113 CTPAHIIX 3EMAJhA

Dr Hubertus von Schoenebeck tmoueoeK! UDK: 37.01

Ninhagen Ilpeson
HeMa4Ka HPI1MJbCH: 19. I 2006.
BIBLID: 0553-4569, 52 (2006), 1-2, P 153-164

KOMYHIIKAQIIJA CA )l.EQOM Y )l.OEA nOCTMO)l.EPHE*

Pe3UMe

Ilpoueue cy ce ooiooune y CBUM ctpepaua 'LOBeKOU02 JlCUUOlUa, iia U y OgHO-

CUMa ll3Meby oeue U oapacnux. llpOCGetUHUM paauuuuua je ueineoa najiiieuce ga
iipuxeaiiie HOBUHe y oiiuuiietey 'LOBeKa U cecilia. iiocetino OHe «oje ce IUllLlY /jQfjJJX~
Qf)HQJ:Jl ca geUOM. Tlpotiyhenu ceH3U6uJlUlUelU sa ae-ucja iipaea, paenoiipaeuociu u
iipujaiiien.ciiieo oeue U oopacnux CBe euute iiociiuije CIUBapHOCUt aYlueHlUU'tH02 xy-
uauuiiieiiia.
Paciue 6poj iiopoouua «oje tioausc» oeuy 6e3 eacuuuiansa u 6poj unaoux KO-
ju ucuaj» UCKycUIBa ca ilaiiipuiap xannosc ceeudiy 0 Og20BopHOClUU sa gpy202, MO-
hu Hag opvzu». OKOCHUlW uaeniiiuiiieiu« iiociiiaje Jby6aB iipeua ce6u OHaKBOM Kil-:
«ae ciiieapuo jecau. l1C1<YCluBeHo je ociiopeua XHlJOlUe3a: 'LOBeKje homo educandus.
Y iiociiiuooepnosc ceeiiiy ueua enaaaeuue aUCOJlYlUHUX epeouociuu. CBe je
peJl{llUUBHO, unypanusau U pa3JlU KOHCWUlUYUlUY 'LOBeKOB ceeiii.
tlUlUOCWU

Iloiiieptyuean.e HOB02 naciiiaeuutca y lUKOJlU, ilpeg yuenuuuua U poouiiiensu-

ua, iieoaioiuja peiiitco upuuehy]« jep ce UIO uctcasy]e ocehau.uua 1I iioeepen.eu. Ba-
J/CHOCW uctcpeuociiiu, iipeuciiuuiuean.a iupaauuuonannux tieoaiouucux uaeana,
JlU'IHUX epeonociiiu U iipeapacyaa iiociuaje pa3YMJbUBO iiie« y iioctiiiieaaiouucoj
iiepciietciuueu.

KJbY'IHe pe-iu: aeiiie, paeuoupaeuociii; ayiiieniiiunnociii, iioaciuuuan.e. Ami-

cation, iiociiiuooepna, HO~ll OgHOCU

1. nO)J,CTH~aTH yMCCTO BacnHTaBaTH

Ko je y CTBapl1 npsa nourao na nnejy na ce neua Mopajy sacmrranarn? Ileua

cy TY, 'ry onpacna, P,PYlllTBO je TY, fipojne Bpep,HOCTI1, opujerrraunje, orpaun-ieu,a,
113a30Ull. Cue je crtpevno sa onaj MOMeHaT xana nere 6yp,e poheuo. )KlIBoTHa
aaarrrypa MO)Ke na no-rue. Pomrren,a sone CBOjy neuy, OHlI cy ~bllMa pecypcn 11

Pcrpepar ca Mcl)YlIapollllc xonrpcpennujc: Ptneujan.e k"OMY"U/(({!/UOIUX «ovnemenuuja I/OCI1W6I1Uk"O u yueuu-

«a, Jaronuna 23-24. 9, 200S. ronnuc.

153
 DE,D,AfOUIKA CTBAPHOCT, LII, 1-2 (2006), Hom! Call

yrexa, nOApllIKa 11 OCJIOHau,; CBe llITO 11M je y cBeTy nOTpe6HO, L[eMy jam 11 aacnn-
Talbe?
)J,aKJIe: sacrnrran,e je HeUITO BI1Ule OA caMopa3YMJbI1BOCTI1. Bacnuran,e je
HCIlJTO aapo-nrro, Bacmrran.e je 3aAaTaK 11 HaJIOr na ce 6pl1He a TOMe na neua
ycnenajy. )J,a nocrany npane, nytrospenae JIlflIHOCTI1, Bacmrran,e npencrunn,a jCA-
Hy KyJITypOJIOlliKy 11 U,I1BI1JII13au,l1jcKy MI1Cl1jy: OA neue cTBapaTI1 JbYAe, 06pa30Ba-
I'll I1X, rpopvapa'ra, yCMcpaBaTI1, flPCHOCI1TI1 11M npane BpeAHOCTI1 11 HaBI1KaBaTI1 I1X
na noaauraa,e xoje he I1X y 'fHHI1TI1 cnOC06HI1M na npexorae. Bacrnrran,e je He1136c-
)KHO, 6C3 sacmrran.a 611 AOllIJIO AO xaoca 11 necpehe. Y nauarun,e apesre flOTpc6HO
je nmue, 11 npe cnera, 60Jbcr sacnaraa,a, 60Jbl1x MeTOAa, 60JI,l1x KILl1ra, 60JLI1X ce-
MI1Hapa.
Ila JIll ce y TO MO)Ke CYMlbaTI1? CBaKO 3Ha urra he ce ACCI1Tll axo sacrnrran,a
6YAe cyBI111Ie MaJIO. YKOJII1KO ce yonurre He aacrnrrana - TO je He3aMI1CJIIIBO, A KO
611 03611JbaH Morao na nobe na nnejy na je ca aacnaran.en capureiro? OBa MI1CaO je
He06wIHa II neyxtecua urana, IlPOTIIB OBaKBI1X MI1CJII1 CTOjl1 HC car-to nenarourxa
aayxa, na XI1JbaAe Klbl1ra a aacnaran.y, anraxoran 6pOjHI1X nenarora-npodiecno-
aanaua, Hero II )KllBOTHO I1CKyCTBO 11 OCBpT aa acropnjy. AJIll yrrpaso OBa aneja
rpeoa OBAe na 6YAe rrpOMIIIlIJbeHa. He, He MI1CaO a xpajy sacmrran.a UITO BOAII Y
xaoc. Hero aexa npyra Mllcao a xpajy aacmrratsa: MI1CaO xoja ornapa neoou-ran 11
KOHcTpyKTI1BaH nyr aa OApaCJIe 11 AeIW.
Ilo-mn,e ce npencrmrnaarseu CJII1Ke a nerery. OAaKJIC 0ApaCJIll saajy urra
cy neua 11 KaKO rpeoa ca ILI1Ma na ce onxone? Ko ce y TO pa3yMe 11 xora MO)KeMO
II11TaTI1? Kana cy OApaCJIll 11 CaMI1 611JII1 neua nay-nina cy OA CBOjllX pOAI1TeJLa xa-
KBa CJlI1Ka a nerery nocrojn: CJIIIKa a MJIaAOM -roaexy xoue je norpeono nacnnra-
Ibe na 611 nocno npaan 'lOBeK. AmI osne ce jasnno AOMllllIJbalbe: TO je jenna CJII1-
xa, cauo jeona cnutca, npencrasa, nacnyhaaaa,e, xanoresa. 113BecHo, OBa Xl1nOTC-
sa ce nOTBPAllJIa. CBe ce CBOAII na TO na cy neua JIll'lHOCTI1 Kojl1Ma je sacmrran.e
norpeono 11 CBaKO ce raxo nonatua. AJIll Aeu,11 HC nnure na 'ICJIy: "MeHI1 'rpefia sac-
rnrraa.e". Ilonyure, -rosex BllAI1 Ty pesenauy, naxo ona peaJIHO He nocroj 11, Hero
caxro y yofin-rajenost CXBaTalbY, y06WJajeHoj llHTepnpeTau,lljll ne'rera.
Hnrepnperauaje CJIIIKe a 'IoBeKy Mary ce csrarpara npeBa311l)eHI1M, Ha
npmrep cxnaran,e na HeKO KOje upue KO)Ke uuje 6am npann 'IOBeK, spenaa y IlOT-
nynocrn xao HeKO 6eJIe KO)Ke, Te na je nonecau sa pooa, I1JIll cxsaran.e na cy MY-
urxapua ncrrpasnuju 11 apennnja JbYAll, rra ce crora )KeHaMa He nonyurra 11360pHO
rtpaso. I1JII1 cxaaratse na cavo xpan, MO)Ke acnpasno na BOAll AP)KaBHe nOCJIOBC,
He II HapOA. I1JIll, llJIll, llJII1... Ilocroje 6pojHe npencrase a JbYAllMa. I1naK TO cy ca-
MO xanorese, CJII1Ke, unxana jour AOKa3aHe )KllBOTHe 'llllbeHI1u,e.
ITcAarOIlJKO cxnaran,e nerera anje HI111ITa npyro AOJ1I1 jCAHa TaKBa anrpo-
noriounca Xl1nOTC3a. CTBapHO ce HC MO)Ke AOKa3aTI1, ana je BpJIO npl1KJIaAHa 11
npoaepeua OCHOBa sa onxoheu.e ca Aeu,OM. )J,OK ce He nojasa nexa HOBa arrrpono-
nourxa xnnoresa II crapa, HapOAHO noyanana, AOBeAe y mrraa.e. )J,OK He nohe HeKO
KO Bll1l1C HC npaxaara nenaronrxo cxsaratse nerera 11 rrOTpa)K11 HeKll nenenaro-
llIKll nyr xa ACU,Il. 11 nahe, ITa CXOAHO TOMe, npeva HOBOj XllrrOTe311, no-rae na )Kll-
BI1. 11 HC nponana Hero ycnesa. Ynpaso 'raxsn JbYAll nocroje y nanaum,e speve.
Osu JbYAll AOJla3e 113 KOHCTpyKTI1BHe rrOCTMOAepHe y KOjOj ce pasnorrpaa-
HOCT rtpasnaje xao TeMeJb CBI1X epeHOMeHa. 3allCTa HIIKaAa HIIIlJTa He croja jenao

154
Dr Huhcrtus von Schocnchcck: KOMYHI1KAWl1A CA L~EUOM Y AOEA flOCTMOAEPHE

113HaA npyror, EeJIIJ,I1 113HaA IJ,pHaIJ,a, MYlllKap[~11 113Hal' »cena, OHI1 KOjl1 ananajy 113-
HaA nOT'll1lbeHI1X, 'lOBeK 113HaA npupone, <pI1JI030cj:ll1ja 113HaA <pI1JI030cj:Jl1jC, pCJII1-
rnja 113HaA penaruje. xyrrrypa 113HaA xynrype. A raxohe HI1 0ApaCJIl1 113HaA neue.
AKO ce napannr-aa 0 paBHonpaBHOCTI1 (jennaxoj BpeAHOCTI1) 036I1JbHO Y3Me 11 no-
CTaBI1 xao TeMCJb rana He nocrojn BI111Ie pa3JII1Ka 113Mel)y <popMl1paHOr '[OBeKa
(onpacnor) 11 jotu He <popMl1paHOr 'IOBeKa (nerera), Hero ce 060je nocsrarpajy na
I1CTOj nnarrpopraa, nnarcpopua 3peJIOr '[OBeKa. Ha TOj nJIaT<popMI1 BI111Ie HCMa Me-
CTa aa MI1Cl10HapCKI1 OAHOC KOjl1 je y OCHOBl1 csaxor sacrurran,a.
OApaCJlI1 I1Majy CBOj I1AeHTI1TeT, neua I1Majy CBOj I1AeHTI1TeT. Kao 11 YBeK,
Ibl1XOB I1I,eHTI1TeT ce pasanja 11 MO)Ke na ce passaja. OH 110CTOjl1, l1 rropen CB\,fX
pa3JII1'Il1TOCTI1 I1l1aK je jennaso spenau. Ilonaaehn OA osor peaJIHO nocrojeber
I1AeHTl1TeTa AOTl1'IHOr onpacnor 11 pCaJIHO nocrojeher l1AeHTI1TeTa AOTl1'lHOr nere-
ra ycnocrasn.ajy ce 0AHOCI1 113Mel)y lbl1X. On JIl1'lHOCTI1 xa JIl1'IHOCTl1, 01' I1I~eHTI1Te­
ra xa I1AeHTI1TeTY, OA Ja ka Ja. OI\paCJlH Tpa)K11 CBOj nyr xa Ael'eTy - nonaaehu oA
ce6e, yHOCl1 ce6e 11 oc0611He (Facetten) csoje JIl1'lHOCTl1 y OAHOC ca AeTeToM OHaKO
KaKO y onpebeuou TpeHyTKy xohe 11 MO)Ke. OH npu TOM He MI1CI10Hapl1, HI1TI1 sano-
sena, He caseryje, HI1TI1 npauea.yje JIyKaBCTBa. OH je ayretrra-tan, <pJIeKcI16HJIaH,
npanarobaaa ce caryaunjn: OH je ynpaso TaKaB KaKaB jecre, C MaHaMa 11 HeAOCTa-
I'I1Ma, MoryhHocTI1Ma 11 orpann-ieu.aaa, rpannuana 11 nanava.
OApaCJIl1, xoja He noce nmue y ce6H nenarouncy CJIHKy 0 IWTeTy, KOjl1 ce6e
cave 11 CBOjy JIH'IHOCT He rnenajy Kp03 HeKl1 nenarourxn 3aXTeB, xojn nonajnpe
npeyanuajy OArOBopHOCT aa J\CTe, KOjC cy OHI1 C3MI1, KOjH csoje CpCJ\I1111Te HMajy y
CC611, a He 3aJlO)KCHO y nerery, TO cy APyK'll1jl1 0IWaCJlI1 OA OHI1X KOjH cvarpajy na-
)KHHM - nenarounce 33XTeBe. Y nocTMOAepHI1 nocroje ef3HCTeHIJ,l1jaJlHa mrrassa
xoja osioryhyjy KOHCTpyKTI1BHy opujenraunjy y csery paBHonpaBHOCTI1: .Ko cav
ja- urra xohy na 6YACM?" .Jllra cy Moje JIl1'IHe BPCWIOCTI1 y nocrojehoj upenno-
cnoj pa3HOJIIIKOCTI1?" A HaMehe ce H cnenehe mrrarse: .Ko Cl1 'I'll?" Onaj 0ApaCJIII
I1pen03H3je y rurran.y: .Ko caM ja y 3ajeAHH'IKOM )KI1BJbelbY ca AeIJ,OM?" A3 OH Y ce-
611 BI1111C He HOCI1 CJlI1KY 0 nerery xao 611hy xoje 'rpefia B3CI111TaBaTI1 (homo educan-
dus): OH crora smue He CXBaTa ce6e xao onpacnor KOjl1 (rpeoa na) BaCI1I1TaBa. 3a
n.era He croje BI1111e jeA3H uacnpasi npyror BaCI1I1Ta'l 11 BaCnl1TaHI1K y neuarouncov
OAHOCy, Hero je pe-t 0 cycpery paBHOnpaBHI1X JlH'IHOCTI1 (Menschen) C OHC crpane
csaxor aacrnrran.a.
Ho onpacrao KOjl1 ce onpexao BaCI1I1Talba, He 3anOCTaBJba nere, 3aIllTo 611
TO rpeoano na 'Il1Hl1? Jbyfiaa npena nerery nnje HeCTaJIa aKO ce npeKI1HyJIO ca ne-
narourxnu Bl1l)elbeM AeTCTa. OH ce AaKJIe oxpehe AeTeTy xao lllTO TO 'Il1HI1 11 01'-
pacrao xojn BaCI1I1TaBa. CaMO cana 6e3 nenarouixor CTaBa 11 3aXTeBa na OA MJIaAor
-ioaeka <popMl1pa nyuoapenny JIWIHOCT, He, OH npl1JIa3H nerery xao jennax jenna-
KOM, npaaaajyhu CBe pa3JIHKe. Kao y A<ppI1IJ,H, KOA MylllKapalla H xcena, y nOJIl1TI1-
IJ,H 11 npyrue.
Ileua onaxcajy OBy ncnxonouncy npoveny. Osaj rara, OBa MaMa, OBa B3cnH-
T3'IHIJ,a, osaj HaCTaBHI1K, osaj oupacnn 3pa'IH na jenan HOBI1 Ha'IHH, HOCH IIPyK'IHjy
ncnxonouncy nopyxy, a nere paaysre osaj 06pT: "OH MH nmue He xaxce na ja TeK
rpeoa na 110CTaHeM npaan, nynoapenan 'IOBeK. A KaKO je TO Moryhe? Ilocroje
6pOjHI1 penerrru: ayroparapna, aHTHayTopHTapHH, leise faire, AeMOKpaTcKO-l1apT-
HepCKI1, a sa CBe TO nocroje MHorH xynapn: KOMeHCKH, Pyco, DeCTaJIOIJ,l1, na no-

155
 OE,lJ,AfOlliKA CTBAPHOCT, LII, 1-2 (2006), HOBH Can

MeHeMO caste aajnoanarnje. He, OH MI1 A03BOJbaBa na CXBaTI1M na caM 11 ja OA PO-

I)elha npaan nyuonpenan 'IOBeK. 11 ca OBe n0311I~l1je npnxsara onnoce ca MHOM, OA-
noce 6e3 sacrnrran,a. CBe WTO 'II1HI1 npoxcero je CTaBOM nourroaaisa. 6e3 uacnn-
raa.a 11 MI1Cl10Hapelha. la AmKI1BJbaBaM nexor xao JIWIHOCT - Y lherOBOM npacy-
CTBy 11 caM caM JII1'IHOCT. MI1 I1MaMO CJII1'IHOCTI1 11 pa3JII1Ke, KOHepJII1KTe, rpaHI1IJ,e,
otiorahyjesro ce 11 cnyranauo, KaKO TO neh 611Ba. AJII1 HI1CMO 113McI)y cc6e yTBPAI1-
JII1 UITa ce cMaTpa sacmrraa.ev."
Kaxo y npaKCI1 113rJIeAa OAHOC 6e3 sacmrran,a? IlIl1poKO nonpy-tje! PaBHo-
npanne JII1'IHOCTI1, 113 cnoje rrocrojehe 1l0311IJ,l1je OllXOAe ce Mel)yc06HO, cycpehy ce
y CBI1M CBOjl1M pa3JII1'II1TOCTI1Ma, a pe3yJITaT I:hI1XOBOr onurrersa (Miteinanders) je
TaKO pa3HOJII1K xao 11 cav )[(I1BOT.
low npe 25 roAI1Ha I1CTpa)[(I1BaHC cy 11 norsphene, y jenaoj aay-nroj CTYf\l1jl1
ca f\CIJ,OM, MoryhHocTI1 KOMyHI1Kau,l1je 6C3 sacrnrran,a. Ha oCHOBy TI1X pasyrrrara
nacrarra je "AMI1KaIJ,l1ja". Ilpeva aMI1KaTI1BHOM CXBaTalhY Of\HOCI1 6e3 aacmrraa,a
HCOrpaHJ1lICHO cy npl1MClhl1BI1, CMI1CJIeHI1 11 OA BCJII1KC novoha, KaKO sa OApaCJIc
TaKO 11 sa ACIJ,y. 3a TO BpCMC nojanana cy CC neua xoja cy CTaCaBaJIa 6C3 aacrnrra-
san-a. OHa cy nauac OApaCJIa, caxta I1Majy AeIJ,y xoja pacry 6C3 sacmrraa,a. Taxo je
HaCTaJIa jenna HOBa rpanannja.
Teopnja aMI1KaTI1BHe npaxce je unrpoxo paasnjeaa 11 nauac nocroje 1l0Y3f\a-
HI1 Of\rOBOpl1 na 6pojHa npaKTI1'IHa rmran.a. Ha npl1Mep, ysex ce 113HOBa O'ICKyjC
na aMI1KaTI1BHI1 pOAI1TeJbI1 nonyurrajy CBOjOj AeIJ,11 na uune OHO WTO cajaa OAJIy'le.
To 611 MOrJIa 611'1'11 KBI1HTeCeHIJ,l1ja CBI1X aMI1KaTI1BHI1X reopujal Y npaKCI1 je I1naK
npyx-ruje.
"CTaBI1 xany!" - .Hehy!" Mava je y KOHepJII1KTy ca CBOjOM TpOrOf\l1WlbOM
hepxov. Ilonauran.e ce mrrepnperapa. Ko llpaBI1JIHO urrrepnpe'mpa? AMI1KaTI1B-
HI1 OAroBOp rnacn: CBaKo mrrepnpernpa na CBOj Ha'lI1H. Majka je y rrpasy xao 11
hepxa. Mana xaxce hepkn caoje Bl1l)elhe CTBapl1, a hepxa MajIJ,11 csoje. Majxa TO
xaxce BI1We nyra 11 nere onroaapa BI1We nyra, a nOTOM cy ce MO)[(f\a CJImKI1JIe:
"C'raBl1hy xany" I1JII1 ,,)J,06po, 11f\11 6e3 n.e", I1JII1 ocrajy npn CBOjI1M cynporcra-
BJbeHI1M CYf\OBI1Ma 11 He CJImKe ceo Onna no npaBI1JIy onpacrao 113f\ejcTByjc na nere
Mopa na y'Il1HI1 OHO UITO OH xohe. To nnje APyK'Il1je HI1 y aMI1KaTI1BHoj nOpOf\I1IJ,I1.
Ilpa CBaKOM KOHepJII1KTy TOKOM nenau.a HC J~ewaBa ce a'rax ua yayrpaurn.a
CBeT 11 cysepemrrer nerera, )J,eTeTOBO "He" ce CXBaTa xao 113pa3 panaonpanae
JIJ1lIHOCTI1 xoja xohe na ane HeKI1M f\PYrHM rryrev KOjl1 Of\paCJII1 113 HeKI1X CBOjl1X
pasnora He A03BOJbaBa. Ilpn TOM ce pana caxro 0 AeJIaTHOM: "Y:I1HI1 TO", OAHOCHO
"He 'Il1HI1"; aJII1 He 11 llCI1XI1'IKOM: "BI1AI1W - ja caM y npasy", Y aMI1KaTI1BHOM KOH-
epJII1KTy HeMa araxa na AYWY 11 I1AeHTI1TeTnerera, 11 crora HeMa HI1 fiypne onopa-
He Of\ rora. AMI1KaTI1BHI1 KOHepJII1KT ce neurasa na npyx-rajoj paBHI1.
Ha ncaxn-ncoj paBHI1 cynporcraan.ene cy aMI1KaTI1BHa 11 TpaJ~I1IJ,l1oHaJIHa rre-
narourxa n0311IJ,l1ja. Y npBoM crry-tajy rrpasaaje ce cyaepearrrer AeTCTOBor yHyTpa-
unser csera, Of\HOC 11 pasnena xao ca 3peJIOM JIl1'1Howhy - y npyroa He nocroja
cysepemrrer yayrpaum.er CBeTa nerera, Hero sacrrnran.e 11 noy-rasan,e 611ha xoje
ce pasnaja xa 3pCJIOCTI1. AMI1KaTI1BHI1 Of\paCJII1 rrpnaaanau.eu cysepemrrera nere-
ra He nocrajy Hccnoc06HI1 aa nerrau,e; lhl1XOBO nenarse je, Mel)yTl1M, npyx-rajer
nCI1Xl1tIKor KBaJII1TeTa.

156
Dr Hubertus von Schoenebeck: KOMYHI1KAUI1JA CA D,EUOM Y D,06A rIOCTMOD,EPHE

OCJl060l)eHoM TyTopcTBa, yBI1l)aBHoCTI1 11 cnanaisa npxoca. aMI1KaTI1BHOM

OApaCJlOM nocraje HellITO npyro Moryhc: rrpaxsaran,e eMiiaiiiuje. Ha I1CTJ1 Ha lll1H
MO>KC ACTC Ona)KaTI1 onpacnor. nOllITO OHO rana HJ1jC yrposceno, HC Mopa na TPO-
unr CBOjy eaeprnjy Y ontipaua OA 0ApaCJlOr. 060jc Mory na CXBaTC peanny neon-
XOAHOCT APyror. 060jc Mory orsopeao na aanase KOJII1KO je OBOM APyrOM 311CTa
Ba>KaH a.eroa I1HTCPCC na CMOll,110HaJlHoj J1 ersacremtajanaoj paBHI1. OHI1 CC MCl)y-
C06HO pasyvejy 11 y KOHcPJlI1KTY, 11 Y n06cAI1 11 y nopasy; KO je y CTBapJ1 APyrJ1 npe-
Ma thCrOBOM casropaayveaan-y.
Onpacrao 11 ACTe ce I1HcPOPMI11I1Y 0 CBOjl1M I1HTepeCI1Ma 11 caonurraaajy
HCTOBpCMCHO CBOjC norpeoe aa CMOll,110HaJlHoj paBHH. To cc noraha HCKI1 UyT OBa-
KO, HCKI1 nyT OHaKO, -tac pe-nora J1 06jallIthCthl1Ma, -rac 6C3 pC'IJ1. Tana MO>KC na ce
noronn Aa HCKO ycne - jCAHOM OApaCJlI1 APYfl1 nyr ACTC - ami npaBJ1JlO je na jCAaH
I~pyror OCTaBC Hd MMpy. Jep norpetie ABOjC JbYAM cy peTKO jCAHaKo Ba>KHC. "OHI~a
xajne 'I'M" - TO jc 6JlM)KC. AJlJ1 TO Ba)KJ1 cavo KaA y ueirrpy KOHcPJlMKTa HHCy eran-
CTCHl\HjaJlHC I~MJlCMC: ysascanaa,e M nOCJlYllIHOCT KOjC OApaCTaO 3aXTCBa OJ\ J\CTC-
Ta, J\OCTojaHcTBo M cavonourrosaa,e xoje J\CTC O'ICKyjC OJ\ onpacnor.
Y OJ\HOCY ca J\CI~OM 6e3 sacnarau,a (erziehungfreien Praxis) KOHcPJlMKTM ce HC
peuraaajy BCJlJ1KOM MyKOM, nero ce 06WIHO paspeuraaajy caMM OJ\ cc6c saxsan.yjy-
hM CMfIaTMjCKOj CTpyKTypM aMMKaTMBHC KOMyHHKall,Mjc. To ce HC 'IJ1HM ynanpen,
HC npanpeva CC, HMTH paspahyje. AMHKaTJ1BHa CBaKOJ\HCBHtW ca J\Cll,OM ce HC op-
rannsyje (inszenieren). OHa npencraan.a ayTcHTHtIHO nasan.e 11 npanarse paBHO-
npaBIIJ1X naprnepa. CraJlHJ1 xapMOHII'IHII 0AHOCil ca neuou (Friede mit Kindem) J\O-
)KIIBJhaBajy ce xao nap xojn np0l13HJla311 113 aMilKaTI1BHOr J\p>Katha.

2. Illxona ca JbYACKHM JlHu,eM

Y OBOM OJ\eJhKY jc pes:
o HaCTaBHHKy J1 >KeJlCO 6IIX najnpe na ce npCACTaBIIM: ja caM nOJl())KI10 06a
J\p>KaBHa I1cnIITa - aa paspenny J1 npenxerny aacrasy - 11 6110 cau 3anOCJlCH y nBC
pa3JlWII1TC llIKOJlC xao HaCTaBHIIK. Ilpenasao caM on 5. no 10. paspena MaTCMaTII-
xy, 6110JlOrHjy, epH311KY 11 TCXHI1'IKO. Y'ICHI1ll,H cy MC 6J1paJlH sa csor 3acTynHI1Ka y
lIlKOJlCKOM KOJlCKTHBy. To cy Moja I1cKycTBa y HaCTaBI1.
"C KOjHM npaBoM... T"
)KCJlCO 6HX nl1TafbCM "C KOjHM rtpasoxt?" na rroxpeaeu TCMCJbHC Up06JICMC
LIIKOJIC. npl1TOM caM CBCCTaH na CC MOjC uneje Mory On6all,I1TI1 xao HcnpHXBaTJbI1-
BC IlJlH MathC BPCAHI1 CTaBOBI1. YnpKOC TOMC CMaTpaM AonYllITCHI1M CBa pa3MI1-
tun-au-a 0 llIKOJlI1 11 I-II1KOr HC OMaJlOBa>KaBaM; I-IHjcAHor HaCTaBHHKa, HI1 KaA caM
najornopenaja. Ilonpasyacaa CC na CBaKO M())KC MOjy nosnuajy On6aI~I1TIL Taxohe
CBaKa HaC'raBHIH~a II CBaKH HaCTaBHI1K Mory Moja pa3MI1111Jbafba J\a CXBaTC, cacny-
urajy 11 A())KI1BC xao 113pa3 HOBC 11 Hc0611'IHC nepCnCKTI1Bc.
Y OCHOBI1 MOjl1X pa3MI11I1Jbafba jc CTaB na HC nocroja HI1KaKaB crnapna no-
Ka3 3a aHTpOnOJlOlilKY nperrrocranxy aa KOjOj CC 3aCHI1Ba urxona. AHTpOnOJlOllIKa
npCTnOCTBKa rJlaCJ1: neua he iiociiiaiiiu nyuospenae JlI1'IHOCTI1. To 3Ha llH: nCl\ajoUl
uucy rryaospenue JlI1'IHOCTI1. Ileua nocrajy JlI1'IHOCTI1 nOA yTI1ll,ajcM llIKOJlC; I~I1BI1­
JlII30BaHa, KYJlTI1BI1CaHa, couajanasoaana. To 11M HC ycnesa 6C3 "cy6jcKTa, npCAII-

157
 IlE.QArOlliKA CTBAPHOCT, LII, 1-2 (2006), HOIlI1 Call

xara 11 06jcKTa", 6C3 ,,(a+6) , (a+6)" 11 6C3 XI1Jbal\Y npyrnx CTBapl1 xoje CTOjC y ua-
CTaBHI1M nporpaunua OA npnor no neccror paspena. YOBCK jc "homo educandus",
611hc KOjC BaCIUITaBa, 11 na caspa y nynonpennor xnaaa IIPYUlTBa; 3alWTaK je H
uncone, 11 3aWITaK Op,paCJlHX KOjl1 pane y IUKOJlI1,
Ja casr. MCl)yTHM, CBCCTaH H HC rrpeBHl)aM ua je OCHOBHa aIlTpOnOJIOUlKa no-
3HI\Hja: ",IJ,cI\a he iiociiiaiiiu nOTnyHc JlJ1lIHOCTI1", jenna XHnOTC3a. 11 TO cauo xurro-
TC3a, aJlJ1 HC H 'IlHbCHHI\a. OHa je p,y60KO yxopen.ena iipetuiiociuaetca nanaum.er
CBCTa 0 P,CI\H. Ja cav CC OAPCKao OBaKBor MI111IJhelna II l\ajcM npCI\HOCT J\Pyroj XI1-
nOTC3H: ,IJ,cL\a cy (aeh jecyl) spcne (vollwertige) JlH'lHOCTH. 01\ pohen,a. He MopaMO
HX 06JlHKOBaTH, IIH IIa najnporpecnanaja Ha'II1H, II He UlKOJlOM. THMc CC HCKJby'Iy-
jc 6a3J1lIHa Jlerl1'I'I1Mal\Hja IIIKOJlC. 11 OTYl\a - H3 TC n03Hl\HjC: ,IJ,cI\a cy 01\ pohersa
l\CJIOBI1TC JlJ1lIHOCTH, nacraje naran,e: "C KOjl1M npaaov?"
Ja hy 0130 IUITalhC 113JlO)((I1TI1 ca nyHo HHjaHcH 11 BCJlHKOM onny-mourhy.
OpHTOM hy KOPI1CTI1TH Al1pCKTaII rOBOp. )KCJlCO 611x OBOM HCnOCpCI\HOIlihy na ys-
IICMl1pHM 'II1TaOl\c. O'ICKyjCM 36yrncHocT H 3a6pHHyTOCT. AKo HCKO MCHC H MOjC
MI1CJlI1 01\611jc xao npoaoxarnuae 11 ancYPI\HC, nourrosahy TO. AmI xao LUTO onyja
npO'IHUIhaBa arsrocdiepy, TaKO H Moja rpvn.anana Tpc6a na OCJl060l\H yM aa KOH-
cTpyKTHBHa 11 KOpl1ClIa pa3MI1UIJhaIba. A can: Pasjaum.en,e 11 HCTI1Ha 0 LUKOJlH H
IIacTaBIII1Ky!
C KOjHM rrpasou TBPAI1TC Aa 3HaTC urra jCAaH <[OBCK rpcoa, a nrra HC rpeoa
ua MI1CJII1? "OTBOPI1 Krnl1ry, '1l1Taj Apyrl1 nacyc OI\03ro!", "OOHOBII OHO IlITO caxr
pexao!", " 11 cnpa-raj TCKCT CBOjl1M pC'II1Ma!", "KOJlI1KO jc CCAaM nyra cCAaM?",
"KYI\a TC'IC AMa30H?", .Kana, 3alIlTO, 'Il1MC, 3601' -iera, no 'ICMy, pann -rera, KYAa,
KOJlHKO nyro, 'lCMy, KOJlI1KO 'ICCTO, KOJlI1KO A06po, KOJlI1KO 6P30, ca KHMC, C KI1M
HC, C KOjl1M npanou... T" C KojHM npaaov BI1 sanesrapyjere npaao I\pyror 'IOBCKa
na MI1CJlH 0110 UITO xohe? 3auITo noruen.yjere npaso 'IOBCKa na CJl060AHO MI1CJIH?
OcpMaHcHTHo, 6C3 nOMI1CJlI1 II CJlYTIhC na ce Ty neurasa HClIlTO crpaunro? C KOjl1M
npaaoxt, 6C3 HKaKBHX cKpynyJla 3al\I1pCTC y ynyrpaum,n CyBCpCHI1TCT npyror '10-
BCKa? C KOjHM npasou pCJll1r1103I1I1M ¢aHaTI13MOM 'IJ1HOAcjcTByjcTc (zelebrieren)
UIl1pChH KyJlTypHH I1MncpHjaJlH3aM. C KOjHM npaaon nocrynare ca I\Cl\OM xao ca
IJ,pJU\I1Ma KOjC MHcHoHap HpHI\06Hja aa HCKy pennrajy H l\HBHJIH3al\Hjy? 3all11'0
CTC xao KOMyHHCTJ1lIKa naprnja -- yBCK Y npasy? IlITa aac rOHI1 y 'raj HCpCcj}JlCKTO-
BaHII 1lI0BI1HH3aM?
WTa uac CTBapHO cnpeuasa na y I\Cl\H BIiAHTC JbYAC xojn HMajy conCTBCHc
MHCJlJ1 H CBOj yHyTpalIIlhH CBCT, C Kojl1Ma CC paBHonpaBHo MmKC cTynl1TI1 y pa3ro-
BOp. WTa sac npl1MOpaBa na "nCAarOlIlKH OI\HOC" KOjl1 BaM uavehe ynory Bol)crna
H cjJopMl1parna; CBcjCAHO KOJlHKO CC TO AaHaC I1CTHl\aJlO KaO npOrpCCI1BHO. 3aTO je
1I06po na cc nOCTCnCHO nOBJla'Il1TC, jep yBCK nOCTaBJbaTC I1CTa rnrraisa H )KHBHTC
6C3 I1CTHHCKC l\yXOBHC pa3MCHC; I\Cl\Y HC BI1I\HTC KaO l\CJlOBHTC JlJ1lIHOCTH ca CyBC-
pCHHM I\YXOBHI1M CBCTOM, HCrO KaO pesepaoap KOjH Mopa 611'1'11 nanyn.en BalIIHM
3HaH,CM H nauroxt KyJlTypOM? 3aIllTo cy BaM 3aTBopCHC OlIJ1 ripen naTH,OM xojy Hd-
HOCI1TC THM JbYI\HMa nCI1XH'IKH, I1HTCJlCKTyaJlHO II I\YXOBHO. 11 npcl~ naTfuOM xojy
caMH CC6H HaHOCHTC TaKBOM 1130JIal\l1jOM.
3alllTO ce npOTI1BI1TC npOMCHH napannrsre 113Hal\-IICnOI\ y napanarxty pas-
HonpaBHOCTH H nOIIITOBalhY I1J:\CHTI1TCTa npyror? KaKO je OBa npOMCHa OJ:\aBHO YC-
nena y I\PYlllTBCHHM crpepana: IJ,pHl\II-ECJll\H, MYlllKapal\-)KCHa, 'IOBCK-nplIpOI\a,

158
Dr Hubertlls von Schoenebeck: KOMYHI1KAUI1JA CA ,IJ,EUOM Y ,IJ,OEAnOCTMO,IJ,EPHE

xynrypa-xyrrrypa, pennrnja-penaraja H MHOrHM npyrun? C KOjl1M rrpaBoM HaCTa-

BJbaTC HCTOpHjCKH rrpCBa311!)CH TOTaJII1Tapl13aM y y'l110Hl1l1,H? C KOjl1M rrpaaov CC
3aKJIHlhCTC y I1KOHC xao WTO cy KOMCHCKH, KaHT, flCCTaJIOll,l1, Pyco, Illrajnep,
MOHTCCOPI1, HI1JI, MaKapCHKO, Kopxax, <t>pCHC 11 XHJbaAY npyrnx, KOjH Y3 CBC AO-
6pc najaepe HMajy xapaxrep "Homo fabera", 'IOBCKa KOjl1 HCWTO npoH3BoAH 1'1 CBOj
npoasaon nnacnpa: BI1WC HJII1 MalhC ycneunry AClI,y no aanory APywTBa? 3alllTo
HC nacrymrre xao 'IOBCK KOjH ACJIa ayTcHTH'IHO, C OHC crpaue rrenarourxor JII1I~C­
Mcpja H MHcHoHapclba, crrOHTaHO onny-ryje H ocrsapyje JbYACKI1 OAHOC (personate
Kommunikation) 11 eerie paayve xao "Homo politicus"? C KOjl1M npanov BI1 y sanroj
uenpOMHIIIJbCHOCTI1 npeyauaare fioxcancrco nocnaa.e 1'1 oAPC!)yjCTC APyrHM JII1'IHO-
CTHMa IbHXOBY KyJITypHy H 1I,I1BHJlH3all,HjcKY npencrasy 0 6Hhy 'lOBcKa?
C KOjHM npaaou ce ornyuryjere 0 JbYACKO npaBo na CJI060AY MHlllJbClha'1
3auITo neua HC Mory na Ka)Ky UITa xohe 11 kana TO xohe? Ill'ra yCTBapH 3Ha'lI1:
"CyBHWC CTC rJIaCHH!", "Tll ca aa PCAY!", "fOBOpH pa3YMHo!", "To HC npnnana OB-
AC!" C KOjllM npaeov ce ycyhyjere na yhyrxyjere npyre JbYAC? 3awTo BOAI1TC C
OHllM "MI1P" - aepoanna par? C KOjllM npasoa cy casio saure MI1CJIll 11 saiue PC'll1
naacehe, H 3aWTO AClI,a HCMajy HllKaKBY crsapny MoryhHocT sa orrtop, aa 1l3HOWC-
IbC csor MllWJbelha 1'1 aacrynan,e CBOjl1X I1HTCpcca? C KOjl1M npaaou, y npnnujrny H
y KOHKpCTHHM cnyuajenava, na CBC 3aBHCH OA aaure 6JIarOHaKJlOHOCTfI, xao y PO-
60BJIaCHH'IKOM npyurrny? C KOjl1M npaaoxr cnpOBOAI1TC AI1KTaTYPY y y'1I10HHlI,H 11
HC nourryjere OCHOBHe BpCAHOCTI1 nevoxparnje? C KOjHM npaaou sa sac He Ba)Kl1:
"JJ,ocTojaHcTBo JII1'IHOCTH je HenOBpeAI1BO?" C KOjl1M rrpaaosr 3aAI1peTC y AOCTO-
jancrno neue fI CnpCMHI1 CTe na Ka)KeTC OHO llITO AClI,a cava MfICJle 11 xaxcy?
C KOjl1M npanov sa'rsapa're JbYAe? 3alllTo CTC 1311 Jll1l1,C xoje AP)K11 neuy sa-
TBOpCHy y MaJlI1M npocropajava? Tpl1ACCCT ocotia y jCAHOj npocropnjn OA HeKO-
JIHKO KBaApaTHI1X MCTapa, uac sa 'IaCOM no 45 MHHyTa; 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 nyra AHCBHO, 5
HJlH 6 nana HC!~CJbHO? 3alllTO AClI,a Mopajy 'II1TaBHX ACCCT rOAHHa saxaan.yjyh« na-
Ma Aa !~mKI1BJbaBajy CBaKOAHCBHO MHorc care xao na cy Y aarnopy, "IUKOJIH-3aTBo-
py" ("Teilzeitgeragnis Schule")? C Kojl1M npaaoxr HC nourryjere CJI060AY JlI1'IHOCTll
- Y craa, 'IJI. 2'1 C KOjllM npason nOACTll'lCTC II rapanryjere fI3 nana y nan OBaKBO
anocrann.aa.e? 3alllTo npncrajere na HCWTO lllTO ce 6JIaro osua-raaa xao "llCnH-
pan.e M03ra", fI ApaCTI1'IHO "y6fIjalbc nyure"? 3awTo npncrajere ua nonehy ynory
y t-ipnapcruy jennor rnraurcxor noropa aa npesacmrran,e, KOjl1 JbY!~I1Ma CJIaMa
HACHTI1TCT 11 oopahyje I1X (justieren)? C KOjHM npaaov cnpe-iaeare na JbYAH (neua)
y Hy)KAH Ha!)y 3awTHTy H yrexy KOA OHHX Kojl1Ma sepyjy H KOjH cy 11M nOTpc6HH?
AKO jCAHa CCAMOrOAll111lha neaojvnua y TOKy Tpchcr -raca )KCJUI xyha CBOjOj Maj-
I~I1, UITa sac HarOHfI na TaKBy HCJbYACKOCT, na TO HC A03BOJll1Te 6C3 "aKO" I1JII1
"aJlI1"?
C KOjl1M npaaov 3aAI1pCTC y 3aKOHOM 3arapaHTOBaHI1 cPI1311'lKI1 I1HTerpl1TCT
JII1'IHOCTI1, TaKO lllTO 3aXTCBaTC na XI1JbaAY Ha'II1Ha HCKO OAPC!)CHO nonauian,e, a
HCKO npyro aaopan.yjere? He caxto ua 'lacy cPHCKyJITypC, nnunarsa H My311'IKor,
nero TOKOM lI,CJIor WKOJlCKOr nana H aa CBaKOM xopaxy? "CCAI1! Y CTaHI1! CCAI1
Ml1plIO! He BpTH ce! He KJIHMaj ce! He oxpehu ce! Hore AOJIc! CaCTaBI1 KOJICHa!
flOKa)KH! PyKC AOJlC! CKJIOI-IH pyxy! flHWH 6p)Kc! Ilpyry pyxyl Ilaj pyxy! Pyxy ro-
pc! flOKa)KH OBaKO! Ilaj OBaMO! OCTaBI1! )..l,O!)H! HAll! HAll narano! He rrynaj aora-
Ma! He Byll,H nore: He Tp'lll! HAll 6p)Kc! He Tyll,ll ce! He fioxcaj eel He yJIa31l! He

159
 fIE)J,AfOillKA CTBAPHOCT, UI, 1-2 (2006), HOBJ1 Can

rpc611! Hc yjenajl He nn.yj! Hcnn.yaa! )KBaKy 6a1\l1! He nynaj! OTBOpl1 ycra! 3a-
TBOpl1 ycral He jCAI1! JCAI1! He I1l1j! Cana nnj] He MJba1\Kaj! He CP'lI1! Frrenaj OBa-
MO! I'nenaj 'raxro! Hc CMCj eel He uepn cc! He nesaj! He 3BIDKnl1! Hc ACPI1 cc! He
KI1KOhl1 ce! 6pl1Wl1 HOC! He cana y We! He BWIl1! Hc IIJla lIl1! Ilpn-raj rJIaCIUIjc!
[OBOpl1 TI1UlC!"
C KOjl1M npanov najere 01\CHC? Ila JIll cy sac AC1\a sa TO MOJ1l1J1a? C KOjl1M
npasou 3aXTCBaTC na BaM npyru JbYAI1 (YICHI1l\I1) Ka)[(y CBOjC MI1WJbClbC? C KOjl1M
npanoxt Tpa)KI1TC na npyra JhYAI1 I1CI1l1Cyjy CBOjC MI1CJlI1 na BamCM nanapy KOjl1 BI1
60M6aCTO Ha3l1BaTC "rrI1CMCHI1 sanarax"? C Kojl1M npaBOM ouen.yjere AClI,y, MCUIa-
TC CC Y Ihl1XOBO ocehan.e JIl1'IHC BpCnHOCTI1, 113a3l1BaTC par y noponnuaua, repare
neuy Ha caMoy6l1CTBO 360r WKOJlCKI1X CBC1~0'laHCTaBa? 3HaTC JIll CTBapHO aa KOjl1
Ha lIl1H Ihl1XOBC 01\CHC nenyjy y nopomnur na ncrtorsauatse CBYlpCrrOCTI1 11 TCJlCCHO
3J10CTaBJhalbC?
C KOjl1M npaaojr TpayMaTI13yjcTC MJlanC rsyne? 3auITo CBC TO tIl1HHTC? 3ap
IUICTC pa3YMHI1 aKanCMCKI1 rpahana; MO)[(CTC JIM na ananaanpare KOHTCKCT, na
crr03HaTC CTBapHOCT? Illra BaM 3aTBapa o-ia? HHCTC JIM n03BaHM ua nOMa)KCTC
JhYl~I1Ma, na nOnCTWICTCfbl1XOB paanoj? 3ap HCMaTC CMl\1I1aTMjc npexra nCI~I1? 3ap
HC BOJlMTC neuy? Gauuiio He yciuaneiiie UPOlUllB (peupecuenoi) cuciueua? 3aulluo
Clue Gil zapamu OGe HeXYMaHOCtUU? 3aWTO CTC TaKO HCCCH311611J1HI1? 3ap npen Ba-
Ma H!'lje CBe orsopeuo? 3ap BaM neua He Ka)[(y csaxor nana HCTHlIY 6C3 pe-ru, OHAa
H pC'IHMa? 3aWTO HC rJICAaTC y Ac'mja JIl1l1,a? 3alllTO HC otipahare naxcn.y na 11,11-
XOBy MI1MI1KY, rCCTI1KYJIa1\l1jy, na CBC HCBCp6aJlHC CI1rHaJlc? 3ap npen BaMa HI1CY
JbYAI1? A aaiue OCChaIhC? 3ap HI1CTC 6HJll1 !)aK? 3ap ce ca BaMa HHjC HCTO TaKO
nocrynano? 3ap cy nernaum,e pane II nCI1XH 'IKC nOBpCAC 6I1J1C orrpasnane? 3ap
HHCTC rraTI1JlI1? Ila JIll je saura onnaunsa narrsa 611J1a CyBHWC BCJII1Ka na 611 CTC na-
Hac Crr03HaJlI1 KaKO CTC ynpaso BI1 onaj KOjl1 TO lll1HI1 nanaurn,oj ACl~l1? Ila JlI1 jc TO
rrpHCI1J1Ha pann,a, JlYAI1J10, cYA6I1Ha? C KOjI1M npaaov...? C /WjUM upaeou... ?
Pa3YMJbl1BO je na nocrojn aJlTCpHaTI1Ba.
)KCJlCO 6I1x ua HaCTaBHHKa KOjl1 nanac paAI1 Y mKOJlI1 oxpacpan II rrOAP)KI1M.
Moja nOMoh je HaMCfbCHa npc cnera HaCTaBHI11\aMa 11 HaCTaBHI11\I1Ma KOjI1 HC 1136c-
rasajy oBaKBy I1CTI1HY KaKO jc ja BI1AI1M, KOjl1 Mory na npasuajy na TOKOM npc no-
AHCBa (y llIKOJlM), Kpmc JbYl~cKa npasa 11 yru-eraaan.ea neue sapahyjy HOBaI~.
Ko paAI1 xao HaCTaBHI1K y WKOJlI1, Mopa TO na 'Il1HI1 C jacnou cseurhy IlITa
paAI1 11 na ce nponycrn HWII1M HC Mory onpannarn. Casnan,e 0 TOMC, na ce '1I1HI1
neupasna. H na ce OHa xao TaKBa npenosnaje 11 caonurrana AC1\M 6C3 pe-nt. OOHa-
uraa.e HaCTaBHI1Ka KOjI1 3Ha UITa lll1HH je APyK'lHjC on nonauraa,a HaCTaBHI1Ka KOjI1
npen AC1\Y cryna ca jcn1UIM ayroprrrapnaa (irnperialen) CTaBOM KOjl1 npHKpI1Ba
crnapnocr. Ha HCMO rurran,e AC1\c: ,,3alllTO TO tIHHI1ll1?" OH MO)KC na OArOBopl1
I1CTO TaKO 6C3 pe-m: "Hc 3HaM Ta'lHO. MO)Kna 360r cnojc 611Orpaqmjc. Csoje Ha-
I1BHOCTI1. Moxota crora UlTO caM 0AIIOCC npyra-rnje BI1ACO 11 cana TO HC )KCJlI1M na
npOMCHI1M. 360r MHOrI1X npCnHOCTI1: HOBa1\, Moh, paAHO MCCTO, neasuja, I'OAI1Wlbl1
OAMOp. 360r CBOjl1X nneana, Jby6aBI1 npexra ACl\I1, 360r Ml1pa. MmKAa caM XTCO na
AOrrpl1HCCCM paanojy ApyUITBa. AJlM cana BI1nI1M: LJI1HI10 caxt BaM aerrpasny. 3HaM,
11 TO HC npaxpuaaer. He Ka)KCM na je TO CBC sa natue noopo. AJiM MO)KCTC na BI1AI1-
TC I1CTI1HY Mora cpua."

160
Dr Hubertus von Schoencbeck: KOMYHI1KAUI1JA CA AEUOM Y AOEA rrOCTMOAEPHE

Ileua pearyjy: "OH je nourreu. OH Y.HHH HCTO lllTO H jJ,pym HaCTaBHHIJ,H, ann
CC npyx-rnje oceha. I1aTH,a xojy OH H3a3HBa HCMa ry TC)KIlHY. OH Hac nourryje xao
nyHoBpCJ\HC nll'IHOCTI1 H xan yrpoxcasa Hac H nama rrpasa. CKnOHOCTna CC cnosna
nenpanna xoja ce 'IHHH, na je ce ruytua 11 na He )KCnH na ce nOHoBH, na ce y CBaKOM
TpCHyTKy pearyje KOHKpCTHO H 6ecKOMnpOMHCHO, canpacn HeLIITO Hc0611'IHO H
ocnooahajyhe: seo MohH je pa306n11'1CH, OHa CC MO)KC HCHalIIMHHKaHa rrpenosna-
1'11. OHO LIITO CC noraha He npCACTaBJ1>a BHIllC 'rafiy HcnOjJ,nO)KaH CyMH>H aero CBa-
xa nenpanna 11 penpecnja nocrajy CXnaTJ1>HnH, nOjJ,nQ)KHl1 npencnaruuaa.y H KpH-
Tl1IJ,l1. Bam TaK8C npouece osaj HaCTaBI-Il1K paspeiuasa CBOjOM l1CKpCHOlUhy. Ileua
TO ocehajy. Eaui TO nOMa)KC H nC'IH.
HaCnIBHl1IJ,11 ca cneruhy 0 nospenaua J1>YACKHX npaua xoje 'IHHC, BCJIHKa cy
nana sa ACIW. OHH HC cavo na ommaaajy nnejy 0 nponacrn IllKOnC, nero he Ty
anejy jCjJ,HOf' naua 11 ocrnapurn. OHH OBAc 11 JWHac yrpahyjy pasaonpaaaocr H nep-
COHaJIHTCT y HMnnl1l~HTHC TCMCJ1>C omroca ca ycrcHHIJ,HMa. I1pCKO H>HX nOIllTOBaH>C
nocrojancrsa lIlKOnCKOr nerera rrocraje CBC BHIllC KOHKpCTHO H )KHBO HCKyCTBO.
0811 nacraanann spa-re cnCIJ,Hepl1'lHl1M nOIllTOBalhCM. OHH cxsarajy Aa MO-
pajy Oi\ClbI1BaTH 11 na Ol\CHC uenajy HI1IllTa 3ajcAHll'IKO ca npCjJ,HOBaH>CM neue nero
cavo ca HopMaMa II1KOnc. 01311 HaCTaBHl1i\H cy, nopen rora, jacno OpHjcHTHcaHH;
OHI1 jawlc aa eerie; nehe 1~03BOn11TI1 na I1X I1CKopl1II1haBajy; IIHCy norpeunro CXBa-
Tl1nl1 npajaren.crso ca neuov. OHI1 cy ca CBl1M CBOjHM KpHBI1I\aMa HcnpHjaTCJ1>H,
ann uenpujaren,u KOjl1 HC ry6c 113 BI1jJ,a jJ,OCTojaHcTBo neue. OHl1 HMajy ayropirrer
KOjl1 l~ona3H 113HYTpa, KOjH Hl1!l1Ta HC npnnucyje cc611. OHH cy nOHOBO naruna xap-
MOlll1jy, yHyTpaullhy paBHOTC)Ky xoja l1X He CTaBJ1>a H3HajJ, neue, I1oCTaBJ1>ajy CC
113Hai~ ACI\C cavo na OCHOSy CTpyKTypC xoja TO 0jJ, H>HX 3aXTCBa. Y H>CHOj cny)K6II
arm HaCTaBHIIi\l1 cy y IICTOj paBHH ca ACIJ,OM II npnnacyjy lUKOnl1 OHO LIITO OHa je-
CTC, 6C3 yCTC3aH>a, naroca 11 ynenuraaan,a. TIIMC UITO snajy urra pane, OHI1 cc6c
ocnooabajy, )Kl1BC 6C3 na)KI1 11 ry6l1TKa CMI1Cna aa peannocr.
HaCTaSHI1K KOjl1 npenosuaje TC OjJ,HOCC MO)KC pa30TKpl1BaH>CM pcanHOCTI1 11
OTKpl1BmbCM J](l)Kl1 cauor cc6c J~a BI1AI1 y CpCAI1IllTy csor )KI1BOTa 11 )KI1BOTa y
UlKOJIl1. OH anje npneacrueno Ty 360r neue, OH je 'ry npe cnera aa cefie cavor, OA-
f'OBOpaH aa onpacno JlCTC KOjC je OH caM, H 6pHHC CC npe caera sa TO (onpacno) JlC-
TC: sa caxsor eerie. Ilpejaa TOMC OH je 31. I~CTC Y pa3pcjJ,y H npc nero UITO ce nOCBC-
I'll Ihl1Ma Tpl1JWCCTOPO OH CC 6pl1HC 0 cc611. Ha npnuep sa TO na CC HC jaua npexo-
pa'IcH,c rpamrue y OJIHOCY npeua H>CMy. AKo pe-m H oojaum.en,a HI1CY AOBOJ1>HII,
aKO Mon6c II onOMCHC HC nonaxcy, OH enepru-mo npl1MCH>yjc 3aCTpa1ll11BaH>C na 611
ce 3alllTI1TI10: ranaua ce rynrn y 3aMcTKy. HCMa novaher sanarxa - cnCJlI1 npjrre-
sau.e. 3a uenocnyuntocr nocrojn -nrras xaranor Ka3Hl1 OJI finarnx JlO crpornx. Ha-
CTanHl1K ce 3aJla)KC sa csoj ayTOpl1TCT ana HC UpOlUUB oeue. 11 Ta'lHO TO rapanryje
ycnex n.eronoj jJ,cnaTHOCTl1.
Osaj HaCTaSHI1K CC sarraxce sa cc6c 11 sa TO na HMa XapMOHll'IHC OAHOCC na
paJlHOM MCCTy. 11 Tl1MC IllTO CC MHOfl1M ycrynuaaa ACi\11 nehe 3aMCpHTl1 CBOjl1M
xoneraxta. OH 3aJlP)KaBa HajJ,30p. OH 3Ha rne My jc MCCTO; H>CrOBO nl16CpanHO
cxnarau.e He yTll'IC na ryonra« peanaocru: OH je y urxonu 11 Hl1rJlC na npyron MC-
CTy. OH 0JlP)KaBa 6anaHC 113MCl)y onpannannx )KCJ1>a JlCi\C na ce ca H>l1Ma nocryna
xao ca nll'IHOCTI1Ma, C jCjJ,HC crpane, II CBaKOJlHCBHI1X 3aXTCBa urxone 11 IbCHI1X
KOHKpCTHI1X sana'raxa C Jlpyrc CTpaHC. Osaj HaCTaBHI1K je peanan, pastiopar, oce-

161
 nEL~ArOIliKA CTBAPHOCT, LII, [-2 (2006), HOIlH Can

hajan H cnpeMaH na nOMOrHe OHOJIHKO KOJIHKO MQ)Ke y onpebemn« OKOJIHOCTHMa.

OH npeHocH OTBopeHO HJIH cxpnaeno xyssanocr H Jby6a3HocT y Y'IHOHHl~H; rpnex-
CH6HJIHO xao lIITO je y06H4ajcHo, He H3JIa)KyhH ce npecajn 11 cTpecy. Pa36opl1TOCT
My H OBAe nOMa)KC.
Osaj HaCTaBHI1K raxohe 3Ha na uncony MQ)KC nanycnrrn y CBaKO notia. Me-
l)yTHM, aKO OCTaHC, OH he je H3Ap>KaTI1 xao 11 OHO lIITO TaMO 'IHHI1. [JPI1TOM je OA
nonohn KOJIHKO MO>KC. A 3aUITO 6H uanyurrao lIIKOJIy? "AKo oneur, AohH he 1'0-
CnOAI1H Majep aa TBOjC MCCTO, a TO MI1 nehexto." - OAJIyKa neue 6HJIa jc jCAHOrJIa-
CHao Y CBaKOM 60JIy KOjH liM HaHOCH, OHlI ocehajy na lIX lIITlITlI II nourryje. Ilopyxa
xoja AOJIa3lI OA OBaKBor HaCTaBHlIKa npencrann.a MohHO H ACJlOTBOpHO crpyjaise
lI3 cp~a: "Ja caM JlWIHOCT OA poheu,a xao II BlI. BCpyjCM Y cc6c - xao H BlI. BOJII1M
cc6e OHaKBor KaKaB caxt, lICTO xao IlITO II BlI MO>KeTC na BOJllITC ce6c OHaKBlIM xa-
KBH CTe."

XYEEPTYC <l>OH mOHEEEK (SCHOENEBECK) je POl)CH 1947. rOAHHC, OTa~

jc ABOjC OApaCJlC II ABOjC MaJlC i~C~C. Hcrpaxonsao jc MoryhHocTlI ayTcHTwIHC KO-
MYHI1KaI~lIje 6e3 sacnaratsa. 0 TOMC je oA6paHlIo AOKTOpCKy nnceprauajy II yTC-
MeJblIO cxnaraa,e CBeTa xoje he Ha3BaTlI "AMICATION" ("TIplIjaTeJbCTBo"). Ileny-
je npexo YAPY>KClba (xoje je OCHOBao ca npnjarersnaa 1978): "TIplIjaTCJbCTBO ca
AC~OM" ("Freundschaft mit Kindem" e. Y.) KaKO 611 CBCT ynosnao ca )KI1BOTOM 6C3
sacmrraa.a, lIAcjOM 0 Jby6aBlI npexra CC6lI II aMlIKa~lIjlI. X. cp. Illonefiex AP)KlI
npeAaBaH,a aa YHlIBep3lITCTI1Ma 11 o6pa30BHI1M lIHcTI1TyqlIjaMa y 3CMJbl1 II I1HO-
CTpaHcTBy. Oojaauo je BHIlIC KlblIra 0 aMI1KaTI1BHoj reopnja II npaxcn.

Opnrunanan npnnor rrpeBCJII1 ca HCMa'IKor

PaAMlIJla II l1Cl1AOP I'paopau

06jaBJbCHH lliOllC6cKOBH TCKCTOBH na cpncxosr jC3HKY

- Ilopoauua 6e3 eaciiuiiiatea (Tlpujaiiiemciiieo ca oeuou y iiopoouuu], KpeaTI1BHo
nacnnraa,e, 3, Beorpan 1998.
- AHluuueguzozuju - tuiiia je lUO? (11 6116JIl1orpacpcKa fie.neunca), Ilenarornja, 3,
Beorpan 2002.
- Ilpujaiilen.ciiieo ca aeuou, ,I.l,cTlIlbCTBO, 3-4, HOBlI CaA 1980.

TYMaQClba H H3BOPH nocrnenarornje

<PJllITHCP, A., Koupaoe, IUUKO je Z080PU,/lU zocuoi)a MaMa. 0 oaioj» u ue-oaiojy.
Enyua, 3arpc6 2005,
<PJII1THCP, A., OllluepeheH>e iiipaouuujou: .Llpua iieoaioiuja", Ilenarourxa crnap-
HOCT, 5-6 II 7-8, HOBI1 CaA 1995.
Fpaopau, 11., Baciuuiuuee u tcouyuutcauuia, MC, HOBII CaA 1995,
I'paopau, 11., Mouiiiecopu iieoaioiuja, iiociiuieaaiouuco UCKYC1U80 It xputuhanctce
epeauociuu, Ilenarornja, 4, 2001.

162
Dr Hubertus von Schocncbeck: KOMYHl1KALI,V1JA CA ,IJ,ELI,OM Y ,IJ,OEA nOCTMO,IJ,EPHE

fyAjOHC, X., Ilociiiuoaepua U naytca 0 eaciiuiiuuey, Ilenarornja, 3, 2002.

Fynjonc, X., !7egazozuja-- iiieuen.na 3HaH,a, EAY1~a, 3arpe6 1994.
Py'IKH, K., Yeoa Y upuy Llegazozujy, Hneje, 1, Beorpan, 1988.
Py'IKH, K., bCWU JUl ce iieaaioiuia cpetiou gelueluar, D,eTHlbcTBO, 3-4, HOBU CaA
1983.
MHJJep, A., Ilpaua gjeluuH,CtU6a. Y iioneiiitcy 6ujaLUe oaio]: Y iiotupasu 3a caMUM
C060M, EIWKa, 3arpe6 1995.
Jle6oaje, <I)., Pobeu.e 6e3 nacun.a, I'pannna, Hum 1989.
MHr~, M., Ciio n U UieMuepaMeHtU y iiipu iipuuuiiiuena gpylUluc;a, 3arpe6 1969.
Koneeuuuja U Pesonyuuja 0 ge'ljuM iipaeuua, YHI1IJ,E<p, I1pl1jaTeJ1>11 neue Cp611je

Hubertus von Schoenebeck, Ph. D., Germany

COMMUNICATION WITH CHILDREN IN THE POSTMODERN PERIOD

Summary

There have been changes in all areas of man's life, so it has also happened in the
area of relationships between children and adults. It seems that it is the most difficult for
teachers to accept novelties in communication between man and the world, especially tho-
se concerning new relationships with the children. The reality of authentic humanity turns
more and more to the awaken sensibility for children's rights and equality, on one hand,
and friendship between children and adults, on the other.
There are more and more families who bring their children up without using classi-
cal pedagogical methods. Also, there is an increasing number of the young who have no
experience with the patriarchal awareness of having responsibility of others and having
power above others. The main point in bringing-up becomes love of myself as I am really
like. The hypothesis that man is homo educandus has been denied by experience.
In the post modern world there is no ruling of absolute values. Everything is relati-
ve. Pluralism and differences constitute man's world.
The confirmation of a new teacher in school, in front of pupils and parents, has
hardly been perceived by pedagogy because it is expressed by emotions and trust. Only in
the post-pedagogical perspective do the importance of honesty, reevaluation of traditional
pedagogical ideals and personal values and prejudices become understandable.

Key words: child, equality, authenticity, simulation, amication, postmodern, new

relationships

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.n-p Hubertus von Schoenebek (UJoHe6eK), Ninhagen, HeMa4Ka

KOMMYHI1KAlJ,I15I C JI:ETbMI1 B ITEPI10JI:E nOCTM0JI:EPHA

Pe31DMe

Ilepevenu rrpoacureznuae BO BCCX crpepax 4CJIOBC4eCKOH )KH3HH a TaK)I(C H B OT-

HOllleHH5IX MC)K,lJ,Y ,lJ,eTbMH H B3POCJIbIMH, YCIl1TeJI5IM Ka)l(CTC5I TPYJlHCC scero npnnsrrs HO-
BaUHH H KOMMYHl1KaUl1l1 4CJIOBeKa H MHpa, B OC06CHHOCTH rex, «oropue KaCaIOTC5I HO-
BblX oruoruemdl K ,lJ,CT5IM, C ,lJ,eTbMH, ITP05lBHBUla5lc5I 4YBcTBHTeJIbHOCTb K ,lJ,CTCKHM npa-
BaM, pasuonpaaaa H ,lJ,Py)I(6a ,lJ,CTCH H B3POCJIblX BCe B 60JIbUleH Mepe CTaIlOB5ITC5I ,lJ,CH-
CTBHTeJIbHOCTbl() aYTeHTH4Horo rYMaHH3Ma,
YBeJIH4aeTC5I 411CJIO ceMeH, icoropsre nO,lJ,HI1MaI()T ,lJ,eTeH 6e3 BocnHTaHH5I H 4HCJIO
ztpy-
MOJIO.!1bIX JIK))l,eH Y KOTOpblX HeT narpnapxansnoro C03HaHH5I H OTBeTCBeHHOCTH .!1JI51
cauouy eerie, ra-
roro, CHJIbl Ha)l, ,lJ,PyrHM. KOCT5IKOM l1)l,eHTI1TeTa CTaHOBI1TC5I JII()60Bb K
KOMy KaKHM 51 )l,eHCTBHTCJIbHO, onsrr ocnapasaer ranorea; 4eJIOBCK homo educandus.
B MHpe nOCTMO)l,epHa ner BJIa,lJ,CIII151 a6COJII()THblX HCHHOCTeH, Bee OTHOCHTCJ1bHO,
TIJII()panH3M H pa3JII14H5I <pOpMI1pyI()T 4eJIOBe4CCKI1H MHp,
A(pHpMaHHlD, ycnex Y4I1TCJI5I HOBOro runa B LIlKOJIC, nepen Y4CHI1KaMI1 11 porrre-
JI5IMI1, caaa rtenaroraxa penxo 3aMC4aCT, TaK KaK sro aupazcaerca clYBCTBaMI1 H tlOBCpH-
eM, 3Ha4eHI1e HCKpeHHOCTH, nposepxa Tpa)l,H1\I10HHbIX ne,lJ,arOrH4eCKI1X (1)l,CaJIOB, JIH4-
HbIX ueHHOCTCH H npe)l,paccy)l,KOB CTaHOBI1TC5I 51CHbIM TOJIbKO B nocrnenarornvecxof
rrepcnexrnne,

Onopnue CJIOBa: pe6eHOK, paanonpasne, ayTeHTH4HOCTb, n06y)l()l,eHI1C, nOCTMO-

nepn, HOBbIe OTHOllleHH5I

164