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    20110117090106chapter 1 Biomolecules

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    Nik Adda
    This document discusses biomolecules and their functional groups. It introduces the major classes of biomolecules - carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids - and describes their basic composition and characteristics. Examples are given of how small changes to biomolecules can impact health. Activities at the end instruct students to identify biomolecules in foods and active in the body, and consider their roles during sleep.

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    20110117090106chapter 1 Biomolecules

    Uploaded by

    Nik Adda
    62 views12 pages
    This document discusses biomolecules and their functional groups. It introduces the major classes of biomolecules - carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids - and describes their basic composition and characteristics. Examples are given of how small changes to biomolecules can impact health. Activities at the end instruct students to identify biomolecules in foods and active in the body, and consider their roles during sleep.

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    20110117090106CHAPTER 1 BIOMOLECULES

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    This document discusses biomolecules and their functional groups. It introduces the major classes of biomolecules - carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids - and describes their basic composition and characteristics. Examples are given of how small changes to biomolecules can impact health. Activities at the end instruct students to identify biomolecules in foods and active in the body, and consider their roles during sleep.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pdf or txt
    62 views12 pages

    20110117090106chapter 1 Biomolecules

    Uploaded by

    Nik Adda
    This document discusses biomolecules and their functional groups. It introduces the major classes of biomolecules - carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids - and describes their basic composition and characteristics. Examples are given of how small changes to biomolecules can impact health. Activities at the end instruct students to identify biomolecules in foods and active in the body, and consider their roles during sleep.

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    of 12

    1/17/2011

    CHAPTER 1

    BIOMOLECULES

    CONTENTS
    • Functional groups of biomolecules

    • Major classes of biomolecules

    1
    1/17/2011

    LO
    • List the functional groups

    • Identify the major biomolecules in life

    Organic & Inorganic Compounds

    2
    1/17/2011

    FUNCTIONAL GROUP

    • Atoms or clusters of atoms that covalently


    bond to carbon in organic molecules.

    • The number, kind, and arrangement of these


    groups give rise to specific properties such as
    polarity and acidity.

    Major R groups:

    – Hydroxyl
    – Carbonyl
    – Carboxyl
    – Amine
    – Phosphate
    – Sulfhydryl
    – Methyl

    3
    1/17/2011

    Location Character

    Amino acids/ Polar


    sugars/
    alcohols

    Sugar, amino Polar,


    acids, reactive
    nucleotides

    Fatty acids, acidic


    amino acids,
    carbohydrates

    Location Character

    Amino acids/ basic


    some
    nucleotides
    bases

    Nucleotides
    (ATP), RNA, High
    DNA, energy,
    phospholipids, polar
    many proteins

    Cysteine (an Forms


    amino acid) disulfide
    bridges

    4
    1/17/2011

    ACTIVITY 1

    Just One Wrong Amino Acid… glutamic acid, is


    replaced by valine..

    Sickle cell anemia..

    BIOMOLECULES

    • MAJOR BIOMOLECULES

    • MINOR BIOMOLECULES

    5
    1/17/2011

    MAJOR BIOMOLECULES
    • CHO
    • LIPID
    • PROTEIN
    • NUCLEIC ACID (DNA & RNA)

    MINOR BIOMOLECULES

    • METABOLITES
    • VITAMINS
    • HORMONES
    • MINERALS

    6
    1/17/2011

    CHO- built from H, C, O.

    Activity 2

    • Many types of plastic are composed of


    molecules derived from cellulose, but
    engineers are working hard to develop plastics
    based on starch molecules. Why must starch-
    based plastics is better than cellulose-based
    plastics?

    7
    1/17/2011

    Lipids- built from H, C, O

    Activity 3

    High temperature converts animal fats to oil.


    After cooling, why the oil return to their solid
    form?

    8
    1/17/2011

    Proteins- built from H, C, O, N + S

    • Structural proteins vs chemical proteins

    Activity 4
    • The silk of a spider web. What is it?

    9
    1/17/2011

    Proteins- built from H, C, O, N, P


    Single-stranded Double-stranded

    SUMMARY

    10
    1/17/2011

    But even simple building blocks, like Legos, can create some complex shapes.

    ACTIVITY 5

    • BIOMOLECULES IN MY FOOD!

    – IDENTIFY THE BIOMOLECULES IN YOUR BREAKFAST/


    LUNCH.

    11
    1/17/2011

    ACTIVITY 6

    • IDENTIFY THE ACTIVE BIOMOLECULES IN YOUR


    BODY AT THIS MOMENT.

    ACTIVITY 7
    When you’re sleeping..

    12

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