SUBATOMIC PARTICLES

OF AN ATOM

Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
 The Relative Mass and Charge of
Subatomic Particles
Subatomic Symbol Relative Mass Charge
particle
Proton p+ 1 +1

Electron e- approximately -1
0.0005
Neutron n 1 0
 Proton and neutrons are locate in the nucleus.

 Electrons are arranged in electron shells

surrounding the nucleus.

 Proton & neutrons called as nucleons-both

occupy the nucleus.

 No. of electrons = no. of protons (electrically

neutral). ex:magnesium (12) and nitrogen (7)
 Proton Number and Nucleon Number
 Proton no.(atomic no.)=no. of protons in the
nucleus of an atom.

 Nucleon no. (mass no.)=no. of protons +

neutrons in the atom.

 Ex: a sodium atom has 11 protons and 12

neutrons, hence the nucleon no. of sodium is 23
 Symbol of element
Element Symbol

Hydrogen H

Carbon C

Sodium Na
 Isotopes and Their Importance
 Isotopes = same no. of protons but
different no. of neutrons.
Have the same chemical properties
because have the same electronic
configuration.