KN³kmμaFikaredIm,Ikare)aHeqñatedayesrI nigyutþiFm’enAkm<úCa

Committee for Free and Fair Elections in Cambodia

eKalneya)ayeynDr½ nigkarpþl;
GMNacneya)aydl;®sþIenAkm<úCa
Gender Policy and Women
Political Empowerment
in Cambodia

ExmIna qñaM2011
 matika
TMB½r

1- bribTsþIBIkarpþl;GMNacneya)ayeynDr½enAkm<úCa>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>1
2- esckþIepþIm nigGnusasn_>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>4
KNbkSneya)ay
RksYgkic©karnarI¼naykdæanrdæ)almUldæanénRksYgmhaépÞ¼sgÁmsuIvil
3- r)aykarN_segçbsikçasala sþIBI {karpþl;GMNacneya)aydl;RsþI nigeKal-
neya)ayeynDr½sRmab;KNbkSneya)ay nigRkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat;}>>>>>>>>>>>>>>8
]bsm<n§½TI1>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>17
KMrUénEpnkarskmμPaBsRmab;smPaBeynDr½enAkñúgKNbkSBlkrnr½evsSn_
]bsm<n§½TI2>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>22
skmμPaB niglT§plénkmμviFIRsþIGaceFVI)an
]bsm<n§½TI3>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>24
vtþmanGñkcUlrYmsikçasala sþIBI { karpþl;GMNacneya)aydl;RsþI nig
eKalneya)ayeynDr½sRmab;KNbkSneya)ay nigRkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat; }
]bsm<n§½TI4>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>25
karcuH nigcak;pSayrbs;RbBn§½pSBVpSay
1- bribTsþIBIkarpþl;GMNacneya)ayeynDr½enAkm<úCa
ú

enAbribTkm<úCakarpþl;GMNacneya)ayeynDr½ KWniyaydl;karBRgwg karelIksÞÜy nigkarkarBar

karcUlrYmrbs;RsþIenAkñúgkarseRmccitþxagneya)ay rYmTaMgkarpþl;lT§PaB nig»kasdl;RsþIedIm,ITTYl
)an {GMNacneya)ay} edayRtUvxitxMeFIV[mansmPaBrvagburs nigRsþIkñúgGMNacneya)ay nigkar
seRmccitþ.
eRkABIGtulüPaBénsiTi§esrIPaB nigGMNacrdæ km<úCamanbBaðaGtulüPaBénkarGnvutþsiT§irvag
burs nigRsþI. Gñkneya)aykm<úCaPaKeRcInKWburs ÉRsþIvijman»kastictYckñúgkarcUlrYmkñúgqak
neya)ay. EpñkxøHénbBaðaenH ekIteLIgedaysarTMenomTmøab;GPirkSniym nigvb,Fm’EdlRtUv)aneK
snμt; nigpþl;témøRsþITabCagbursenARKb;vis½yenAkñúgsgÁm. CagenHeTAeTot PaBRkIRk GviC¢a karerIs
eGIg xVHkarelIkTwkcitþ nig»kas nigGvtþmannUveKalneya)ayCak;lak;kñúgkarelIkkm<s; nigpþl;»kas
dl;RsþI KWCabc©½yEdlkøayCa]bsKÁsRmab;RsþIkñúgkarTTYl)annUvsmPaB nigplcMeNjBIkarcUlrYmkñúg
vis½yneya)ay nigkic©karsgÁm.
xageRkamenH KWCakarviPaKGMBIsßanPaB niglT§PaBkñúgkarpþl;GMNacneya)ayeynDr½kñúgn½yeFVI
[mansmPaBrvagburs nigRsþIcUlrYmkñúgneya)ay edayELkkare)aHeqñat.
km<úCaminTan;mansmPaBeynDr½énkarpþl;GMNacxagneya)ay BiessPaBCatMNagGñke)aHeqñat
Cab;eqñat fVIebIGñkcuHeQμaHe)aHeqñatCaRsþIman53%k¾eday KWRsþICab;eqñatCatMNagraRsþmancMnYnEt22%
sRmab;GaNtþiTI4 nigRsþICaRkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat;mancMnYn16/08%sRmab;GaNtþiTI2. eyagtam
r)aykarN_ UNDP’s Human Development Index qñaM2009 km<úCamankRmitTabénsmFm’eynDr½enAkñúg
RbeTsGasuI PaKeRcIn snÞsSn_GPivDÆn_eynDr½0/588 nigkRmitsnÞsSn_karpþl;GMNaceynDr½man0/427
EdlkRmit enAelx91 EdleFobelxGn;bMput109. eTaHbI)anTTYllT§plrIkceRmInxøHenAkñúg
eKalneya)ayelIksÞÜysmPaBeynDr½ karbRBa¢abeynDr½KWenAEtRbQmeRcIn ehIykMENTRmg; nigkar
Gnuvtþn_eKalneya)ayenAmanPaBTn;exSayenAeLIy. raCrdæaPi)alkm<úCa )anxitxM[manPaBeCOnelOn
mYyeTotEdlBImunBMuFøab;man KWkarEtgtaMgGPi)alrgraCFanI extþCaRsþIcMnYn24rUbRKb;raCFanI extþ nig
GPi)alrgRsuk¼xN½Ð cMnYn 169rUbkñúgcMeNam185Rsuk¼xNн nigmankare)aHeqñatGsklsRmab;
rdæ)alfñak;eRkamCatiEdlmanRsþICaRkumRbwkSaraCFanI extþ Rkug Rsuk xNÐsrubcMnYn 388nak;¬12%¦
nigRsþICaemPUmicMnYn 453nak; ¬3/71°¦ b:uEnþenAmankgVHxatkarebþCJacitþBItMNagGñke)aHeqñatenAfñak;
Cati nigraCrdæaPi)alkñúgkarbegáIt[manRkbxNнc,ab; RKb;RKan;edIm,IelIksÞÜykarcUlrYmrbs;RsþIkñúgvis½y
neya)ay. tYelxTaMgenHbgðajfa km<úCaenAmankarRbQmkñúgkarGnuvtþn_rbs;raCrdæaPi)aledIm,I[
eKalneya)ayeynD½r nigkarpþl;GMNacneya)aydl;®sþIenAkm<úCa TMB½r 1
seRmctameKaledAGPivDÆn_shsSvtSr_km<úCa(CMDG)Edlkm<úCa)ankMNt;fa enAqñaM2015m®nþICab;
eqñatCaRsþIenAfñak;Cati y:agtic 30% nigfñak;XMu sgáat; 25%.
mankarRsavRCavdac;edayELkTak;TinPaBskmμrbs;RsþIkñúgkic©karneya)ay¬karRsavRCavsþIBIka
rcUlrYm nigGPi)alkic©RbCaFibetyü xumERhVl Exvicäika qñaM2009¦ )anrkeXIjfa RsþIcUlrYmeday
sμR½KcitþkñúgskmμPaBneya)ayticCagburs ¬burs25%¦ manEt14% kñúgcMMeNamRsþI. bEnßmbBaða
RsþIk¾CYb]bsKÁeRcInkñúgkare)aHeqñat. manGñke)aHeqñatRsþIRbEhl 220 000nak;)anecjeTAe)aHeqñat
b:uEnþ)anCYb]bsKÁEdlbNþal[BYkKat;BMuGace)aHeqñat)anenAéf¶e)aHeqñatqñaM2008 ¬eyagtamr)ay-
karN_xumERhVlsþIBI lT§plGegátbBa¢Ie)aHeqñatqñaM2009¦. kñúgenaH RsþICaCnBikarCYb]bsKÁxøaMgCageK.
tamlT§plkarGegátRsavRCavrbs;GgÁkarCnBikarkm<úCa xumERhVl nigGgÁkarCnBikarGnþrCati )araMg
¬1¦
(HIF) sþIBI {karcUlrYmrbs;RsþIBikarenAkñúgEpñkneya)ayenAkm<úCa } enAqñaM2010 bgðajfakar
cUlrYmrbs;RsþIBikarTaMgkñúgdMeNIrkarcuHeQμaHe)aHeqñat nigdMeNIrkare)aHeqñatenAmankRmitTab. ebIeRbob
eFobrvagRsþIBikar nigRsþIKμanBikarPaBkñúgkarcuHeQμaHe)aHeqñatqñaM2009 enAkñúgextþ RkugcMnYn3 KWextþ
kMBg;s<W kMBg;cam nigRkugPñMeBj bgðaj[eXIjfa RsþIBikarcMnYnEt 51/3%)aneTAcuHeQμaHe)aHeqñat
xN³EdlRsþIKμanBikarPaBmancMnYndl;eTA 76/7% . RsþIBikar)ancUlrYmkñúgkare)aHeqñateRCIstaMg
tMNagraRsþqñaM2008mancMnYnEt58/8% ebIeFobnwgRsþIKμanBikarPaBmancMnYn 94/4%. mancMNucsMxan;
cMbg3EdlCnBikarTaMgBIrePTRbQmmux³ ¬1¦ xVHB½t’man ¬2¦ Kμankarpþl;»kas nig ¬3¦
RtUv)aneKpat;ecjBIsgÁm ¬erIseGIg¦.
karelIksÞÜy nigkarpþl;GMNacneya)aydl;RsþIenH k¾RtUv)anBinitüpgEdrenAkñúgKNbkS
neya)ay BiessKNbkSneya)ayCab;eqñat. karsikSarbs;xumERhVlenAcugqñaM2010rkeXIjfa
KNbkSsMxan;²EdlmanGasn³enAkñúgsPa nigRkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat; cg;[maneKalneya)ayeynDr½
sRmab;KNbkSneya)ayEdlmanbMNgCMruj[RsþI nigburs)ancUlrYmkñúgkic©karneya)ayesμIKña.
KNbkSxøH)anelIkeLIgfa karpþl;GMNacneya)ayxageynDr½ ¬CaBiessRsþI¦manEcgenAkñúgbTbBa¢a
épÞkñúgrbs;KNbkSxøÜn b¤enAkñúgkmμviFIneya)ay. edayELk KNbkSkan;GMNac¬KNbkSRbCaCn
km<úCa¦)ankarBarfa GVICaeKalneya)ay nigyuT§saRsþrbs;raCrdæaPi)alsþIBIkarelIksÞÜyeynDr½ b¤ RsþI
k¾CaeKalneya)ay nigyuT§saRsþrbs;KNbkSxøÜnEdr. eTaHCay:agNak¾eday KNbkSTaMgenHBMuTan;

¬1¦r)aykarN_RsavRCav sþIBI {karcUlrYmrbs;RsþIBikarenAkñúgvis½yneya)ayenAkm<úCa} pSBVpSayenAéf¶TI08 ExFñÚ qñaM2010

¬CDPO, COMFREL, HIF) enAextþkMBg;s<W kMBg;;cam nigRkugPñMeBj
eKalneya)ayeynD½r nigkarpþl;GMNacneya)aydl;®sþIenAkm<úCa TMB½r 2
maneKalneya)ay b¤EpnkarskmμPaBCalaylkçN_GkSr[c,as;las;Tak;TinnwgeynDr½kñúgkic©karrbs;
KNbkSenAeLIyEdr.
mankarxitxMrbs;raCrdæaPi)alkñúgkarCRmuj[mankUtaminpøÚvkarenAkñúgtMENgrdæaPi)al nigmankar
GMBavnav ENnaMBImRnþICan;x<s;rbs;rdæaPi)alrYmTaMgnaykrdæmRnþIfμI²enHenAkñúgevTikaelIkkm<s;karcUlrYm
rbs;RsþICafñak;dwknaMenAfñak;eRkamCatienAéf¶TI02-03 Exvicäika qñaM2010 sMu[KNbkSneya)ayTaMgGs;
dak;ebkçCnRsþIQreQμaHenAelxerogxagelIenAkñúgbBa¢IQreQμaHKNbkSrbs;xøÜn edIm,I[ebkçCnRsþI)an
Cab;eqñatsRmab;kare)aHeqñateRCIserIsRkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat;qñaM2012 nigqñaM2013kare)aHeqñateRCIs
taMgtMNagraRsþ. manRbCaBlrdæ ¬PaKeRcInGñkmansiT§ie)aHeqñat¦ 87° )anKaMRTeTAelIkarbegáItc,ab;
bMrugGasn³sRmab;RsþIkñúgkarcUlrYmskmμPaBneya)ay dUcCa karQreQμaHCasmaCikRkumRbwkSaXMu
sgáat; b¤ smaCiksPa ¬karsikSasþIBI {karcUlrYm nigGPi)alkic©RbCaFibetyü} rbs;xumERhVl Exvicäika
qñaM2009¦.
raCrdæaPi)al)anCRmujkardak;RsþIkñúgsßabn½rdæ tamry³kMNt;kUtay:agehacNas;manRsþICa
GnuRbFan . karCRmujedaybTbBa¢apÞal;mat;manRbsiT§PaBxøHEdr Cak;EsþgkalBIéf¶TI06 Exmkra
qñaM2011 elakRsI G‘un suKn§aRtUv)anEtgtaMgCa]tþmesnIy_páay3 nigCaembBa¢akarrgénsñgkar
nKr)alCati. b:uEnþkarpþl;kUtaenHBMuTan;manCaeKalneya)ay b¤ nItiviFIc,ab;pøÚvkarenaHeT. Gacfavaman
karlM)akcMeBaHraCrdæaPi)alkñúgkareFVInItiviFIc,ab; b¤eKalneya)aypøÚvkar eRBaHfaxVHmUldæanc,ab;eKal
Cak;Esþgkñúgkarpþl;kUtadl;burs nigRsþIkñúgtMENgmRnþICab;eqñat b¤m®nþIcat;taMgénsßabn½rdæ.
kñúgkarRbQménlT§PaBkñúgkarbegáItc,ab; b¤eKalneya)ayrbs;rdæedIm,ICMrujkarpþl;GMNac
neya)ayCakUtaeynDr½CaviFankarBiessviC¢man KNbkSnImYy²GacCatYGgÁsMxan;tamry³karbegáIt
eKalneya)ay b¤ EpnkarskmμPaBCak;Esþgkñúgkarpþl;GMNacneya)ayeTAtamTsSn³eynDr½. eRBaHfa
RbBn§½e)aHeqñatenAkm<úCa KWCaRbBn§½smamaRt KNbkSneya)ay b¤GñkdwknaMKNbkSCaGñkseRmcebkçCn
¬burs nigRsþI¦ edIm,Idak;kñúgbBa¢IQreQμaHrbs;KNbkSsRmab;kare)aHeqñat. c,ab; b¤eKalneya-
)ayTak;TinnwgkUtaeynDr½enHGacminRbqaMgnwgrdæFmμnuBaØeT ehIyk¾minmanny½erIseGIgEdr. vaCaviFan-
karBiessbeNþaHGasnñkñúgkarFana[esμIKñarvagRsþI nigburskñúgkarcUlrYmkñúgvis½yneya)ay nigkic©kar
saFarN³. bBaØtiþkUtaeynDr½enHKWmann½yfa pþl;»kasdUcKñadl;ePTTaMgRsþI nigburskñúgkrNIsßanPaB
vismPaB. KNbkSk¾GaceronsURt nigdkBiesaFn_BIbNþaRbeTsmYycMnYnenARbeTsxøH)anerobcMeKal
neya)ayeynDr½ b¤EpnkarskmμPaBCak;EsþgsRmab;smPaBeynDr½enAkñúgKNbkSrbs;BYkeK. Ca
bTBiesaF KNbkSmYyenARbeTsn½revsSr_manEpnkarskmμPaBsþIBI {smPaBeynD½r } Edl)anbgðajBI
karebþCJacitþCaviC¢mansmPaB 50°RsIþ 50°burskñúgRKb;muxtMENgrbs;bkS. enAkñúgEpnkarskmμPaB
eKalneya)ayeynD½r nigkarpþl;GMNacneya)aydl;®sþIenAkm<úCa TMB½r 3
énKNbkSmYyenH manesñIkarerobcMbNþaj b¤clnaRsþIkñúgbkS kmμviFIbNþúHbNþalEdlCMruj[man
smPaBeynDr½ nigbegáItsnñisITCati sikçasala evTikaBak;Bn§½nwgbBaðaRsþI. CakarBitenAkm<úCak¾man
karxitxMrbs;KNbkSkan;GMNac nigKNbkSRbqaMgEdl)anbegáIncMnYnRsþIkñúgKNbkS nigCamRnþICab;eqñat
ehIy)anbNþúHbNþalbegáInsmtßPaBdl;Gñkneya)ay nigskmμCnRsþITaMgenaH. enAtMbn;EdlxumERhVl
eFVIskmμPaBBRgwgRsþIcUlrYmneya)ay b¤karhVwkhVWnRsþIGaceFVI)an nigkarpþl;GMNacdl;RsþIkñúgkareFVI
esckþIseRmccitþ manekItecjenA)atuPUtmYyfa skmμCn b¤m®nþIenAmUldæanXMu sgáat;rbs;KNbkS
RbqaMg)ancuHcUlCamYyKNbkSkan;GMNacmanmUycMnYn. mUlehtuénkarcuHcUlenHmankarBnül;epSg²
dUcCa RsþITaMgenaHmankarP½yxøac b¤KNbkSRbqaMgTaMgenaHminsUvykcitþTukdak;dl;RsþITaMgenaH b¤karman
\T§iBlxøaMgénkarTak;TajTijTwkcitþrbs;KNbkSkan;GMNac.
sMNYrCaeRcIn)anelIkeLIgfa etIRsþIEdl)anGMNacneya)ay BitCa)ancUlrYmCYykñúgkarGPivDÆn_
CaBiessedaHRsaybBaðananaTak;TinnwgRsþI nigkumarmanRbsiT§PaBb¤eT? etIRsþIEdlmanGMNacehIyman
karlM)akEdrb¤eTkñúgkarGnuvtþtYnaTI Parkic©? etImankarlaElgecjBItMENgEdrb¤y:agNa?
eyagtamkarsikSaRsavRCavrbs;xumERhVlqñaM2010 enAtMbn;eKaledArbs;xumERhVlcMnYn
10Rsuk XMucMnYn10kñúgcMeNam73XMu kñúgextþcMnYn5 KW extþkMBg;FM kMBg;cam kMBg;qñaMg taEkv nig
extþRBHvihar¬2¦ )anrkeXIjfa RsþI)anedIrtYnaTIy:agsMxan;kñúgkarsRmbsRmYl nigedaHRsaybBaðaRsþI
nigkumar BiessGMeBIhwgSakñúgRKYsar. c,ab;sþIBIkarRKb;RKgrdæ)alXMu sgáat; )anCYyCRmuj nigelIkTwk
citþ[RkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat;begáItKN³kmμaFiTTYlbnÞúkkic©karnarI nigkumar nigKN³kmμkarepSgeTot rYmTaMg
BRgwg[mankargarRsþIEdlmanRsþImñak;CaCnbegÁalTTYlbnÞúkkargarRsþI nigkumarenAXMu sgáat;Edl
)aneFVIskmμPaBCYyTb;sáat;karrMelaP hwgSaelIRsþI nigedaHRsaybBaðaRsþI nigkumar. karsikSa)an
rkeXIjpgEdr ebIRkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat;EdlmansmaCikRkumRbwkSarYmTaMgRsþI nigbursenaH bBaðaRsþI nig
kumar)anykcitþTukdak;CagRkumRbwkSaEdlmansuT§Etburs.
eTaHCay:agNak¾eday karRsavRCav)anrkeXIjpgEdr RsþICaRkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat; 18/2% RtUv
)anTTYlkarerIseGIg nigriHKn;BIburskñúgeBlbMeBjkargarEdlyl;fa RsþIeFVIkardUcmineXIjman
RbsiT§PaBGVIpg. CaFmμtapñt;KMnitsgÁmExμrrYmTaMgbursEdr EtgEt[témøRsþITabCagburseTaHbImanRsþIxøH
mansmtßPaB qøatvagévCagbursxøHk¾eday karyl;eXIjEbbenHKWCapñt;KMnitd¾xusqÁg. karRsavRCav
bgðajeTotfa RkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat;CaRsþI 18/2% min)anTTYlParkic©esaHBIRbFanRkumRbwkSa XMu sgáat;
rbs;xøÜnedIm,IbMeBjkargar. vaCakarxusqÁg karerIseGIgtYnaTIEdlminRsbtamc,ab;sþIBI karRKb;RKg

¬2¦ r)aykarN_RsavRCavxumERhVl sþIBI {sßanPaBrbs;RsþICaRkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat;kñúgkarbMeBjkic©karenAmUldæan} qñaM2010

eKalneya)ayeynD½r nigkarpþl;GMNacneya)aydl;®sþIenAkm<úCa TMB½r 4

rdæ)alXMu sgáat; )anFanadl;smaCikRkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat;TaMgGs;RtUvEtmanParkic©eTAtamtYnaTI
erog²xøÜn. lT§plRsavRCavbBa¢ak;eTotfa kñúgcMeNamsmaCikaRkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat;11nak; man1nak;
eqøIyfaman®sþICaRkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat;laElgBItMENgcMnYn1nak; eRBaHKat;Qw. karBitcMnYnRsþICab;eqñat
KWmantic b:uEnþGVICakarRBYy)armÖ enAeBlRsþICab;eqñatNamYylaElgBItMENgEbrCaRtUvCMnYstMENgeday
burs. enAmankarRbQmGMBIrebob b¤nItiviFIEdlGacrkSacMnYnRsþICab;eqñatebImankrNIdUcxagelIEdl
laElg. dUecñH edIm,IbegáIncMnYnRsþI KWRtUveFVItamry³karrkSa karBarcMnYnRsþICab;eqñat nigpþl;»kasdl;
RsþICMnYsbursCab;eqñatEdl)anlaElgBItMENg. mann½yfa ebIkrNImanRsþICab;eqñatNamYyRtUv)anla
ElgBItMENgKYrEtmanRsþIepSgmkCMnYs pÞúymkvijebIkrNIbursRtUv)anlaElgBItMENgKYrEtykRsþImk
CMnYspgEdr.
manEt 45/90° eCOfamansmaCikRkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat;Ca®sþIBitCamansar³sMxan;kñúgkarGPivDÆn_
bBaðasgÁmkic©enAmUldæan eRBaH®sþI)ancgCabNþaj nigrcnasm<½n§sMrab;kargar®sþImanCaRbcaM dUcCa bBaða
suxPaB karbnþBUC GMeBIhwgSakñúgRKYsar. XMu sgáat;Edlman®sþIeRcInCaRkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat;eFVI[kargar
dMeNIrkar)anl¥ ®sþIgayBiPakSakargarCamYyburs karedaHRsaybBaða)anrh½s. 40° eqøIyfa kar
GPivDÆRtUvEtmanePTTMagBIrcUlrYm ebImanmYyGt;mYyk¾Bi)akeFVIkargarEdr ®sþIdwgBITukçFur³®sþIdUcKña.
karsikSarbs;xumERhVlenHk¾)anbB¢aak;bEnßmfa smaCikaRkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat;TaMgGs;enARkum
eKaldArbs;xumERhlcg;[maneKalneya)ayeynD½rsRmab;RkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat; edIm,IBRgwgkic©
kargarkñúgkarFana[esμIPaBKñarvagburs-RsIþrYmTaMgsiT§i »kaskñúgkarbegáInsmtßPaB nigkarseRmccitþ
kareFVIEpnkar nigfvika. eKalneya)ayenHGacerobrab;bEnßmGMBI Gender Sensitive enAkEnøgeFVIkar.
lT§plsikçasalafñak;Cati sþIBI {karpþl;GMNacneya)aydl;RsþI nigeKalneya)ayeynDr½
sRmab;KNbkSneya)ay nigRkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat; } shkarerobcMedayxumERhVl KN³kmμaFikar
elIksÞÜyRsþIkñúgvis½yneya)ay ¬K>s>n/CPWP¦ nigGgÁkareynDr½ nigGPivDÆn_edIm,Ikm<úCa(GAD/C)
enAéf¶TI14 ExkBaØa qñaM2010)anbgðajfa KNbkSneya)ayTaMg5rYmTaMgtMNagmkBInaykdæanRKb;RKg
rdæ)almUldæanénRksYgmhaépÞ nigGgÁkareRkArdæaPi)alTTYlsÁal; nigKaMRTkarpþl;siTi§GMNacneya)ay
dl;RsþI nigkarbegáIt[man {EpnkarskmμPaB b¤eKalneya)ayeynD½renAkñúgKNbkS neya)ay
nigRkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat; } RbeyaCn_elIksÞÜysmPaBeynDr½kñúgkic©karneya)ay nigsgÁm
BiesselIkTwkcitþ nigpþl;GMNacneya)aydl;RsþIkñúgkarcUlrYmelIRKb;vis½y. ¬manr)aykarN_lMGitenA
EpñkTI3énesovePAenH¦
Casrub bTbBa¢a b¤Gnusasn_ karebþCJacitþ nigkarKaMRTpÞal;mat;rbs;fñak;dwknaMrdæaPi)al nig
KNbkSneya)aymantémø nigBitCamansar³RbeyaCn_Nas;sRmab;BRgwgkarcUlrYmedayesμIPaBrvag
eKalneya)ayeynD½r nigkarpþl;GMNacneya)aydl;®sþIenAkm<úCa TMB½r 5
RsþI nigbursenAkñúgneya)ay nigkare)aHeqñat edayELkkargarkMritseRmccitþ. eTaHCay:agenHk¾eday
karmanc,ab;eKal eKalneya)ay b¤nItiviFIpøÚvkarTak;Tinnwgkarpþl;GMNacneya)aytamry³kUtaeynDr½
¬burs nigRsþIesμIKña¦ nigkareFVIskmμPaB nigGnuvtþeKalneya)ay nigc,ab;CaKnøwHsMxan;edIm,I[man
RbsiT§PaB nignirnþrPaB EdlBitCamanRbeyaCn_elIkTwkcitþkñúgkarpþl;»kasTUlaydl;karcUlrYmrbs;
RsþI b¤bursesμIKñakñúgvis½yneya)ay nigkic©karsgÁm.
2- esckþIepþIm nigGnusasn_
r)aykarN_enH KWerobrab;Gnusasn_ nigr)aykarN_ sþIBIkarpþl;GMNacneya)aydl;RsþI nig eKal
neya)ayeynDr½sRmab;KNbkSneya)ay nigRkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat; EdlerobcMeday  COMFREL,  CPWP 
nigGAD/C  enAéf¶TI14 ExkBaØa qñaM2010 ehIyk¾manB½t’manbEnßmenA]bsm<n§½ dUcCa KMrUénEpnkar
skmμPaBsRmab;smPaBeynDr½rbs;KNbkSBlkrnr½evsSn_.
tamry³lT§plénkarRsavRCavrbs;xumERhVlGMBI {sßanPaBRsþICaRkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat;kñúgkar
bMeBjkic©karenAmUldæan} nigkarRsavRCavGMBI {eKalneya)ayeynDr½rbs;KNbkSneya)ay nigRkum
RbwkSaXMu sgáat;} xumERhVl)anrkeXIjnUvGnusasn_CaKnøwHkñúgkarpþl;GMNacneya)aydl;RsþI nigeFVI[man
smPaBeynDr½enAkm<úCamandUcteTA ÷
KNbkSneya)ay
1- KYrEtbegáItEpnkarskmμPaB b¤eKalneya)ayeynDr½sRmab;KNbkSneya)ay edIm,I[smaCik
KNbkSTaMgBIrePT BiesssmaCikCaRsþIman»kas niglT§PaBcUlrYmkñúgvis½yneya)ay.
eKalkarN_sMxan;²sRmab;EpnkarskmμPaB nigeKalneya)ayeynDr½enHmandUcxageRkam ÷
¬k¦ RtUvGnuvtþviFankarsmFm’edaypþl;»kas[RsþIcUlrYmskmμ nigbgðajnUvskþanuBlrbs;
xøÜnkñúgkic©karneya)ay nigsgÁmCaCagKitEtGMBIsmtßPaBEtmYymuxEdlCa]bsKÁdl;RsþIkñúgkar
cUlrYm.
¬x¦ smaCikKNbkSneya)ayTaMgBIrePT RtUv)anTTYlkarbNþúHbNþaly:agehacNas;
BIrdgkñúgmYyqñaM edIm,IbegáInsmtßPaB nigPaBeCOCak;EdlCaktþasMxan;[manskmμPaBrs;revIk
kñúgneya)ay nigTTYlmuxtMENgCaGñkdwknaM.
¬K¦ begáIncMnYnRsþI edIm,IQreQμaHe)aHeqñat nigRtUvdak;ebkçCnRsþIenAelxerogTI1 b¤k¾ BIelx
erogTI1 dl; TI3 y:agehac)an 30° enAkñúgbBa¢IebkçCnQreQμaHrbs;xøÜn b¤QreQμaHqøas;
KñarvagebkçCnRsþI nigburs.

eKalneya)ayeynD½r nigkarpþl;GMNacneya)aydl;®sþIenAkm<úCa TMB½r 6

 ¬X¦ bBaðaneya)ayrbs;RsþI nigskmμPaBRsþIEdlCasmaCikKNbkS RtUvEtCarebobvar³én
ral;kic©RbCMurbs;KNbkSneya)ay.
¬g¦ RtUvmankarRtYtBinitüelIkmμviFIsRmab;RsþIenAkñúgKNbkS nigkarENnaMbEnßmeToteday
ykRsþIEdlmanbTBiesaFenAkñúgKNbkSEdlmanPaBskmμKWCam:UEdlKMrU b¤CaGñkENnaMedIm,I
elIkTwkcitþ nigEckrMElkbTBiesaF.
¬c¦ RtUvbkRsayelIsmPaBeynDr½enAkñúgr)aykarN_RbcaMqñaM rbs;xøÜn
¬q¦ begáItsniñsITCati sikçasala evTikaBiPakSaBak;Bn§½nwgbBaðaRsþI
¬C¦ RsþICafñak;dwknaMKYrmankñúgrcnasm<n§½KNbkStaMgBIfñak;CatirhUtdl;fñak;mUldæan
2- KYrTTYlsÁal;fa clnaRsþIbkSKWCakMlaMgclkrmYyd¾sMxan; nigRtUv)anykcitþTukdak;x<s;
3- KYrmanfvikaedayELksRmab;skmμPaBkargarrbs;clnaRsþI
4- KYrpþl;fvikasRmab;ebkçCnRsþI eRbIR)as;kñúgeBleXasnae)aHeqñat
5- rkSa karBarcMnYnRsþICab;eqñat nigpþl;»kasdl;RsþICMnYsbursCab;eqñatEdl)anlaElgBItMENg.
ebIkrNImanRsþICab;eqñatNamYyRtUv)anlaElgBItMENg KYrEtmanRsþIepSgmkCMnYs pÞúymkvij
ebIkrNIbursRtUv)anlaElgBItMENgKYrEtykRsþImkCMnYspgEdr. eFVIEbbenH eTIbGacrkSacMnYn
RsþICab;eqñat[enAnwg nigGacbegáIncMnYnRsþIenAfñak;seRmccitþkan;EteRcIn.
RksYgkic©karnarI¼naykdæanrdæ)almUldæanénRksYgmhaépÞ¼sgÁmsuIvil
6- RksYgkic©karnarI sßab½nBak;B½n§ nigGgÁkarsgÁmsIuvilCYybNþúHbNþaldl;smaCikRkumRbwkSa XMu
sgáat;Ca®sþI sþIBI PaBCaGñkdwknaM nigCMnajepSg² edIm,Icat;Ecg[manRbsiT§PaBx<s;kñúgkaredaH-
RsaybBaða nigrebobedaHRsayTMnas;enAmUldæan.
7- TaMgrdæaPi)al TaMgGgÁkarsgÁmsuIvil nigsßab½nBak;B½n§nana RtUvEtpSBVpSayenAerogral;kar
RbCMufñak;Cati nigmUldæan nigbnþGb;rM pSBVpSaydl;RbCaBlrdæRbus-RsI[)anyl;dwg nig
bBa©úHbBa©Úl[mankarpøas;bþÚr\riyabfkñúgkarTTYlyk GMBIsar³sMxan;énkarcUlrYmrbs;RsþIkñúgkar
eFVIesckþIseRmccitþ GMBIskþanuBlrbs;RsþI GMBIPaBCaédKUd¾sMxan;rbs;RsþI nigburskñúgkar
cUlrYmdwknaM nigGPivDÆn_RbeTsCati tammeFüa)aydUcCa CYbpÞal;tamPUmi-pÞH viTüú TUrTsSn_
BiessRksYgB½t’man nigsßabn½Bak;Bn§½ RtUvCYysRmYlkñúgkarcak;pSays,:tGb;rMxøI b¤kic©BiPakSa
tumUltamry³ viTüú nigTUrTsSn_Cati .
8- RkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat;KYrEtbegáItRbB½nætamdan nigvaytémøelIkargar nigsßanPaBkargarrbs;
RsþICaRkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat;.

eKalneya)ayeynD½r nigkarpþl;GMNacneya)aydl;®sþIenAkm<úCa TMB½r 7

 9- naykdæanrdæ)almUldæanénRksYgmhaépÞ RtUvEtBRgwgkarGnuvtþc,ab; sþIBI {karRKb;RKgrdæ)alXMu
sgáat; } CabnÞan;edIm,Ipþl;siT§iGMNac tYnaTI Parkic©eBjeljdl;smaCikaRkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat;
RbeyaCn_Fanadl;karcUlrYmrbs;RsþIenAfñak;seRmccitþenAmUldæan.
10- naykdæanrdæ)almUldæanénRksYgmhaépÞshkarCamYyRksYgkic©karnarInigsßab½nBak;Bn½æ
TaMgGs;begáItKMrUéneKalneya)ayeynDr½sRmab;RkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat; . ehIyRksYgmhaépÞ
elIkTwkcitþ[RkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat;TaMgGs;Binitü erobcM nigGnumt½eKalneya)ayenH.
3- r)aykarN¾segçbsikçasala sþIBI {karpþl;GMNacneya)aydl;RsIþ
nigeKalneya)ayeynD½rsRmab;KNbkSneya)ay nigRkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat;}
KN³kmμaFikarxumERhVl)anerobcMsikçasalasþIBI : karpþl;GMNacneya)aydl;®sþI nigeKalneya
)ayeynD½rsRmab;KNbkSneya)ay nigRkumRbwkSaXM¼u sgáat; :edayrYmshkarerobcMCamYyCPWP
nigGgÁkarGAD/C enA éf¶TI14 ExkBaØa qñaM2010 enAsNæaKarkaMbUDIya:Na PñMeBj. enAkñúgsikçasalaenH
mankarGeB¢aIj cUlrYmBItMNagKNbkSneya)aycMnYn5 ¬KNbkSRbCaCnkm<úCa KNbkSsm-rgSIú
KNbkSCatiniym KNbkSsiT§imnusS nigKNbkSh‘Vúnsuinbiuc¦ tMNagRksYgmhaépÞ ¬naykdæanrdæ)al
mUldæan¦ GgÁkareRkArdæaPi)alCati nigGnþrCati bNþajRsþIenAmUldæan smaCikrdæaPi)al RksYgkic©karnarI
RkumRbwkSaXMu-sgáat; sm<½n§CatiRkumRbwkSaXMu-sgáat; nigGñksarB½t’mandUcCa TUrTsSn_ viTüú nigkaEst
srubcMnYn 98nak; kñúgenaHmanRsIþcMnYn59nak;;.
elak Kl; bBaØa naykRbtibtþixumERhVl )anbgðajBITsSn³vis½yeTAelIkarpþl;GMNac
neya)aydl;RsIþ nigeKalneya)ayeynD½rsRmab;KNbkSneya)ay nigRkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat; edayepþat
elIcMNucsMxan;BIr³¬1¦ BinitüemIlkarpþl;GMNacdl;®sþItamry³TsSn³eynDr½kñúgkareFVIRkbx½NÐc,ab;
nigeKalneya)aypøÚvkarrbs;rdæedIm,IbegáIncMnYnburs b¤RsþICatMNagCab;eqñat. ¬2¦lT§PaBénkarerobcM
eFIVEpnkarskmμPaB b¤eKalneya)ayeynDr½sRmab;KNbkSneya)ay nigRkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat; .
CaRTwsþIkarpþl;GMNacneya)ayeynDr½ KWniyaydl;karBRgwg karelIksÞÜy nigkarkarBarkar
cUlrYmrbs;RsþIenAkñúgkarseRmccitþxagneya)ay rYmTaMgkarpþl;lT§PaB nig»kasdl;RsþI b¤burs edIm,I
TTYl)an {GMNacneya)ay} edayRtUvxitxMeFIV[mansmPaBrvagburs nigRsþIkñúgGMNacneya)ay
nigkarseRmccitþ.
enAkm<úCamanbBaðaGtulüPaBénkarGnuvtþsiT§irvagburs nigRsþI nigminTan;mansmPaBeynDr½én
karpþl;GMNacxagneya)ayBiessPaBCatMNagGñke)aHeqñat. Gñkneya)aykm<úCaPaKeRcInKW burs É
RsþIvijman»kastictYckñúgkarcUlrYmkñúgqakneya)ay. mü:ageTotenAmankarRbQmkñúgkarGnuvtþn_rbs;
eKalneya)ayeynD½r nigkarpþl;GMNacneya)aydl;®sþIenAkm<úCa TMB½r 8
raCrdæaPi)al edIm,I[seRmctameKaledAGPivDÆn_shsSvtSr_km<úCa(CMDG)Edlkm<úCa)ankMNt;fa enA
qñaM2015 m®nþICab;eqñatCaRsþIenAfñak;Catiy:agtic 30% nigfñak;XMu sgáat; 25%. dUcenH karpþl;GMNac
neya)ayeynDr½enAkm<úCaKW niyaydl;karpþl;»kasdl;RsþI edIm,ITTYl)anGMNacneya)ay. rdæaPi)al
GacBinitülT§PaBkñúgkarbegáItRkbxN½Ðc,ab; b¤eKalneya)ayCapøÚvkaredaypþl;kUtadl;burs b¤RsþICa
tMNagCab;eqñatGaceTAdl;cMnYnEdlkm<úCa)ankMNt;enAkñúg CMDG.
eRkABItYnaTIrbs;rdæaPi)al KNbkSneya)ayKWCatYGgÁsMxan;EdlCRmuj[mankarrIkceRmInkar
pþl;GMNaceynDr½ Biesskarpþl;GMNacneya)aydl;RsþI. eRBaHfa RbBn§½e)aHeqñatenAkm<úCa KWCaRbBn§½
smamaRt KNbkSneya)ay b¤GñkdwknaMKNbkSCaGñkseRmcebkçCn ¬burs nigRsþI¦ edIm,Idak;kñúgbBa¢I
QreQμaHrbs;KNbkSsRmab;kare)aHeqñat. karsikSarbs;xumERhVlrkeXIjfa KNbkSsMxan;²man
Gasn³enAsPa nigRkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat; cg;[maneKalneya)ayeynDr½sRmab;KNbkSneya)ay Edl
manbMNgCMruj[RsþI nigburs)ancUlrYmkñúgkic©karneya)ayesμIKña. KNbkSxøH)anelIkeLIgfa karpþl;
GMNacneya)ayxageynDr½ ¬CaBiess RsþI¦manEcgenAkñúgbTbBa¢aépÞkñúgrbs;KNbkSxøÜn b¤enAkñúg
kmμviFIneya)ay. edayELkKNbkSkan;GMNac ¬KNbkSRbCaCnkm<úCa¦)ankarBarfa GVICaeKal
neya)ay nigyuT§saRsþrbs;raCrdæaPi)al sþIBI karelIksÞÜyeynDr½ b¤RsþIk¾CaeKalneya)ay nig
yuT§saRsþrbs;KNbkSxøÜnEdr. eTaHCay:agNak¾eday KNbkSTaMgenHBMuTan;maneKalneya)ay b¤
EpnkarskmμPaBCalaylkçN_GkSr[c,as;las;Tak;TinnwgeynDr½kñúgkic©karrbs;KNbkSenAeLIyEdr.
CabTBiesaFKNbkSmYyenARbeTsn½revsSr¾manEpnkarskmμPaBsþIBI {smPaBeynD½r} Edl)anbgðajBI
karebþCJacitþCaviC¢man smPaB50°RsIþ 50°burskñúgRKb;muxtMENgrbs;bkS. enAkñúgEpnkarskmμPaB
manesñIkarerobcMbNþaj b¤clnaRsþIkñúgbkS kmμviFIbNþúHbNþalEdlCMruj[mansmPaBeynDr½
nigbegáItsnñisITCati sikçasala evTikaBak;Bn§½nwgbBaðaRsþI.
karsikSarbs;xumERhVlqñaM2010k¾)anrkeXIjpgEdrfa smaCikaRkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat;TaMgGs;enA
RkumeKaldArbs;xumERhlcg;[maneKalneya)ayeynD½rsRmab;XMu sgáat; edIm,IBRgwgkic©kargarkñúg
karFana[esμIPaBKñarvagburs RsIþrYmTaMgsiT§i »kaskñúgkarbegáInsmtßPaB nigkarseRmccitþ. eKal
neya)ayenHGacerobrab;bEnßmGMBI Gender Sensitive enAkEnøgkargar.
Casrub sikçasalaeyIg KYrEtBiPakSaGMBIlT§PaBkñúgkarbegáIteKalneya)ayeynDr½sRmab;
KNbkSneya)ay nigRkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat; edIm,I[RsþI nigbursmanlT§PaB »kascUlrYmskmμkñúgkic©kar
neya)ay nigkic©karsaFarN³.
elak sYr suxexg GKÁnaykrgénGKÁnaykdæanrdæPalmUldæanénRksYgmhaépÞ nigelak
exal yuT§lI GnuRbFannaykdæanrdæ)almUldæanénRksYgmhaépÞ )ansMEdgkarKaMRTkarbegáIt[man
eKalneya)ayeynD½r nigkarpþl;GMNacneya)aydl;®sþIenAkm<úCa TMB½r 9
eKalneya)ayeynDr½sRmab;KNbkSneya)ay nigRkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat; vaBitCamansar³sMxan;Nas;
CYydl;RkumRbwkSaXMusgáat;kñúgkarbegáInsmPaB eynDr½sRmab;smaCikRkumRbwkSa nigKNbkSneya)ay.
elak)anbBa¢ak;fa kmμviFICatiry³eBl10qñaM¬2010-2019¦sRmab;KaMRTdl;dMeNIrkarGPivDÆn¾
tamEbbRbCaFibetyüenAfñak;eRkamCati. karbRBa¢abeynDr½enAkñúgkmμviFICati KWCakarxitxMRbwgERbgkñúg
kardak;bBa©ÚlsmamaRt nigtYnaTIRsþI CaBiesstYnaTIkñúgkareFVIesckþIseRmccitþeTAkñúgRKb;Epñkén
GPi)alkic© nigkareFVI[RsþITTYl)anesvaepSg². kmμviFICati)anpþl;nUvcMNuccab;epþIm nigkalanuvtþPaB
Edl)ankMNt;enAkñúgsmasFatukmμviFITaMg5sMedA»kassRmab;RsþI nigFanafaesvaTaMgGs;EdlCatRmUv
karrbs;RsþIRtUv)aneqøIytb. dUecñH kñúgkarpþl;GMNacneya)aydl;RsþI nigkarbegáIt[maneKal
neya)ayeynDr½sRmab;RRkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat; KWedIm,I½CYyBenøÓnkarcUlrYmrbs;RsþIenAkñúgkareFVIesckþI
citþenARKb;kMrit eFVI[RsþImanPaBkøahan [RsþIman»kascUlrYmedayskmμ nigbgðajBIskþanuBlrbs;xøÜn
kñúgkic©karneya)ay nigGPivDÆn_sgÁm RBmTaMgpþl;»kasdl;burs-RsþI)ancUlrYmesμIPaB.
Ék]tþm sμan eTot GnuRbFanKN³kmμkaresdækic© hirBaØvtßú FnaKar nigsvnkmμénrdæsPa
nigCatMNagKNbkSRbCaCnkm<úCa )anmanRbsasn_fa KNbkSRbCaCnkm<úCamaneKalneya)ayRKb;
RCugeRCayehIy bc©úb,nñkMBugskmμkñúgkarpþl;»kasdl;RsIþedIm,ITTYl)antYnaTIsmRsbkñúgkardwknaM
RbeTs TaMgsßab½nneya)ay nigrdæ. KNbkSRbCaCn)anÉkPaBelITsSn³énkarpþl;GMNacneya)ay
dl;RsIþ KW GnuelamtamsμartIrdæFmμnujmaRta 35 )anEcgfa : RbCaBlrdæExμrTaMgBIrePTmansiT§icUlrYm
ya:gskmμkñúgCIvPaBneya)ay esdækic© sgÁmkic© nigvb,Fm’rbs;RbeTsCati>>> : Ék]tþmman
eyabl;bEnßmeTotfa karelIkeLIgnUveKalneya)ayeynDr½ eKalbMNgKNbkSRbCaCnkm<úCa KW
- elIkTwkcitþ[RsþIbnþRbéBNIl¥cUlrYmcMENkkñúgvis½ykarBarmatuPUmi ksagCati nigGPivDÆn_
CIvPaBRKYsar.
- elIkTwkcitþRsþIkñúgkarseRmccitþxagneya)aytamry³cUlrYm nigKaMRTneya)aykñúgkare)aH
eqñateRCIstaMgtMNagraRsþ nigkare)aHeqñateRCIserIsRkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat;; KWKNbkSerobcM
ebkçnarIQreQμaHsRmab;kare)aHeqñat eFVIya:gNa[manRsþICab;CatMNagenAkñúgRkumRbwkSaXMu
sgáat; nigsPa. eTaHCay:agenHk¾eday RsþIkMurg;caMkarpþl;GMNacedayÉkÉg RsIþRtUvts‘Umti
BuHBarRKb;kic©kar ksagGMNacedayRsIþxøÜnÉg RsIþ52°énRbCaBlrdæTUeTARsIþRtUvEtman
tMNagkñúgsßab½nneya)ay nigsßab½nrdæ.
- bnSaMEpñksμartIrbs;burscMeBaHkic©karEdlRsþI)an nigRtUvbMeBj edayRtUvTTYlsÁal;smtßPaB
rbs;RsþI nigKaMRTebkçCnRsþIkñúgkic©karneya)ay nigkic©karrdæ.

eKalneya)ayeynD½r nigkarpþl;GMNacneya)aydl;®sþIenAkm<úCa TMB½r 10

 elakCMTav Em:n munIrtna GnuRbFanclna®sþI nigCaGtIttMNagra®sþextþéRBEvgénKNbkS
sm-rgSIú)aneFIVbTbgðajfa KNbkSsm-rgSIú manTisedAya:gc,as;las;kñúgkarpþl;GMNacneya)aydl;
RsIþ nigbegáInRsIþ[mancMnYneRcInkñúgvis½yneya)ayk¾dUcCaGb;rM[RsIþBRgwgsmtßPaBxøÜnÉgkñúgvis½yepSg.
eKalneya)ay nigEpnkarskmμPaBeynD½rsMrab;KNbkSsmrgSImandUcCa³
- karBar nig elIktMekIgBitR)akdnUvsiT§iesrIPaBrbs;®sþIExμr
- bMpus nigbNþúHbNþal®sþIExμr[manesckþIkøahankñúgkarbeBa©jmti b¤tva:edIm,IksaglTæiRbCa
Fibetyü nigGPivDÆn¾RbeTs.
- CMruj nigTamTar[mankarkMcat;GMeBIBalaGava:Es karCYjdUrmnusS GMeBIhwgSakñúgRKYsar
nigTamTar[rdæaPi)al k¾dUcCaGgÁkarsgÁmsuIvil[ykcitþTukdak;cMeBaH®sþI.
- pþl;karelIkTwkcitþdl;®sþIedIm,ICMruj[mankarpøas;bþÚrPaBCaGñkdwknaM
- pþl;GMNacdl;®sþIedIm,ICMruj[®sþImankargareFVI mankarGb;rM nigmanesvasuxPaB RBmTaMgBRgwgnUv
smtßPaB®sþIsRmab;CaTunedaHRsaybBaða.
- pþl;lT§PaBdl;RsIþkñúgkarQreQμaH nigEsVgrksnøwkeqñatedayCYyCafrika nigmeFüa)ayepSg²
Rsbc,ab;.
- beRgonBIsarneya)aypÞal;rbs;KNbkS kñúgkarEsVgrkkarKaMRT.
- KNbkSsm-rgSúImanclnaRsþI edaymanelakCMTav mYr suxhYr CaRbFanclnaRsþI.
enAerogral;3Exmþg )anGeBa¢IjRsþICaRkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat; nigsmaCikKN³kmμaFikarkNþal
cUlrYmRbCMu eday)anelIkykbBaðaCak;EsþgenAtammUldæan nigrknUvdMeNaHRsay.
elakCMTavk¾maneyabl;bEnßmeTotfa eKalneya)ay b¤EpnkarskmμPaBrbs;KNbkSnImYy²va
minRKb;RKan;eTkñúgkarbegáInRsþI[mantYnaTIkñúgneya)ay KWrdæaPi)almantYnaTId¾sMxan;kñúgkarcUlrYmelIk
sÞÜyRsþIkñúgvis½yneya)ay. dUecñH KNbkSsm-rgSúIsUmGMBavnavdl;rdæaPi)al nigGgÁkareRkArdæaPi)al
CYyykcitþTukdak;]btßmÖKaMBar pþl;cMeNHdwg pþl;siT§iBitR)akd edIm,I[RsIþExμrmanTwkcitþ mansmtßPaB
eBjeljkññúgkarCYyGPivDÆn¾RbeTsCati.
elakRsI Lak; suPaB GnuRbFanclna®sþImkBIKNbkSsiT§imnusS )anbgðajfa
KNbkSsiT§imnusSRbkan;ykneya)ayGhwgSaedayRbkan;nUveKalkarN_yutþiFm’sgÁm karelIkTwkcitþ
RsþI[cUlrYmkñúgskmμPaBneya)ay nigkñúgskmμPaBGPivDÆn_sgÁm . karniyaycg;[RsþIcUlrYm[)an

eKalneya)ayeynD½r nigkarpþl;GMNacneya)aydl;®sþIenAkm<úCa TMB½r 11

eRcInKWgayniyay b:uEnþkarGnuvtþCak;EsþgvijBitCacRmUgcRmas;xøaMgNas;EdltRmUv[eyIgrYmKñaedaH
RsayRbkbedaysuTidæiniym suqnÞ³BitR)akd nigRsYcRsavbMput edayeyIgRtUvbegáInkaryl;dwg
BIbTBiesaFénkarGnuvtþeKalneya)ayeynDr½BIRbeTsepSg² nigCRmuj[manyuT§nakar sþIBI karbegáIt
eKalneya)ayeynDr½sRmab;KNbkS nigRkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat; . elakRsIbEnßmeTotfa c,ab;e)aH
eqñatcab;BIfñak;Cati dl; XMu sgáat;RtUvEklMGedIm,Idak;bkçCnRsþIsßitkñúglMdab;elxerogEdlGacCab;eqñat
)an.
elakCMTav Em:n ma:lI RbFanclnaRsIþmkBIKNbkShVún‘ sIunbiuc )anmanRbsasn¾
bgðajBIsmPaBeynD½rmantaMgBIkMnrkMeNItKNbkShVú‘nsIunbiucmkemø:H. karelIkkMBs;tYnaTIRsIþkñúgvis½y
neya)ayKNbkShVú‘nsIunbiuc)anQanmuxkñúgkarelIkkMBs;RsIþ. sikçasalaéf¶enHBitCamansar³sMxan;
eyIgeFVIkarBiPakSa EckrMElknUvbTBiesaFn¾eTAvijeTAmkeFIVya:gNaedIm,I[RsIþcUlrYmkan;EteRcInkñúg
vis½yneya)ay CaBiesskae)aHeqñateRCIserIsRkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat; nigkare)aHeqñateRCIstaMg
tMNagraRsþ. dUecñHeKalneya)ayrbs;KNbkShVú‘nsIunbiuc)an nigbnþkarelIksÞÜyrYcmkehIynUvKuN
tMélrbs;RsIþEdlminRtwmEte)aHeqñatkñúgfñak;eRkamCatieT sUm,IEtfñak;Catik¾KNbkSmaneKalkarN_R)akd
RbCapgEdr. b:uEnþeTaHbICamankarxitxMRbwgERbgya:gNak¾eday bBaðaKnøwHCa]bsKÁsMrab;RsIþenAEtman
dUcCa xVHkarcUlrYm nigCMrujelIkTwkcitþBIRKYsar bBaðaesdækic©k¾CabBaðacMbg bBaðasuvtiþPaBCabBaðaKYr[
BicarNaBIRKb;mCÆdæanTaMgGs;.
elakRsI mMu pløa RbFanclnaRsIþ nigCaRbFanRkumkargarRsIþbkSRbcaMextþeBaFisat;mkBI
KNbkSCatiniym¬GtItKNbkSneratþmrNb£T§i¦ )anekatsresIrdl;GgÁkarxumERhVlEdlerobcMsikça-
salaenHeLIg vaBitCapþl;nUvGtßRbeyaCn_y:ageRcIndl;RsþIEdl)anbMerIkarkñúgvis½yneya)ay dUcCa
begáInkaryl;dwgGMBIbTBiesaFénkarGnuvtþeKalneya)ayeynDr½BIbNþaRbeTsnana nigCRmuj[man
yuT§nakarsMedAbegáIt[maneKalneya)ayeynDr½sRmab;KNbkSneya)ay edIm,Ipþl;»kas[RsþIExμrkan;
EtcUlrYmskmμEfmeTotkñúgkarrYmcMENkGPivDÆn_sgÁmCati.
eTaHbIminmanEcgc,as;faCaeKalneya)ayeynDr½ b¤karkMNt;kUtasRmab;RsþIkñúgkMritdwknaMCan;
x<s;k¾eday enAkñúgeKalneya)ayKNbkSCatiniym )anFanaRbsiT§PaB nigelIkkm<s;kareKarB
siT§imnusS CaBiesssiT§iRsþI nigsiT§ikumar nigsiTC§i nCatiedImPaKtic¼CnCatiPaKtic elIkTwkcitþRsþI[
cUlrYmeFVIesckþIseRmccitþedayesμIPaBCamYybursenAkñúgRKb;vis½ysgÁm vb,Fm’ nigneya)ay. elakRsI
)anbEnßmfa KNbkSCatiniymsUmsMEdgnUvkarKaMRTcMeBaHynþkartak;Etg[maneKalneya)ayeynDr½
sRmab;KNbkSneya)ay nigRkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat;.

eKalneya)ayeynD½r nigkarpþl;GMNacneya)aydl;®sþIenAkm<úCa TMB½r 12

 elakRsI rs; suPaB nayikaGgÁkareynD½r nig GPivDÆn¾edIm,Ikm<úCa  (GAD/C)  )anbgðajGMBI
bTBiesaFénkarbegáIteKalneya)ayeynDr½edayepþatelIcMNucsMxan;²dUcCa smaCikRkumRbwkSanayk
karRKb;RKgfñak;RbFanGgÁkar karRKb;RKgfñak;kNþal buKÁlikEdlminEmnCaGñkRKb;RKg ebovtSr_esμIKña
kareFVIesckþIseRmc karksagsmtßPaB karcUlrYmrbs;shKmn_enAkñúgKeRmag. elakRsI)anbBa¢ak;
bEnßmGMBI ³
¬1¦ ]bsKÁ b¤ktþararaMgkarcUlrYmrbs;RsþIkñúgdMeNIrkareFVIesckþIsRmccitþenAkm<úCaenAkñúgrcnasm<n½§
épÞkñúgrbs;KNbkSneya)ay³
- minmancMnYnRsþICasmaCikRKb;RKan;enAkñúgKNbkSneya)ayenARKb;kRmit ¬taMgBIsmaCikPaB
fñak;eRkamdl;fñak;kNþal¦.
- bursenAkñúgKNbkSenAEtRbkan;bTdæaneynDr½buraN nigyl;eXIjfa }neya)ay KWCakargar
burs }.
- smtßPaBrbs;RsþI nigCMenOeCOCak;elIxøÜnÉgkñúgkarcUlrYmskmμkñúgkic©karneya)ayenAEtCabBaða
BIeRBaHRsþIyl;fa kargarneya)ayeRKaHfñak; nigminEmnCakargarrbs;RsþIeT.
- ebkçCnQreQμaHe)aHeqñat³ cMnYnebkçCnRsþIticCagebkçCnburs BIeRBaHKNbkSneya)ayKitfa
Gñke)aHeqñatburs Gñke)aHeqñatRsþInwgmine)aHeqñat[ebkçCnRsþI.
- ebkçCnRsþIRtUv)andak;[QreQμaHenAelxerogxageRkaménbBa¢IQreQμaHKNbkS
- ebkçCnRsþITTYl)ankarpSBVpSay nigKaMRTticBIsMNak;GñksarB½t’mankñúgGMLúgeBlyuT§nakar
eXasnae)aHeqñat.
- eTaHbIRsþITTYl)antYnaTIFMenACYrraCrdæaPi)al k¾RsþIenaHminTTYl)ankarcat;taMg[RKb;RKgsßabn½
FM²Edr dUcCa RksYgkarBarCati RksYgesdækic© nighirBaØvtßú RksYgkarbreTs .l.
- tMNagRsþICab;eqñatenAfñak;XMu sgáat;tictYcNas;EdlTTYl)antYnaTICaemXMu ecAsgáat;.
¬2¦ sar³RbeyaCn_ebkçPaB®sþICaGñkneya)ay
• ®sþIyl;BItRmUvkarrbs;®sþI
• ®sþImankaryl;eXIj nigyuT§sa®sþmYycMnYnEdlmanRbsiT§PaBxusBIburs.
• ebkçPaB®sþICaGñkneya)aybgðajBIqnÞ³ niglT§plBitR)akdrbs;rdæaPi)alkñúgkareqøIytbbBaða
vismPaBeynD½renAkñúgRbeTskm<úCa.
 ebkçPaBRsþI CakþIsgÄwmBitR)akdrbs;RsþIrgeRKaHBIGMeBIhwgSakñúgRKYsar nigRsþICaCnrgeRKaHBIkar
rMelaPbMBan nigCRmujkarGnuvtþc,ab;GMeBIhwSakñúgRKYsar nigGMeBIhwgSaelIRsþI[kan;Etman
RbsiT§PaB.
eKalneya)ayeynD½r nigkarpþl;GMNacneya)aydl;®sþIenAkm<úCa TMB½r 13
  ebkçPaBRsþInwgbegáInRbCaRbiyPaBrbs;KNbkSneya)ay.
lT§plRkumBiPakSa
RkumRbwkSaXuM¼sgáat; rkeXIjlT§pl
?mUlehtuEdlnaM[maneKalneya)ay b¤Epnkar ?eyIgGacbegáIteKalneya)ay b¤EpnkarskmμPaB
skmμPaBeynD½r³ eynD½r sRmab;RkumRbwkSaXuM sgáat;tamry³
- edIm,ImankarKaMRTBIKNbkSneya)ay[manburs nig - karbNþúHbNþal®sþI[ecHeFVIEpnkarskmμPaB
®sIþesμIKña. - karbBa©ÚlbBaðarbs;®sþI nigkumarenAkñúgXuM
- gayRsYlkñúgkarshkarGPivDÆn¾mUldæan - RbmUlB½t’manBImUldæanedIm,IEsVgrktRmUvkarrbs;®sþI
- edIm,ITamTartRmUvkarmUldæan nigburskñúgkarbegáItKeRmag.
- CYyelIkkm<s;dl;®sþIeTAelIkarcUlrYmbeBa©jmti nig - dak;bBa©ÚlB½t’manEdlTTYl)anBImUldæaneTAkñúgEpnkar
karseRmccitþ. Gnuvtþn¾KeRmagRbcaMqñaM.
- CYyedaHRsaybBaðarbs;®sþI nigkumar -tamdankarGnuvtþn_KeRmag EpnkarskmμPaBXuM sgáat;
- CYy®sþI[ecHerobcMEpnkar
?eKalneya)ay b¤EpnkarskmμPaBeynD½rKYrman
cMNucsMxan;²dUcxageRkam³
1- RtUvmantmøaPaB
2- RtUvmansmPaB nigsmFm’eynD½rBitR)akd
3- RtUvmanKNenyüPaB
4- mankarRtYtBinitü tamdan
5- pþl;»kasdl;RsþI)ancUlrYmRKb;skmμPaB
6- begáInsmtßPaBdl;RsþICaBiess

KNbkSneya)ay rkeXIjlT§pl

?mUlehtuEdlnaM[maneKalneya)ay eyIgGacbegáIteKalneya)ay b¤EpnkarskmμPaB

?
b¤EpnkarskmμPaBeynD½r³ eynD½r sRmab;KNbkSneya)ay³
- edIm,I[mancMnYn®sþIcUlrYmkñúgqakneya)ay[)an - bNþúHbNþalRKUbegÁalBIKNbkS GgÁkarminEmnrdæa-
eRcIn. Pi)al nigGgÁkarGnþrCati.
- edIm,ICYy®sþITTYl)an»kaseRcInkñúgkarQreQμaHCa - mankBa©b;fvikasRmab;kareXasnadl;ebkçCn®sþI
ebkçCntamlMdab;elxerogqøas;. - beRgonBIsarneya)ay
eKalneya)ayeynD½r nigkarpþl;GMNacneya)aydl;®sþIenAkm<úCa TMB½r 14
- edIm,I[mansmPaBrvagburs nig®sþI edIm,IeqøIytb
eTAnwgeKalkarN¾sgÁÁmCati nigGnþrCatiEdlkMBugEt
eFVIclnaelIkkm<s;®sþI. dUcenHKNbkSneya)ayRtUv
begáIteKalneya)ayeynD½r.
- ®sþIcUlrYmkñúgkardwknaMeRcInGackat;bnßyPaBRkIRk
GMeBIhigSa nigGMeBIBukrlYy.
- karts‘UmtiCamYyfñak;Cati nigfñak;dwknaMCan;x<s;
¬RbFan nigGKÁelxaFikar¦edIm,IbBa©Úl®sþIkñúgkmμviFI
eKalneya)ayrbs;KNbkS dUcCalkçnþik³ nigbT
bBa¢aépÞkñúg[)anc,as;las;.
- pþl;»kas[®sþI)ankøayCaGñkdwknaMKNbkSBIfñak;
kMBUldl;fñak;mUldæan.
- BRgwgsmtßPaB®sþI¬vis½yneya)ay karTak;Tajkar
KaMRTBIRbCaBlrdæ¦.
- RtUvBinitüemIlrcnasm<½n§rbs;KNbkSnImYy² ehIy
bBa©Úl®sþICaGñkdwknaMkñúgKNbkS cab;BIfñak;elIrhUtdl;
fñak;mUldæan.
?eKalneya)ay b¤EpnkarskmμPaBeynD½rKYrmancMNuc
sMxan;²dUcxageRkam³
- yutþiFm’sRmab;®sþI
- EpnkarskmμPaBkñúgkarbNþúHbNþal®sþI
- kMNt;cMnYnkUta®sþItamsßab½nnanarbs;KNbkS
- karBar nigelIksÞÜyedIm,IBRgIkkarcUlrYmrbs;®sþI
- pþl;»kas[®sþI)ankøayCafñak;dwknaM[)aneRcIn
-RtUvBinitüemIlrcnasm<½n§rbs;KNbkSnImYy² ehIy
bBa©Úl®sþICaGñkdwknaMkñúgKNbkScab;BIfñak;elIrhUtdl;fñak;
mUldæan.

elakRsIFIta XwH nayikaGgÁkarsIlkar nigGKÁelxaFikarCPWP  )anEføgkñúgkarsrublT§

plénGgÁsikaçsalaTaMgmUlfa KNbkSneya)ayTaMg5 rYmTaMgtMNagmkBInaykdæanRKb;RKgrdæ)al
mUldæanénRksYgmhaépÞ nigGgÁkarsgámsuIvil TTYlsÁal; nigKaMRTkarpþl;siTi§GMNacneya)aydl;RsþI
nigkarbegáIt[maneKalneya)ayeynDr½sRmab;KNbkSneya)ay nigRkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat; BitCaman
sar³sMxan;Nas;. elakRsIk¾)anbgðajfa eKalneya)ayerobcM)anluHRtaEtfñak;dwknaMKNbkS
neya)ayTaMgGs;eCOCak;fa karpþl;»kas[RsIþcUlrYm nigkar[manviFankarbeNþaHGasnñedIm,Ipþl;
GMNacneya)aydl;RsþICakarcaM)ac;. CMenOTI1 PaBcaM)ac;EdlRtUvpþl;siT§iGMNac PaBGg;Gacdl;RsþI
KWedIm,IyutþiFm’ lT§iRbCaFibetyü nigRbsiT§PaBénkarGPivDÆn_ nigkarkat;bnßyPaBRkIRkenAkm<úCa.
CMenOTI2 karpþl;siT§iGMNac nig»kasdl;RsþIcUlrYmedIm,IplRbeyaCn_rYm. mann½yfa plRbeyaCn_
minEmn)aneTAelIEtRsþI nigkumareT KW)anTTYlTaMgGs;KñarYmTaMgburspgEdr. CMenOTI3 RsþITTYlkarerIs
eGIgCayUrNas;mkehIyenAkñúgsgÁmkm<úCa kñúgvb,Fm’RsþIRtUv)anelIksÞÜyxøaMg b:uEnþkarGnuvtþCak;Esþg
enAmanPaBxVHcenøaHeRcIn dUecñHeyIgRtUvkaredaHRsaybBaðaenH. CMenOTI4 eyIgRtUvmanviFankarBiess
edIm,IeFVI[mankarpøas;bþÚrBIsßanPaBexSayrbs;RsþIkñúgsgÁm kñúgRKYsareTACaman»kasQancUlrYmkñúg
KNbkSneya)ay nigvisy½neya)ay. km<úCa)anTTYlyknUvGnusBaØasIu-dkarlubbM)at;ral;TMrg;
énkarerIseGIgRbqaMgnwgnarIePT nigcat;viFankarbeNþaHGasnñ edIm,IeFVI[RsþI)anTTYlnUvPaByutþiFm’

eKalneya)ayeynD½r nigkarpþl;GMNacneya)aydl;®sþIenAkm<úCa TMB½r 15

karGnuvtþRbCaFibetyü nig[mankarkat;bnßyPaBRkIRkenAkm<úCa EdlCameFüa)ayKaMRTdl;
eKalneya)ayrbs;raCrdæaPi)al. dUecñHebIeyIgxVHCMenOxagelIenH tamkarsikSaRsavRCavTUTaMg
BiPBelak KNbkSneya)ayNaEdlmankaryl;suICMerAGMBIbBaðaTaMgenHminEmnEtRsþIeT burspgEdr
EdlRtUvyl;fa karpþl;siT§iGMNacdl;RsþI KWCakarpþl;siT§iGMNacdl;xøÜnÉg. dUecñHeKalneya)ayeynDr½
CaeKalneya)aycaM)ac;edIm,IeqøIytbeTAnwgGVIEdl)anelIkeLIgxagelI kargarCRmuj[manRsþIBMuEmnCa
kargarrbs;RsþIeT KWCakargarrbs;eyIgTaMgGs;KñaTaMgburs TaMgRsþIEdlCaGñkmantYnaTIenAkñúgsgÁm nig
kñúgKNbkSsMxan;Nas;BIeRBaHKNbkSneya)ayCaGñkkan;GMNac Kat;mantYnaTI nigkatBVkic©kñúgkar
edaHRsaybBaðasgÁm .
esckþIsnñidæan niglT§pl
tamry³bTbgðaj kic©BiPakSa nigBiPakSatamRkumry³eBl1éf¶eBjenH )anrkeXIjfa mankar
TTYlyk nigKaMRTy:ageBjTMhwgBIKNbkSneya)ayTaMg5 RkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat; naykdæanrdæ)al
mUldæanénRksYgmhaépÞ nigGgÁkareRkArdæaPi)alkñúgkarbegáIt[man { EpnkarskmμPaB b¤eKal-
neya)ayeynD½renAkñúgKNbkSneya)ay nigRkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat; } edIm,IelIksÞÜysmPaBeynDr½
kñúgkic©karneya)ay nigsgÁm BiesselIkTwkcitþ nigpþl;GMNacneya)aydl;RsþIkñúgkarcUlrYmelIRKb;
vis½y. eKalneya)ay b¤EpnkarskmμPaBeynD½rKYrmancMNucsMxan;²dUcxageRkam³
KNbkSneya)ay
- RtUvmanyutþiFm’sRmab;®sþI
- begáItEpnkarskmμPaBkñúgkarbNþúHbNþal®sþI
- kMNt;cMnYnkUta®sþItamsßab½nnanarbs;KNbkSneya)ay
- karBar nigelIksÞÜyedIm,IBRgIkkarcUlrYmrbs;®sþI
- pþl;»kas[®sþI)ankøayCafñak;dwknaM[)aneRcIn
- RtUvBinitüemIlrcnasm<½n§rbs;KNbkSnImYy² ehIybBa©Úl®sþICaGñkdwknaMkñúgKNbkScab;BIfñak;elI
rhUtdl;fñak;mUldæan.
RkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat;
- RtUvmantmøaPaB
- RtUvmansmPaB nigsmFm’eynD½rBitR)akd
- RtUvmanKNenyüPaB
- mankarRtYtBinitütamdan

eKalneya)ayeynD½r nigkarpþl;GMNacneya)aydl;®sþIenAkm<úCa TMB½r 16

 - pþl;»kasdl;RsþI)ancUlrYmRKb;skmμPaB
- begáInsmtßPaBdl;RsþICaBiess
karebþCJacitþ nigKaMRTkñúgkarpþl;GMNacneya)aydl;RsþI nigbegáIt[maneKalneya)ayeynDr½
sRmab;KNbkSneya)ay nigRkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat; vamantémø nigBitCamansar³RbeyaCn_Nas;dl;
GPiRkmRbCaFibetyü CaBiesskarcUlrYmedayesμIPaBrvagRsþI nigburs. eTaHCay:agenHk¾eday RtUvkar
caM)ac;bEnßmeTotnUvqnÞ³x<s;rbs;KNbkSneya)ay ¬GñkdwknaMKNbkS¦ nigsßabn½Bak;Bn§½kñúgkareFVI
skmμPaB nigGnuvtþeKalneya)ayeynDr½RbkbedayRbsiT§PaB nirnþrPaB RbeyaCn_elIkTwkcitþ nig
pþl;»kasTUlaydl;karcUlrYmrbs;RsþICaGtibrmakñúgvis½yneya)ay nigkic©karsgÁm.

]bsm<n§½TI1
KMrUénEpnkarskmμPaBsRmab;smPaBeynDr½enAkñúgKNbkSBlkrn½revsSn¾

KNbkSBlkrn½revsSn¾manckçúvis½y nigeKaledAEdlxøÜnnwgkøayCaKNbkSEdlmanskmμPaB
CageK.
EpnkarskmμPaBsRmab;smPaBeynD½rrbs;KNbkS KWCa]bkrN¾kargarmYyEdlBiBN’na GMBI
rebobEdleyIgnwgeFIVkargaredIm,IseRmc)ancgçúvis½y nigeKaledAenH.
kaeGb;rM nigkarbNþúHbNþal KWCaKnøwHmYyeq<aHeTAkan;karseRmc)aneKaledArbs;eyIg. cMNuc
enHmanqøúHbBa©aMgkñúgEpnkarskmμPaBenH. karksagsmtßPaBpþl;nUvcMeNHdwg nigPaBeCoWCak;Edl
CaktþasMxan;edIm,ImanskmμPaBrs;revIkkñúgneya)ay TTYlmuxtMENgCaGñkdwknaM nigRtUv)aneKykcitþTuk
dak;kñúgneya)ay.
smaCkñúg qñaM2005)anGnum½tdUcxageRkam³
: KNbkSBlkrn½revsSn¾nwgkøayCaKNbkSEdlmansmPaBCageK. KNbkSnwgkøayCakMlaMg
clkrsRmab;sgÁmEdlmansmPaB. smaCenHeCOCak;fatulüPaBeynD½rkñúgmuxtMENgFM²KWCabBaðamYy
Tak;Tgnwgvb,Fm’ qnÞ³ nigsmtßPaBkñúgkarbBa©b;RbéBNIEdlbursKWCaGñkdwknaM. vaRtUvkarkarBarCaRbB½næ
mYyedIm,Ipøas;bþúÚr\riyabf vb,Fm’ nigdMeNIrkareRCIserIs. KNbkSKYrTTYlxusRtUvcMeBaHkarpøas;bþÚr
kargar. smaCenHnwgCMruj[sßab½nKNbkSTTYlxusRtUvcMeBaHkarbegáIt nigGnuvtþyuTæsaRsþsmPaB :.
edIm,IkøayCaKNbkSEdlmansmPaBCageK eyIgRtUvEteFVIkarCaRbBn§½ nigedaymaneKalbMNg
c,as;las;. eyIgRtUvEteFIVkarkñúgRKb;lMdab;fñak;énsßabn½rbs;eyIg RkummUldæan KNbkSRkug

eKalneya)ayeynD½r nigkarpþl;GMNacneya)aydl;®sþIenAkm<úCa TMB½r 17

(municipal  parties)  KNbkStMbn; nigKNbkSkNþal. kareFIVkargarrYmKñaeFIV[eyIgcab;epþIm
dwgGMBI\riyabfrbs;eyIg eyIgeRCIserIsGb;rM erobcMbBaðaneya)aysMxan;² GMBIrebobvar³smPaBeyD½r
nigGnuBaØati[RsIþ)ancUlrYm. sßab½nénKNbkSBlkrnr½evsSn¾EdlEp¥kelIeKalkarN¾smahrNkmμ KW
CaTIPañk;garbRBa¢abrbs;KNbkSTaMgenAfñak;Cati nigfñak;mUldæanEdlmankarTTYlxusRtUvcMeBaHsmPaB
kñúgsmPaBrbs;KNbkS rdæaPi)almCÄwmTTYlxusRtUvcMeBaHkarseRmc)aneKalbMNgénKNbkSEdl
mansmPaB.
bBaðaRbQmKWmaneRcInCagenH. KNbkSmansmaCikCag50 000nak; Edl 40°énsmaCik
TaMgGs;KWCaRsIþ;. eyIgk¾mancMnYnelIslubénbursEdlCaGñkdwknaMkñúgsßab½nKNbkSpgEdr nigmanRsIþEt
29°b:ueNÑaHrbs;KNbkSEdlCaecAhaVyRkug. eyIgk¾dwgEdrfa burseRcInCagRsIþQreQμaHe)aHeqñat
eT,IgvijkñúgRkumRbwkSaRkug (municipal boards)  .
karebþCJacitþCaviC¢manGMBIRsþI50° nigburs50°kñúgRKb;kariyal½y nigmuxtMENgTaMgGs;kñúg
KNbkSKWbgðajGMBIqnÞ³edIm,ITTYl)ansmPaBBitR)akd. KNbkSeCOCak;fa RsþIk¾GacdwknaMdUcbursEdr.
dUecñHvaCaerOgyutþiFm’ nigsmehtuplkñúgkarEdlmancMnYnburs50° nigRsIþ50°CaGñkdwknaMkñúgKNbkS.
edImI,TTYl)anRsIþbEnßmkñúgmuxtMENgdwknaM KN³kmμaFikarkNþal KNbkSneya)ayRkugFM
(county  parties)    KNbkSRkug (municipal  parties)  caM)ac;RtUvGnuelamtamkareRCIserIs nig

karEtgtaMgrbs;KNbkS. RsIþRtUv)aneKesñICalkçN³RbBn½§edIm,ITTYl)anmuxtMENg dUecñHeyIg)aneRbI

R)as;CMnajénsmaCikrbs;eyIgtamviFIl¥bMputEdlGaceFIVeTA)an. vaCakarTTYlxusRtUverog²xøÜnrbs;
KNbkSRkug (municipal  and  county  parties)    edIm,IFanafa lkçnþik³Tak;TgnwgtulüPaBeynD½rRtUv
)aneKeKarBtam.
karGb;rM nigkarbNþúHbNþal KWCaKnwøHmYyeq<aHeTAkan;karseRmc)aneKaledArbs;eyIg . cMNuc
enHmanqøúHbBa©aMgkñúgEpnkarskmμPaBenH. karksagsmtßPaBpþl;nUvcMeNHdwg nigPaBeCOCak;EdlCa
ktþasMxan;edIm,ImanskmμPaBrs;revIkkñúgneya)ay TTYlmuxtMENgCaGñkdwknaM nigRtUv)aneKykcitþTuk
dak;kñúgneya)ay.
eyIgCMruy[KNbkSRkug (municipal  and  county  parties)    begáItEpnkarskmμPaBsRmab;
smPaBeynD½r edImI,[sßab½nTaMgmUlGaceFIVkarrYmKañ edIm,I[mansmPaBkñúgKNbkS.
1- tYnaTIbNaþjRsIþ
karerobcMeT,IgvijénclnaRsIþ nigkargarsmPaBeynD½rrbs;KNbkSRtUv)aneFIVeT,IgenAsmaC
kñúgqñaM2005 edIm,I[mankarpøas;bþÚrrebobeFIVkargar. bNþajkñúgsßab½nKNbkSmantYnaTIxusBIkargar
GgÁkarÉkraCü.

eKalneya)ayeynD½r nigkarpþl;GMNacneya)aydl;®sþIenAkm<úCa TMB½r 18

 eKalkarN¾ENnaMsRmab;KNbküBlkrn½revsSn¾ KWCaeKalbMNgrbs;bNþajRsIþ³
: bNþajRsIþnwgkøayCakmøaMgclkrmYy edIm,Idak;bBaðaneya)ayrbs;RsIþenAkñúgrebobvar³ ¬bNþaj
RsIþkñúgkareRCIserIs Gb;rM nigelIkTwkcitþRsþITaMgGs;rbs;KNbkSkñúgkargarneya)ay CaBiesskñúgmux
tMENgdwknaM¦. RsIþTaMgGs;kñúgKNbkSnwgRtUv)anpþl;»kas[cUlrYmkñúgbNþajRsþI }.
bNþajRsIþnwgkøayCa»kasmYysRmab;RsIþTaMgGs;enAkñúgKNbkS ehIybNþajenHnwglubbM)at;
Kmøat RBmTaMgPaBxusKñaenAeBlEdlsmaCikKNbkSkøayCaGñktMNag nigCabNþajeRCIserIssMrab;
smaCikRsIþ.
AUFmannarIEdlmaneTBekaslüEdlsßabn½KNbkScg;eFIVkarCamYy. bNþajRsþInwgshkarCa

mYyAUFTaMgxagskmμPaB TaMgxagneya)ay.
bNþajenHRtUvEtebIkcMhCakEnøgbMeBjbEnßm elIkTwkcitþ nigBiPakSaGMBIneya)ay.
sßab½nbNþajKNbkS KWCaTRmg;sßab½nrs;revIkmYyEdlpþl;[KNbkSRkug (municipal  and 
county parties)nUvesrIPaBTak;TgniwgreboberobcMkargar nigbNþajrbs;BYkeK.

bNþajenHnwgepþatelIkarbNþúHbNþal nigkarksagsmtßPaB BIeRBaHxøÜnKwCaGñkpþl;cMeNHdwg

nigPaBeCOCak;. bNþajRsIþnwigkøayCakMlaMgclkrmYykñúgkarsakl,gTRmg;fμI²énkarCYbCuMkñúgKNbkS.
vb,Fm’énkarCYbCMuKYrEtkMNt;edaykarebIkcMhr nigkarcUlrYm. RKb;kic©RbCMuTaMgGs;rbs;KNbkSKYrEt
manema:gcab;epþIm nigema:gbB©ab;. KNbkSTMenIbRtUvEtbMeBjTRmg;TaMgenH. vb,Fm’rbs;smaCikGacrYm
cMENktamry³smtßPaB nigqnÞ³ RBmTaMgkareRbIR)as;eBlevlasmRsb.
c,ab;rbs;KNbkSk¾pþl;nUveKalkarN¾¾ENnaMsRmab;bNþajRsI nigkargarrbs;xøÜnkñúgKNbkSpg
Edr. eKalbMMNg karerobcMesdækic© nigkarTTYlxusRtUvenARKb;fñak;TaMgGs;énKNbkS KW manBiBN’naenA
TIenH. enAfñak;Rkug (county  level)  RBmTaMgfñak;kNþal   TTYlxusRtUvEpñkrdæ)al cMeBaHkargarkñúg
bNþajRsþI tamry³fvika nigFnFanrdæ)alpÞal;xøÜnrbs;BYkeK.
2- ]bkrN¾
KNbkSRkug (Municipal Parties)
KNbkSRkug KWCacMNuckNþaleq<aHeTAsmPaBeynD½r. RKb;KNbkSRkugTaMgGs;KYrEtbegáIt
EpnkarskmμPaBRbcaMqñaMsRmab;smPaBeynD½r ehIybBa¢ÚneTAKNbkSneya)ayRkugFM (county 
parties)  enAdMNac;cugEx]sPa. RkumRbwkSaKYrEtTTYlxusRtUvcMeBaHsmPaBeynD½renAkñúgr)aykarN¾

RbcaMqñaMeTAelIKnøwHsMxan;rbs;EpnkarskmμPaBEdlepþatelIsmPaB.
   KNbkSRkugFM(County  parties)  mankarTTYlxusRtUvelIhirBaØvtßú nigrdæ)alsRmab;kargar
smPaBrbs; KNbkSRkug (Municipal  parties). vKÁbNþúHbNþalmansar³sMxan; edIm,ITTYl)annUv

eKalneya)ayeynD½r nigkarpþl;GMNacneya)aydl;®sþIenAkm<úCa TMB½r 19

50¼50. :karepþatcMeBaHRsIþ : KW karpþl;nUvkarykcitþTukdak; nigkarGb;rMya:gl¥Edlmunicipal parties 
KYrEterobcMya:gtic[)an1dgkñúg1qñaM. etIvasmRsbEdrb¤eTEdl municipal  parties eFIVkarrYmKña
edIm,Ipþl;vKÁbNþúHbNþalenAtamtMbn; nigskmμPaBepSg.
KNbkSRkug (Municipal Parties)³
 erobcMeBlevlasMrab;vKÁbNþúHbNþal nigKeRmagenAmUldæansRmab;smPaBeynD½r.
 GñkTTYlxusRtUvsRmab;karsRmbsRmYlskmμPaB dUcenHRKb;KañGaccUlrYmenAkñúgKNbkS
 RbFanRkumRbwkSamUldæanTTYlxusRtUvsRmab;karerobcMkarRbCM unigrebobvar³RBmTaMgesñIkar
GegátelIrdæ)al faetImanlkçN³l¥smRsbeTAnwgyuT§saRsþkargaredIm,I[RsIþ nigbursman
lkçN³gayRsYlkñúgkarcUlrYmenAkñúgGgÁPaBEdlRtUv)aneKe)aHeqñatEdrb¤eT.
 begáIt[manGasydæanTMnak;TMngrvagGasydæaebkçnarIenAkñúgRkum nigsmaCikRsIþenAkñúg
KNbkSRkug.
 CUndMNwgdl;KN³kmμaFikare)aHeqñat¼KN³kmμaFikarEtgtaMgrdæFmμnuBaØ KNbkSnwgesñI
KN³kmμaFikarEsVgrkebkçPaBRsIþ enAkñúgmuxtMENgfñak;dwknaMEdlRsIþminmankEnøg.
KNbkSepSgeTot (NA Parties)
County Party mankarTTYlxusRtUvCacMbgsRmab;bNþajRsIþenAkñúg County . County party

GacbegáItbNþajenAfñak;tMbn;CakEnøgEdlBYkeKyl;facaM)ac; nigmanlkçN³smRsb. KNbkSepSg

eTotk¾mantYnaTIsMxan;enAkñúgskmμPaBenAkñúg county nigerobcMEpnkarskmμPaBsRmab;smPaBeynD½r
nigbkRsayelIsmPaBeynD½rkñúgr)aykarN¾RbcaMqñaM. County party k¾mankarTTYlxusRtUvelIhriBaØvtßú
nigrdæ)alelIbNaþjRsIþpgEdr.
RKb;RsIþenAkñúgKNbkSBlkrnwgTTYl)anvKÁbNþúHbNþal ehIyCounty party mantYnaTIedayET,k
enAkñúgkartamdan.
KNbkSRkugFM (COUNTY PARTY):
 begáIt Gnuvtþ nigkarvaytMélvKÁbNþúHbNþalenAkñúgkic©shkarCamYy Municipal Parties
 bEnßmsRmbsRmYlkarbNþúHbNþalsRmab;smaCikRsIþ GñktMNagEdlRtUveRCIserIs[eK
e)aHeqñat[ nigGñktak;Etgc,ab;.
 FanakñúgkarbegIátbNþajsareGT,icRtUnic ( e-mail ) nigPñab;sareGT,icRtUnicrbs;smaCik
 erobcMsnñisITsRmab;RsIþenAkñúg County edIm,IelIkkm<s;eKalneya)ay CMrujsmPaB nigeFVI[
KNbkSTTYl)anPaBesμIPaB.
 bRgYbbRgYmRkumRbwkSa County edIm,ITTYlxusRtUvkarbegáItTRmg;GgÁRbCMuelIrebovar³ RBmTaMgesñI
eKalneya)ayeynD½r nigkarpþl;GMNacneya)aydl;®sþIenAkm<úCa TMB½r 20
 GegátelIrdæ)alfaetImanlkçN³l¥smRsbeTAnwgyuT§saRsþkargaredIm,I[RsIþ nigbursman
lkçN³gayRsYlkñúgkarcUlrYmenAkñúgGgÁPaBEdlRtUv)aneKe)aHeqñatEdrb¤eT.
 bNþajRsIþenAkñúg County RtUvCMrujkarbegáIt[bNþajGñktMNag. eKalbMNgKWedIm,IelIkTwkcitþ
[GñktMNagEdlRtUv[eKe)aHeqñat nigbegáItkEnøgRbCMuedIm,IBiPakSaelIbBaðaneya)ay nigkar
pøas;bþÚrbTBiesaF.
 kareRbI karbegáItbNþaj nigbegáItyutþaFikarenAkñúgKNbkSenAkñúgmUldæan edIm,ICH\T§iBl nig
[
begáItrebobvar³.
RkumdwknaM
RkumdwknaMbNþajRsþInwgCakmøaMgenAkñúgkic©xitxMRbwgERbg edIm,GnuvtþkarRbCMuseRmccitþrbs;
County. RkumdwknaMnwgBRgag nigGnuvtþEpnkarskmμPaBsRmab;smPaBeynD½r nigrdæaPi)alkNþaledIm,I

TTYlxusRtUvcMeBaHsmPaBeynD½renAkñúgr)aykarN¾eTAkan;smaC. RkumdwknaMmansar³sMxan;enAkñúg
skmμPaBEpnkar nigkic©shRbtibtþikaredIm,IelIkTwkcitþ nigcUlrYmpþl;nUvbNþajl¥ nigRbkbedaykar
GnuvtþenAkñúg County nigkarEcgrMElkbTBiesaFBIsaßb½n.
smaCikKNbkSBlkrmannUvFnFanEdlmanlkçN³rwgmaMTaMgenAkñúg nigeRkAKNbkS. TaMgenH
nwgpþl;[KNbkSenHGaceronsURt TMnak;TMng nigbegáItPaBCitsñiTñrvagKñaeTAvijeTAmk. dUcenH
eyIgnwgbegáItEpnkarbgðat;beRgon karRtYtBinitü karENnaMbEnßmeTot. RsIþEdlmanbTBiesaFenAkñúg
KNbkSEdlmanPaBskmμ KWCamUEdlKMrU b¤GñkENnaMedIm,IelIkTwtcitþ nigEckrMElkbTBiesaF. etI
eyIgGacEfrkSaRsIþEdlmanmuxgarsMxan;EdlCaTMnukcitþsMrab;KNbkS nigeRbIR)as;bTBiesaF nigcMeNH
dwgBYkeKya:gdUcemþc ?
kareRCIserIskarGnuvtþRsIþEdlenAfñak;elIRtUv)anEtgtaMgCaGciéRnþy¾ nigbegáIteLIgsRmab;
County TaMgGs;.

bNþajRsIþP¢ab;nigKNbkSneya)aynwgebIkpøÚv edIm,IbBa©ÚlnUvbBaðaneya)ayrbs;RsIþenAkñúg
rebobvar³ . enAkñúgqñaM2008¼2009 bNþajRsIþnwgeFIVkarCak;lak;elI³
 TTYl)annUvkarbg;éføesμIKñaTaMgfñak;mUldæan nigfñak;kNþal
 karKMramKMEhg karebotebonekrþ×xμas;
 GMeBIhigSakñúgRKYsar
 Heldagskolen
 edIm,ITTYl)annUvGnusBaØasþIBI {RsIþ }rbs;GgÁkarshRbCaCatibBa©ÚleTAkñúgc,ab;rbs;
RbeTsn½revsSn¾.

eKalneya)ayeynD½r nigkarpþl;GMNacneya)aydl;®sþIenAkm<úCa TMB½r 21

 RkumdwknaM nigkariyal½yKNbkSKYrEt³
 begáItkmμviFIbNþúHbNþalEdlCMruj[mansmPaBeynD½r nigcMeNHdwgEpñksßabn½
nigkardwknaM.
 karGnuvtþRsIþfñak;dwknaMenAkñúgkic©shRbtibtþikarCamYy County Party
 bNþajRsIþRKUbegÁal karepþatelIRsIþ
 begáItsniñsITCati Gere sikçasala evTikaBak;B½n§elIbBaðaRsIþ
 karcUlrYmskmμPaBenAkñúgkmμviFIBiPakSa
 bnþkarRtYtBinitü¼kmμviFIsRmab;RsIþenAkñúgKNbkS. mUldæanbTBiesaFn¾rbs;
smaCikbNþajRsIþenAkñúgRsIþCaGñkdwknaM.
 pþl;B½t’manelIkic©RbwgERbg nwgPaBeCaKC½ytamry³smaCikvibpt www.dna.no
 eFIVkargarP¢ab;RsþIEdlmancMnYntic nigCMrujkarRbQmrbs;BYkeKenAkñúgkic©xitxMRbwg
ERbgCamYyRbeTsepSg²eTot.
 begáIt nigpþl;B½t’man sþIBI taragbgðajsmPaBeynD½rsRmab;RbFan nigKNbkS
 begáIt[mannUvkarTTYlDICIf½rEdlsßabn½GacEckrMElknUvkarcMNayesμIPaB
 ekorKrfñak;dwknaMenAkñúgbNþajRsIþya:gtic[)an1dgkñúg1qñaM
 tamdanelIRsIþEdlmanmuxgarCaecAhVayRkug b¤ecAhVayRkugrg
 ekorKrsmaCikEdlCafñak;dwknaMRsIþenA County EdldwknaMkarRbCMu KN³kmμaFikar
RbtibtiþedIm,IBinitüemIleLIgvijnUvbBaðabc©úb,nñ.
 eFIVkarsÞg;mtielIcMnYnRsIþEdllaElgBIrdæFmμnujenAkñúg counties and municipalities
 begáInkaryl;dwgsþIBI cMeNHdwg karebotebonekrþ¾xμas;enAkñúgKNbkS.
]bsm<n§½TI2
skmμPaB niglT§plénkmμviFIRsþIGaceFVI)an
bc©úb,nñ smaKm GgÁkarminEmnrdæaPi)alCati nigGnþrCatimYycMnYn)ancUlrYmKaMRTkarbegáIt
bNþaj®sþI smaKmCYyxøÜnÉgkñúgkic©kargar®sþI nigkumar RBmTaMgmankmμviFIkñúgkarCMruj BRgwgsmtßPaB
nigpþl;»kas[®sþI)ancUlrYmy:agTUlMTUlaykñúgvis½yneya)ay nigKaMRT[®sþImansiT§ibeBa©jmtikñúgkar
GPivDÆn_sgÁmCati nigsiT§iQreQμaHe)aHeqñat. edayELkxumE®hVl)aneFVIskmμPaBelIKMeragmYy
cMnYnEdlBak;B½n§nwg®sþI dUcCa KMeragsþIBI {®sþIGaceFVI)an nigkarpþl;GMNacdl;RsþIkñúgkareFVIesckþI
seRmccitþ }edIm,IcUlrYmBRgwgGMNac®sþI EdlCaRkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat; Rsuk xNн emPUmi GnuPUmi smaCikPUmi
eKalneya)ayeynD½r nigkarpþl;GMNacneya)aydl;®sþIenAkm<úCa TMB½r 22
m®nþImUldæan skmμCnKNbkSneya)ay skmμCnGgÁkareRkArdæaPi)al nigelIkTwkcitþ®sþI[cUlrYmkan;Et
eRcInEfmeToteTAelIkarksagTMnukcitþ pþl;nUvkareronsURtGMBIviFanénkargarneya)ay nigpþl;nUvPaB
Gg;Gackøahandl;®sþIedIm,IbeBa©jmti nigcUlrYmkñgú dMeNIrkarsMerccitþ. cab;BIBak;kNþal qñaM2008
KMeragenH)aneFVIskmμPaBenAextþcMnYn3 KW extþkNþal extþtaEkv nigextþkMBg;FM nigcab;BIqñaM2009rhUt
dl;bc©úb,nñ xumERhVl)anBRgIktMbn;eKaledArbs;xøÜncMnYn5extþ KW extþkMBg;FM extþkMBg;qñaMg extþkMBg;cam
extþtaEkv nigextþRBHvihar eday)aneFVIskmμPaBcMnYn30Rsuk. tamry³KMeragenH xumERhVl)an
eFVIkarbNþúHbNþalcMnYn30vKÁdl;RsþI dUcCa RkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat; EdlmansmasPaBmkBIKNbkS
neya)ayEdlmanGasn³enAkñúgsPa nigRkumRbwkSa XMu sgáat; Pñak;gar¼ skmμCnKNbkSneya)ay
bU:lIsmUldæan emPUmi GnuRbFanPUmi smaCikPUmi mRnþIkic©karnarI Rsuk XM;u GPi)alrgRsuk RKUbeRgon
skmμCn¼buKÁlikGgÁkareRkArdæaPi)al srubcMnYn901nak; esμInwg 100%CaRsþI nigcgRkgbNþajRsþI)an
cMnYn 104nak;; EdlmkBIKNbkSRbCaCncMnYn59nak; KNbkSsmrgSIúcMnYn19nak; KNbkSneratþm
rNb£TæicMnYn02nak; KNbkShVú‘nsiunbiuccMnYn06nak; KNbkSsiT§imnusScMnYn01nak; mRnþImUldæancMnYn 08
nak; buKÁlikGgÁkar nigskmμCnxumERhVlcMnYn 09nak; RbeyaCn_[bNþajRsþITaMgenaHeFVIskmμPaBenA
tamPUmi XuMrbs;xøÜn dUcCa pþl;karyl;dwgdl;RbCaBlrdæCaBiessRbCaBlrdæCaRsþItamry³karGb;rM
pSBVpSayÉksarGb;rMxumERhVl cUlrYm nigBiPakSakñúgevTikasaFarN³RsþI tamdan nigXøaMemIlGMBI
sßanPaBRsþIRkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat; elIkeLIgnUvbBaðaRsþI nigkumareTARkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat; nigCMruj[mankar
edaHRsay.l. nig.l. elIsBIenHeTot xumERhVl)anerobcMCaevTikasaFarN³ sþIBI {RsþIGaceFVI)an}
edIm,IBiPakSa nigrkdMeNaHRsaybBaða®sþI nigkumar)ancMnYn15elIk manGñkcUlrYmsrubcMnYn904nak;
kñúgenaHmanRsþIcMnYn647nak; esμInwg 71/57% .
CalT§pleyagtamkarsikSaRsavRCavrbs;xumERhVlqñaM2010 bgðajfa 78/2°énRsþIEdl
TTYl)ankarbNþúHbNþaleqøIyfa BYkKat;mankarCMruj[mankaredaHRsaybBaðaRsþI nigkumar elIkTwkcitþ
nigGb;rM pSBVpSay[®sþIecHsMGatxøÜn [®sþIeTAmNÐlsuxPaB [kumarcUleron siT§iRsþI tYnaTIRsþI CMruj[
emPUmi nigKN³kmμkar smaKmPUmiCYyedaHRsayCMelaHbþIRbBn§ nigKNbkSrbs;xøÜnpgEdr. tYy:ag
elakRsI exov pn enAPUmiGgÁetñatxagekIt XMuGgÁtaesam RsukRtaMkk; extþtaEkv CasmaCikkKNbkS
hV‘únsuInbuic )anelIkeLIgfa {kalBIéf¶TI16-17 Exmifuna qñaM2010 eBlRbCMuenAKNbkS GgÁRbCMumin)an
elIkBIbBaða®sþI nigkumareT xJMúk¾)anTamTar[eKelIkbBaða®sþI nigkumarCarebobvar³ GgÁRbCMuyl;RBm
[dak;bBaðaenHbBa¢Úlkñúgrebobvar³}. \LÚvenH ´)anbegáItbNþajRsþIKNbkSneya)aycMnYn 8PUmi enAkñúg
XMurbs;´.

eKalneya)ayeynD½r nigkarpþl;GMNacneya)aydl;®sþIenAkm<úCa TMB½r 23

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GaceFVI)an kargarrbs;BYkKat;manPaBl¥RbesIrCagmun. BYkKat;eFVIkaredayeCOCak;elIxøÜnÉg. enAkñúg
GgÁRbCMuBYkKat;GacCECkBiPakSa nigdwgBImeFüa)ayedaHRsaybBaða }. Cak;EsþgkBaØa sIun saemOn Gayu
38qñaM rs;enAPUmixøaRkhwmk XMuRkBMuQUk RsukekaHGENþt extþtaEkv mantYnaTICamRnþIkic©karnarI
RsukekaHGENþt CasmaCikKNbkSRbCaCnkm<úCa. kBaØaFøab;)ancUlrYmkñúgvKÁbNþúHbNþalkmμviFIRsþI
GaceFVI)an nigkarpþl;GMNacdl;RsIþkñúgkareFVIesckþIsMerccitþ kalBIéf¶TI16-18 Extula qñaM2009
kBaØa)anmanRbsasn_fa }BImun´eGoneRcIn nigminsUvh‘anniyayb¤k¾beBa©jmtienAkEnøgeFVIkareT eRkayBI
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eTotfa } vKÁbNþúHbNþalenHmansar³sMxan;Nas;eRBaH)anpþl;cMeNHdwgfμI Éksar CaBiess)anbegáInPaB
køahandl;´ }. kBaØa)anykcMeNHdwgenHeTApSBVpSaydl;RbCaBlrdætamshKmn¾rbs;Kat; tamry³
karRbCMuPUmi karRbCMuRkumRbwkSaXMu CaBiessenAkEnøgeFVIkarrbs;Kat;. Kat;niyaybnþeTotfa } \LÚvburs
enAkEnøgeFVIkarrbs;´cab;epþImKaMRT´ ehIysresIrfaRsþI\LÚvkøahan nigecHbeRgonRsþI²KñaÉg }. kalBI
éf¶TI30 Exvic¢ika qñaM2009 ´)anpSBVpSaycMeNHdwgenH nigÉksarGb;rM dUcCa esovePArUbPaB sÞIkX½r
nigesovePAsMNYr-cMelIyrbs;xumERhVlenAkmμviFIpSBVpSaysuxPaBbnþBUC nigGMeBIhwgSakñúgRKYsarenAkñúg
XMuRkBMuQUk. emeronEdl´pSBVpSayKWeynD½r karts‘Umti nigbMpusesckþIkøahankñúgkareFVIesckþIcitþkñúg
kic©karsgÁm nigQreQμaHe)aHeqñat.
\LÚvenH RsIþ²Edl)ancUlrYmvKÁpSBVpSayrbs;´ h‘anQreQμaHe)aHeqñatCabNþajRsþIPUmi nigCa
tMNagRkumRsþI ¬Gñkkan;R)ak;snSMkñúgPUmi ¦. sBVéf¶´manRkumRsþIenAkñúgPUmixøaRkhwmkr XMuRkBMuQUk BIr
Rkum ¬mYyRkumbegáItedayxøÜnpÞal;¦ ehIyTaMgBIrRkumenHmansmaCikcMnYn 50nak; ¬kñúgenaHmanRbus 8
nak;¦. BYkKat;mantYnaTIsnSMR)ak; snSMRsUv nigdaMdMNaM edIm,IbgVilCYyRsþIkñúgPUmi ehIyenAeBlRsþI nig
kumarkñúgPUmiEdlCYbkarlM)ak QWfáat; GaceRbIR)as;R)ak;snSMenH)an. minEtb:ueNÑaHbNþajRsþIrbs;´man
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sBVéf¶´manbBaðalM)akxøHedaysarqñaMenHekþAxøaMg RkumRsIþrbs;´RbmUlplRsUvsnSMmin)aneRcIn. Biess
CagenHeBl´ehARsI²kñúgPUmiRbCMumþg² BYkKat;minsUvcUlrYm CYnkalcUlrYmmincb;cugcb;edIm . Kat;
niyayfa : ´manEtqnÞ³ebIkkarRbCMu b:uEnþminmanfvikaTijGarharsMrn;sRmab;karRbCMu dUecñH´mankar
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manbMNgcgbNþajRsþIrbs;Kat;pÞal;kñúgPUmixøaRkhwmk XMuRkBMuQUk edIm,IsnSMR)ak; snSMRsUv daMdMNaM
nigpSBVpSayeynD½r nig GMeBIhwgSaelIRsþI nigkumardl;RsþI-bursenAkñúgPUmirbs;Kat;[)anRKb;Kña.

eKalneya)ayeynD½r nigkarpþl;GMNacneya)aydl;®sþIenAkm<úCa TMB½r 24

 ]bsm<n§½TI3
vtþmanGñkcUlrYmsikçasala sþIBI {karpþl;GMNacneya)aydl;RsþI nig
eKalneya)ayeynDr½sRmab;KNbkSneya)ay nigRkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat;}
tMNagKNbkS tMNagsßabn½ nigGgÁkarrCati tMNagsarB½t’man
neya)ay GnþrCati kaEstkñúgRsuk sßanIy_TUrTsSn_ viTüú
 RbCaCnkm<úCa naykdæanrdæ)almUldæanénRksYgmhaépÞ  ekaHsnþiPaB  TUrTsSn¾ CTN    viTüúRsIþ FM  
 AMARA
 sm rgSIú  Committee to Promote Women in    rsμIkm<úCa  TUrTsSn¾b:us×þ      102 MHz
    Politics(CPWP)
 siT§imnusS  Cambodia Women for Peace and  kaEstcin elx9 (CTV9)  viTüúCatikm<úCa
 hV‘únsuInbiuc 
Development (CWPD)
Cambodia Development Research Can haV  TUrTsSn¾)ay½n FM 105>75
Institute (CDRI) MHz
 kaEstcin
 Catiniym  EU
 Forum Syd  viTüú FM 96
 Gender and Development for Cambodia Cinya:va:n;)a:v MHz  
(GAD/C)
 GTZ‐PWR   kaEstcin  viTüúsemøgsh
 Khmer Youth Association (KYA)
 NGO-CEDAW sIunCIn edlI rdæGaemrik
 Oxfam Novib (VOA)
 PDP  PñMeBjeRbs

 PñMeBjb:us×þ
UNIFEM
 UNDP/SDEP
 Women for Prosperity (WfP)
 GgÁkarRkumGñkc,ab;karBarsiT§ikm<úCa
 smaCikraCrdæaPi)al

 smaCiksPa¼tMNagraRsþ

 RksYgkic©karnarI

 RkumRbwkSaXMu¼sgáat;

 sm<n§½CatiRkumRbwkSaXMu sgáat;

 bNþajRsIþxumERhVl

]bsm<n§½TI4
karcuH nigcak;pSayrbs;RbBn§½pSBVpSay
sikaçsalaenHRtUv)ancuHpSaytamTMB½rkaEstcMnYn5enAkñúgRsukKW kaEstekaHsnþiPaB rsμIkm<úCa
kaEstcin Can hVa kaEstCiny:av:an;)a:v nigkaEstcin sIunCIn edlI nigcak;pSaytamsßanIy_TUrTsSn¾
cMnYn3 KWTUrTsSn_ CTN  TUrTsSn¾b:us×þelx9 nigTUrTsSn¾)ay½n nigcak;pSaytamviTüúcMnYn3 KW viTüúRsIþ
FM102 viTüúCatikm<úCa FM 105>75 MHz nigviTüúFM 96MHz pgEdr.

eKalneya)ayeynD½r nigkarpþl;GMNacneya)aydl;®sþIenAkm<úCa TMB½r 25

eKalneya)ayeynD½r nigkarpþl;GMNacneya)aydl;®sþIenAkm<úCa TMB½r 26
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eKalneya)ayeynD½r nigkarpþl;GMNacneya)aydl;®sþIenAkm<úCa TMB½r 28
eKalneya)ayeynD½r nigkarpþl;GMNacneya)aydl;®sþIenAkm<úCa TMB½r 29
eKalneya)ayeynD½r nigkarpþl;GMNacneya)aydl;®sþIenAkm<úCa TMB½r 30
eKalneya)ayeynD½r nigkarpþl;GMNacneya)aydl;®sþIenAkm<úCa TMB½r 31