LEARNING

LEARNING

A RELATIVELY PERMANENT
CHANGE IN BEHAVIOUR THAT
OCCURS AS A RESULT OF AN
EXPERIENCE
 LEARNING

INVOLVES CHANGE
CHANGES MUST BE DEEP
SEATED
SOME FORM OF EXPERIENCE IS
NECESSARY FOR LEARNING
THEORIES OF LEARNING
CLASSICAL CONDITIONING – IVAN PAVLOV

A TYPE OF CONDITIONNG IN WHICH AN INDIVIDUAL

RESPONDS TO SOME STIMULUS THAT WOULD NOT
ORDINARILY PRODUCE SUCH A RESPONSE

MEAT – UNCONDITIONED RESPONSE

RESPONSE TO MEAT - CONDITIONED RESPONSE
BELL – ARTIFICIAL/CONDITIONED/ADAPTED/ TAILORED
STIMULUS
BELL & MEAT – CONDITIONED RESPONSE
EXAMPLE

TOP EXECUTIVES –CLEANING

WINDOWS-WELL BEHAVED AND
WELL DRESSED EMPLOYEES
OPERANT CONDITIONING

A TYPE OF CONDITIONING IN
WHICH DESIRED VOLUNTARY
BEHAVIOUR LEADS TO A REWARD
OR PREVENTS A PUNISHMENT

B.F. SKINNER
EXAMPLE

+1 IN INTERNALS
SALES COMMISSION
BEHAVIORISM

BEHAVIOUR FOLLOWS STIMULI IN

A RELATIVELY UNTHINKING
MANNER

CONCEPTS OF FELLINGS,
THOUGHTS ARE REJECTED AS
THE CAUSE OF BEHAVIOUR
SOCIAL LEARNING

THE VIEW THAT PEOPLE CAN

LEARN THROUGH OBSERVATION
AND DIRECT EXPERIENCE

EXTENSION OF OPERANT
CONDITIONING
INFLUENCE OF MODELS IS
CENTRAL TO SOCIAL LEARNING
ATTENTION PROCESS – ATTRACTIVE, REPEATEDLY
AVAILABLE

RETENTION PROCESS – HOW WELL AN INDIVIDUAL

REMEBERS AFTER THE MODEL IS NOT READILY
AVAILABLE

MOTOR REPRODUCTION PROCESS – DOING

REINFORCEMENT PROCESS – INCENTIVES AND

REWARDS
SHAPING BEHAVIOUR

SYSTEMATICALLY REINFORCING
EACH SUCCESSIVE STEP THAT
MOVES AN INDIVIDUAL CLOSER
TO DESIRED BEHAVIOUR
METHODS OF SHAPING
BEHAVIOUR
POSITIVE REINFORCEMENT- PRAISE BY
BOSS
NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT – QUESTIONS IN
CLASS
PUNISHMENT – SUSPENSION
EXTINCTION – REMOVAL OF
REIN FORCEMENT