n® hn. {XnXz-Øn-
ep≈ hnizmkw hnizm-k-{]-amWw sNm√n \mw G‰p-]-d-bp-∂p. hn.
Ip¿∫m\ BcpsS apºn¬ ka¿∏n-°p-∂pthm B ]nXm-hnepw, hn.
Ip¿∫m-\-bnse _en-h-kvXphpw ]ptcm-ln-X-\p-amb ]p{X-\nepw
BcpsS hym]m-c-Øn-emtWm hn. Ip¿∫m\ A¿∏n-°p-∂Xv B hn.
dqlm-bnepw D≈ hnizmkw G‰p]d-bp-∂p. IqSmsX hn. k`-bnepw
acn-®h
- c
- psS Dbn¿∏nepw, \nXy-Po-h\
- nepw D≈ hnizmkw G‰p-]d- b
- p∂p.
hnizm-k-{]-am-W-Øn¬ k`-bpsS Xmsg-]-d-bp∂ ASn-ÿm\ hnizm-
k-߃ AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
1. kXy-GI ssZh-Øn-ep≈ hnizm-kw.
2. hn. {XnXz-Øn-ep≈ hnizm-kw.
3. ]p{X≥ Xºp-cms‚ a\p-jym-h-Xm-c-Ønepw, P\-\w, {Iqip-a-c-Ww,
40 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
Dbn¿∏v, kz¿§m-tcm-l-Ww, c≠m-a-sØ -h-chv, \ymb-hn[n Ch-bn-ep≈
hnizm-kw.
4. ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn-ep≈ hnizm-kw.
5. hn. k`-bn-ep≈ hnizm-kw.
6. amtam-Zo-km-bnepw ]m]-tam-N-\-Øn-ep-ap≈ hnizm-kw.
7. acn-®-h-cpsS Dbn¿∏n-ep≈ hnizm-kw.
8. hcp-hm-\p≈ temI-Ønse \nXy-Po-h-\n-ep≈ hnizm-kw.
\ΩpsS Hcp Bcm- [ - \ bpw \a- k v I m- c hpw hnizm- k - { ]- a mWw
sNm√msX ]q¿Øn-bm-Ip-∂n-√.
Bcm-[-\-bn¬ hnizm-k-{]-amWw
D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xns‚ Imc-W-߃
1. hnizm-kn-Iƒ t\cmb hnizmkw ]pe¿Øp-∂-h-cm-sW∂ t_m[-
ap≈h-cm-Ip-hm≥.
2. hn. Bcm-[-\-bv°mbn IqSnh∂n-cn-°p∂ X߃s°√mw Htc
kXy-hn-izm-k-am-sW-∂p-≈Xv {]Jym-]n-°p-hm≥.
3.- hn-izmk {]Jym-]-\-Øn-eqsS Xß-fpsS A[-c-ßfpw a\- p-Ifpw
lrZ-b-ßfpw hnip-≤-am-°-s∏-Sp-hm≥.
4. Xß-fpsS hnizmkw A©p- c-l-ky-ß-fn-emWv {][m-\-am-bp-≈Xv
F∂v ÿnc-ambn Hm¿°p-hm≥ ˛ hn. {XnXzw, a\p-jym-hX
- m-cw, hn. amtam-
Zo-km, s]mXp-hmb ]p\-cp-∞m-\w, A¥y-\ym-b-hn[n F∂n-h.
P\-߃ hnizm-k{- ]-amWw sNm√p-∂X
- n-\n-Sbv°v ]ptcm-ln-X≥ aq∂v
{][m\ I¿Ω߃ sNøp-∂p.
1. ssIhn-c-ep-Iƒ Igp-Ip∂p
I¿Ømhv Xs‚ A¥y-A-Øm-g-Øn\v apºv injy-∑m-cpsS Imep-
Iƒ Igp-In-b-Xns\ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. CXn-s\-∏‰n hn. kndn¬ ]d-bp-
∂Xv C{]-Im-c-amWv: ""{]h¿Ø-\-ß-fpsS {]Xo-I-amWv ssI. Bb-Xn-
\m¬ AXv Igp-Ip-∂-Xp-aqew A¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv \ΩpsS the-I-fpsS
Bflm¿∞-Xbpw ]cn-ip-≤n-bp-am-Wv.'' ssIIƒ Igp-Ip-∂X- ns‚ Dt±iyw
B kabsØ {]m¿∞\bn¬ \n∂v hy‡-amIpw. ""ssZh-amb I¿-
Ømth, ]cn-ip-≤hpw ip≤o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xp-amb \ns‚ alm-hn-ip-≤-ÿ-
eØv {]th-in®v hµy-ßfpw Znhy-ßf - p-amb \ns‚ cl-ky-ßsf If¶w
IqSmsX kv]¿in-°p-hm≥ th≠n Fs‚ Bflm-hns‚ aen-\-I-c-amb
41 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
Agp-°ns\ \o Igp-In-°f™v Poh-{]-Z-amb \ns‚ Xfn-∏p-aqew Fs∂-
sh-Sn-∏m-°-Wta.'' AXp-t]mse F√m temI-Xm-ev]-cy-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw
]ptcm-ln-X≥ Xs‚ a\- ns\ Igp-Ip-∂-Xns‚ kqN-\-bm-bn-´mWv _en-
]o-T-Øns‚ apºn¬ ssIhn-c-ep-Iƒ Igp-Ip-∂-Xv.
2. ]Sn-™m-tdm´v Xncn™v ssIIƒ ae¿Øn
{]m¿∞n-°p-hm≥ At]-£n-°p∂p
taev]-´-°m-c≥ k∂n-ln-X-\m-sW-¶n¬ At±-l-Øns‚ ssIIƒ
apØn ]nXmth tamN\w \¬In Fs∂ A\p-{K-ln-°-Wta F∂pw
a‰v ]´-°m-cp-s≠-¶n¬ Ah¿°v kam-[m\w \¬Inbpw P\-Øn\v t\sc
Xncn™v ktlm-Z-c-∑msc Kpcp-°-∑msc, Cu hn. Ip¿∫m\ ssIs°m-
≈-s∏-Sp-hm≥ F\n-°p-th≠n {]m¿∞n-°-W-tasb∂pw At]-£n-
°p∂p. Xs‚bpw P\-Øn-s‚bpw ]m]-tam-N\ - Ø
- n\v th≠n {]m¿∞n®v,
hn. t{XmtWm-kn¬ {Iao-Ic - n-®n-cn-°p∂ A∏-ho-™p-If- n-te°v ]. dqlm
Bh-kn®v AXns\ \ΩpsS I¿Øm-hns‚ Xncp-i-co-c-c-‡-ß-fm-°p∂
`b-¶-chpw ]cn-ip-≤-hp-amb ka-b-Øn-te°v BWv C\n {]th-i-n-°p-
∂-Xv. amem-Ja - m¿ t]mepw t\m°p-hm≥ `b-s∏-Sp∂ B hn. _en k¿∆
temI-Øn\pwth≠n A¿∏n-°p-hm≥ ]ptcm-ln-Xs\ i‡\pw tbmKy-
\p-am°nØo¿°p-hm≥ th≠n ]nXmhmw ssZh-tØmSv Bcm-[I - k- wLw
apgp-h\pw At]-£n-°p-I-bmWv CXn-eqsS sNøp-∂-Xv.
3. hn. t{XmtWm-kns‚ apºn¬ ap´p-IpØn
cl-ky-{]m¿∞\ \S-Øp∂p
]´-°m-c≥ hn. t{XmtWm-kns‚ apºn¬ ap´p-IpØn {]m¿∞n-°p-
∂-Xmbn Xqtbm-t_m-bnepw I≠-Xm-Wv. hn. Ip¿∫m\ AwKo-I-cn-°-
s∏-Sp-hm\pw X\n°p ]m]-£-abpw Icp-Wbpw e`n-°p-hm\pw th≠n
hn. {XnXz-tØmSv ]ptcm-ln-X≥ At]-£n-°p-∂p. IqSmsX ssZh-P-\-
\n°pw kI-e- ]-cn-ip-≤-∑m¿°pw hnizm-kn-I-fmb kI-e- a-cn-®p-t]m-
b-h¿°pw \ns‚ kz¿§ob _en-]o-T-Øn-¶¬ Bizm-khpw \√ Hm¿-
Ωbpw Icp-W-tbmsS \¬I-W-sa∂pw Xs‚ _e-lo-\-Xbv°v \ns‚
amXm-hn-s‚bpw ]cn-ip-≤∑
- m-cp-sSbpw {]m¿∞-\I
- f
- m¬ klmbw {]m]n-
°p-∂-Xn\pw th≠n {]m¿∞n-°p-∂p. am{X-a√ kI-e -hm-ßn-t∏m-b-h-
tcbpw, hn. Ip¿∫m-\-bn¬ Hm¿°p-hm≥ t]cp-Iƒ \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂-h-
scbpw Hm¿Øv Ah-cpsS ]m]-tam-N-\-Øn\v th≠nbpw {]m¿∞n-®p-
sIm≠v hncn-s°-´n¬ Ipcn-i-S-bmfw hc-bv°p-∂p. A\-¥cw Fgp-t∂‰v
t{XmtWm-kp- apØn Z¿Km-bn¬ Ibdn \n∂p-sIm≠v hn. Ip¿∫m\
Bcw-`n-°p-∂p. Chn-sS-hsc ]c-ky-ip-{iq-j- Z¿Km-bpsS Xmsg- \n-∂p-
42 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
sIm-≠mWv \S-Øp-∂-Xv. Cu ka-bØv [q]w hoin ip{iq-j-I≥
ssl°vem-bn¬ ]Sn-™msdA‰w-hsc h∂v Xncn™pt]mIp-∂Xv, hn.
{XnXz-Øn-ep≈ hnizmkw G‰p-]-d-™mWv hn. Ip¿∫m\ Bcw-`n-°p-
∂-Xv F∂v P\sØ Adn-bn-°p-hm\pw [q]-Øm¬ ip≤o-I-cn-°p-∂-
Xn\pw th≠n-bmWv. ainlm kz¿§-Øn¬ \n∂v Cdßn `qan-bn-sem-
s°bpw k©-cn-®-tijw ho≠pw kz¿§-Øn¬ {]th-in-®-Xns\ CXv
A\p-kva-cn-°p∂p F∂pw hymJym-\n°-s∏-Sp-∂p.
C\n-bp≈ `mK-߃ hnizmkw G‰p]d™v hn. amtam-Zokm kzoI-
cn-®-h¿°v am{Xw kw_-‘n-°p-hm-\p≈XmI-bm¬ hnizm-kn-Iƒ A√m-
Ø-h¿ ]pd-Øp-t]m-Ip-hm≥ Hm¿Ωn-∏n-°p-∂p. BZna-Im-eØv A°q-
´¿ Cu kabw ]ncn™v t]mIp-∂p. Ct∏mƒ Aßs\ kw_-‘n-°p-
∂-hsc km[m-c-W-bmbn I≠p-h-cp-∂n-√.
P\w kXy-hn-izmkw kzoI-cn-®n-cn-°p∂p F∂v t_m[y-s∏-´-Xn-
s‚bpw AYhm Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ ]ncn-™p-t]mbn F∂-Xn-s‚bpw kqN-
\bmbn ip{iq-j-I≥ he-Øp-I-øn¬ [q]-°p-‰n-bpsS sImfpØpw CS-
sØ-°-øn¬ Nß-e-Iƒ H∂mbn Iq´n-∏n-Sn®pwsIm≠v aZv_-lm-bpsS
\S-bn¬ sX°p-`m-K-Ømbn \n¬°p-Ibpw ]´-°m-c≥ {]m¿∞\ ]q¿-
Øn-bm-°n-bX
- n\v tijw \mw \√-hÆw \nev°Ww (kvXu-a≥....) F∂v
P\-ßsf {]t_m-[n-∏n-®p-sIm≠v hn. aZv_l
- m-bn-te°v {]th-in-°p∂p.
kv\m\m¿∞n-Iƒ°p kw_-‘n-°m-hp∂ `mKw Chn-sS A-h-km-\n-
°p∂p.
43 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
4
A\m-t^mdm
(hn. Ip¿∫m\)
]cky ip{iq-jb- psS c≠mw `mK-amb hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v am{Xw kw_-
‘n-°m-hp∂ `mK-am-Wn-Xv. hn. Ip¿_m-\-bn¬ hnizm-k-{]-amWw
Ign™v kam[m\Øn-\p≈ {]m¿∞-\-tbm-Sp -IqSn Bcw-`n-°p∂ `mK-
Øn\v s]mXp-hmbn ]d-bp∂ t]cmWv A\m-t^mdm. Bcm-[-\m-{I-a-
hp-ambn _‘-s∏-Sp-Øn-∏-d-bp-tºmƒ Cu ]Z-Øn\v sIm≠p-h-cn-I,
ka¿∏n-°p-I, ImgvN-b-W-bv°pI Fs∂m-s°-bmWv A¿∞w. A\m-
t^md F∂ t]cv kam-[m-\Npw-_-\-Øn\v apºp≈ {]m¿∞\ apX¬
Ip¿_m-\b- psS Ah-km-\sØ Bio¿hmZw hsc-bp≈ `mK-Øn\v apgp-
h\pw IqSn ]d-bp-∂-Xm-Wv.
]´-°m-c≥ ]Z-hn-bn¬ Ib-dp-∂X- n\v apºmbn ip{iq-jI- ≥ kvXusa-
≥Imtemkv F∂pw P\-߃ Ipdn-tb-em-bn-tkm≥ F∂pw ]d-bp-∂p.
ip{iq-jI- ≥ CXv {]Jym-]n-°p-tºmƒ hn. Ip¿_m-\b - psS G‰hpw Kuc-
h-amb `mK-tØ°v {]th-in-°p∂p F∂-Xns‚ Adn-bn-∏m-Wv. BI-
bm¬ DZm-ko-\X- I- q-SmsX `b-tØmSpw `‡n-tbmSpw {i≤-tbmSpw IqsS
\nev°Ww F∂v Hm¿∏n-°p-∂p. At∏mƒ P\w Cu hnip-≤hpw kz¿Ko-
b-hp-amb Bcm-[-\bv°v `b-`-‡n-tbmsS kw_-‘n-∏m≥ X°-hÆw
Rßsf tbmKy-cm-°p-hm≥ ssZh-Øns‚ IcpW Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn-
\mbn I¿Ømsh Icp-W- sN-ø-Wta F∂v At]-£n-°p-∂p.
A\-¥cw ]´-°m-c≥ hn. t{XmtWm-kns‚ ]-Z-hnta¬ Ibdn\n∂p-
sIm≠v XpS¿∂p≈ {]m¿∞-\-Iƒ \S-Øp-∂p. ]Zhn ta¬ Ib-dp-∂Xv
hn. Ip¿_m-\ -ÿm-]n-°p-hm≥ skln-tbm≥ amfn-I-bn-te°v I¿Ømhv
{]th-in-®-Xns\ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. sImtem-ky¿ 3:1˛¬ ]d-bp-∂-Xp-
t]mse ({InkvXphnt\m-Sp-IqSn Dbn¿∏n-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v
\n߃ D∂-X-Ønse Imcy-߃ At\z-jn-°p-I) `uXn-I-tem-I- kw_-
‘-amb kI-e-Øn¬ \n∂pw Db¿∂v ssZh-Øns‚ he-Øp-`m-KØp
ain-lm-Xº - p-cm≥ Ccn-°p∂ Db-cß
- f
- n¬ Xs∂-bp≈ Imcy-߃ Nn¥n-
°p-∂p-sh∂pw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. A\-¥cw I¿Ømhv \¬Inb kam-
[m\w {]m]n-°p-hm≥ At]-£n-°p-∂p. am¿ tbml-∂m≥ Gh≥tKen-
kvXm-bpsS XIvkm-bn¬ kam-[m-\-Øn\v apºp≈ {]m¿∞\ {it≤-
b-amWv: ""_e-hm-\mb ssZhta \o kXy-kvt\-lhpw ]cm-Pb- s
- ∏SmØ
44 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
im¥n-bpw, Dd-∏p≈ {]Xym-i-bp-am-Ip-∂p. ssZh-amb I¿Ømth, \ns‚
t{ijvT-X-bpsS apºmsI \n¬°p∂ Cu \ns‚ ZmkoZmk-∑m¿°v
kvt\lhpw, kt¥m-jhpw \nXy-amb kam-[m-\hpw \¬I-W-ta.
\n¿Ωe -lr-Z-b-tØmSpw, Bfl-hn-ip-≤n-tbmSpw IqsS \ns‚ ]cn-ip≤
Xncp-\m-a-Øn\v {]km-Z-I-c-amb ]cn-ip≤ Npw_-\-Øm¬ ]c-kv]cw
kam-[m\w sImSp-°p-hm≥ Rßsf F√m-h-scbpw tbmKy-cm-°-Wta.''
Cu kam-[m-\-Npw-_\w \nXy-amb kam-[m-\-Øn-s‚bpw \njvI-
f¶ kvt\l-Øns‚bpw {]Xo-I-am-bn-cn-°-Ww. Cu Npw_\w ]cn-ip-
≤hpw Xncp-\m-a-Øn\v {]km-Z-I-chpw Bbn-cn-°-Ww.
XpS¿∂v ]´-°m-c≥ "\n߃s°-√m-h¿°pw kam-[m-\-ap-≠m-bn-cn-
°s´' F∂v Biw-kn-°p∂p; XpS¿∂v kam-[m\w ssIam-dp-∂p. P\w
{]Xn-hm-Iy-ambn "Ahn-SpsØ Bflm-hn\pw D≠m-bn-cn-°s´' F∂p
]d-bp-∂p. F√m-hcpw XΩn¬XΩn¬ ssIIkvXqcn sImSp-°p-∂Xv kI-
e-tcmSpw \nc-∏m-b-Xns‚ kqN-\-bm-Wv. hn. Ip¿_m\ Bcw-`n-°p-∂-
Xn-\p-apºv \nc-∏ns‚ A\p-`hw Bh-iy-am-Wv. ktlm-Z-c-\p-ambn \nc-
∏m-b-Xns‚ tijw thWw hn. Bcm-[-\-bn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°p-hm≥. I¿-
Ømhv C{]-Imcw ]d-bp∂p (a-Øm-bn. 5:23, 24). "BI-bm¬ \ns‚
hgn-]mSv bmK-]o-TØ
- n-¶¬ sIm≠p-hc - p-tºmƒ ktlm-Zc - \v \ns‚ t\sc
h√Xpw Ds≠∂v Ahn-sS-h®v Hm¿Ω-h-∂m¬ \ns‚ hgn-]mSv AhnsS
bmK-]o-T-Øns‚ apºn¬ h-t®®p H∂m-aXp sN∂p ktlm-Z-c-t\mSp
\nc-∂p-sImƒI. ]ns∂ h∂p \ns‚ hgn-]mSv Ign-°.' AXp-t]mse
(tbml. 13:34), (1 tImcn 13:1˛3), (1 tbml. 4:20), (1 tImcn. 16:20) F∂n-
h-nS-ß-fn¬ kvt\l-sØ-°p-dn®v {]tXyIw {]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂p.
I¿Ømhv Xs‚ injy-∑m¿°v kam-[m\w Acp-fn-s®-bvX-Xp-t]mse
I¿Øm-hns‚ ÿm\Øv \n∂p-sIm≠v P\-Øn\v ]ptcm-ln-X≥ kam-
[m\w Biw-kn-°p-∂p. AXn-\p-tijw ssZhw \tΩmSv \nc-∏mbn B
\nc∏v \mw a‰p-≈-h-cn-te°v hym]n-∏n-°Ww F∂ A¿∞-Øn¬ ]´-
°m-c\pw ip{iq-jI
- \pw BZyw t{XmtWm-kp a
- pØn kam-[m\w {]m]n®
tij-amWv a‰p-≈-h¿°p sImSp-°p-∂Xv. k`-bpsS {]Xo-I-amb [q]-
°p-‰nbpw kam-[m-\-Øns‚ {]Xo-I-amb Iq∏p-ssI-Ifpw Hcp-an®v
tN¿Øp]n-Sn-®mWv ssZhn-I-amb Cu kam-[m\w hym]-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.
BZn-a-Im-eØv hnizm-kn-Iƒ XΩn¬ Npw_\w \S-Øn-bn-cp∂p.
F∂m¬ AXn¬ Nne- Zp-jn-∏p-Iƒ h∂-Xn-\m-emWv Ct∏mƒ ssII-
kvXqcn \S-∏n-em-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Cu kam-[m-\-Npw-_-\-sØ-∏‰n "hn.
Ip¿_m\ Hcp [ym\m-flI ]T\w' F∂ ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ _nj-∏v F®v.
45 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
s]°≥lmw hmƒjv ]d-bp-∂Xv C{]-Im-c-am-Wv: "[q]-I-eiw, Ccp-I-
c-߃ F∂n-h-bm¬ \n߃ \nh¿Øn-°p∂ A¿∞-]p-jvShpw AXn-
a-t\m-l-c-hp-amb Cu BNmcw Fhn-sS-\n∂v D¤-hn®p F∂v F\n°v
Adn-hn-√. Fs‚ Adn-hn¬ s]´n-St- Ømfw CXv ss{IkvXh
- t- em-IØ
- n¬
AXp-ey-am-sW∂v am{X-a√ {]Nm-c-Øn-ep≈ hnhn-[m-Nm-c-co-Xn-I-fn¬
Fs‚ A`n-{]m-b-{]-Imcw G‰hpw DØ-a-hp-am-Wv.'
hn. Ip¿_m-\-bnse c≠m-asØ ASn-ÿm-\-`mhw (hm-gvØp-I)
F∂Xv \S-°p-∂Xv XpS¿∂p≈ `mK-ß-fn-em-Wv. \nc-∏m-I-ens‚ ip{iq-
jbv°p tijw ip{iq-jI- s‚ DZvt_m-[\w aqew ssZh-Øn¬ \n∂p≈
A\p-{K-l-߃ e`n-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn Xe-Ip-\n®v \n∂v [ym\n-°p-∂p.
]ptcm-ln-X≥ {]tXyIw {]m¿∞\ \S-Øp-Ibpw {]m¿∞-\-bpsS Ah-
km\w hsc P\w Xe-Ip-\n®v \n¬°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.
hn\o-X- kam]\-{]m¿∞\
ASp-Ø-Xmbn "hgn-sX-‰n-t∏mb BSp-Isf XncnsI sIm≠p-h-cp-hm-
\mbn kz]p-{Xs\ temI-Øn-te°v Ab® ]nXmhmw ssZh-ta....' (am¿
bmt°m_ns‚ XIvk) F∂p XpSßp∂ {]m¿∞\ sNm√p-∂p. hn.
Ip¿_m-\-bpsS ]c-ky-amb Hcp-°-Øns‚ {]m¿∞-\-I-fn¬ Ah-km-
\-{]m¿∞-\-bm-Wn-Xv. Cu c£m-Ic IqZmi R߃°v in£m-hn-[n-
°mbn Xocm-Xn-cn-°p-hm≥ th≠n Ahn-SpsØ Icp-W-bn¬ R߃
B{i-bn-°p∂p F∂v {]m¿∞n-°p∂p. Np¶-°m-c-s\-t∏mse ]cn-]q¿Æ-
ambn ssZh-Øn\v ka¿∏n-®p-sIm≠v D≈ {]m¿∞-\-bm-Wn-Xv.
timi∏m BtLmjw
]{¥≠p C{km-tb¬ tKm{X-߃°v sh≈w Hgp-°n-sIm-SpØ \ocp-
d-hsb Bh-cWw sNbvXn-cp∂ Xo°¬]m-dt- bbpw I¿Øm-hns‚ I_-
dn-¶¬ h®- I√ns\bpw timi∏m kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p (bmt°m-_ns‚
XIvk). hfsc cl-kym-fl-Ihpw AXn-Ku-c-h-hp-amb Hm¿Ω-I-fpsS
Bcm-[\mka-b-am-WnXv. kI-e¿°pw- th-≠n-bp≈ Cu Poh-\p≈
_ensb ]nXm-hm-b- ssZ-h-Øn\v \nc-∏nepw kam-[m-\-Ønepw AW-
bv°p∂ Cu ka-b-Øns‚ Kuchw ip{iq-j-I≥ Xs‚ DZvt_m-[-\-
Øn-eqsS Adn-bn-°p-∂p.
timi∏m BtLm-jn®v FSp-Øp-am-‰p-∂Xv I¿Øm-hns‚ adp-cq-]-
ka-bØv kz¿Kw Xpd-°-s∏-´-Xn-s\bpw, Xs‚ ]ckyip{iq-j -aqew
\ymb-{]-am-W -b-h-\nI ]q¿Æ-ambn \o°-s∏-´-Xn-s\bpw (sb-iø 25:7,
2 tImcn. 3:14) kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. XpS¿®-bmbn aq∂v {]mhiyw timi∏m
46 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
BtLm-jn-°p-∂-Xv hn. ]t{Xm-kn-\p-≠mb Z¿i-\-sØ-bmWv A\p-
kva-cn-°p-∂-Xv (A-t∏m. {]hrØn 10:11˛16). Hcp Xps∏-´n-bn¬ kz¿§-
Øn¬ \n∂v k¿∆Poh-Pm-e-ß-sfbpw aq∂p- {]m-hiyw Cd-°p-Ibpw
XncnsI kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvX Cu Z¿i\w aqew C{km-tb¬ am{X-
a√ F√m PmXn-Ifpw anin-lm-bn¬ c£n-°-s∏Spw F∂v ]t{Xm-kn\v
shfn-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏´p. BI-bm¬ hn. cl-ky-ß-fpsS Ir]m-hcw {InkvXp-
hn¬ hniz-kn-°p∂ PmXn-Iƒ°pw tamN-\-Øn-\mbv \¬I-s∏-´n-cn-
°p∂p F∂p ImWn-°p-hm-\mWv timi∏m Db¿Øp-Ibpw XmgvØp-
Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xv.
timi∏m BtLm-j-k-a-bØv kz¿§w Xpd-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw Ai-co-
cn-I-fmb kz¿§obssk\y-ßfpw ]tc-X-cmb hnizm-kn-Ifpw \tΩm-
sSm-∂n®v hn. Ip¿_m-\-bn¬ kw_-‘n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p F∂v adp-
h-lvkm-I-fpsSbpw Inep-°p-a-Wn-I-fp-sSbpw i_vZw \sΩ Hm¿Ω-s∏-
Sp-Øp-∂p.
CXp-h-sc-bp≈ ip{iq-j-I-fn¬ I¿Øm-hns‚ P\\w apX¬ ]c-
ky-ip-{iq-j- h-sc-bp≈ ImcyßfmWv A\p-kvac- n-®X
- v. C\n-bp≈ ip{iq-
j-Iƒ _en-]o-TsØ tI{µo-I-cn-®p-sIm-≠mWv \S-Øp-∂-Xv. hn. Ip¿-
_m\ ÿm]-\w, ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ Bhmkw apX-em-bh _en-
]oThpw A∏-ho-™p-Ifpw tI{µo-I-cn-®mWv. X∑qew Imkm-]o-em-k-
I-fn¬ \n∂v timi∏m Db¿Øn-am-t‰-≠Xv Bh-iy-hp-am-Wv. \ΩpsS
I¿Ømhv ]c-ky-ambn Adn-b-s∏-SmsX {]m¿∞-\-bnepw D]-hm-k-
Ønepw Xs‚ ]c-ky-ip-{iq-jb - v°p≈ Hcp-°ß
- ƒ sNbvXv Xm≥ Xs∂
temI-Øn\v shfn-s∏-´-Xns‚ Hm¿Ωip{iq-j- Iq-Sn-bm-Wn-Xv.
BZy dqivam
]nXmhmw ssZh-Øns‚ kvt\lhpw.... F∂ Cu Bio¿hmZw
ss«ln-I-hmgvhv F∂dnbs∏Sp∂p. {XnXz\maØnemWv Cu Bio¿-
hmZw \¬Ip-∂-Xv. 2 tImcn. 13:14 hmIy-Øn¬ Cu Bio¿hmZw \ap°v
ImWp-hm≥ km[n°pw. kz¿§w Xpd-°-s∏-´-Xn-\m¬ {XnXz-Øns‚ al-
Xz-ta-dnb Bio¿hmZw e`n-°p-∂p. Bflob Nn¥-bp-W¿Øn Bfl-
ssN-X\yw Dƒs°m≠v XpS¿∂p≈ Bcm-[-\-bn¬ kw_-‘n-°p-hm≥
\sΩ DZvt_m-[n-∏n-°p-I-bmWv ]´-°m-c≥ sNøp-∂-Xv.
XpS¿∂v a\-kp-Ifpw Nn¥-Ifpw lrZ-b-ßfpw ssZh-Øn-te°v Db¿-
Øp-hm≥ ]´-°m-c≥ DZvt_m-[n-∏n-°p-∂p. CXp-h-sc-bp≈ DZvt_m-[-\-
߃ F√mw ip{iq-j-I¿ BWv \S-Øn-bncp∂Xv. F∂m¬ C\n-bp≈
47 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
`mK-߃ AXn-t{i-jvThpw AXn-Ku-c-h-hp-amb ka-b-amWv. kz¿§o-b-
tk-\-Iƒ t]mepw ]cn-{`-a-tØmSpw `‡n-tbm-Spw-IqSn kw_-‘n-°p∂
`mK-am-WnXv. AXp-sIm-≠mWv ]´-°m-c≥ Xs∂ DZvt_m-[\w \¬Ip-
∂-Xv.
A\-¥cw ]´-°m-c≥ hn. Ip¿_m-\-ta¬ ssIIƒ BtLm-jn-
°p∂p. Xs‚ c≠v ssIIfpw Db¿Øn {]mhns‚ Nnd-Ip-Iƒ t]mse
Nen-∏n®psIm≠v kz¿§obkvXpXn BtLmjw \S-Øp-∂p. ]´-°m-
c≥, ]cn-ip-≤≥ F∂p -Xp-S-ßp∂ kvXpXn i_vZ-tØmsS cl-ky-{]m¿-
∞\ \S-Øp-∂p (shfn. 4:8). B kabw P\-߃ "Xs‚ kvXpXn-I-
fm¬ BIm-ihpw `qanbpw....' F∂p XpS-ßp∂ {]Xn-h-N-\-{]m¿∞\
\S-Øp-∂p. sbi-ømhv {]hm-NI- \v D≠mb Z¿i-\Ø
- n¬ I≠ t{kmt∏-
∑m-cpsS kvXpXnbpw (sb-iø 6:3) Duim\ \mfnse ss]X-ß-fpsS
kvXpXnbpsSbpw (eq-t°mkv 19:38, k¶o¿Ø\w 118:26) ktΩ-f-\-amb
Hcp {]m¿∞-\-bm-Wn-Xv.
hn. Ip¿_m\ ÿm]\w (hn. cl-ky-ß-fpsS {]Xn-jvT)
]ptcm-ln-X≥ Xncp-h-N-\-ßsf D≤-cn-®p-sIm≠v A∏-ho-™p-Iƒ
hmgvØp-∂p. skln-tbm≥ amfn-I-bn¬ h®v A∏-ho-™p-Iƒ FSpØp
hmgvØn ip≤o-I-cn®v Xs‚ Xncp-i-co-c-c-‡-ß-fmbn \¬In-b-Xp-t]mse
ChnsS ]ptcm-ln-X≥ {InkvXp-hns‚ ÿm\Øv \n∂p-sIm≠v A∏-
ho™p-Iƒ hmgvØp-I-hgn B Ign-™-Im-e-kw-`hw ChnsS bmYm¿-
∞yh-XvI-cn-°-s∏-Sp-I-bm-Wv. "_mtdIv D Im-tZiv' F∂v ]d-™p-
sIm≠v hmgvØp∂ Cu {]{In-b-bn¬ {]Xo-Im-flI A¿∞-߃ \¬-
In-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Xrss°-øn¬ A∏-sa-SpØp F∂Xv tbip-{InkvXp I\y-
I-bn¬ \n∂p PU-sa-SpØp F∂v {]Jym-]n-°p-I-bm-Wv. kvtXm{Xw
sNøp-∂Xv ]nXmhmw ssZh-Øns‚ C—-tbm-Sp≈ tbmPn-∏mbn Icp-
Xp-∂p. apdn-°p-I-hgn Xs‚ IjvSm-\p-`-hw, {Iqim-tcm-lWw F∂nh
\sΩ Hm¿Ω-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. A∏w hmgvØn-b-Xn\v tijw ho™p- hmgv-
Øp∂p. Imkm hmgvØp∂ ka-bsØ {]m¿∞-\-bn¬ "\n߃°p-
th-≠nbpw At\-I¿°v th≠nbpw' F∂mWv ]d-bp-∂-Xv. hn. Ip¿-
_m\ÿm]-\Ø - n¬, injy-∑m¿°mbn am{X-a√, X∂n¬ hniz-kn-°p∂
F√m-h¿°pw th≠n-bp≈XmWv Cu Xncp-i-co-c-c-‡-߃ F∂v injy-
∑msc Hm¿Ω-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xns\ Hm¿°p-∂p.
ho™pw sh≈hpw tN¿Øv D≠m-°nb Imkm ]pXn-b\ - n-ba
- Ø
- nse
DS-º-Sn-bmWv. I¿Øm-hns‚ hnem-hn¬ \n∂v Hgp-Inb c‡hpw
sh≈hpw CXn¬ ZrjvSm-¥-s∏-Sp-∂p.
48 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
A∏w hmgvØ-en-s‚bpw ho™p- hm-gvØ-en-s‚bpw {]m¿∞-\-bn¬
Cu ico-c-c-‡-߃ F¥n-\p-th-≠n-bp-≈-XmWv F∂v {]tXyIw ]d-
bp-∂p. H∂m-aXv ]m]-tam-N-\-Øn-\v, c≠m-a-Xmbn \nXy-Po-h-\p-th-≠n.
Imkm-]o-em-kI
- ƒ th¿Xn-cn®v hmgvØp-∂X - n-eqsS I¿Øm-hns‚ {Iqip-
a-cWw F∂ _en {]Xo-Im-fl-I-ambn {]Jym-]n-°p∂p (tehn 1. tlma-
_-en).
A\p-kva-cW {]Jym-]\w
Cu {]Jym-]-\-Øn¬ I¿Øm-hns‚ ac-Ww, Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂¬∏v,
c≠m-asØ hchv F∂nh A\p-kva-cn®v Ahsb h¿Ø-am-\-Im-em-\p-
`h-am-°p-∂p. CXv Hcp hnizm-k-{]-Jym-]-\-hp-am-Wv.
I¿Øm-hns‚ c≠m-asØ hc-hns\ A\p-kva-cn-®p-sIm≠v ]´-°m-
c≥ X¿t∆m-tZmbpw (kv]q¨) ivaptØmbpw (Ip-jy≥) Db¿Øn-°m-
Wn-°p-∂p.
]´-°m-cs‚ XpS¿∂p≈ {]m¿∞\ I¿Øm-hns‚ c£Wy{]h¿-
Ø-\-ß-fpsS A\p-kva-c-W-amWv. IqSmsX ]m]-tam-N-\-Øn\v th≠n
{]m¿∞n-°p-∂p. P\-߃ k¿∆-i-‡n-bp≈ ]nXmhmw ssZhta Rß-
fpsSta¬ IcpW sNø-W-ta.... F∂v ssZh-I-cp-W-°mbn {]m¿∞n-
°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.
]cn-ip-≤mfl hnfnbpw Bh-kn∏pw
]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ Bhm-kØ - n-\m-bp≈ {]m¿∞-\b - mWv XpS¿∂v
\S-°p-∂Xv. ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ hym]m-cØ - n-\mbn {]tXyIw {]m¿∞n-
°p-∂Xv Hm¿Ø-tUmIvkv k`-bpsS {]tXy-I-X-bm-Wv. Poh-\p≈ ].
dqlm {]Xm-]-tØm-Sp-IqSn Cdßn hn. Ip¿_m-\sb ip≤o-I-cn-°p∂
Cu ka-b-Øns‚ {]m[m\yw ip{iq-j-I≥ hnizm-kn-Isf A\p-kva-cn-
∏n-°p∂ Cu kµ¿`-Øn¬ ]´-°m-c≥ cl-ky-{]m¿∞\ \S-Øp-∂-
Xn-{]-Im-c-amWv: ""Poh-\p-≈-h\pw, ]cn-ip-≤\pw, Poh≥ \¬Ip-∂-h\pw,
kI-es - Øbpw ip≤o-Ic - n-°p-∂h- \ - pw, hnip-≤X \¬Ip-∂h - \
- pw, Zo¿L-
Z¿in-am¿ hgn-bmbn kwkm-cn-®h - \ - pw, «ol-∑m-scbpw kl-tZ-∑m-scbpw
IncoSw [cn-∏n-®-h\pw Bb hnip-≤m-flm-hns\ Fs‚ taepw Ab-
t°-Wta. Cu cl-ky-ß-fpsS ta¬ Ah≥ Bh-kn®v Chsb ip≤o-
I-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-am-dm-I-W-ta'' (am¿ tbml-∂m≥ Gh≥tK-eo-kvXm-
bpsS {Iaw).
F¥m-bmepw ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv hn. Ip¿_m-\-ta¬ am{X-a√ CXn¬
kw_‘n-°p∂ F√m-h-cnepw h∂v Bh-kn-°p-hm-\mWv {]m¿∞n-°p-
49 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
∂-Xv. ip{iq-j-°m-cs‚ Blzm-\-Øn\v adp-]-Sn-bm-bn´v P\w ]d-bp-∂-
Xn¬ \n∂v (R-ß-sf-√m-h¿°pw kam-[m-\hpw Rß-sf-√m-h¿°pw
kw{]o-Xnbpw D≠m-bn-cn-°-s´) a\- n-em-Ip-∂Xv A∏-ho-™p-I-fn-t∑¬
am{X-a√ \ΩpsS lrZ-b-ß-fnepw ]. dqlm {]h¿Øn-°p∂p F∂mWv.
]´-°m-c≥ ssIIƒ {]mhns‚ BIr-Xn-bn¬ Nen-∏n®psIm≠mWv
Cu {]m¿∞\ \S-Øp-∂-Xv. I¿Øm-hns‚ amtam-Zokm ka-bØv ]cn-
ip≤ dqlm {]mhns‚ cq]-Øn¬ Ahs‚ta¬ h∂p F∂v thZ-
]pkvXIw km£n-°p∂p (aØm. 3:16). ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv hN-\-Øm¬
hn. I\y-I-adn-bm-ans‚ K¿`-Øn¬ Cdßn hkn®v tbip-hns‚ icocw
cq]-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xp-t]mse hn. t{XmtWm-knse A∏-ho-™p-I-fnt∑¬
Cdßn hkn®v AXns\ tbip-hns‚ ico-chpw c‡-hp-am°n cq]m-¥-
c-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.
CtXØpS¿∂v I¿Ømth Ft∂m-Sp-Ø-c-a-cp-fn-s®-ø-Wta F∂
{]m¿∞\ aq∂v {]mhiyw Bh¿Øn-°p∂p. AXn\v adp-]Sn {]m¿∞-
\-bm-bn´v I¿Ømth Icp-W -sN-ø-Wta (Ip-dn-tb-em-bn-tkm≥) F∂v
P\-߃ aq∂v {]mhiyw {]m¿∞n-°p-∂p. ]cn-ip≤ dqlmsb Ab®v
DØ-c-a-cp-fn-s®-ø-Wta F∂p ]´-°m-c\pw, ]cn-ip≤ dqlmsb Ab®v
IcpW sNø-Wta F∂v P\-ßfpw {]m¿∞n-°p-∂p.
Cu {]m¿∞\ hymJym-\n-°p-∂Xv I¿tΩ¬ ]¿∆-X-Øn¬ h®v
Genbm Zo¿L-Z¿in "btlmth F\n-°p-Ø-c-a-cp-f-Wta' F∂p {]m¿-
∞n-®-t∏mƒ kz¿K-Øn¬ \n∂v A·n Cdßn tlma-bm-KsØ Zln-∏n-
®-Xpt]mse (1 cmPm. 18:37, 38) ]´-°m-c≥ aq∂p {]mhiyw hnfn-®-t]-
£n-°p-tºmƒ ]. dqlm-bm-Ip∂ ssZho-Im·n A∏-ho-™p-I-fnt∑¬
Cdßn Bh-kn®v AXv I¿Øm-hns‚ Xncp-i-co-cc-‡-ß-fm°n Xo¿-
°p∂p F∂m-Ip-∂p.
XpS¿∂v ]´-°m-c≥ ]cn-ip-≤mfl Bhm-k-Øns‚ {]Xo-I-ambn he-
Xp-Icw A∏-Øn-t∑epw ho™nt∑epw Bh-kn-∏n-®p-sIm≠v A∏-ho-
™p-Iƒ \ΩpsS ssZh-amb I¿Øm-hns‚ Poh≥ \¬Ip∂, c£m-
I-c-amb ico-chpw c‡-hp-am°n cq]m-¥-c-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ {]m¿∞n-
°p∂p. ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-lzm\ hN-\-ß-fpsS kam-]-\-Øn¬ P\w
BtΩ≥ (A-ßs\ Xs∂) F∂p ]d-bp-∂p.
a≤yÿ {]m¿∞\ (Xp-_v-tZ≥)
hn. Ip¿_m-\b
- psS aq∂mw-`mKw ChnsS XpS-ßp-∂p. Xp_vtZ≥ F∂
hm°ns‚ A¿∞w "F∂m¬ ho≠pw' F∂m-Wv. Xp_vtZ≥ F∂
50 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
hmt°m-sS-bmWv a≤yÿ {]m¿∞-\-Iƒ Bcw-`n-°p-∂Xv. AXp-sIm-
≠mWv CXn\v Xp_vtZ≥ F∂ t]cv h∂-Xv. F∂m¬ CXns‚ icn-
bmb t]cv Znb-]vXps° F∂mWv. hn. Ip¿_m-\-bn¬ t]cp-Iƒ c≠v
]e-I-I-fn¬ Fgp-Xn-bmWv hmbn-®n-cp-∂Xv. X∑q-e-amWv Cu t]cv e`n-
®-Xv. Bdv `mK-ß-fmbn Xncn-®n-cn-°p∂ Cu a≤y-ÿ-{]m¿∞-\-I-fn¬
BZysØ aqs∂Æw Poh-t\msS Ccn-°p-∂-h¿°v th≠nbpw 3 FÆw
hmßn-t∏m-b-h¿°p- th-≠n-bp-am-Wv. siΩm-i≥ (ip{iqjI≥) Hcp
{]m¿∞\ sNm√p-tºmƒ AtX- hn-j-b-sØ-∏‰n ]´-°m-c≥ cl-ky-
ambn {]m¿∞\ sNm√p-∂p (Kvlm-¥m-Iƒ). siΩm-i≥ {]m¿∞\
sNm√n Ign-bp-tºmƒ P\-Øns‚ "Ipdn-tb-em-bn-tkm≥' F∂- {]-Xn-
hm-Iy-Øn\v tijw ]´-°m-c≥ AtX-hn-j-b-sØ-°p-dn®v Xs∂ ]c-
ky-ambn Hcp {]m¿∞-\bpw \S-Øp-∂p (]vim-Øm-Iƒ). A{]-Imcw
BsI 18 a≤yÿ {]m¿∞-\Iƒ \S-Øp-∂p. Cu {]m¿∞-\-Iƒ Dd-
lm-bnse am¿ bmt°m_v hn]p-eo-I-cn-®XmWv.
H∂mw Xp_vtZ≥ Poh-t\msS Ccn-°p∂ Bflob ]nXm-°-∑m¿°v
th≠n-bp≈ {]m¿∞-\-Iƒ BWv. CXn¬ BZyw At¥ymJym ]m{Xn-
b¿°o-kmb am¿ C·m-Øn-tbm-kn-s\bpw c≠m-aXv Ing-°ns‚ ImtXm-
en°m F∂ ÿm\Øv ae-¶-c-bpsS ImtXm-en°m Bb am¿ _tk-
en-tbm-kn-s\bpw aq∂m-aXv bdp-itew ]m{Xn-b¿°o-kmb am¿ {KotKm-
dn-tbm-kn-s\bpw ]n∂oSv AXmXv `{Zm-k-\- sa-{Xm-t∏m-eo-Øm-sbbpw,
GsX-¶nepw sa{Xm-t∏m-eoØm k∂n-ln-X-s\-¶n¬ At±-l-Øn-s‚bpw
tijw kIe sa{Xm-t∏m-eo-Ø-∑m-scbpw kIe sshZn-I-KWw apgp-
h-t\bpw Hm¿°p-∂p.
c≠mw Xp_vtZ-\n¬ ITn-\-]-co-£-bn¬ AI-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂ {Inkv-
Xob ktlm-Z-c-ßsf F√m-h-scbpw, {]tXy-In®v A∂v Hm¿°p-hm≥
Bhiy-s∏-´n-´p≈h¿°pw th≠n {]m¿∞n-°p-∂p. ]´-°m-cs‚ ]c-ky-
amb {]m¿∞-\-bn¬ PmXn-a-X-t`-Z-sat\y F√m-h¿°pwth≠n {]m¿∞n-
°p-∂p. DZm: "I¿Ømth ]oUn-X-tcbpw t¢in-X-sc-bpw {]bm-k-s∏-Sp-
∂-h-scbpw ZpxJn-X-scbpw Zcn-{Z-scbpw AK-Xn-I-sfbpw ]c-tZ-in-I-
sfbpw ASn-a-I-sfbpw hn[-h-I-sfbpw A\m-Y-scbpw \o kwc-£n®p
]pe¿Ø-Wta' (am¿ Cuhm-\n-tbm-kns‚ {Iaw).
aq∂mw Xp_vtZ-\n¬ cmPm-°-∑m-tcbpw kIe `c-W-I¿Øm-°-
sfbpw Hm¿Øp {]m¿∞n-°p-∂p. 1 Xntam. 2:1, 2 hmIy-ß-fn¬ ]d-™n-
cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse kI-e- `-c-W-I¿Øm-°ƒ°p th≠n {]m¿∞n-t°-
≠Xv \ΩpsS IS-a-bm-Wv.
51 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
\memw Xp_vtZ-\n¬ ssZh-am-Xm-hn-s\bpw, kI-e- hm-ßn-t∏mb
]cn-ip-≤∑
- m-tcbpw, \n_n-b∑
- m¿, «ol-∑m¿, kl-tZ-∑m¿, auZym-\∑
- m¿,
tbml-∂m≥ amwZm-\, kvtX^m-t\mkv kl-Z, ]t{Xm-kv, ]utem-kv,
tXmΩm- «o-l-∑m¿, Gh≥tK-en-b-ÿ-∑m¿ XpS-ßnb F√m ]cn-ip-≤-
∑m-scbpw Hm¿Øv {]m¿∞n-°p-Ibpw Ah-cpsS {]m¿∞\ Bh-iy-
s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.
A©mw Xp_vtZ-\n¬ At∏mkvtXm-enI Ime-L-´-Ønse ]nXm-
°-∑m-scbpw \nJym- XpSßnb aq∂v s]mXp-kp-∂-l-tZm-kp-I-sfbpw
k`sb Imem-Im-e-ßfn¬ hnizm-k-Øn¬ Dd-∏n®p\n¿Øn-bn-´p≈
]nXm-°-∑m-scbpw, ]fin-X-cmb aev]m-∑m-scbpw k`-bnse ]cn-ip-
≤-∑m-scbpw Hm¿°p-∂p. Ct∏mƒ ae-¶-c-bn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ Xp_v-
tZ-\n¬ 26 ]nXm-°-∑msc Hm¿°p-∂p. Cu Xp_vtZ\v hnhn[ ]mTm-¥-
c-ß-fp≠v.
Bdmw Xp_vtZ-\n¬ temI-Øn¬ \n∂v hmßn-t∏m-bn-cn-°p∂ hnizm-
kn-I-fmb kIe \n{Z {]m]n-®-hscbpw Hm¿Øv Ah-cpsS ]m]-tam-N-
\-Øn\pw Bizm-k-Øn\pambn {]m¿∞n-°p-∂p. AXn-\ptijw kXy-
hn-izm-kt- ØmSpIqSn hmßn-t∏m-bn-cn-°p∂ kI-e¿°pw Bizmkw e`n-
°p-hm≥ th≠n {]m¿∞n-°p-∂p. CXn-\p-tijw Poh-t\msS tijn-®n-
cn-°p∂hsc ]m]-ß-fn¬ \n∂v ImØp-sIm-≈p-hm≥ {]m¿∞n-°p-∂p.
CXn\v {]Xn-hm-Iy-ambn ssZh-Xn-cp-\m-a-Øn\v alXzw sImSpØp P\w
{]m¿∞n-°p-∂p.
c≠m-asØ dqivam
"\n߃s°-√m-h¿°pw kam-[m\w D≠m-bn-cn-°s´' F∂m-iw-kn-
®-Xn\v tij-amWv tbip-a-in-lm-bpsS \ma-Øn¬ dqiva sNøp-∂-Xv.
BZysØ dqivam {XnXz-\m-aØ - n-em-bn-cp∂p. ""hen-bh
- \pw \ΩpsS c£n-
Xm-hp-amb tbip-a-in-lm....'' F∂p- Xp-S-ßp∂ Cu Bio¿hmZw (1
tImcn. 16:23, KemØn 6:12) F∂o thZ-`m-KsØ ASn-ÿm-\-am°n cq]-
s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xm-Wv. Jfin-∏ns‚ ip{iqj {InkvXp-hns‚ {Iqip-a-c-W-
hp-ambn _‘n-∏n®v hymJym-\n-°p-∂XpsIm≠mWv Cu Bio¿hmZw
{InkvXp-hns‚ \ma-Øn¬ {Iao-I-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
Cu Bio¿hm-Z-Øn\ptijw Xnc-ioe CSp-∂p. XpS¿∂v \S-°p-
∂Xv Jfin-∏ns‚ ip{iq-j-bmWv. AXn¬ I¿Øm-hns‚ {Iqipa-cWw,
I_-d-S-°w, Dbn¿∏v F∂nh kvacn-°p-∂p. Cu kw`-h-߃ \S-∂-
t∏mƒ `qan-bn¬ A‘-Im-c-am-bn-cp∂p. AXns\ kqNn-∏n-°p-hm-\mWv
ad-bn-Sp-∂-Xv.
52 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
5 H∂n®ptN¿Øp hbv°p-∂p. CXn\p-tijw A∏w Db¿Øp∂p. Cu
Jfin-∏ns‚ ip{iqj
a≤yÿ {]m¿∞-\-sb -Xp-S¿∂p≈ `mK-߃ hn. Ip¿_m\ kzoI-
c-W-Øn-\p≈ Hcp-°-amWv F∂v ]dbmw. AXns‚ BZy-]-Sn-bmWv
Jfin∏ns‚ ip{iq-j. hn. Ip¿_m-\-bnse aq∂m-asØ ASn-ÿm\
`mK-amb (\p-d-p°p-I) F∂- I¿Ωw \S-°p-∂Xv Jfin-∏ns‚ ip{iq-
j-bn-em-Wv. Ip¿_m-\m-\p-`-h-Øns‚ Hcp-°-ambn Xncp-i-cocw apdn-°p-
Ibpw Xncp-ico-c-c-‡-߃ XΩn¬ kΩn-{iWw \S-Øp-Ibpw sNøp-
∂-XmWv Jfin∏ns‚ ip{iq-j-bn¬ \S-°p-∂-Xv. Cu ka-bsØ {]m¿-
∞-\-bn¬ {InkvXp-hns‚ ]oUm-\p-`-hhpw ac-W-hp-amWv {][m-\-ambpw
A\p-kva-cn-°p-∂-Xv. A∏w Jfin-°p-∂Xv temI-Øns‚ kI-e- ]m-]-
sØbpw hln-°p∂ ssZh-Øns‚ Ip™mSv Adp°s∏´-Xns‚ kqN-
\-bm-Wv. s]k-lm-Ip-™m-Smb {InkvXp-hns‚ {Iqip-ac
- W
- Ø- ns‚ {]Xn-
jvT-bm-Wn-Xv.
Jfin∏ns‚ ip{iqj C∂sØ coXn-bn¬ k¶o¿Æ-am-bn-Øo¿-
∂Xv 12-˛mw \q‰m-≠n\v tij-amWv. A∏w- ap-dn-°pI F∂Xv blq-Z-∑m-
cpsS `£Wco-Xn-bnse kp{]-[m\ LS-Ia - m-bn-cp-∂p. hn. Ip¿_m-\bv°v
A∏w- \p-dp-°pI F∂m-Wt√m ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ ]d-bp-∂Xv.
Jfin-∏ns‚ ip{iq-j-bn¬ aq∂p LS-I-ß-fp-≠v. hn`-P-\w, ap{ZWw,
Ie¿Ø¬. Xncp-i-cocw apdn-°p∂ I¿Ωw, Xncp-c‡w sIm≠v Xncp-i-
co-c-Øn¬ Ipcn-im-Ir-Xn-bn¬ ap{Z-bn-Sp-∂Xv, Xncp-i-co-cw Xncp-c-‡-
Ønepw Xncp-c‡w Xncp-icocØnepw Ie¿Øp∂ I¿Ωw.
A∏w FSpØp c≠v `mK-ambn apdn-°p-∂-Xp -hgn hN-\-amb ssZhw
kXy-ambn PU-Øn¬ IjvS-X-b-\p-`-hn-s®∂pw, Ipcn-in¬ _en-I-gn-
°-s∏-s´∂pw, apdn-°-s∏-s´∂pw ImWn-°p-∂p. ]ptcm-ln-X≥ A∏w
FSpØv ho™n¬ ap°n AXp-sIm≠v A∏w dqivam sNøp-∂-Xv, ain-
lm-bpsS Xncp-hn-emhv Ip¥-Øm¬ IpØn-Øp-f-bv°-s∏-´-Xns\ kqNn-
∏n-°p-∂p. c‡w-sIm≠v ico-csØ dqivam sNøp-tºmƒ Bflmhpw
ico-chpw XΩn-ep≈ sFIyw kwPm-X-am-Ip-Ibpw hN-\-Øns‚
Bflmhv Xs‚ ico-c-Øn¬ \n∂v th¿s∏´tijw ho≠pw AtX ico-
c-tØmSp tNcp-Ibpw sNbvXp-sh-¶nepw Xs‚ ssZhXzw Bflm-hn¬
\nt∂m ico-c-Øn¬ \nt∂m th¿]n-cn-™n-√, th¿]n-cn-bp-I-bp-an√
F∂p ImWn-°p∂p.
53 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
dqivam sNbvXtijw ]ptcm-ln-X≥ A∏-Øns‚ c≠v `mK-ßfpw
kabw I¿Øm-hns‚ Dbn¿∏ns\ BWv A\p-kva-cn-°p-∂Xv. At∏mƒ
sNdnb aWn-Iƒ Inep-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. ssZh-]p-{X-\n¬ \n∂v a\p-
jy-Xzhpw ssZh-Xzhpw th¿]n-cn-bp-∂n-s√∂pw, GI-\m-sW∂pw kqNn-
∏n-°p-hm≥ th≠n-bmWv c≠v ]m{X-ß-fn-embn hbv°-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂
ico-chpw c‡hpw hN-\-amb ssZh-Øns‚ GIhpw hnip-≤-hp-amb
ico-c-amWv F∂v ImWn-°p-∂-Xn\pw, Cu c‡w Cu ico-c-Øn-s‚bpw
Cu icocw Cu c‡-Øn-s‚-bp-amWv F∂v ImWn-°p-∂-Xn-\pw -th≠n-
bmWv IqZmi sNbvXv apdn-°s
- ∏-´n-cn-°p∂ ico-cØ
- n¬ \n∂v Hcp `mKw
c‡-Øn¬ CSp-∂-Xv.
Jfin∏pw kwtbm-P\ - hpw \S-Ønbtijw icocw Bcm-[\m Ime-
Øn-\-\p-k-cn®v hnhn[ cq]-ß-fn¬ {Iao-I-cn-°p-∂p. IqtZmiv CutØm
apX¬ IywXm -hsc Ip™m-Sns‚ cq]-Ønepw, IywXm apX¬ …o_m-
s]-cp-∂mƒ hsc a\p-jys‚ cq]-Ønepw, …o_m-s]-cp-∂mƒ apX¬
IqtZmiv CutØm- hsc …o_m-bpsS cq]-Øn-ep-amWv A∏w {Iao-I-
cn-°p-∂-Xv.
Jfin∏ns‚ ip{iqjmka-bØv {][m\ Im¿Ωn-I≥ Hgn-sI-bp-≈-
h¿°v Be-]n-°p-∂-Xn-\mbv KoX-߃ {Iao-I-cn-®n-´p-≠v. km[m-c-W-
bmbn c≠v KoX-ß-fmWv Be-]n-°p-∂-Xv. H∂m-a-tØXv "A≥]p-S-
tbms\ \n≥hm-Xn¬...' F∂p XpS-ßp∂ KoXw. CXv Hcp A\p-Xm]
KoX-am-Wv. \Ωn¬ D≠m-bn-cn-°p∂ ]m]-ß-sf-°p-dn®v DØa t_m[yw
D≠mbn A\p-X-]n®v ssZh-Øn¬ \n∂v Icp-Wbpw ]m]-tam-N-\hpw
bmNn-°p-I-bmWv Cu KoX-Øn-eqsS sNøp-∂Xv. c≠m-asØ KoXw
"{km∏n-Isf It≠-im-bm....' BWv. CXv sbiøm {]hm-N-I≥ I≠
Z¿i-\-Øns‚ A\p-kva-cWw Bkv]-Z-am-°n-bp≈ KoX-amWv (sb-iø
6). amem-J-am-cpsS kz¿Ko-bm-cm-[-\-bpsS Ahm-Ny-amb Zriyw, kmdm-
^p-I-fpsS Bcm-[\mcoXn, `‡n, kvXpXnXXv]-cX F∂nh Im´n-Ø-
cn-Ibpw Ahsb \ΩpsS kvarXn]Y-Øn¬ sIm≠p-h-cn-Ibpw, \mw
Fß-s\-bmWv ssZh-k-∂n-[nsb kao-]n-t°-≠Xv F∂v Hm¿∏n-°p-
Ibpw sNøp-∂p. AXmXv Znh-k-Øns‚ {]tXy-IX A\p-k-cn®v
{]tXyI KoX-ßfpw {Iao-I-cn-®n-cn°p-∂p.
KoX-sØ-Øp-S¿∂v ssZh-Ir-]bpw Icp-Wbpw bmNn®psIm≠p≈
a≤yÿ {]m¿∞-\-Iƒ \S-Øp-∂p. Cu {]m¿∞-\-Iƒ epØn-\nb
F∂- t]-cn-emWv Adn-bs
- ∏-Sp-∂Xv. H≥]Xv {]m¿∞-\I
- f
- m-bn-´mWv CXv
54 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
{Iao-I-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. CXn¬ ssZh-Øns‚ Icp-Wbv°pw kam-[m-\-
Øn-\pw, k`-bpsS Imh-en-\pw, ktlm-Z-c-߃°p th≠n-bpw, acn®p
t]mbh-cpsS Bizm-k-Øn\pth≠nbpw, tcmKn-Iƒ°p th≠nbpw,
]oU\w A\p-`-hn-°p-∂-h¿°p -th-≠nbpw, hn[-h-am¿°p -th-≠nbpw
F∂√ kI-e¿°pw th≠nbpw D≈ {]m¿∞-\-I-fmWv AS-ßn-bn-cn-
°p-∂-Xv.
epØn-\n-bmbv°p tijw Xnc-»oe \o°p∂p. I¿Øm-hns‚ ac-W-
Øn-s‚bpw Dbn¿∏n-s‚bpw Hm¿Ω \n¿h-ln-®n´v Xnc-»oe am‰p-∂Xv
kz¿§w Xpd-°-s∏-´-Xn-s\bpw, injy-∑m¿°v {]Xy-£-s∏-´-Xn-s\bpw
kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p.
Xnc-»oe \o°n-bX - n\ptijw hn. Ip¿∫m-\b
- psS \mem-asØ `mKw
Bcw-`n-°p-∂p. XpS¿∂v ]´-°m-c≥ I¿Ør-{]m¿∞\ \S-Øp-∂-Xn-\p-
th-≠n-bp≈ tbmKyX e`n-°p-hm≥ {]m¿∞n-°p-∂p. Rß-fpsS I¿-
Øm-th-ip-an-in-lm-bpsS ]nXm-hmb ssZhta, \n¿Ωe lrZ-b-tØmSpw
e÷ IqSm-sX-bp≈ apJ-tØmSpw IqsS \ns∂ hnfn®p {]m¿∞n-°p-
hm≥ Rß-fpsS ico-c-ß-sfbpw Bflm-°-sfbpw hnip-≤o-I-cn-°-W-
sa∂v {]m¿∞n-°p-∂p (hn. bmt°m_ns‚ XIvkm). ico-cmfl tZln-
Isf hnip-≤o-I-cn-°-W-sa∂v {]m¿∞n-°p-∂Xv hn. Ip¿_m-\-bnse
bYm¿∞ _en-hkvXp ico-cm-fl-tZ-ln-I-fm-b-Xp-sIm-≠m-Wv. Cu {]m¿-
∞-\sb XpS¿∂v ]´-°m-c≥ I¿Ør{]m¿∞\ Bcw-`n-°p-Ibpw P\-
߃ AXv ]´-°m-c-t\mSv tN¿∂v ]q¿Øn-bm-°pIbpw sNøp-∂p.
ain-lm-bpsS Dbn¿∏ns‚ al-Xz-Øn-emWv ]p{XXzØns‚ ]Zhn
\ap°v e`n-®Xv. K-emXy 4:6˛7 ¬ ImWp∂Xp-t]mse "A∫m ]nXmsh'
F∂p hnfn-°p-hm≥ tbmKy-X-t\-Sn-bXv {InkvXp-hns‚ Dbn¿∏n\v tij-
amWv. AXp-sIm-≠mWv I¿Øm-hns‚ {Iqim-tcm-l-Ww, Dbn¿∏v apX-
em-bh A\p-kva-cn-°p∂ Jfin-∏ns‚ ip{iq-jbv°v tijw "kz¿K-
ÿ-\mb ]nXmth' F∂ Cu {]m¿∞\ {Iao-I-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
IqSmsX I¿Ømhv t\cn´v ]Tn-∏n® {]m¿∞\ F∂-Xp-sIm≠v
A{KKWy-amb ÿm\w Cu {]m¿∞-\bv°v D≠v. hn. k`-bpsS
(hos≠-Sp-°-s∏´ ssZh-P-\-Øns‚) {]m¿∞-\-bm-Wn-Xv. Cu {]m¿∞-
\-bpsS A¿∞w ssZh-Øns‚ CjvSw \Ωn¬ \nd-th-‰-Ø° Hcp
PohnXw As√-¶n¬ {InkvXptI{µo-Ir-X-amb Hcp PohnXw \Ωn-ep-
≠m-IWw F∂m-Wv.
\ΩpsS c£-Is‚ {]m¿∞-\sb hn. k` ]c-ky-ambn `wKn-tbmsS
sNm√p-∂p. I¿Ømhv t\cn´v ]Tn-∏n® Cu {]m¿∞-\-bn¬ kvXpXn,
55 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
At]£ XpS-ßn-bh - s- b√mw AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. XpS¿∂v I¿Ør-{]m¿-
∞-\-bpsS kmcmw-i-am-bn-´p≈ Hcp {]m¿∞\ ]´-°m-c≥ \S-Øp∂p.
CXn\ptijw ]´-°m-c≥ F√m-h¿°pw kam-[m\w Biw-kn-°p-∂p.
XpS¿∂v ssZh-Xn-cp-ap-ºmsI Xe-Ip-\n-°p-hm≥ ip{iq-jI - ≥ Blzm\w
sNøp-∂p. Cu Xe-Ip-\n-°¬ A\p-k-c-W-Øns‚ `mh-amWv. "Xncp-ap-
ºmsI Xe-Ip-\n®p \n¬°p∂ \ns‚ ZmkoZmk-∑m¿°v \ns‚ A\p-
{K-l-߃ \¬In Xncp-i-coc c‡-߃ kzoI-cn-°p-hm≥ X°-hÆw
Rßsf tbmKy-cm-°-Wta' F∂v {]m¿∞n-°p-∂p. 1 tImcn. 11:28 ¬
]d-bp-∂-Xp-t]mse Cu hn. cl-ky-߃ kzoI-cn-°p-hm≥ \mw tbmKy-
c-√. tbmKy-X -\¬Ip-∂Xv ssZh-Øns‚ Icp-W -aq-e-am-Wv.
]´-°m-c≥ F√m-h¿°p-am-bn´v kam-[m\w Biw-kn-°p-∂p. XpS¿∂v
{XnXz-\m-a-Øn¬ Bio¿hmZw \¬Ip-∂p. Cu Bio¿hm-Z-tØmSp
tN¿∂v c≠v XhW kam-[m\w Biw-kn-°p-∂p. a‰v c≠v Bio¿hm-
Z-Øn-t\mSv tN¿∂v Hcp {]mhiyw am{Xta kam-[m\w Biw-kn-°p-
∂p-≈p. c≠v XhW kam-[m\w Biw-kn-°p-∂Xv Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂‰
tijw \ΩpsS I¿Ømhv injy-∑m¿°v ]e- {]m-hiyw {]Xy-£-s∏´v
kam-[m\w Biw-kn-®-Xn-s\bpw kz¿Km-tcm-lW ka-bØv Hen-hp-a-
e-bn-te°v injy-∑msc Iq´n-s°m≠pt]mbn A\p-{K-ln-®-Xn-s\bpw
kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. "]cn-ip-≤hpw al-Xz-ap-≈Xpw krjvSn-b-√m-Ø-Xpw...'
F∂p XpS-ßp∂ {XnXz-\m-a-Øn-ep≈ Bio¿hmZw \¬Ip-∂p. CXv
aq∂m-asØ Bio¿hm-Z-amWv. {InkvXp-hns‚ Xncp-i-co-c- c-‡-߃
A\p-`-hn-°p-∂-Xp-hgn ]nXm-hn-t\mSpw ]cnip≤ dqlm-tbm-Sp-ap≈
_‘w ZrV-ambn Xocp-∂p. {XntbI ssZh-hp-am-bp≈ _‘-amWv hn.
Ip¿_m-\m-\p-`-h-Øn-eqsS km≤y-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂-Xv. kzoI-cn-°m≥
t]mIp∂ Cu cl-ky-߃ hn. {XnXz-Øns‚ Ir]-bm-emWv \¬I-s∏-
Sp-∂Xv. B cl-ky-߃ hn. {XnXz-Øn¬ Hcp-h-\mb ]p{X≥ Xs∂-
bm-Wv. ta¬]-d™ Imc-W-ß-fm-emWv Cu Bio¿hmZw {XnXz-\m-a-
Øn¬ \S-Øp-∂-Xv.
IqSmsX Cu Bio¿hm-Z-Øn¬ hn. {XnXz-Øns‚ Ggv hnti-jW-
߃ AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p∂p. hn. {XnXz-Øns‚ F√m kz`m-h-ßfpw hfsc
kw£n-]vX-ambn hnh-cn-°p∂ k`-bpsS {XnXz-hn-izm-k-Øns‚ {]Jym-
]\w IqSn-bmWv aq∂m-asØ Bio¿hm-Zw.
Bio¿hm-Z-Øn\v tijw ip{iq-j-I≥ "`b-tØmSpw hnd-b-temSpw
IqsS \mw kq£n-°Ww' F∂v Blzm\w sNøp-∂Xv hn. {XnXz-Øns‚
km∂n≤yw hnfn-®-dn-bn-°p-I-bmWv. B km∂n-≤y-t_m[w \Ωn-ep-≠m-
56 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw 57 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw

Ip-tºmƒ \Ωn-ep-f-hm-Ip∂ hnIm-c-amWv `bhpw hnd-b-epw. Xncp-i-co- ]oemk he-Xp-I-ønepw, he-XpssI CS-Xp-I-øpsS apI-fn-embn Ipcn-
c-c-‡-߃ hfsc Hcp-°-tØmsS am{Xta A\p-`-hn-°mhq F∂ Bi- im-Ir-Xn-bn¬ ]nSn-®p-sIm≠v "Xs‚ Icp-W-bm¬ temIsØ krjvSn®
bhpw Cu Blzm-\-Øn-ep-≠v. AXn\v adp-]-Sn-bmbn Xncpicocc‡- ]cnip≤\mb GI]nXmhv \tΩm-Sp-IqsS' F∂pw, "Xs‚ Xncp-ta-\n-
߃ A\p-`-hn-°p-hm≥ X°-hÆw Rß-fpsSta¬ IcpW tXm∂n bpsS hne-tb-dnb IjvSm-\p-`-h-Øm¬ temIsØ c£n® ]cn-ip-≤-
A\p-{K-ln-°-W-sa∂v P\-߃ {]m¿∞n-°p-∂p. \mb GI-]p-{X≥ \tΩm-Sp-IqsS' F∂pw "D≠m-bn-´p-≈Xpw D≠m-Ip-
hm-\p-≈-Xp-amb kI-e-tØbpw ]q¿Øn-bm-°p∂ Poh-\p≈ ]cn-ip≤
cl-ky-ß-fpsS BtLmjWw
dqlm \tΩm-Sp-IqsS' F∂pw ]d-bp-tºmƒ P\w "BtΩ≥' F∂v {]Xn-
]´-°m-c≥ ]Z-hn-ta¬ Ibdn\n∂p-sIm≠v ]oem-kbpw Imkbpw hm-Iy-ambn ]d-bp-∂p. Poh\pw hnip-≤n-bp-ap≈ hn. {XnXzw \tΩm-Sp-
Db¿Øn BtLm-jn-°p-∂p. Cu BtLm-jWw I¿Øm-hns‚ kz¿§m- IqsS D≠v F∂v Dd-∏n®p]d-bp-∂p. ]cn-ip-≤a- mb cl-ky-ßf
- n¬ kw_-
tcm-lW- s
- Ø-bmWv A\p-kvac - n-°p-∂X
- v. Cu ka-bØv t{XmtWm-kn¬ ‘n-°p-hm≥ (`m-K-`m-°p-I-fm-Ip-hm≥) tbmKy-X- \¬Ip∂Xv Cu {XnXz-
Ccp-h-iØpw sagp-Ip-Xn-cn-Iƒ IØn®v h®n-cn°pw. CXv I¿Øm-hns‚ Ønep≈ hnizmkw aqe-amWv. AXn-\m-emWv ssZhoI Iq´m-bva-bpsS
kz¿§m-tcm-lW kabØv {]Xy-£-s∏´ amem-J-amsc kqNn-∏n-°p∂p. {]m¿∞\ ChnsS {IaoIcn®ncn°p∂Xv.
adp-hlvkm Inep-°p-Ibpw aWn ASn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.
Gimb Zo¿L-Z¿in ss{Xip≤ Io¿Ø\w tI´p Ign-™-t∏mƒ
]´-°m-c≥ ]oemk Db¿Øn BtLm-jn-®p-sIm≠v C{]-Imcw ]d- Xo°-´-bm¬ shSn-∏m-°-s∏´p F¶nepw AXv {]hm-N-Is‚ A[-c-ßsf
bp∂p: "Cu hnip-≤-X-Iƒ hnip≤n D≈-h¿°pw shSn-∏p-≈-h¿°pw {]Xo-Im-fl-I-ambn kv]¿in-®-tX-bp≈q. Ah≥ AXpƒs°m-≠n-√.
\¬I-s∏-Sp-∂p.' CXn\p adp-]-Sn-bmbn P\w "]cn-ip-≤-\mb GI-]n- {]hm-N-I≥ {]XoIw `£n-°msX kv]¿i\-Øm¬ shSn-∏m-°-s∏-´p.
Xmhpw ]cnip≤-\mb GI-]p-{X-\pw, ]cnip≤\mb GI-dq-lm-bp-a- C∂m-Is´ {]Xo-I-Øn\v ]Icw kXyw `£n-°p-tºmƒ AXv `£n-
√msX ]cn-ip-≤-\n√. Bao≥' F∂p ]d-bp-∂p. "H∂m-bn-cn-°p∂ ]nXm- °p-∂-hsc F{X-b-[n-I-ambn shSn-∏m-°pw. XpS¿∂v Imkmbpw ]oem-
hn\pw ]p{X\pw ]cn-ip-≤ -dq-lmbv°pw kvXpXn. BΩo≥' F∂p ]d- kbpw hn. X_vsseØmta¬ h®v I_n-em\ sIm≠v aqSp-∂p. At∏m.
™p-sIm≠v Imkmbpw Db¿Øn BtLm-jn-°p-∂p. Xncp-i-cocc‡- {]hrØn 1:9˛¬ ]d-bp-∂-Xp-t]mse I¿Ømhns‚ kz¿§mtcmlWka-
߃ A\p-`-hn-°p-hm≥ Bcpw tbmKy-c-ns√-¶nepw hnip-≤-amb cl- bØv taLw h∂v aqSn-b-Xns\ ZrjvSm-¥-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm-\mWv I_n-em\
ky-ßf - mWv ]´-°m-c≥ Db¿Øn-°m-Wn-°p-∂X - v. AXm-bXv, hnip-≤hpw D]-tbm-Kn®p aqSp-∂-Xv.
Poh-Zm-b-I-hp-amb Cu cl-ky-߃ hnip-≤¿°mWv \¬tI-≠Xv.
sh≈-Ømepw Bflm-hmepw ho≠pw P\n®v {XnXz-\m-a-Øn-ep≈ aq∂p
dqivam-I-fm¬ ap{Z-bn-S-s∏´v ip≤o-I-cn-°-s∏´ Bflm-hn\pw ico-c-
Øn\pw a\-kn\pw am{X-amWv Cu hnip-≤-X-Iƒ A\p-`-hn-°p-hm≥
tbmKy-X-bp≈q. IqSmsX, A\p-Xm-]-Øns‚ IqZm-i-bmb hn. Ipº-
kmcw \SØn ]m]-tam-N\w {]m]n-®-h-cp-ambncn°Ww. 1 tImcn. 11:27,
28˛¬ ]. ]utemkv «olm Cu Imcyw hfsc i‡-ambn \sΩ Hm¿Ωn-
∏n-°p-∂p. hn. amtam-Zo-km-bn¬ ho≠pw P\\Øm¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-
sh∂ BZy-^ew (tdm-a¿ 8:23) kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw AXp-h-gn-bmbn
hnip≤n kzoI-cn-°p-hm≥ tbmKy-cm-°s - ∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXh- c
- mWv. C°m-
c-W-Øm-emWv hnip-≤-am-bXv hnip-≤¿°v F∂p ]´-°m-c≥ ]d-bp-
∂Xv.
A\-¥cw Xncp-i-cocc‡-߃ ssIbn¬ hln®psIm≠v Iq´m-bva-
bpsS {]m¿∞-\-bmWv \S-°p-∂-Xv. ]´-°m-c≥ Imkm CS-Xp-I-ønepw
58 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
6 h®v \oXn-ams\ ssIs°m-≈p-∂-h\v \oXn-ams‚ {]Xn-^ew e`n-°pw.'
hnip≤-∑m-tcm-Sp≈
kwk¿§w
hmßn-t∏mb ]nXm°-∑mcpw hnip-≤cpw hn. {XnXz-tØmSv Hcp-an®v
\tΩ-mSp-IqsS D≠v. H∂m-a-Xmbn "ssZh-kp-X-∑m-cm-bn-Sp-hm≥....-' F∂
KoXw sNm√p∂p. \mw ssZh-P-\-ambn Xocp-hm≥ th≠n, Pohn-®n-cp-∂-
t∏mƒ \sΩ ]Tn-∏n® ]nXm-°sf Hm¿Øv Ah¿°p-th≠n {]m¿∞n-
°p∂p. ssZh-cm-Py-Øn¬ \oXn-am≥∑m-tcmSpw ]pWyhm≥∑mtcmSpw
IqsS Ah¿°v Bizmkw ssZh-]p-{X≥ \¬Is´ F∂pw \Ωƒ {]m¿-
∞n-°p-∂p. Cu KoXw F{_m 13:7˛s‚ Hcp hnI-knX cq]-am-Wv.
Ip°n-en-tbm≥
Ip°n-en-tbm≥ F∂ ]Z-Øn\v Bh-¿Øn®p ]mSp∂ ]m´v (h-ebw)
F∂mWv A¿∞w. ]m´p-Iƒ tN¿∂v Hcp hebw D≠m-Ip-∂p. ssZh-
am-Xm-hn-t\mSpw, ]cn-ip-≤-∑m-tcmSpw, hmßn-t∏mb ]ptcm-ln-X-tcmSpw,
]tc-X-tcmSpw, …o_m-tbm-Sp-ap≈ a≤y-ÿX \S-Øp-∂p. BZy -Ip°n-
en-tbm≥ ssZh-am-Xm-hns\°pdn-®p≈ ]m´m-Wv. (\n-∂mƒ kvXpXn-sbm-
Sp....). CXv k¶o¿Ø\ D≤-c-Wn-bm-Wv (k¶o. 45:9˛11). ssZh-am-Xm-hn-
s\bpw AtX-k-abw hn. k`-tbbpw CXn¬ h¿Æn®p ]mSp-∂p. {XnXz-
kvXp-Xnbpw Ip°n-en-tbms‚ tijw {Iao-I-cn-®n-cn-°p∂p. FIv_m
F∂ KoXw, XpS¿∂v tImtem-Iƒ, Ah-km\w t_mhqkm F∂- co-
Xn-bn-emWv [q]-{]m¿∞\bnse KoX߃ {Iao-I-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
hn. ssZh-am-Xm-hn\v hn. k`- hfsc t{ijvTa- mb ÿm\-amWv \¬In-
bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. \ΩpsS I¿Øm-hns‚ AΩ (eq-t°m. 1:43), c≠m-asØ
kz¿Kw, {]hm-N-I-∑m-cp-sSbpw, «ol-∑m-cp-sSbpw, amem-J-am-cp-sSbpw
cm⁄n XpS-ßnb amXm-hns‚ hnti-j-W-߃ hn. thZ-Øn¬ \n∂v
Xs∂ \ap°v e`n-°p-∂p. AXp-sIm-≠mWv [q]-{]m¿∞-\-bn¬ ssZh-
am-Xm-hns\ BZyw kvacn-°p-∂-Xv.
c≠m-a-Xmbn ]cn-ip-≤-∑msc Hm¿°p-∂p: "\b-hm≥ ]\-t]m-se....-
XpjvSn ]pjvSn-Ifpw.' Cu Ip-°n-en-tbm≥ k-¶o. 92:12-, 14 hsc-bp≈
`mK-ß-fpsS Km\-cq-]-am-Wv. ]cn-ip-≤-∑m-tcmSp \ap-°p-th≠n {]m¿∞n-
°-W-sa∂v At]-£n-°p-∂p. aØm 10:41˛¬ tbip-X-ºp-cm≥ C{]Imcw
Acpfn-sN-bvXn-cn-°p∂p "{]hm-N-I≥ F∂p-h®v Hcp {]hm-N-Is\ ssI-
59 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
s°m-≈p-∂-h\v {]hm-N-Is‚ {]Xn-^ew e`n°pw. \oXn-am≥ F∂p-
acn®pt]mb ]cn-ip-≤∑
- m¿ Bflm-hn¬ Poh-\p-≈h
- c
- m-Ip∂p. Ah-cpsS
t{ijvTamb PohnXwsIm≠v ssZhw Ah¿°p \¬Inb ]cn-ip-≤-dq-
lm-bpsS \¬h-c-tØmSpIqsS kt¥m-j-ß-fpsS aW-h-d-bn¬ C∂v
amem-J-amsct∏mse ssZhsØ kvXpXn-°p-Ibpw `qan-bn-ep-≈-h¿°p
th≠n {]m¿∞n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. AXp-sIm-≠mWv \mw Ah¿°p
th≠n {]m¿∞n-°p-Ibpw Ah-cpsS a≤y-ÿX bmNn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-
∂-Xv.
ASp-Ø-Xmbn hmßn-t∏mb F√m ]´-°m-scbpw ta¬]-´-°m-scbpw
Hm¿°p-∂p: "Nm¿Øpw \oXnsb \n∂m-Nm-cy∑mcpw... Rm\p-]-tZ-in-®n-
Spao km£n-sbbpw ˛ _msd-Ivtam¿.' ]´-°m-tcm-Sp≈ Cu Ip°n-en-
tbm≥ k-¶o¿Ø-\w 132:9˛10, 2 Zn\-hr-Øm¥w 6:41-˛42 F∂o thZ-`m-K-
ß-fpsS Km\cq]am-Wv. Cu temI-Øn¬ \sΩ \bn® \ΩpsS CS-b-
∑msc \mw Hm¿Øv Ah¿°p-th≠n {]m¿∞n-°p-Ibpw Ah-cpsS
{]m¿∞\ Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.
XpS¿∂v kIe hmßn-t∏m-bh - s
- cbpw Hm¿°p-∂p: "a°-fn-e∏
- ≥ Ir]-
sN-bvh-Xp-t]m-se... hb-en¬ ]qs®Sn t]mse.' k¶o. 103:13-˛15 hsc-
bp≈ `mK-ß-fpsS Km\-cq-]-amWv Cu Ip°n-en-tbm≥. \sΩ kXy-hn-
izmkw ]Tn-∏n®v, kXy-hn-izm-k-Øn¬ hf¿Ønb \ΩpsS ]q¿∆n-Icpw
amXm-]n-Xm-°fpw ktlm-Z-c-ß-fp-amb kIe hmßn-t∏m-b-h-scbpw
Hm¿Øv Ah¿°pth≠n {]m¿∞n-°p-Ibpw Ah-cpsS {]m¿∞\ bmNn-
°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.
{]tXy-Im-h-k-c-ß-fn¬ hn. …o_m-bpsS Ip°n-en-tbm\pw sNm√p-
∂p: "sh√pw i{Xp-°-sf... i{Xp-°sf e÷n-∏n-®p.' k¶o¿Ø\w 44:5˛7
hsc-bp≈ `mK-ß-fpsS Km\-cq-]-amWnXv. \ΩpsS I¿Øm-hns\
{Iqin®, \ΩpsS c£-bpsS AS-bm-f-amb hn. …o_msb hWßp-∂p.
Ip°n-en-tbms‚ ka-b-ß-fn¬ ]´-°m-c≥ ]Z-hn-bpsS Xmsg Cdßn
\n∂p-sIm≠mWv [q]w A¿∏n-°p-∂-Xv. Hmtcm Ip°n-en-tbms‚ ka-
bØpw [q]w A¿∏n®psIm≠v ssZh-am-Xm-hpw ]cn-ip-≤-∑mcpw hmßn-
t∏m-b-h-cp-amb Gh-cp-sSbpw a≤y-ÿX aqew klm-bn-°-W-sa∂v
At]-£n-°p-I-bmWv \mw sNøp-∂-Xv. Ch-bvs°√mw CSbv°v {XnXz-
kvXp-Xnbpw D≠v. \ΩpsS {]m¿∞-\-I-fn-se√mw {XnXz-Øn-\mWv
alXzw Itc-‰p-∂-Xv. AXp-sIm-≠mWv {XnXz-kvXpXn CSbv°v \S-Øp-
∂-Xv. IqSmsX ssZh-am-Xmhpw ]cn-ip-≤-∑mcpw hmßn-t∏mb ]ptcm-
60 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
ln-X-∑mcpw ]nXm-°-∑mcpw \mw F√m-hcpw Hcp-an®ptN¿∂v {XnXzsØ
kvXpXn-°p-∂-Xmbpw CXv hymJym-\n-°mw. [q]-{]m¿∞-\-bpsS Ah-
km\w ]´-°m-c≥ P\-ß-fpsS t\sc Xncn™v "ktlm-Z-c-ßsf h’-
esc F\n-°p-th≠n {]m¿∞n-°p-hn≥' F∂v cl-ky-ambn ]d-™p-
sIm≠v ip_vt°mt\m tNmZn-°p-∂p. ]´-°m-c≥ I¿Øm-hns‚ Xncp-
i-coc c‡-߃ A\p-`-hn-°p-hm≥ Hcp-ßp-I-bmWv. B Xo°´ `£n-
°p-hm≥ Fs∂ tbmKy-\m-°p-hm≥ th≠n \n߃ F\n°pth≠n
{]m¿∞n-°Ww F∂mWv Cu ip_vt°mt\m bmN-\-bpsS A¿∞w.
P\-߃ {]XnbmN\w \S-Øp-∂p. XpS¿∂v Xnc-ioe CSp-∂p. CXv
kz¿Km-tcm-l-W-Øn\v tijw I¿Ømhv AZr-iy-\mbn F∂-Xns\
kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. IqSmsX a-Ømbn 24:29-˛¬ ]d-bp-∂-Xp-t]mse Imem-
¥y-Øn¬ I¿Øm-hns‚ hc-hns‚ ka-bØv kqcy-N{µ \£-{X-ß-
fpsS {]Imiw Ccp-≠p-t]m-Ip-sa∂v ImWn-°p-∂p.
Xnc-ioe C´-tijw ]´-°m-c≥ t{XmtWm-kns‚ apºn¬ ]Z-hn-°p-
Xmsg ap´p-IpØn {]m¿∞n®pIgn™v hn. Ip¿_m\ A\p-`-hn-°p-∂p.
ap´p-Ip-Øn-bp≈ {]m¿∞\ {InkvXp-hns\ kwt_m-[\ sNbvXp-sIm-
≠p-≈-Xm-Wv: "Fs‚ I¿Ømth hnip-≤n-tbmsS \ns∂ `£n-∏m≥
tbmKy-\m-°-W-ta...' {]m¿∞-\bv°v tijw ]´-°m-c≥ ]Z-hn-ta¬
Ibdn \n∂p-sIm≠v hn. Ip¿_m\ A\p-`-hn-°p-∂p. XpS¿∂v hn. aZv_-
lm-bn-ep-≈-h¿°v sImSp-°p-∂p. a‰p-≈-h¿°pw Cu Ah-kcw hn.
Ip¿_m\ sImSp-°p∂ ]Xn-hp-≠v.
61 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
7
kam-]\ ip{iqj
c≠m-asØ hchv
hn. aZv_-lm-bn-ep-≈-h¿ hn. Ip¿_m\ A\p-`-hn-®p-I-gn™v ip{iq-
jI≥ "\mw A´-l-kn®p ]d-bWw' F∂v D®-Øn¬ ]d-bp-∂p. AXn\v
DØ-c-ambn P\-߃ "]nXm-hpw ]p{X\pw ]cnip≤ dqlm-bpambh≥...'
F∂p XpS-ßp∂ {XnXz-kvXpXn \SØp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. A\¥cw
aWn-b-Sn-°p-Ibpw Xnc-io-e -am‰n hn. aZv_lm Xpd-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p.
Ccp-h-iØpw IØn® sagp-Ip-Xn-cn-I-fp-sSbpw adp-h-lvkm-I-fp-sSbpw
AI-º-Sn-tbm-Sp-IqsS ]´-°m-c≥ Xncp-i-coc c‡-߃ ]Sn-™m-tdm´p
sIm≠p-h-cp-∂p. Ct∏mƒ kz¿§w Xpd-°p-∂-Xn-s\bpw \ΩpsS I¿Øm-
hns‚ c≠m-asØ hc-hn-s\bpw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. aWn-b-Sn-bp-sSbpw adp-
h-lvkm-I-fpsS Inep-°hpw IØn® sagp-Ip-Xn-cn-Ifpw ]cn-ip-≤-∑m-cp-
sSbpw ]tc-X-cp-sSbpw km∂n-≤ysØ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p.
Xncp-i-coc c‡-߃ c≠p ssIbnepw hln®psIm≠v `‡n-]-c-
amb BtLm-j-tØmsS P\-ß-fpsS ASp-°-te°v hcp-∂p. a-Ømbn
24:30-˛31, 1 tImcn. 15:52, 1 sXk. 4:16, Zm\n-tb¬ 7:13, sbi. 27:13, kJ-
cymhv 9:14 F∂o thZ-`m-K-ßsf Bkv]-Z-am°n Nn¥n-°p-tºmƒ I¿-
Øm-hns‚ c≠m-asØ hc-hns\ CXv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. ]ptcm-ln-Xs‚
Ccp-h-i-ß-fnepw IØn® sagp-Ip-Xn-cn-I-fp-ambn ip{iq-j-I¿ AI-ºSn
tkhn-°p-∂p. CXv c≠m-asØ hc-hnse amem-J-am-cpsS AI-º-Snsb
kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p.
P\-߃°v hn. Ip¿_m\ \¬Ip-∂-Xn-\p≈ ka-b-amWv CXv F∂v
At∏mƒ D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ {]m¿∞-\-I-fn¬ \n∂v \ap°v a\-kn-emIpw.
"hen-b-h\pw \ΩpsS c£n-Xm-hp-amb...' F∂p -Xp-S-ßp∂ {]m¿∞-\-
bn¬ hnip-≤-X-Iƒ hln-®n-cn-°p-∂h-sc-bpw, sImSp-°p-∂-h-scbpw,
A\p-`-hn-°p-∂-h-scbpw, A\p-`-hn-°m-\p-≈-h-scbpw A\p-{K-ln-°-W-
sa∂v {]m¿∞n-°p-∂p. hn. Ip¿_m\ kzoI-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v apºpw ]nºp-
ap≈ lrZ-b-kv]¿in-bmb {]m¿∞-\-bpsS Ah-k-c-Øn¬Xs∂ hn.
Ip¿_m\ A\p-`-hn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv DØ-aw. F∂m¬ ]e tZhm-e-b-ß-
fnepw hn. Ip¿_m\ kzoI-cn-°p-hm≥ Hcpßn h∂-h¿ IqSp-X-ep-≈-Xp-
sIm≠v hn. Ip¿_m\ ]Sn-™m-tdm´v Fgp-∂-≈n®v hcp-∂-Xn\v aptºm,
hn. Ip¿_m-\-bpsS Ah-km-\tam BWv \¬Ip-∂-Xv.
62 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
"kvXpXn ssZh-Øn-\p-b-c-Øn¬......' F∂ KoXtam KZytam AXn\p
]I-c-ap≈ KoXtam sNm√p-∂p. Cu KoX-Øns‚ Bcw-`-Øn¬ ]´-
°m-c≥ Imkmbpw ]oem-kmbpw hln-®n-cn-°p∂ ssIIƒ Ipcn-im-
Ir-Xn-bn¬ ]nSn°p∂p. \ap°v c£ D≠m-bXv Ipcn-im-emWv F∂v
\sΩ Hm¿Ωn-∏n-°p-∂p. KoXw sNm√n-bn´v hn. Ip¿_m\ kzoI-cn-°p-
hm≥ km[n-®-Xns\ Hm¿Øv ssZh-Øn\v kvXpXn ]mSp-Ibpw kzoI-
cn® hnip-≤X- I
- ƒ aqew in£bv°pw {]Xn-Im-cØ- n\pw Imc-Wa- m-ImsX
AXv Poh\pw c£-bv°p-ambn Xoc-Wta F∂v {]m¿∞n-°p-∂p. {]m¿∞-
\bv°v Ah-km\w ]´-°m-c≥ Ing-t°m´v Xncn™v t{XmtWm-kn-te°v
t]mIp-∂p. At∏mƒ "`qhmsI \an°pw \ns∂....' F∂ KoXw sNm√p-
∂p. ^n-en-∏y¿ 2:9˛11, k¶o¿Ø\w 110:1, 1 tImcn. 15:27, shfn. 1:7)
F∂o thZ-`m-K-ßfpsS Km\m-hn-jvIm-c-amWv Cu KoXw.
]´-°m-c≥ Xncn-s®-gps-∂≈n H∂n-\p-aosX H∂ns\ Np‰n®v Imkm-
bpw ]oem-kmbpw t{XmtWm-kn¬ hbv°p-∂p. CXv taep-≈-h-scbpw
Xmsg-bp-≈-h-scbpw tbmPn-∏n®p F∂pw BIm-ihpw `qanbpw ssZh-
hm-gvNbv°v Iogvs∏´p F∂pw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p.
IrX-⁄Xm {]m¿∞\
hn. Ip¿_m-\-bpsS kam-]-\-am-Ip-I-bm-Wv. ssZhnI Icp-W -aqew
e`n® c£sb {]Xnbpw kz¿Kob Zm\-߃°pw \¬h-c-߃°pw
th≠nbpw IrX-⁄X A¿∏n-°p-∂p. IqSmsX "hn. cl-ky-ß-fpsS
A\p-`hw aqew in£bv°v A¿l-cm-I-cpsX F∂pw kIe ]pWym-
flm-°-tfm-Sp-IqsS Hml-cnbpw Ah-Im-ihpw {]m]n-°p-hm≥ CS-bm-°-
Wta' F∂pw {]m¿∞n-°p∂p. XpS¿∂v ]´-°m-c≥ kam-[m\w Biw-
kn-°p-∂p. ]n∂oSv ip{iq-j-I≥ "\¬I-s∏´ hn. cl-ky-߃ ssI-
s°m≠ tijw ho≠pw Icp-W-bp≈ I¿Øm-hns‚ apºmsI Xe-Ip-
\n°Ww' F∂v Blzm\w sNøp∂p. CXv aq∂m-a-sØXpw Ah-km-\-
tØ-Xp-amWv. I¿Ømhv kz¿K-Øn¬ \n∂v Cdßn kzbw _en-bmbn
\ap°v c£bpw \nXy-Po-h\pw X∂-Xn-\p≈ IrX-⁄Xm{]m¿∞-\-
bmWv Ct∏mƒ \S-Øp-∂-Xv.
lqtØmΩm
Cu hm-°n\v kam-]-\w, D]-kw-lmcw F∂m-W¿∞w. a‰v IqZm-i-
I-fn¬ CXv KZy-ambn sNm√p∂p. F∂m¬ hn. Ip¿_m-\-bn¬ KoX-am-
bn´v sNm√p-∂p. CXn\v km[m-c-W-bmbn A\p-Xm-]-Øns‚ {]m¿∞\m
KoX-ßtfm, s]cp-∂mƒ, hntij Ah-k-c-߃ F∂n-h-bpsS {]m[m-
63 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
\ysØ ImWn-°p∂ KoX-ß-tfm, ]cn-ip-≤-cpsS a≤y-ÿX bmNn-®p-
sIm-≠p≈ KoX-ßtfm D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p. lqtØmΩm F∂ kpdn-
bm\n ]Z-Øn\v DS-º-Sn, ap{Z-h-bv°¬ Fs∂m-s°bpw A¿∞w D≠v.
hn. Ip¿_m\ Hcp DS-º-Sn-bmWv. ssZhhpw a\p-jy-\p-am-bp≈ Hcp DS-
º-Sn. DS-ºSn ]q¿Øn-bm-Ip-∂Xv ap{Z-h-bv°p-∂-tXm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bmWv. ap{Z-
h®v Dd-∏n®p Ign-™m¬ DS-ºSn A\p-k-cn®p Pohn-°p-Ibpw thWw.
A{]-Imcw euInIPohnXw ssZhnI Pohn-X-am°n am‰n Pohn°mw
F∂ Xocp-am-\-amWv Cu DS-º-Sn-bn¬ IqSn km[y-am-Ip-∂Xv.
Bio¿hm-Zhpw bm{X-b-b∏pw
Im¿Ωn-I≥ ]Z-hn-bn¬ \n∂v Xmsg Cdßn \n∂psIm≠v "]m]-]-
cn-lmcw \¬Ip∂ _en-]o-T-Øn¬ \n∂pw \n߃°v e`n® bm{Xm-`-
£-W-tØmSpw A\p-{K-l-ß-tfmSpw IqsS kam-[m-\-tØmsS t]mIp-
hn≥' F∂v Biw-kn-°p-∂p. Cu Biw-k-bnse bm{Xm-`-£Ww F∂
]Zw hfsc A¿∞-ta-dn-b-Xm-Wv. euInI Pohn-X-Øn¬ ico-c-Øn\v
`£Ww hfsc Bh-iy-amWv. ico-c-Øn\v i‡nbpw HmPkpw e`n-
°p-∂Xv `£-W-Øn¬ \n∂mWv. Bflob Pohn-X-Øn¬ Bflm-hn\v
i‡nbpw _ehpw \¬Ip∂ `£-W-amWv hn. Ip¿_m-\. a\p-jy-Po-
hnXw F∂Xv Hcp Xo¿∞-b m-{ X-b m-W v. B Bflo-b -b m-{ X-b n¬
Bflmhv i‡n-tbm-Sp-IqsS {]bmWw sNøp-hm≥ Cu cl-ky-ß-fm-
Ip∂ `£Ww Bh-iy-amWv AXp-sIm-≠mWv bm{Xm-`-£Ww F∂v
]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. XpS¿∂v "I¿Øm-hns‚ hnP-b-…o-_m-bm¬ c£n-
°-s∏-´-hcpw, ]. amtam-Zo-km-bpsS dqivam-bm¬ ap{Z-bn-S-s∏-´-h-cpta,
hn. {XnXzw, \nß-fpsS IS-߃°pw sX‰p-Iƒ°pw ]cn-lmcw \¬Ip-
Ibpw sNøp-sa∂v' Bizmk-h-N-\-߃ ]d-bp-∂p. Ah-km\w "_e-
lo-\\pw ]m]n-bp-amb X\n°p th≠n {]m¿∞n-°-Wta' F∂v A`y¿-
∞n®psIm≠v ]´-°m-c≥ Bio¿hmZw ]q¿Øn-bm-°p-∂p. A\-¥cw
Xnc-ioe CSp∂p. ]´-°m-c≥ hn. t{XmtWm-kn-\p -ap-ºn¬ ap´p-IpØn
\n∂p-sIm≠v cl-ky-{]m¿∞\ \S-Øp-Ibpw HSp-hn¬ hn. Ip¿_m-\-
bn¬ Hm¿t°-≠-Xmb t]cp-Iƒ Hcn-°¬IqSn Hm¿Øv {]m¿∞n-°p-
Ibpw sNøp-∂p. XpS¿∂v ]Z-hn-ta¬ Ib-dn-\n∂v 23-˛mw k¶o¿Ø\w
sNm√ns°m≠v ]oem-km-bn¬ \n∂v A\p-`-hn-°p-∂p. CS-b≥ ]®-bmb
]p¬]p-d-ß-fn¬ tabv°p∂Xpt]mse {InkvXp-hm-Ip∂ CS-b≥ Xs‚
BSp-Iƒ°v th≠n kz¥w Pohs\ \¬In tabv°p∂p F∂ kXyw
\mw k¶o¿Ø\ [ym\-Øn-eqsS A¿∞-am-°p-∂p. Cu ka-bØv P\-
߃ "A·n-ab - ∑
- m¿ Bsc-t\m°n hnd-®o-Sp-∂p...' F∂ KoX-hpw, "Fs‚
IS-ß-f-tijw \n≥...' F∂ KoXhpw sNm√p-∂p. ]´-°m-c≥ {]m¿∞-
64 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw 65 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw

\-Iƒ \SØn Imkm-bn¬ \n∂v A\p-`h - n-°p-∂p. icocc‡-߃ A\p- _p¿Ivkm A∏w `£n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.
`-hn®tijw t{XmtWm-knse Xncn-Iƒ sISp-Øp-∂p. AXn\ptijw
_p¿Ivk
Imkm, ]oemk, ssIhn-c-ep-Iƒ F∂nh Igp-Ip-Ibpw B sh≈w
IpSn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. 29-˛mw k¶o¿Ø\w, {]m¿∞-\-Iƒ F∂nh hn. Ip¿_m-\bv°v km[m-cW c≠v A∏w D≠m-°p-∂p. H∂v hn.
sNm√p∂p. CtX XpS¿∂v acn-®h - ¿°p th≠n-bp≈ {]pantbm≥, skZd Ip¿_m-\bv°v D]-tbm-Kn-°p-Ibpw a‰Xv hn. Ip¿_m-\m-\¥
- cw hmgvØn
F∂nh sNm√p-∂p. ]n∂oSv "tamdm-\otim ainl....' F∂ KoXw P\- siΩm-i\v (ip{iqjI≥) sImSp-°p-Ibpw siΩm-i≥ (ip{iqjI≥)
߃ sNm√p-∂p. XpS¿∂v Ft{Xm \S-Øp-∂p. CXn\ptijw t{XmtWm- AXv P\-߃°mbn \¬Ip-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. CXv ]g-b-Im-esØ
kn-t\mSp hnS tNmZn-°p∂p. B {]m¿∞\ C{]-Im-c-amWv: "I¿Øm- kvt\lhn-cp-∂n-t\mSv kZr-iy-am-Wv. BZnaIme-ß-fn¬ hn. Ip¿_m-\-
hns‚ ]cn-ip-≤hpw Znhy-hp-amb _en-]o-Tta kam-[m-\-tØmsS hkn- bv°p≈ A∏w hnizm-kn-Iƒ hoSp-I-fn¬ \n∂v D≠m°n sIm≠phcnI
°p-I. C\n Cu k∂n-[n-bn-te°v Rm≥ hcptam C√tbm F∂v F\n°v Bbn-cp∂p ]Xn-hv. hn. Ip¿_m\ A¿∏n-°p-hm≥ A∏w FSp-Ø-Xn-\p-
\n›-ba- n-√...' X∑qew acWw Bk-∂a - m-sW∂pw C\n hnip≤- Ip¿_m- ti-j-ap-≈h hn. Ip¿_m-\m-\-¥cw hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v ip{iq-j-I≥ \¬-
\-bn¬ kw_-‘n-°p-hm≥ km[n-°ptam F∂ Imcyw \n›-ba - ns√∂pw, Ip∂ ]Xn-hp-≠m-bn-cp∂p. F∂m¬ A∏-Øns‚ hnip≤n Im°p-hm≥
AXp-sIm≠v Hmtcm hn. Ip¿_m-\bv°pw tijw hfsc Pm{K-X-tbmSpw th≠n tZhm-e-b-ß-fn¬ Xs∂ A∏w D≠m-°p-Ibpw hnizm-kn-Iƒ
kqjva-X-tbmSpw Pohn-°Wsa∂ Imcyw Hm¿Ωn-∏n-°p∂p. A∏-Øn\v ]I-c-ambn Ign-h-\p-k-cn-®p≈ t\¿®-Iƒ, Ip¿_m-\-∏Ww
F∂nh tZhm-e-b-ß-fn¬ \¬Ip-Ibpw sNøp∂ coXn ]n∂o-Sp-≠mbn.
_en]oT-Øn-t\mSv kam-[m\w Biw-kn-°p-∂p. Awi-h-kv{X-߃
am‰ns°m≠v hn. t{XmtWm-kp -apØn hncn-°q´v aS°n X_vsseØm-
bpsS apI-fn¬ h®n´v hn. aZv_-lm-bn¬ \n∂v Cd-ßp∂p.
ImWn°
hn.- Ip¿∫m-\-bv°mbn tZhm-e-b-Øn¬ hcp∂ Hcmƒ shdpwssI-
bmbn hcp-∂Xv icn-bp-a√, A`n-am-\-X-c-hp-a-√. Ah-c-h-cpsS Ign-h-\p-
k-cn®v ssZh-k-∂n-[n-bn¬ ImgvN ka¿∏n°mw. A¿∏Wat\m-`m-h-an-
√msX `‡n ]q¿Æ-am-Ip-Ib - n√. tZhm-eb
- Ø
- n-te°v {]th-in-°p-tºmƒ
\S-Øp∂ {]m¿∞-\-bn¬ C°mcyw hfsc hy‡-ambn ]d-™n-´p-≠v.
"_lp-aXn]q¿∆w Rm≥ \ns‚ `h-\-Øn-te°v h∂v Fs‚ t\¿®-
Isf \n\°p Ign°pw.' shdpwssIbmbn ]≈n-bn¬ hc-cp-sX-∂mWv
]nXm-°-∑m¿ \n›-bn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. 2 iap. 24:24˛¬ ]d-bp-∂-Xp-t]mse
"F\n°v H∂pw Nne-hn-√msX Rm≥ Fs‚ ssZh-amb btlm-hbv°v
tlma-bmKw Ign-°-bn√' F∂ -`mKw ChnsS {it≤-b-amWv. \sΩ-
Øs∂ ka¿∏n-°p-∂-Xns‚ {]Xo-I-am-bn-´mWv t\¿®-Iƒ ka¿∏n-°p-
∂-Xv.
ssIapØv
\a-kv°mctai-bn-ep≈ hn. thZ-]p-kvXI
- t- am hn. …o_mtbm apØn
]ncn-bp-∂p. IqSmsX Xncp-i-co-c-߃ FSpØ ssI F∂ \ne-bn¬
Im¿Ωn-Is‚ ssI apØp∂p. Cu ka-bØv ImWn° ka¿∏n-°p-Ibpw,
66 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
A\p-_‘w 1
Pohs‚ ]pkvXIw
hn. _en-]o-T-Øn¬ acn®pt]mb-hcpsS t]cv FgpXnhbv°p∂
]pkvX-I-amWv kv]¿lmtbm AYhm Pohs‚ ]pkvX-I-ambn Adn-b-
s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. Pohs‚ ]pkvXIw F∂Xv Poh-\p≈hcpsS ]pkvXIw.
k¶o¿Ø\-°m-c≥ ]d-bp∂p "Rm≥ acn°bn√, Rm≥ Poh-t\m-sS-
bn-cp-∂v btlmhbpsS {]hrØn-Isf h¿Æn°pw' (k-¶o. 118:17). PUn-
I-ambn acn-®mepw BflnI-ambn Pohn-°p-∂XpsIm≠v hnizmknIƒ
\n{Z-sIm-≈p∂p (hmßnt∏m-bn) F∂mWv k`m]mc-ºcyw ]Tn-∏n-°p-
∂Xv. ]utemkv «olm tdmam teJ-\-Øn¬ ]d-bp∂p, \ΩpsS "ssZh-
Øns‚ Ir]m-h-ctam I¿Øm-hmb tbip-{In-kvXp-hn¬ \nXy-Po-h≥
Xs∂' (tdma. 6:23). tImcn¥y teJ-\Ø- n¬ «olm {]t_m-[n-∏n-°p∂p,
""AXp-sIm≠v ico-c-Øn¬ hkn-®mepw icocw hn´mepw R߃
Ahs\ {]km-Zn-∏n-°p-∂h - ¿ BIp-hm≥ A`n-am-\n-°p∂p'' (2 tImcn¥y
5:9). AXp-sIm≠v icocw \in-®mepw Bflmhv Pohn-°p-∂p. Aßs\
Poh-\p≈ Bflm-°-fm-bn-´p≈ \ΩpsS ]q¿hn-I¿°v th≠n \Ωƒ
{]m¿∞n-°p-∂p. \ΩpsS {]m¿∞-\-I-fm¬ Ah¿°pw Ah-cpsS {]m¿-
∞\-Ifm¬ \ap°pw ssZhn-I-amb Bizmkw e`n-°p-∂p.
hmßn-t∏m-b-h¿°pth≠n {]m¿∞n-°pI F∂Xv kpdn-bm\nk`-
bpsS ]mc-º-cy-amWv. AXv \ΩpsS \a-kvImc{Ia-ß-fn¬ \n∂v a\-
kn-emIpw. BgvN-h-´-Øn¬ Rmb¿ Hgn-®p≈ Znh-k-ß-sf km[m-cW
Znh-k-߃ F∂mWv ]d-bp-∂-Xv. B km-[m-cW Znh-k-ßfn¬ Hmtcm
Znh-kØn\pw {]tXyI {]m¿∞\mhnj-b-߃ D≠v. AXn¬ i\n-
bmgvN, kI-e- hm-ßn-t∏m-b-h¿°p th≠n-bp≈ {]m¿∞-\-bmWv {Iao-
I-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. AXpt]mse bma{]m¿∞\Ifn¬ HºXmw aWn-
bpsS \akvImcw acn®h¿°v th≠nbp≈Xmbn´mWv {IaoIcn®ncn-
°p∂Xv. IqSmsX, hn. Ip¿_m-\-bn¬ H∂n-e-[nIw {]mhiyw hmßn-
t∏mb kIe hnizm-kn-I-sfbpw Hm¿°p-Ibpw Ah¿°p th≠n {]m¿-
∞n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p. C°m-c-W-ß-fm¬ hmßn-t∏m-b-h¿°v th≠n
{]m¿∞n-°pI F∂Xv kpdn-bm\n ]mc-º-cy-Øn¬ Hgn-®p-Iq-Sm≥
BhmØ H∂m-Wv.
…o_m-bpsS cm{Xn \a-kvIm-c-Øn¬ C{]-Imcw ]mSp-∂p.
"\n߃ X≥ar-X¿t]-cp-I-sf˛
Hm¿°m\pw ]≈n-bn-en-hnsS
67 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
Fgp-Xm\pw ta¬ kz¿K-Øn¬˛ain-lm -X≥ hc-hn¬ Xt∂m-S˛
-h¿ tamZn-∏m\pw˛tN¿∏n≥ {]nkvXm-bn¬.'
kpdn-bm\nk`-bpsS ]mc-ºc - y-{]-Imcw hmßn-t∏mb hnizm-kn-If
- psS
t]cv hnip-≤- t{Xm-tWm-kns‚ hncn-bn¬ ({]n-kvXm) Fgp-tX-≠XmWv.
XnI®pw A{]m-tbm-Kn-I-am-sW∂v tXm∂p∂ Cu \n_-‘\ hy‡-
am-°p-∂Xv acn-®p-t]mb hnizm-kn-I-fpsS t]cv hnip≤ _en-]o-T-Øn¬
hncn-t]mse am‰m-\m-hm-Øh
- n[w AhnsS kq£n-t°≠ Hcp tcJ-bmWv
F∂mWv.
BZw apX-ep≈ tKm{X]nXm°∑mcpsSbpw {]hm-N-I-∑m-cp-sSbpw
«ol∑m-cp-sSbpw kl-tZ-∑m-cp-sSbpw sauZym-\-∑m-cp-sSbpw ImZo-i-
∑m-cp-sSbpw ]nXm-°-∑m-cp-sSbpw t]cp-Iƒ hnip-≤ -t{Xm-tWm-kn¬
FgpXn hbv°pI F∂ al-\ob ]mc-ºcyw GXm≠v 12-˛mw \q‰m-t≠mSp
IqSn kpdn-bm\nk`-bn¬ AkvX-an-®p.
1876-˛¬ ae-¶ck` kµ¿in® BZysØ At¥ym-Jy≥ ]m{Xn-b¿-
°o-kmb ]. ]t{Xmkv XrXo-b≥ Cu ]pcm-X\ ]mc-ºcyw ae¶c
k`bn¬ ]p\cp-≤m-cWw \S-Øp-∂-Xn\v Bh-iy-s∏-´p. 1876 Ipw`w 8˛\v
tIm´bw sNdnb]≈n-bn¬ \n∂v kIe hmßnt∏mbh-cp-sSbpw Rmb-
dmgvN (B\osZ Rmb¿) ]. ]m{Xn-b¿°okv _mhm, F√m ]≈n-I-
fnepw acn®pt]mb-h-cpsS t]scgp-Xnb ]pkvXIw D≠m-bn-cn-t°-≠-
Xm-sW∂pw B ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ Hmtcm-cp-Ø\pw Ah-\-hs‚ acn®p
t]mb-hc - psS t]cv Imem-Im-eßfn¬ tN¿t°-≠X
- m-sW∂pw "B\nsZ'
Rmb-dmgvN F√m-h-cpsSbpw t]cv Hm¿t°-≠-Xm-sW∂pw, Cu ]pkvX-
Iw hnip-≤ -t{Xm-tWm-kn¬ \n∂v am‰n-°q-Sm-Ø-Xm-sW∂pap≈ Hcp
Iev]\ ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-®p.
Ah-ew_w:
1. Imt\m\ \akvImcw.
2. hn. Ip¿_m-\-{I-aw.
3. hS-°≥aÆq¿ ]≈nbnse Pohs‚ ]pkvXIw.
68 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
A\p-_‘w 2
ssZhm-e-bw: ssZh-Øns‚ Bebw
ssZhw FhnsS hkn-°p-∂pthm AXmWv ssZhm-e-bw. ssZhw
k¿∆hym]n-bmWv. X∑qew ssZh-tØmSv FhnsS h®pw Ft∏mƒ
thW-sa-¶nepw {]m¿∞n°mw. F¶nepw ""Rm≥ Ah-cpsS \Sp-hn¬
hkn-∏m≥ Ah¿ F\n°v Hcp hnip≤ aµncw D≠m-°Ww'' (]p-d-∏mSv
25:8) F∂ btlm-h-bpsS Acp-f-∏mSv e`n-®-Xp-sIm-≠mWv hnip≤ aµn-
c-߃ \n¿Ωn-°p-∂-Xv.
tami-bpsS Ime-Øn\papºv bmK-]o-T-ß-fn¬ Bbn-cp∂p Bcm-[\
\S-Øn-bn-cp-∂-Xv. tami-bpsS ImeØv btlm-h-bpsS Iev]-\-{]-Imcw
kam-K-a\ IqSmcw \n¿Ωn-®p. AXn\ptijw item-tam≥ cmPm-hns‚
ImeØv bdp-itew tZhm-ebw \n¿Ωn-®p ssZhsØ Bcm-[n®p
t]m∂p.
A. ssZhm-ebw
ssZhm-ebw k`-bpsS {]Xo-Ihpw kz¿§-Øns‚ Ombbpw BWv.
]≈nsb IqSmsX k`tbm, k`sb IqSmsX ]≈ntbm C√. hn. _en-
]o-T-Øn-t∑¬ A∏ho™p-I-fpsS cq]-Øn¬ ssZh-]p-{X≥ k∂n-ln-
X-\m-Ip-Ibpw AZriyk`-bnse amem-JamcpsSbpw hnip-≤∑ - m-cp-sSbpw
kaq-l-߃ ktΩ-fn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v ]≈n-bn¬
Xmt_m¿ ae-bn¬ F∂-{]-Imcw kz¿§-Øns‚ Ah-X-cWw kw`-hn-
°p-∂-Xn-\m¬ Pohn-®n-cn-°p-∂-h¿°v kz¿§m-\p-`q-Xn-bn¬ hf-cp-∂-Xn\v
km[n-°p-∂p. k` kz¿§tØmSpw, ]dp-Zo-k-tbm-Spw, `qan-tbmSpw _‘-
s∏-Sp-Ibpw Dƒs°m-≈p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xp-t]mse, ]≈n hn. aZv_-
lm-tb-bpw, Agn-°-I-tØ-bpw, ssl°-em-tbbpw Dƒs°m≈p-∂p.
tbdp-itew tZhm-e-b-Øns‚ Af-hp-Ifpw `mK-ßfpw 1 cmPm-°-∑m¿
6˛mw A≤ym-b-Øn¬ \n∂v e`n-°p-∂p.
B. tZhm-e-b-Øns‚ `mK߃
tbdp-itew ssZhm-e-b-Øns‚ {][m-\-`m-K-߃ Xmsg-∏-d-bp-∂-h-
bmWv.
1. AXn-hn-ip≤ ÿew.
2. ip≤ ÿew.
69 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
3. {]mImcw.
4. ]pd-Pm-Xn-Iƒ°p≈ ÿew.
sbdp-itew tZhm-e-b-tØmSv kmay-s∏-SpØn \ΩpsS tZhm-e-b-
߃°pw 4 `mK-߃ D≠v.
1. hn. aZv_-lm. 2. Agn-°-Iw. 3. ssl°-e. 4. \mS-I-im-e.
sbdp-itew tZhm-e-b-Ønse AXn-hn-ip≤ ÿeØv km£y-s]-
´Iw ÿm]n-®n-cp-∂p. AXn¬ 10 Iev]-\-Iƒ, Al-tdms‚ Xfn¿Ø-
hSn, a∂ C´p-h® s]m≥]m{Xw F∂nh D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. \ΩpsS tZhm-
e-b-ß-fn¬ km£y-s]-´-I-Øns‚ ÿm\Øv hn. t{XmtWmkv, Iev]-
e-I-I-fpsS ÿm\Øv hn. Gh≥tK-en-tbm≥, a∂ C´p-h® s]m≥
]m{X-Øns‚ ÿm\Øv Imkm ]oem-k, Al-tdms‚ Xfn¿Ø-h-Sn-
bpsS ÿm\Øv Ipcniv F∂n-h-bmWv D≈-Xv. Hcp ]≈n-s°-´nSw
ssZhm-eb - a
- m-bn-Øo-cp-∂Xv AXn\v ASn-ÿm-\i
- ne ÿm]n®v hn. _en-
]o-T-hpw, hn. aZv_-lm-bpw, ssl°-embpw hn. aqtdm≥sIm≠v A`n-
tjIw sNbvXp Ign-bp-tºm-gm-Wv.
C. inem-ÿm-]\w
]≈n-bpsS bYm¿∞-Øn-ep≈ inem-ÿm-]\w F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv
]≈n-s°-´nSw ]Wn-bp∂ Ah-k-c-Øn¬ {]mcw-`-ambn hm\-Øn¬ I√v
ÿm]n-°p∂ NS-ß-√. adn®v ]≈n-°q-Zm-i-tbm-S-\p-_-‘n-®p≈ Hcp
NS-ßm-Wv. inem-ÿm-]-\-Øn\p≈ I√v {]tXy-I-ambn Xøm-dm°n
AXns‚ a≤y-Øn¬ Hcp sN∏v AS°w sNø-Ø-°-hÆw Hcp Ipgn
D≠m-°p-∂p. B Ipgn-bn¬ Hcp sN∏n-\-IØv I¿Øm-hns\ {]Xn-\n-
[o-I-cn-°p∂ Hcp kz¿Æ-°p-cnipw 12 «ol-∑msc {]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p∂
12 I√p-Ifpw h®v AXn\p ]pdsa hnizm-kn-Isf {]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p∂
Ip¥n-cn-°hpw C´v ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ Bh-kn∏pw \nd-hns‚ A\p-`-
hhpw ImWn-°p∂ hn. aqtdm\pw Hgn®v AS®v t\csØ Xøm-dm-°nb
I√n-ep≈ Ipgn-bn¬ hbv°p-∂p. A\-¥cw {]m¿∞-\I - fpw a‰pw \SØn
B I√v hn. aqtdm≥ sIm≠v A`n-tjIw sNbvXv BtLm-jn-®n´v
t{XmtWm-kns‚ ASn-bn¬ AXn-\mbn Xøm-dm-°-s∏-´n-´p≈ Ipgn-bn¬
ÿm]n-°p-∂p. AtXm-Sp-IqSn B ]≈n k`-tbmSv tN¿Øv ]Wn-b-s∏-
Sp-Ibpw k`-bpsS Hcp `mK-ambn Xocp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. I¿Øm-hmb
tbip-{InkvXp aqe-°√pw At∏mkvtXm-e-∑mcpw {]hm-N-I-∑mcpw ASn-
ÿm-\-I-√p-I-fm-Ip∂ Dd-∏p≈ ASn-ÿm-\-Ønt∑¬ k` ]Wn-b-s∏-
Sp∂p F∂p-≈-XmWv inem-ÿm-]-\-Øns‚ A¿∞w.
70 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
A\p-_‘w 3
hn. aZv_-lmbpw D]-I-c-W-ßfpw
1. hn. t{XmtWmkv
GXnt∑¬ _en A¿∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂pthm AXn\v _en-]oTw F∂p
]d-bp-∂p. _en-]o-T-Øn\v ""knwlm-k\w'' F∂¿∞-ap≈ t{XmtWmkv
F∂pw t]cp-≠v. t{XmtWmkv I√p-sIm≠v sI´n `wKn-bmbn sh≈
tX®-tXm, acwsIm≠v D≠m-°n-btXm BImw. hn. t{XmtWmkv tKmKp-
¬Øm ae- t bbpw I¿Øm- h ns‚ I_- d n- s \bpw kqNn- ∏ n- ° p- ∂ p.
t{XmtWm-kns‚ a≤y-Øn-embn Ft∏mgpw Hcp Ipcnipw Ccp-h-i-ß-
fnepambn sagp-Ip-Xn-cn-°mepw D≠m-bn-cn-°pw.
2. Ipcniv
GXv Bcm-[-\-bnepw Ipcniv Bcm-[y-h-kvXp-hmbn \Sp-\m-b-IXzw
hln-°p-∂p. hn. t{XmtWm-kn¬ Ft∏mgpw Hcp ac-°p-cniv D≠m-bn-cn-
°Ww F∂p-≈Xv \n¿_-‘-am-Wv. hn. t{XmtWm-kn¬ A√msX a‰v
ip{iq-j-Iƒ \S-Øp-tºmgpw Hcp taibpw AXnt∑¬ Hcp Ipcnipw
Ccp-h-i-ß-fnepw sagp-Ip-Xn-cnbpw h®n-cn°pw Ipcniv I¿Øm-hns\
{]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p-∂p.
3. sagp-Ip-Xncn
hn. t{XmtWm-kn¬ Ipcn-in\v ]pdta sagp-Ip-Xn-cn-Iƒ D≠m-bn-cn-
°-Ww. km[m-c-W-bmbn 12 Xncn-I-fmWv D]-tbm-Kn-°m-dp-≈Xv. CXv
I¿Øm-hns‚ 12 «ol-∑msc kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. 2, 3, 7 Xncn-Ifpw Npcp-°-
Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°m-dp≠v. tZhm-e-b-Ønse \nXym-cm-[-\-I-fn¬
k‘ym-{]m¿∞\ apX¬ t{XmtWm-kn¬ Hcp Xncnbpw kqØm-d-bn¬
91-˛mw akp-aqd apX¬ 2 Xncnbpw cm{Xn {]m¿∞-\-bn¬ lmte-eqøm
apXepw {]`mX\a-kvIm-c-Øn\pw hn. t{XmtWm-knt∑¬ Hcp Xncnbpw
IØn-°p-∂p. A·n ssZhnI-km-∂n-≤y-sØbpw ssNX-\y-sØ-bp-amWv
kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.
4. NntØm¬
hn. t{XmtWmkv s]mXn-bp∂ Nn{X-∏-Wn-I-fp≈ Ae-¶mchkv{X-
am-Wn-Xv. km[m-c-W-bmbn NntØm¬ ta¬Øcw XpWn-Iƒ sIm≠v
D≠m-°p-Ibpw aq∂v Jfiß-fmbn Xncn-®n-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. CXv
I¿Ømhns\ I_-d-S°p∂ ka-bØv I¿Øm-hns\ s]mXn™
tIØm\ ]´ns\ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p.
71 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
5. sh≈ hncn
hn. Ip¿_m-\-kabØv NntØmens‚ apI-fn¬ Hcp sh≈ hncn
C´n-cn°pw CXns‚ AcnIpw Nn{X-∏Wn-Iƒ sNbvX-Xm-bn-cn-°pw.
6. hn. X_vsseØm
GI-tZiw 15 C©v \ofhpw 8 C©v hoXnbpw 1 C©v I\hpw D≈
taevØcw acw sImt≠m, am¿_nƒsImt≠m \n¿Ωn® ]e-I-bm-WnXv.
hn. t{XmtWmkv IqZmi sNøp∂ AtX-{Iaw D]-tbm-Kn®pXs∂-bmWv
hn. X_vsseØmbpw IqZmi sNøp-∂Xv. CXn\v Moving Altar F∂p
]d-bp-∂p≠v. tZhm-e-btam t{XmtWmtkm C√mØ ÿ-eØv hn.
X_vsseØm h®v hn. Ip¿_m\ A¿∏n-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. hn. t{XmtWm-
kp-s≠-¶n¬ t]mepw hn. X_vsseØm IqSmsX hn. Ip¿_m\ A¿∏n-
°p-hm≥ ]mSn√. hn. X_vsseØm-bpsS ASn-h-iØv AXv Bcm¬,
F∂v IqZmi sNbvXp F∂v Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°W
- w. As√-¶n¬ CXv IqZmi
sNbvX-XmtWm A√tbm F∂v ]nev°m-eØv kwi-bn°mw. Hcn-°¬
IqZmi sNbvX X_vsseØm c≠m-aXv IqZmi sNøp-hm≥ ]mSn√.
hn. X_vsseØm I¿Øm-hns\ {Iqin® …o_m-bpsS ZrjvSm-¥-amWv.
hn. X_vsseØm IqSmsX hn. Ip¿_m\ A¿∏n-°p-hm≥ B¿°pw
A\p-hm-Z-an√. AXp-t]mse ]ptcm-ln-X\v Hcp Znhkw Hcp {]mhiyw
am{Xta Hcp hn. X_vsseØm-bn¬ hn. Ip¿_m\ A¿∏n-°p-hm≥
]mSp≈q. hn. X_vsseØm ""hncn-°q´v'' C´v aqSp-Ibpw Imkm-]o-em-
k-Iƒ AXnt∑¬ {Ia-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. GZs‚ ]dp-Zo-k-
bnse Pohs‚ ac-ambn CXns\ Nn{Xo-I-cn-°p-∂p.
7. hncn-°q´v
hn. t{XmtWmkv NntØm¬ sIm≠v aqSp-∂Xpt]mse hn. X_v-
sseØm hncn-°q´v D]-tbm-Kn®p aqSp-∂p. CXnt∑emWv Imkm-]oem-
kIƒ {Ia-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv. hncn-°q-´n¬ {][m-\-ambpw 3 \nd-߃ D≠m-
bn-cn-°pw.
G‰hpw ]pdta Nph∏v. AXv {]]-©sØ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. AXn\p
apI-fn¬ ]®. AXv `qansb kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. G‰hpw D≈n¬ sh≈
(a™) CXv k`sb kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p.
I_n-em-\bpw (Im-km-]o-em-kI
- ƒ aqSp∂ Nn{X-∏W - n-It- fmSp IqSnb
XpWn. CXv ko\mbv ae-bpsS apI-fn-ep≈ taLsØ kqNn-∏n-°p∂p)
timi∏mbpw (Nn-{X-∏-Wn-I-tfmSv IqSnb shfpØ XpWn. CXv Ir]m-
k-\-Øn\v apI-fn-ep≈ tXP- n-s\bpw, BtLm-jn-°p-tºmƒ ]cn-ip-
≤m- fl m- h ns‚ Bhm- k - s Øbpw kqNn- ∏ n- ° p- ∂ p) iv a p¿tØmbpw
72 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
(Imkm-]o-em-k-Iƒ XpS-bv°p-hm-\p≈ kvt]m©p-sIm-≠p≈ sNdnb
Ipjy≥) hncn-°q-´-tØm-sSm-∂n®v D≠m-bn-cn-°pw.
8. Imkm-]o-em-k-Iƒ
Imkm-]o-em-k-Iƒ ta¬Øcw teml-߃ sIm≠v ]Wn-X-Xm-bn-
cn-°pw. ]pXp-Xmbn Imkm]oem-k-Iƒ, hncn-°q-´w, NntØm¬, Im∏-
°q´w, ip{iq-j° - p-∏mbw apX-em-bh D]-tb-mKn-°p-tºmƒ Ah-bv°p≈
ip≤o-I-cW{]m¿∞\ \S-ØnbtijamWv D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xv. Imkm-
]oem-k-Iƒ a∂ C´p-h® s]m≥]m{XsØ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. hn. Ip¿-
_m\ A\p-`-hn-°p-∂-Xn\mbn Hcp kv]q¨ (X¿thm-tZm. b-i-ømhv
6:6), ]oem-km-bpsS D≈n¬ I_n-em-\-bpsS ASn-bn¬ hbv°p∂ Ipcn-
im-Ir-Xn-bp≈ Iu°p_m (Imen-sØm-gp-Øn\v apI-fn¬ {]Xy-£-s∏´
\£-{XsØ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p), hn. Ip¿_m\ A¿∏n-°p∂ ka-bØv
]ptcm-ln-X\v ssIhn-ce - p-Iƒ Igp-Ip-∂Xn\v sh≈w hbv°p-∂X- n-\p≈
sNdn-b-]m{Xw F∂nh Imkm-Iq-´-tØm-sSm-∂n®v D≠m-bn-cn-°pw.
9. cwtiØn
CXv t]m¿´p-Kokv ]mc-ºc- y-Øn¬ \n∂pw e`n® Hcp Ae-¶m-ca
- mWv.
kz¿Æ Kn¬‰n´v at\m-l-c-am-°nb ]q°fpw Ce-Ifpw D≈ sNSn-bpsS
cq]-Øn-em-Wn-Xv. hn. Ip¿_m-\-bnse {]]© km∂n-≤ysØ Bbn-
cn°pw CXv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.
10. k{Imcn (a-iv°¬ k_n-s\m)
CXv tdma≥ ItØm-en°m ]mc-º-cy-am-Wv. hn. Ip¿_m\ kq£n®v
hbv°p∂Xn\v _en-]o-T-Øn¬ hbv°p∂ t]S-I-am-Wn-Xv. `wKn-bmbn
Ae-¶-cn-®n-´p-≈Xpw AIw ]´p-sIm≠v s]mXn-™n-´p-≈-Xp-amWv. CXn-
\p-≈n¬ hn. Ip¿_m\ hbv°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ sN∏v D≠v. CXv IqSmsX
hn. aqtdm\pw, sskØpw CXn-\p-≈n¬ kq£n-°m-dp-≠v. hn. Ip¿_m\
kq£n®ph®n-cn-°p∂ tZhm-e-b-ß-fn¬ "sISm-hn-f°v' Bh-iy-am-Wv.
11. Gh≥tKen-tbm≥ tai
km[mcWbmbn CXv hn. aZv_l- m-bn¬ hn. t{XmtWm-kns‚ hS°p
`mKØv hbv°p∂p. CXv hninjvS hkv{X-߃ sIm≠v Ae-¶-cn-®n-Sp-
Ibpw AXn\p apI-fn¬ hn. Gh≥tKentbm≥ ]pkvX-Ihpw c≠v sagp-
IpXncn-Ifpw hbv°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p. hn. Gh≥tKen-tbm≥ ]pkvXIw
]Øv Iev]-\-Iƒ Fgp-Xnb Iev]-e-I-Isf kqNn∏n-°p-∂p.
12. knwlm-k\w
F∏n-kvtIm-∏msb IqSmsX k`tbm ]≈ntbm C√. ]´-°m-c≥
73 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
]≈n-bn¬ F∏n-kvtIm-∏m-bpsS {]Xn-\n-[n-bmWv. AXp-sIm≠v F∏n-
kvtIm∏m k∂n-ln-X-\-s√-¶n¬ Xs∂bpw At±-l-Øns‚ knwlm-
k\w hn. aZv_-lm-bn¬ D-≠m-bn-cn-°-Ww.
13. [q]-°p‰n
[q]-°p-‰n°v 2 X´p-Ifpw 4 Nß-e-Ifpw 12 aWn-Ifpw Ch-sb√mw
_‘n-∏n-°p∂ sImfp-Øp-Ifpw D≠v. X´p-Iƒ I\y-I-a-dn-bm-an-s\bpw,
A·n ssZh-]p-{X-t\bpw, Nß-e-I-fn¬ H∂v ]nXm-hn-s\bpw cs≠Æw
ssZh-hpw a\p-jy-\p-amb ]p{X-t\bpw, \mem-a-tØXv hn. dqlm-tbbpw
12 aWn-Iƒ 12 «ol-∑m-tcbpw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. Nß-e-bnse IÆn-Iƒ
Xe-ap-dI- s
- f-bmWv {]Xn-\n-[o-Ic
- n-°p-∂X
- v. km[mcWbmbn 72 IÆnIƒ
D≠mbncn°pw. CXv 72 Adnbn∏pImsc kqNn∏n°p∂Xmbn Nne
hymJymXm°ƒ ]dbp∂p. IqSp-X¬ hni-Z-amb hymJym-\-Øn¬ [q]-
°p-‰n-bpsS ta¬Ø´v BIm-i-tØbpw ASn-Ø´v `qan-tbbpw, Icn ]m]-
a-bc- mb a\p-jy-tcbpw, Icn A·n-aqew Pzen®v {]Im-in-°p-∂X - p-t]mse
]m]-a-b-cmb a\p-jy¿ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ Bhmk-Øm¬ ]m]w
\oßn {]Im-in-°p-sa∂v kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. hn. ssZh-am-Xmhpw «ol-
∑mcpw ]cn-ip-≤-∑mcpw hnizm-kn-I-fpsS kaq-l-hpaSßnb s]mXp k`-
tb-bmWv [q]-°p‰n kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. Nß-e-bpsS IÆn-Iƒ BZmw
apX-ep≈ kIe Xe-ap-d-I-sfbpw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. kpK-‘-h¿§-ß-
fpsS ]pI taevt]m-´p-b-cp-∂Xpt]mse \ΩpsS {]m¿∞-\-Iƒ ssZh-
Øn-¶-te°v Db-cp-∂-Xm-bn-cn-°-W-sa∂pw ImWn-°p∂p.
14. aWn
ip{iq-j-bpsS {][m\ `mK-ßsf hnizm-kn-Isf Adn-bn-°p-∂-Xn\v
ssIaWn-Iƒ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p. hen-b-aWn \a-kvImckabw Adn-
bn°-phm\mWv D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xv. km[m-cW Znh-kß
- f
- n¬ c≠v {]mh-
iyhpw (cm-hn-sebpw sshIn´pw) aq∂p t\mºnepw henbt\mºnepw
aq∂p {]mh-iyhpw (D-®-bv°pw) henbaWn ASn-°p-∂p.
15. adp-h-l-km-Iƒ
adp-h-l-km-Iƒ t{kmt∏-∑m-cpsS Nn{X-߃ sImØn-bn-´p-≈-h-
bmWv. hn. Ip¿_m-\-bnepw ip{iq-j-I-fnepw BflnIambn \tΩm-Sp-
IqSn kw_-‘n-°p∂ amem-J-amsc adp-h-l-vkm-Iƒ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p.
adp-h-lv-km-I-fpsS 72 aWn-Iƒ Adn-bn-∏p-Imsc {]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p-∂p.
16. Xnc-»oe
hn. aZv_-lmsb tZhm-e-b-Øns‚ a‰p `mK-ß-fn¬ \n∂v th¿Xn-
cn°p-∂Xv Xnc-»o-e-bm-Wv. ]g-b-\n-ba ImeØv AXnhnip≤ ÿew
74 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
{]mImcØn¬ \n∂v Xnc-»o-e-bm¬ th¿Xn-cn-°-s∏-´n-cp-∂p. Hmtcm hn.
t{XmtWmkns‚ apºnepw Xnc-»oe th≠-Xm-Wv.
II. Agn-°Iw
\ymb-{]-amW ImesØ hnip≤ÿe-Øns‚ ÿm\-amWv C∂v
Agn-°-I-Øn-\v. hn. aZv_-lm-bn¬ \n∂p-sIm-≠-√msX \S-Øp∂ \a-
kvIm-c-ßfpw IqZm-i-Ifpw \S-Øp-∂Xv ChnsS \n∂p-sIm-≠m-Wv.
k‘y-bnepw {]`m-X-Øn-ep-ap≈ Bcm-[\ c≠v KqZm-I-fmbn \S-Øp-
hm≥ c≠v tai- I ƒ Agn- ° - I Øp≠m- b n- c n- ° - W w. {][m\ hn.
t{XmtWm-kp-Iƒ°v ]pdsa thsd t{XmtWm-kp-Iƒ Bh-iy-sa-¶n¬
Ah Agn-°-IØv sX°pw hS-°p-ambn Ingt° Acn-In¬ ]Wn-bp∂p.
Aßs\ t{XmtWm-kp-Iƒ Ds≠-¶n¬ AXn-\p≈ `mKw th¿Xn-cn-®n-
Sp-Ibpw B `mKw P\-߃ D]-tbm-Kn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw thWw. hn.
aZv_lm t]mse Agn-°-Ihpw `‡n_lp-am-\-ß-tfmsS Icp-tX-≠-
Xm-Wv.
III. ssl°e
Bcm-[\bn¬ kw_-‘n-°p-hm≥ th≠n P\-߃ \n¬°p∂
ÿeamWv ssl°-e. ChnsS P\-߃ \n¬°p-tºmƒ a≤y-`mKw
Ing°p]Sn-™m-dmbn Ign-hXpw Hgn-™n-S-Ww. ]≈n-b-IØv kv{Xo
]pcp-j-∑m¿ sNcn-t∏m, a‰v km[\-ß-tfm, `‡n°p \nc-°m-Ø-Xmb
thj-hn-[m-\-ßtfm D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xv DNn-X-a-√. ]≈n-b-IØv cm]m¿-
°p-I-tbm, Dd-ßp-I-tbm, `£-W-]m-\o-b-߃ Ign-°p-Itbm sNøp-
∂Xpw hnln-X-a-√. ]≈n-ap-‰Øv anX-amb kzc-Øn¬ kwkm-cn-°p-I-b-
√msX H®-∏mtSm Iq°qhnfn-tbm, iIm-c-h¿j-ßtfm D≠m-°p-∂Xv
A\p-{K-l-{]-Z-a√.
\mS-I-ime
hnizmk]Tn-Xm-°-fmb Bƒ°m¿°p th≠n-bp≈ ÿe-am-WnXv.
75 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
A\p-_‘w 4
tZhm-e-b-Øns‚ D]-hn-`m-K-߃
1. Na-b-∏pc (Zn-bm-t°m-\n-tbm≥. Vestry)
Cu apdn hn. aZv_-lm-bp-sS- hS°phi-ØmWv D≈Xv. hn. aZv_-
lm-bn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xpw XncnsI hbv°p-∂-Xp-amb hncn-°q-´w,
Imkm-°q-´w, Im∏-°q-´w, NntØm¬ apX-em-bh Na-b-∏p-c-bnse Ae-
am-c-bn¬ kq£n°p∂p. Im¿Ωn-I-\mb ]ptcm-ln-X\v Awi-h-kv{X-
߃ [cn-°p-∂-Xn\pw hn. Ip¿_m-\-bv°p≈ A∏w D≠m-°p-∂-Xn\pw
Cu apdn D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂p.
2. amtamZokm apdn
CXv tZhm-e-b-Øn\v (a-Zv_-lm-bp-sS) sX°p`mK-ØmWv D≈-Xv.
amtam-Zokm sXm´n hn. t{XmtWmkp t]mse _lp-am-\y-ambn kq£n-
°-Ww. AXnt∑¬ Nmcn\n¬°p-Itbm, a‰p km[-\-߃ s]dp°n
hbv°p-Itbm sNø-cp-Xv. amtam-Zo-km-bv°p≈ timi∏m, Inco-Sw,
t{XmtWm-kn¬ k{Imcn Cs√-¶n¬ aqtdm≥ s]´n, Igp-Ip-hm-\p≈
tkm∏v F∂n-h-sb√mw Cu apdn-bpsS `nØn-bn¬ Ae-am-c-bv°-I-Øp-
h-bv°mw. amtam-ZokmsXm´n-bpsS ht°mSv FØp∂ Hcp Ipcnipw
F√mw IqSn aqSp∂ Hcp AS∏pw thWw. AS∏p \√ hncn-bn´v aqSp-
Ibpw thWw. Cu hncn ]®-\n-d-Øn¬ Nph∂ Acn-tImsS thW-sa-
∂mWv ]mc-ºcyw. hncn-bpsS apI-fn-embn Hcp XSn-°p-cnipw h®n-cn°pw.
3. aWn-a-µncw
]≈n-tbmSv tN¿t∂m AIt∂m aWn- Xq-°p-hm≥ aWn-am-fnI Nne-
bn-Sß
- f- n¬ D≠m-bn-cn-°pw. henbaWn ASn-°p-tºmƒ Zqc-Øp-≈h - ¿°v
tIƒ°p-∂-Xn\pw ]≈n-b-I-Øp-≈-h¿°v i_vZw A[nIw A\p-`-h-
s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-°p-hm\pw th≠n kuI-cy-ap-≈h
- ¿ aWn-am-fnI ]Wn-bm-dp≠v.
CXv Hcp ]m›mXy ]mc-º-cy-amWv.
ae-¶c
- k
- `
- b
- nse tZhm-eb
- ß
- f
- n¬ {]tXyI B¥-cn-Im¿∞-an-√mØ
Hcp hkvXphpw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂n√. Ah-bpsS A¿∞hpw D]-tbmK
{Iahpw a\-kn-em-°p-∂Xv hn. Bcm-[-\-bn¬ IqSp-X¬ CgpIn tNcp-
hm≥ km[n-°pw.
76 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
A\p-_‘w 5
hn. cl-ky-߃ (hn. IqZm-i-Iƒ)
tbip-{In-kvXp-hns‚ a\p-jym-h-Xm-c- c-l-ky-Øn-emWp IqZmi-
IfpsS A¿∞w ÿnXnsNøp-∂-Xv. a\p-jy-t\m-Sp≈ ssZh-Øns‚
\n o-a-amb kvt\l-am-Wv, a\p-jym-h-Xm-c-Øn\p Xs∂ t{]cn-∏n®-Xv.
kzbambn ssZhsØ Adn-bp-∂X - n\pw kvt\ln-°p-∂X- n\pw a\p-jy\p
Ign-hn-√m-Xn-cp∂ Ah-ÿ-bn-emWp ssZhw {InkvXp-hn-eqsS Xs∂-
Øs∂ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xv. A-Xp-sIm≠p IqZm-i-Iƒ F∂p \mw hnfn-
°p∂ Znhy-cl-ky-ß-fpsS ASn-ÿm\w ssZh-Øns‚ Af-h‰ a\p-
jy-kvt\-lhpw X¬^-e-am-bp-≠mb {InkvXp-hns‚ a\p-jym-h-Xm-c-hp-
am-Wv. ...
kpdn-bm-\n-bn¬ IqZmi F∂ hm°n\v "hnip-≤o-I-cWw' F∂
A¿∞-amWv. F∂m¬ "k`-bpsS cl-ky-߃' F∂ {]tbm-K-amWv
]pcm-X\- a - v. Cu A¿∞-Øn-emWv {Ko°v `mj-bn¬ mysterion F∂
- m-bX
]Z-ap-]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xv. eØo≥ `mj-bnse sacramentum F∂ ]Z-
Øn¬ \n∂mWv bqtdm-]y≥ `mj-I-fn¬ sacrament F∂ hm°p≠m-
bXv.*
IqZm-iI - fpsS am¿K-Øn-eqsS, ]nXm-hn¬ \n∂v ]pd-s∏-Sp-Ibpw ]p{X-
\n¬ \n∂v FSp-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp∂ ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv ssZhnI Ir]-
Iƒ a\p-jy-h¿K-Øn\v ]I¿∂p sImSp-°p-∂p. lrZ-b-Øn¬ \n∂v
\mUn-Iƒ hgn-bmbn ico-c-Øns‚ Hmtcm Ah-b-h-ß-fn-te°pw c‡w
]mbn®v icocw apgp-h\pw kPo-h-am-°p-∂Xpt]mse Pohs‚ tI{µ-
amb {InkvXp-hn¬ \n∂v Xs‚ ico-c-am-Ip∂ hn. k`-bn¬ Poh-am¿K-
ß-fm-bn-cn-°p∂ \mUn-Iƒ BWv hn. IqZm-i-Iƒ.
ssZh-Ir] {]m]n-°p-hm-\p≈ ip≤o-I-cW I¿Ω-ß-fmWv hn. IqZm-
iIƒ. ip≤o-I-cWw F∂¿∞-ap≈ IqZmi F∂ kpdn-bm\n ]Z-amWv
ae-¶ck` C∂v D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xv. ]uckvXy Hm¿Ø-tUmIvkv ]mc-
º-cy-Øn¬ "k`-bpsS hn-ip≤ cl-ky-߃'°v IrXy-amb \n¿h-N\w
GXm\pw hmNI-ßf - n¬ \¬Ip∂ ]Xn-hn-√. "IqZmiIƒ' F∂ {]tbm-
Khpw "Ggp IqZm-iI - ƒ' F∂ k¶-ev]hpw ]uckvXy Hm¿Ø-tUmIvkv
k`-Iƒ°n-√. tdma≥ ItØm-en-°m, Bw•n-°≥ k`-I-fp-ambp≈
_‘-Øn-eqsS ae-¶-c-k-`bnseØn-b-XmWv IqZm-i-Iƒ F∂ {]tbm-
*^m. tUm. sI. Fw. tPm¿Pv, P\-X-I-fpsS {]Im-iw, Znhy-t_m-[-\w,
tIm´-bw, t]Pv 69˛70.
77 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
Khpw Ggp IqZm-i-Iƒ F∂ k¶-ev]-hpw. ""k`-bpsS hnip≤ cl-ky-
߃'' F∂ {]tbm-K-amWv ]uckvXy Hm¿Ø-tUmIvkv k`-Iƒ kzoI-
cn-®n-cn-°p-∂X
- v. A\m-Zn-Imew apX¬ ad™p InS-∂n-cp∂ ssZh-Øns‚
c£m-Ic ]≤-Xn-bpsS ]q¿ÆX, ssZh-Øns‚ GI-Pm-X-\mb tbip-
{In-kvXp-hn¬ shfn-s∏´p. I¿Ømhns‚ cl-kym-fl-I-amb ssZhnI
c£m-Ic ]≤-Xn-bn¬ \mw C∂v ]¶m-fn-I-fm-Ip-∂-Xv hn. IqZm-i-I-fn¬
IqSn-bm-Wv. \mw ]¶m-fn-I-fm-IpI am{X-a√ temIsØ apgp-h-\mbpw
AXn-te°m\-bn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. AXn-\m¬ {InkvXp-hn¬ ]q¿Øo-
I-cn-°-s∏´ ssZhnI cl-ky-ß-fpsS shfn-]mSv C∂v temI-Øn¬ hn.
IqZm-i-Ifn-eqsS \¬Ip-∂-Xn-\m¬ hn. IqZm-i-Isf cl-ky-߃ F∂p
hnfn-°p-∂p.
hn. I\yIadn-bm-an¬ \n∂p≈ ssZh-]p-{X-\mb tbip-{In-kvXp-
hns‚ a¿Øo-I-cWw a\p-jy-_p-≤n°v a\-kn-em-°p-hm≥ Ign-bmØ
AZznXob cl-ky-am-Wv. B a¿Øo-I-cW cl-ky-Øn-emWv IqZm-i-
I-fpsS A¿∞w ÿnXn-sN-øp-∂-Xv. ssZh-]p-{X≥ a\p-jy-]p-{X-\m-bXv
a\p-jy-]p-{X-∑msc ssZh-]p-{X-∑m-cm-°p-∂-Xn-\m-bn-cp-∂p. Bb-Xn-\m¬
hn. cl-ky-ß-fpsS ASn-ÿm\w F∂Xv ssZh-Øns‚ \n o-a-amb
kvt\lhpw XXv^-e-am-bp-≠mb ssZh-]p-{Xs‚ a¿Øo-I-c-W-hp-amWv.
AZr-iy\pw A{]m-]y-\p-amb ssZhw, a\p-jy-Zr-jvSn°v tKmN-chpw
{]m]y-hp-ambhn[w a\p-jy-\mbn Xo¿∂Xpw a\p-jy-i-co-c-Øn¬ hkn-
®-Xp-amWv IqZm-im-{]-am-WsØ km£m-XvIr-Xhpw A¿∞]q¿Æ-hp-
am-°n-bXv. a\p-jy-]p-{X-∑msc ssZh-]p-{X-∑m-cm-°p-hm≥, a\p-jy-s\bpw
ssZhsØbpw A\p-c-RvPn-∏n-°p-hm≥, krjvSnsb apgp-h≥ X∂n-eqsS
GIo-`-hn-∏n-°p-hm≥ th≠n a\p-jym-h-Xmcw sNbvX {InkvXp-hmWv
]c-aamb IqZmi. \ap°v kv]¿in-°p-Ibpw Z¿in-°p-Ibpw sNøp-hm≥
Ign-bp∂ hn. IqZm-iI - f- n-eqsS ssZh-kz-`mhw shfn-s∏-Sp-Ibpw ssZhnI
Ir] {]Zm\w sNøp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. AXp- ap-Jm-¥ncw \mw ssZho-I-
cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p.
IqZm-i-I-fpsS FÆw
{]apJ Hm¿Ø-tUmIvkv thZ-imkv{X-⁄-\mb ^m. tUm. sI.
Fw. tPm¿Pns‚ A`n{]mbØn¬, Hm¿Ø-tUmIvkv k`-Iƒ IqZmi-
IfpsS FÆw Ggmbn ]cnanXs∏SpØnbn´n√. At±lØns‚ A`n-
{]mb{]Imcw Hcp \√ hm°v ]dbp∂Xv t]mepw IuZminI-ambn
A¿∞-ap-≈-Xm-Wv.
hn. IqZm-i-Iƒ cs≠-t∂m, aqs∂-t∂m, Gsgt∂m \nP-s∏-Sp-Øp-
hm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-√. s]mXp-hm-bn-∏-d-™m¬ IqZm-i-I-fpsS hkvXp-hm-
78 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
bn-Øo-cp-hm≥ F√m hkvXp-hn\pw Ignbpw. ImcWw F√mw ssZho-I-
amWv. {]]-©-Øn-ep≈ GXpw Hcp coXn-bn¬ ssZho-I-X-bpsS {]Xn-
cq-]-am-Wv. AXn-eqsS \ap°v ssZh-a-lXzw ImWp-hm≥ km[n-°p-∂p.
\ΩpsS IqZm-i-Iƒ F√m-‰n-ep-ap-]cn a\p-jy-h¿§-tØm-Sp≈ ssZh-
Øns‚ kvt\lhpw Icp-X-ep-amWv Im´n-Ø-cp-∂-Xv. {InkvXp-hmWv
temI-Øn¬ ssZh-km-∂n-≤y-Øns‚ auenI IqZm-i. {]]©w BI-
am\w Hcp IqZm-ib - mWv. \ΩpsS Pohn-XØ
- nse kw`-hß
- fneq-sS-bmWv
ssZhw {]h¿Øn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Pohn-X-Ønse Hmtcm A\p-`-
h-߃°pw IqZm-i-I-fmbn ]cnW-an-°p-hm≥ Ignbpw. X∑qew IqZm-i-
I-fpsS FÆw ¢n]vX-s∏-SpØp-hm≥ km[n-°p-I-bn√.
AtXkabw {]tXyI {]m[m-\y-ap≈ {]tXyI IqZm-i-Iƒ k`-
bpsS Bcm-[\mPohn-X-Øn-ep-≠v. Ah GsgÆw F∂v s]mXpth
]cnKWn°s∏Sp∂p. Ah-bn¬ G‰hpw {][m-\-s∏´ c≠v IqZm-i-I-
fmWv hn. amtam-Zo-kmbpw hn. Ip¿∫m-\-bpw. CXv I¿Ømhv t\cn´v
ÿm]n-®n-´p≈hbpamWv. Ch G‰hpw henb IqZm-i-I-fp-am-Wv. a‰p-
≈h hn. aqtdm≥, hn. Ipº-km-cw, hn. hnhm-lw, hn. ]´-Xzw, tcmKn-I-
fpsS hn. ssXem-`n-tj-Iw.
Ggv F∂ A°-Øns‚ {]m[m\yw
Ggv F∂ A°w hnip≤ thZ-]p-kvX-I-Øn¬ ]e-bn-SØpw ImWp-
hm≥ km[n-°p∂p (D-ev]. 4:24, kwJy 23:1, 2 Zn\. 29:1, shfn-]mSv etc).
Hcp cl-kym-flI kz`mhw AXn-\p-≠v. ]cn-]q¿Æ-X-bpsS AS-bm-f-
ambn Cu kwJysb hymJym-\n-°p-∂p. IqZm-i-Iƒ Ggv F∂v ]mc-º-
cy-ambn Icp-Xn-t∏m-cp-∂-Xn-\p≈ {]tNm-Z\w hn. thZ-]p-kvX-I-Øn¬
\n∂v kzoI-cn-®n-´p-≈-Xm-Wv. AXp-t]mse aq∂v F∂ kwJy kakvX
krjvSn-bp-sSbpw {]Xo-I-ambn I≠n-cp-∂p. aq∂pw \mepw IqSnb Ggv
{kjvSm-hn-s\bpw krjvSn-tbbpw XΩn¬ kwtbm-Pn-∏n-°p∂ hn. IqZm-
i-I-fpsS FÆ-ambn hymJym-\n-®p.
hn. IqZm-i-Isf aq∂mbn hn`m-Kn°mw. 1) Hgn-®p-Iq-Sm-\m-hm-Øh
AYhm s]mXp-c-£bv°v AXym-h-iy-am-b-h. hn. amtam-Zo-km, hn.
aqtdm≥, hn. Ip¿∫m\ F∂n-h-bm-W-h. 2) sF—nIw AYhm Bh-iy-
ap-≈-h¿°v am{Xw kzoI-cn-°m-hp-∂-h: hn. ]´-Xzw, hn. hnhm-lw. 3)
th≠n-h-t∂-°m-hp-∂-h ˛ AXm-bXv s]mXpsh c£bv°v Bh-iy-an-
s√-¶nepw {]tXyI kml-N-cy-ß-fn¬ Bh-iy-ambn hcp-∂-h: hn. Ipº-
km-cw, hn. ssXem-`n-tj-Iw.
c£bv°v AXym-h-iy-am-bhbpw Hcn-°epw am‰nh®p-Iq-Sm-Ø-h-bp-
amb IqZm-i-Iƒ BWv H∂m-asØ hn`m-K-Øn¬s∏´ aq∂v IqZm-i-
79 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
Iƒ. Ch aq∂pw ssIs°m-≈m-Xn-cn-°m≥ B¿°pw ]mSp-≈-X-√. Hcp
hy‡nsb amtam-Zokm ap°p-tºmƒ Cu aq∂p IqZm-i-I-fnepw Ahs\
kw_-‘n-∏n°p∂p. Aßs\ Ahs\ c£bv°v ]cn-]q¿Æ Ah-Im-
in-bm-°n-Øo¿°p-∂p.
a\- p-≈-h¿t°m hnfn-°-s∏-´-h¿t°m am{Xw _m[-I-am-Ip-∂Xpw
a‰p-≈-hsc _m[n-°m-Ø-Xp-amb IqZm-i-Iƒ BIp∂p sF—nIw F∂
c≠mw hn`m-K-Øn¬ sImSp-Øn-cn-°p∂ ANm-cy-Xzhpw hnhm-l-hpw.
hnhmlw a\-kp-≈-h¿°pw BNm-cyXzw Al-tdm-s\-t∏mse ssZh-
Øm¬ hnfn-°-s∏-´-h¿°pw (F{_m. 5:4) am{Xw th≠-Xm-Ip-∂p. Cu
IqZm-i-Isf k`mw-K-ß-fn¬ Nne¿ ssIs°m-≠n-s√-¶nepw Ah¿
c£bv°v A\¿ltcm Ipd-hp-≈-htcm Bbn-Øo-cp-∂n-√. AXp-sIm-
≠mWv Ch s]mXpsh c£bv°v Bh-iy-an-√m-Øh F∂p ]d-™-Xv.
F∂m¬ Ch c≠pw k`-bn¬ F∂pw \ne-\n¬t°-≠Xpw C√m-Xm-bn-
t∏m-hm≥ ]mSn-√m-Ø-Xp-am-Ip-∂p. Xs‚ ""Bizm-k-Øn\pw \ymb-amb
Imcy-Øn¬ h¿§-Øns‚ hf¿®bv°pw'' hnhmlw \ne-\n¬t°-≠Xv
AXym-h-iy-am-Ip∂p. AXp-t]mse IqZm-i-Isf k`-bn¬ hym]-cn-∏n-
°p-hm\pw a‰p-ambn BNm-cyXzw F∂ IqZm-ibpw k`-bn¬ AXymhiy-
ambn \ne-\n-∂p-t]m-tc-≠-Xm-Ip-∂p. AXn\v hnLv\w h∂m¬ k`
Xs∂ C√m-Xmhpw.
th≠n-h-t∂-°m-hp-∂-h-bmbn aq∂mw hn`m-K-Øn¬s∏´ Ipº-km-
chpw ssXem-`n-tj-Ihpw k`mw-K-ß-fn¬ Nne¿°v Bhiy-ambn hcmw.
th≠n-h-∂n-s√-¶n¬ Ah Ah¿°v Bh-iy-ß-f√. Fs¥-∂m¬
s]mXpsh c£-bv°m-h-iy-amb aq∂p- Iq-Zm-i-Ifpw ssIs°m-≠-tijw
bmsXmcp ]m]hpw sNøm-Ø-h\v Ipº-kmcw Bh-iy-ambn hcp-∂n√.
a\p-jy¿ ]m]-Øn¬ \n∂v Hgn-™n-cn-°p-∂n-√m-Ø-Xn-\mepw amtam-
Zokm ssIs°m-≠-tijw ]e I¿Ω-]m-]-ß-fnepw Dƒs∏-Sp-∂-Xn-
\mepw Ipº-kmcw F√m-h¿°pw Bh-iy-ambn hcp-∂p.
tcmKn-I-fpsS ssXem-`n-tjIw tcmK-ap-≠m-bm¬ am{Xw th≠-Xm-
Ip-∂p. c£bv°v AXym-h-iy-amb IqZm-i-Isf ssIs°m≠ Hcmƒ
tcmKn-I-fpsS ssXem-`n-tj-I-Øns‚ A`m-h-Øm¬ c£bv°v Ipd-hp-
≈-h-\m-bn-Øo-cpIbn-√. ]Sn-™m-d≥ k`-I-fn¬ Cu IqZmi acW
ka-bØp am{Xw \S-Øp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v CXv acn-°p∂h¿°p th≠n-
bp≈ IqZm-i, A¥y-Iq-Zm-i, HSp-°sØ H{]pipam F∂o t]cp-I-
fn¬ Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. F∂m¬ ]uc-kvXy-k-`-I-fn¬ tcmKnI-fpsS
ssXem`n-tjIw tcmKw kpJ-s∏-Sp-hm-\p≈ IqZm-i-bm-I-bm¬ tcmKn-
bm-bn-cn-°p∂ GXp hnizm-kn°p th≠nbpw \S-Øm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.
80 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
IqZm-i-Isf thsdmcp Xc-Øn¬ hn`m-Kn-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.
1. Bh¿Øn-°-s∏-Sp-hm≥ ]mSn-√mØ IqZm-i-Iƒ.
2. Bh¿Øn°-s∏-Sm-hp∂ IqZm-i-Iƒ.
amtam-Zo-km, aqtdm≥, BNm-cyXzw F∂n-h-bmWv Bh¿Øn-°-s∏-
Sp-hm≥ ]mSn-√mØ IqZm-i-Iƒ. a‰v IqZm-i-Iƒ Bh¿Øn-°-s∏Smw.
F∂m¬ kwtbmKw ]mSn-√m-Ø-Xpw, amdm-tcm-K-Øm¬ hnhmlw \nb-
am-\p-kr-Xa- mbn th¿s]-Sp-Øp-∂X
- n-\m-tem, ]¶m-fn-bpsS ac-WØ - mtem
A√msX hnhmlw Bh¿Øn-°m-hp-∂-X-√. amtam-Zo-km, aqtdm≥
]´Xzw F∂nh Hcn-°epw Bh¿Øn-°-s∏-Sp-∂n-√. ImcWw, Ah
ssIs°m-≈p-∂-h-cpsS ta¬ Hcn-°epw am‰s∏SmØ-hn[w ssZh-kz-
`mhw ap{Z-bn-Sp-∂-Xn-\m¬ Ah Bh¿Øn°p-∂Xv A\m-h-iyhpw
in£m¿l-hp-am-Wv.
IqZm-i-Iƒ°v Bh-iy-amb Imcy-߃, ]cn-I¿Ωn, kzoI¿Ømhv,
]Zm¿∞w, {]m¿∞-\m-{Iaw F∂nhbmWv. Ch Hmtcm IqZm-i-I-fnepw
hyXy-kvX-ß-fm-bn-cn-°pw. Hmtcm IqZm-ibv°pw AX-Xns‚ hkvXphpw,
{]m¿∞\m{Ia-ßfpw Dt±in°p∂ ^e-ßfpw hyXy-kvX-ß-f-t{X.
F√m-‰nepw hym]-cn-°p∂ Bflmhv H∂mbn-cp-∂mepw Hmtcm-∂nepw
hyXykvX hc-ß-ft{X. IqZm-i-I-fn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ ]Zm¿∞w
BfloI^-esØ kqNn-∏n-°pI am{X-a√ Nne IqZm-i-I-fn¬ ]Zm¿∞-
sØ hnip-≤o-Ic - n®v Bflob ]Zm¿∞-ßfm°n Xo¿°p-∂p. Ah-bpsS
D]-tbm-KØm¬ Dt±-in-°p∂ A{]Xy£ \∑-Iƒ e`y-am-Ip-Ibpw
sNøp-∂p. DZm-l-c-W-ambn hn. Ip¿∫m-\-bn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ ]Zm¿-
∞w A∏hpw ho™p-sa-¶n¬ Ah Bflob ]Zm¿∞-ß-fm-bn-Øo-cp-
∂Xv I¿Øm-hns‚ hnip≤ icocc‡-ß-fm-bn-´m-Ip-∂p. ]. aqtdm-\n¬
]pdsa D≈ ]Zm¿∞w ssXe-°q-´m-sW-¶n¬ AI-ta-bp≈ Bflo-b-
kØ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-`n-tj-I-am-Ip-∂p.
{InkvXp-hn¬ \ΩpsS Pohn-XsØ hn. {XnXz-tØmSv kwtbm-Pn-∏n-
°p-hm≥ IqZm-i-I-fn-eqsS Ign-bp-∂p. {InkvXp-hn-ep≈ \ΩpsS hnizm-
ksØ D±o-]n-∏n-°p-Ibpw ÿnc-s∏-SpØn i‡o-I-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-
∂p. IqZm-i-I-fpsS {][m-t\m-t±iyw {InkvXp-hns‚ Poh-\n¬ hnizm-
kn-Iƒ ]¶p-tN-cpI F∂-Xm-Wv. IqZm-i-I-fn-eqsS ssZhw \sΩ ac-
W-Øn¬ \n∂pw ]m]-Øn¬ \n∂pw kzX-{¥-am-°p-∂p. \nXy-Po-hs‚
alXzw \ΩpsS ta¬ h¿jn-°p-∂p. IqZm-i-bn¬ ssZh-cmPyw \ap°v
{]m]y-am-bn-Xo-cp∂p. AXn-eqsS ssZhnI Poh-\n¬ ]¶pIm-cm-hp-I,
{InkvXp-hn¬ Bbn-cn-°p-I F∂o A\p-`hw km£m-XvIc - n-°s
- ∏-Sp∂p.
81 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
IqZm-i-bn¬ IqSn {InkvXp-hns\ kao-]n-°p-∂-Xn\v hnizmkw A\n-
hm-cy-am-Wv. At\-I-am-fp-Iƒ I¿Øm-hns‚ hkv{Xw sXm´p F¶nepw
X\n°p kuJyw In´p-sa∂ hnizm-k-tØmsS hkv{X-Øn¬ sXm´
c‡-{km-h-°mcn kv{Xo°v am{Xta kuJyw e`n-®p-≈p. hnizm-k-
tØmSp IqSn IqZm-i-I-fn¬ ]¶p-sIm≠p F¶n¬ am{Xta ssZhoI
Poh-\n¬ ]¶p-sIm-≈p-hm≥ \ap°v km[n-°p-I-bp-≈q. hnizm-k-tØm-
sSm∏w ssZh-ln-X-tØm-Sp≈ ka¿∏-Whpw AXy-¥m-t]-£n-X-am-Wv.
hn. IqZm-i-I-fn-eqsS \mw kzoI-cn-°p∂ G‰hpw henb ^ew \n¿hym-
P-amb kvt\l-am-Wv. Cu \nkzm¿∞ kvt\l-Øn-eqsS am{Xta ssZh-
hp-ambn sFIy-s∏-Sp-hm\pw km[n-°q. kvt\l {]hr-Øn-bn-eqsS
\ap°v krjvSn-bpsS Dt±-iy-amb c£bpw ssZho-I-c-Whpw t\Sp-hm≥
Ign-bpw.
a\p-jy\pw k¿∆ krjvSn-°pap≈ ssZh-Øns‚ G‰hpw henb
Zm\-amWv hn. IqZm-i-Iƒ. hy‡n-bn-ep≈ ssZhnI {]Xn-—mb bmYm¿-
∞yhpw kPo-h-am-°p-∂Xv IuZm-ioI cl-ky-ß-fn-eq-sS-bmWv. hn.
IqZm-i-I-fn-eqsS \ΩpsS Pohn-XØn¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ \nb-{¥-
W-Ømepw XpS¿®-bmb km∂n-≤y-Ømepw ssZh-tØmSp IqSn \ΩpsS
{]h¿Ø-\w, B{Klw, Nn¥ F∂nhsb sFIy-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ Ign-
bp-∂p. hn. Ip¿∫m-\-bn¬ {]tXy-In®v AXn-ep≈ \ΩpsS ]¶m-fn-Ø-
Øn-eqsS ssZh-km-∂n≤yw G‰hpw bmYm¿∞y-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. IqZm-
i-I-fn¬ ]¶p-sIm-≈p-∂-h¿ ho≠pw P\n-°p-Ibpw BflnI-ambn ]p\x-
kr-jvSn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw {]tXy-Ihpw AZzn-Xo-b-hp-amb coXn-bn¬ c£-
I-\p-ambn sFIy-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp∂p. ]. ]utemkv …olm Hm¿Ωn-
∏n°p-∂Xpt]mse ""Ah\net√m \mw Pohn-°p-I-bpw, Ncn-°p-I-bpw,
Ccn°pIbpw sNøp-∂Xv'' (At∏m. {]hr-Øn. 17:28).
1) hn. amtam-Zokm 2) hn. aqtdm≥, 3) hn. Ip¿∫m\ 4)- hn. hnhmlw
5) hn. ]´Xzw 6) hn. Ipº-kmcw 7) tcmKn-I-fpsS hn. ssXem-`n-tj-
Ihpw Cßs\ 7 IqZm-i-I-fn¬ 5 FÆw s]mXpth kI-e-a-\p-jy¿°pw
kzoI-cn-°m-hp-∂-hbpw ]´-Xzw, hnhmlw F∂nh Ahbv°p a\-kp-
≈-h¿°p am{Xw kzoI-cn-°m-hp-∂-h-bm-Ip-∂p. kIe IqZm-i-I-sfbpw
AXm-Xn-\p-th-≠nb tbmKyXItfm-Sp- IqSn ssIs°m-t≈-≠-Xm-Ip∂p.
A{]-Imcw ssIs°m-≈p∂h¿°v Ir] e`n°pIbpw Xßfnep≈
Ir] h¿≤n°pIbpw sNøp∂p.
82 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
_nªn-tbm-{K^n
1. ae¶c a¬]m≥ tIm\m´v G{_lmw IØ\m¿, hn. Ip¿_m\ XIvk,
Fw. H. kn., tIm´bw, 1996.
2. ^m. sI. sI. amXyqkv, hn. Ip¿_m\: [ym\]T\w, Hm¿Ø-tUmIvkv
skan\mcn, tIm´bw, 1971.
3. ^m. Pn. tPm¨, kz¿§ob a∂, sk‚ v t]mƒkv _p°v Unt∏m,
amthen°c, 1989.
4. ^m. tUm. sI. Fw. tPm¿Pv, P\XIfpsS {]Imiw, Znhyt_m[\w
{KŸmhen, Hm¿Ø-tUmIvkv skan\mcn, tIm´bw.
5. Pn. tNSnbØv, Pn. A∏t»cn, Ub\ojykv _¿ …o_n ˛ Bcm-
[\m{IaØns‚ hymJym\w, Hmdnb‚¬ C≥ÃnSyq´v Hm^v dneoPnbkv
ÃUokv, tIm´bw, 1990.
6. kn. sI. hdpKokv, Poh\p≈ _en, Xpcptج {]kv & _p°v
Unt∏m, ]¥fw, 2003.
7. amXyqkv am¿ AØm\mtkymkv, k`bpw IqZmiIfpw, Fw. Un.
skan\mcn, tIm´bw, 1960.
8. bqlmt\m≥ am¿ tkthdntbmkv, CXp \n߃°v GXpan√tbm,
Fw. Pn. H. kn. Fkv. Fw. ]ªnt°j≥kv, tIm´-bw, 1977.
9. HutK≥ am¿ XotamØntbmkv, ]cabmKw, tIm´bw.
10. tUm. KohdpKokv am¿ HkvXmØntbmkv, ae¶c Hm¿ØtUmIvkv
k`: Hcp ]T\w, Fw. H. kn., tIm´bw, 1999.
11. tUm. ]utemkv am¿ {KntKmdntbmkv, kzmX{¥y Zo]vXn, kn. Fkv.
Fkv., Xncph√, 1997.
12. ^m. tUm. _n. hdpKokv, bmt°m_ns‚ A\mt^mdm, sk‚ v
Ft{^w FIypsa\n°¬ dntk¿®v C≥Ãn‰yq´v, tIm´bw, 2001.
13. ^m. tUm. _n. hdpKokv, A∫m ]nXmth, Znhyt_m[\w {KŸm-
hen, tIm´bw, 1985.
14. h´t»cn¬ Koh¿Kokv aev]m≥, atXm]tZikmc߃, _Y\n{]kv,
Xncph√.
83 Pohs‚ A∏hpw c£-bpsS Imkbpw
15. s\Sp¥≈n¬ KohdpKokv IØ\m¿, a\pjyc£ hn. k`bneqsS,
F≥. Pn. ]ueqkv s\Sp¥≈n¬, tImXawKew, 1987.
16. dh. kndnƒ dºm≥, aWn\mZw apX¬ Imlf\mZw hsc, _n. F.
]ªnt°j≥kv, Ip≠d skan\mcn, 1999.
17. tUm. amXyqkv am¿ tkthdntbmkv, ]uckvXy thZimkv{X
Z¿i\߃, Fw. H. kn., tIm´bw, 2000.
18. _nj∏v F®v. s]°≥lmw hm¬jv, hn. Ip¿_m\ Hcp [ym\m-
flI ]T\w, kn. Fkv. Fkv., Xncph√, 2005.
19. ^m. sI. Pn. tXmakv sIm‰mØphnf, hn. Ip¿_m\: Ncn{XØneqsS
Hcp ]T\w, sk‚ v tXmakv Hm¿ØtUmIvkv anj≥ sk‚¿, lcn∏mSv,
1989.
20. ^m. tUm. tPm¨ ]Wn°¿, k`m]mcºcy inev]nIƒ, Znhy-
t_m[\w {KŸmhen, tIm´bw, 2001.
21. ^m tUm. amXyp sshZy≥, hnizmk]T\߃: thZhn⁄m\
a⁄cn, lKntbmkv ]ªnt°j≥kv, amthen°c, 1999.
22. ^m. tUm. sI. sP. K{_ntb¬, KpcpapJØp \n∂pw c≠mw `mKw,
tkm^nb _pIvkv, tIm´bw, 2004.
23. kzman kn≤n\mYm\µPn, ^ntem°menb, Ipcnipae B{iaw,
hmKa¨, 1983.
24. tUm. ]utemkv am¿ {KntKmdntbmkv (No^v FUn‰¿), ae¶c-
k`m hn⁄m\tImiw, Hm¿ØtUmIvkv XntbmfPn°¬ skan\mcn,
1993.