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Basics of Petroleum Physical Properties
Basics of Petroleum Physical Properties
Basics of Petroleum Physical Properties
BASIC PHYSICS
LIQUIDS
GASES
VAPOUR PRESSURE
THE CONSTITUENTS OF PETROLEUM PRODUCTS HAVE A WIDE
RANGING VOLATILITY.
FLASH POINT
IT IS THE LOWEST LIQUID TEMP AT WHICH A SMALL FLAME
INITIATES A FLASH OF FLAME ACROSS THE SURFACE OF THE LIQUID
THEREBY INDICATING THE PRESENCE OF A FLAMMABLE GAS / AIR
MIXTURE ABOVE THE LIQUID.
HEAVY GAS OILS AND DIESEL OILS HAVE A FLASH POINT OF 60 DEG C
AND > WHEREAS AVIATION FUEL, KEROSENE HAS A FLASH POINT OF
60 DEG C AND <.
FLAMMABILITY
• IN THE PROCESS OF BURNING HYDROCARBON GASES REACT
WITH OXYGEN IN THE AIR TO PRODUCE CO2 AND WATER. THE
REACTION GIVES ENOUGH HEAT TO FORM A VISIBLE FLAME
WHICH TRAVELS THROUGH THE MIXTURE OF HYDROCARBON
GAS AND AIR.
• WHEN THE GAS ABOVE LIQUID HYDROCARBON IS IGNITED THE
HEAT IS ENOUGH TO EVAPORATE SUFFICIENT FRESH GAS TO
MAINTAIN THE FLAME, AND THE LIQUID IS SAID TO BURN.
• A MIXTURE OF HC GAS AND AIR CANNOT BE IGNITED AND
BURN UNLESS ITS COMPOSITION LIES WITHIN A RANGE OF GAS
IN AIR CONCENTRATIONS KNOWN AS “FLAMMABLE RANGE”
HAVING A LOWER / UPPER FLAMMABILITY LIMITS (LFL / UFL).
POLLUTION VIS-À-VIS PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF
PETROLEUM BASED OIL
Viscosity is the measure of a liquid's resistance to flow. The higher the viscosity of
the oil the greater the tendency for it to stay in one place.