EXPERIMENT -

Date-

Aim: To perform image negative and gray level slicing.

Requirements: Preferably gray scale image and Matlab ( any version).

Theory:

Image negative

Image Negative

Image negatives of an image invert all the pixel intensities of an image.

This means that the dark spots of an image would be made light and the vice versa. An image
negative thus is similar to the photographic negatives that are taken from the earlier film role
cameras.

Image negative of a binary image would simply make the pixels with
intensity 0 to intensity 1 and those pixels with intensity 1 to intensity zero. Let us look at the
formula for image negatives.

For the range ‘L’,

And for original intensity ‘r’,

Transformed intensity ‘s’ is given by

s= (L-1)-r ……..Equation 1

Equation 1 shows that the range of intensities of pixels is simply used to invert the original
intensity.

Eg. For an 8 bit image with range of intensities of 256 i.e. from 0 to 255.

Here L=256
 For an intensity 200 (r=200),

The transformed is

s=(256-1)-200

s=55

Thus all the pixels of intensity 200 will be changed to an intensity of 55

Graph for Image Negation

Applications for Image Negation

1)Image Negation has many application in the field of medicine like the production of X-
rays

2) Image Negation can be used as a backup for photographs.

Gray level slicing ( Intensity level slicing)

In gary level scaling we select specific gray-level values of interest and mapping them to a
specified (typically high/bright) value.
 1) Highlights only the range [A – B]

2) Preserves other intensities

Applications:

To highlight particular object in an image.

Conclusion:
Thus we can highlight object in an image using gray level slicing and for medical application we
use image negative process.