SHARDA UNIVERSITY

School of Engg. & Tech.

By:-
B.Tech. [EEE] Students
 Force on box Force on person
by person by box

Force on floor by box Force on box

by floor

It’s the sum of all the forces that determines the acceleration.
Every force has an equal & opposite partner.
Corrugations in the surfaces grind when things slide.
Lubricants fill in the gaps and let things slide more
 Force of Floor acting on Box

Force from floor on box

cancels gravity.

If the floor vanished, the

box would begin to fall.

Force of Earth acting on Box (weight)

How does anything ever move (accelerate) if every force
has an opposing pair?
The important thing is the net force on the object of
interest

Force on box
by person

Net Force
on box
Force on box
by floor
 Static frictional force: when nothing is sliding
Sliding frictional force: when surfaces are sliding
Static frictional forces always greater than sliding ones

 Lubrication provides microscopic rollers between surfaces

 “Normal” means
perpendicular
Reaction Force
From Ramp Normal
Force

Friction
Force

Weight of block Weight of block

Friction Force = Normal Force  (coefficient of friction)
Ffriction = Fnormal
Forces have to be concurrent in order
to be in equilibrium.
Friction forces as a function of P

Maximum value of friction forces is called the

limiting value of static friction. This condition is
also called the impending motion.
Tip vs. slip
P2>P1

F1
F2
Body Tips
 The magnitude of the
friction forces
Fmax=sN
Where s is the coefficient of static friction.
It is independent of normal forces and area of contact.

The general case for equilibrium condition

F<sN
Once the body starts to slip
F=kN k is the coefficient of dynamic friction

k < s
The Resultant of the friction and
normal forces

R= N2+F2 tan = F/N

At the point of impending motion:

R= N2+F2max = N2+(sN)2 = N 1+ s2

tan s= F/N= sN/N= s s is the angle of static friction

s
Gravity forces in inclined
surfaces

For equilibrium: s

 Name Roll
Md. Shadab Khan 48
Md. Zeeshan Faizi 49
Abhishek Sengar 07
Anirudh Saikia
Mayank Sharma 47
Ankit
Anurag Sharma
Himanshu Bisht 39
Prasun Rawat 56
Ashish Prasad 26