Ecosystem

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Coral reefs are an example of a marine ecosystem.

Rainforests often have a great deal of biodiversity with many plant and animal species.
This is the Gambia River in Senegal's Niokolo-Koba National Park.
An ecosystem consists of all the organisms living in a particular area, as well as all the
nonliving, physical components of the environment with which the organisms interact,
such as air, soil, water, and sunlight.[1] It is all the organisms in a given area, along with
the nonliving (abiotic) factors with which they interact; a biological community and its
physical environment.[1] The entire array of organisms inhabiting a particular ecosystem
is called a community.[1] In a typical ecosystem, plants and other photosynthetic
organisms are the producers that provide the food.[1] Ecosystems can be permanent or
temporary. Ecosystems usually form a number of food webs.[2]

Ecosystem is a functional unit consisting of living things in a given area, non-living

chemical and physical factors of their environment, linked together through nutrient cycle
and energy flow.[citation needed]

1. Natural
1. Terrestrial ecosystem
2. Aquatic ecosystem
1. Lentic, the ecosystem of a lake, pond or swamp.
2. Lotic, the ecosystem of a river, stream or spring.
2. Artificial, environments created by humans.

Examples of ecosystems

• agro-ecosystems
• Agroecosystem
• Aquatic ecosystem
• Chaparral
• Coral reef
• Desert
• Forest
• Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem
• Human ecosystem
• Large marine ecosystem
• Littoral zone
• Lotic
• Marine ecosystem
• Prairie
• Rainforest
• Riparian zone
• Savanna
• Steppe
• Subsurface Lithoautotrophic Microbial Ecosystem
• Taiga
• Tundra
• Urban ecosystem