Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • Document2011 04 17 175033

    Uploaded by

    Sajjad Mahmud
    83 views15 pages
    Unit is always written in singular form. E.g., foot not feet. (c) If a unit is named after a person, the symbol used is a capital letter. (d) more than one unit is not used at a time. (e) Addition and subtraction rule: Two or more physical quantities are added or subtracted when their units and dimensions are same.

    Original Description:

    Original Title

    document2011-04-17-175033

    Copyright

    © Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Report this Document
    Unit is always written in singular form. E.g., foot not feet. (c) If a unit is named after a person, the symbol used is a capital letter. (d) more than one unit is not used at a time. (e) Addition and subtraction rule: Two or more physical quantities are added or subtracted when their units and dimensions are same.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pdf or txt
    83 views15 pages

    Document2011 04 17 175033

    Uploaded by

    Sajjad Mahmud
    Unit is always written in singular form. E.g., foot not feet. (c) If a unit is named after a person, the symbol used is a capital letter. (d) more than one unit is not used at a time. (e) Addition and subtraction rule: Two or more physical quantities are added or subtracted when their units and dimensions are same.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 15
    Units and Measurements Syllabus: Units for mencaroen, stom of eis, utd and erie ity, dimensions end tc pplication Review of Concepts 1. Geammar of nit (6) Thoin ialeays writen in singular fom. foot (0) No punctation marks are sed afr unit oe (© Ua unit i named afer a person, the unit i not walter with capital inal eter aewion ot (2) Fa ati named ater person the smb ue 4 Gopal eter The rymbels of ther unit we et {eciten in expt ators eg, N fr newton fot 9) (@) Mere tan one anit snot ed a» tine 4g Ipoiee=14/s Pen Foc second Step 1s The ait force Step > log mete per second? 4 Abbreviations for maltiples and submaltipis: cor Pretie Symba ry yet ¥ 10 et e ie ne cs a mega M © le k 1 tate h 10! asa de ww pico 5 ws fento r nits and Meturements Fedor Pret ow ste wot po ww yest ~ milion w ‘aon 10" ‘aon 5, Some approsimat lengths: Dice to the Fit galanin formed Distance to he Andromeda aly Distance to the neat se (Grenia Center) Ditace of Pato ‘Thieknoes ofthis page Length of piel vue aclu of «hydrogen ton Radius of prot (Some approsimate time intra Lite ine of proto (rected) ‘Age of the pram of cheops uaman ie expectancy “Tine between human hese bets le tinea he Mon, Short ab ight pe te ine ofthe mont unstable pt The Park toe 7 Some approximate maze ‘Object Our galny sin Asteroid roe pant Gnpe Speck of dust Pectin mlesule rain stom | oon Symbol Leng in mes ae eat oer bart Tine interal Devcoed tae sx107 ba! aa? veiot oer Lae Mass in iloge Lio peo ae” re see re? ser sei? se10! 2x0? Dimensions and. Dimensional Ferme: The linensora of a physel quanty ate powers ated to Tundamentl ita to get the derived unit af Wat py sant Thecrpining epesin he Tn the representen of meron female fdas gunner represent y ne er symbol Tondameatal Qua Sm as ™ 1 k Length or Dstance Time Temperate [Asoo of ebotace al [amino neaty A ‘Method fo feng dimensional formulae Step: Wit the fxmla of phi aan Sp Hs Convent the formula tt rdaentl physical rey, Spl: Write te coneperdingsybe fe funda Step IV: Make proper algebraic combiiton and get Example! Find th dimensions of momentum Solation: Step 1-4 Mementum = Maer Velocity Step I+ Momentum = Maze Depa ay oT [Moment] = ALT) ‘The dimensions of moment te 1a mt in length nd =i inte uample: The wit of gravitons ont e Nig Find cimesen of pave conan Soltion: Step 1-+ Wee physical quantities of corres ‘Sup I+ Momerturn Here, int _ Force Length? We Os? Step lI + Conver derived physics! quanttes in fundamental guatitcs earns constant = FOE Cena vs? Leng (eng Sty Il Use proper symbols of fundamental quantities Gravitational constant = HE. Mt] iT =pctTy oes ies eceracea snes = Ss E[ienaeee teee | eeanee | weer | Pees eae a vee a See Bae eve she arate "| pee alee, See t]he eoonen See : a ene Sas a fea ; (tice See lo o 3 oie eral ean S| ie hoe feces los = a xcheight 1 oa (22) faggoneene ae sears oe iat ey - ve | cinesonts 12 fener ewepseont | ee | me pemeeemmemt| gs | ame 7 eae ey kilogram metre per! Nor kygm/s Mut? peeeaits vfemrmmmnnen | menatany [Se re] acer | yes eon eet ote na ‘area |sqquare metre Motels bated if eee dee td feat S| gece | were it ee ceatet terl faeces erste cen er] Hv wer ine second or kilogram! ag m®ss?oc/s | yiyzgs 23, [angular velodty (a) angle@ radian per second ae Mert Units and Measurements Se] Pe eeanty Feemul Name of stat | St Unie 30 | Rgaer aca | age nga fdan pee Sor [oe mat & |somertotinea | quantdnanen? ftiowam square mere | gat [mom orsmtee ca | ales lew : psp mates Se ee pata gan veal am frre ie Ht Remeriacae | nell [Nem or kg m/s Mere | square metre per square | ee : 2 [oprme ocecomanioo| git es" itogam pr| sm ortga! | tte ” | square second lest ee ee | we | cae 21 [sen pntcormeesgine |g ies 12 [sou erm re meee] ae | igs [ome Fay i: cae 14 fangs meds o9 ec ee oy ee res ero ene et inaat 3. |canpetny pre mee oo] esa | eu 27 |ottes ot any 0 foram ipa reece aie [shear modulus metre ‘Whet mir sa. [Cot of vay pa ot gam pe] | : fe prse agms eps] tt 2 fot of stay pemen om otal] aya | ate «2 freee rant) aN eS te «fran ee = wert 2 [remeron japoeuoperte Son | wert 1 [ang tue 0 in pr ond vas wet ‘|i pe — fl a $5 fine ave [repo nny ets mete eee ee wat | whe er 1s | cnet Te eterna | seartes | arteries ey es seroma’ ort ncas y eee Meer aistince ; Dine Sma eoty Nemesia [stun | Pim 3 [eon | a «0 {ermal county) paccabeyeemeeepe| hay Jaearee celsus per} asc: MUTI 50 [spate at face orm | ae | gta: 51 [tam na progam ie wit 12 [pa ae peso : wor! 18 | atm est oe ertein teers 54 [suits seman errr eel ee ese o wer constant (o) per (ketviny® rere 1 | Come Deere el Asare rot [coulomb ent 5+ |e men Uritier | inet |e nas a rwsnintie| carta | adiee apace 58 [pont a eter ee el yeaa | uae Salon 2, |p ite moment clon ete cn wen 6 |pene mn it eee «|e bee va [wae lowe «2 [remy of te spc au coon vinnie ea newton per square metre| — 6 | copia cut " wee 64 [spate tne a tee StH i eheca naay «| Cntecone * or moo an hen anpee pu Aor Sermo} MCT 6 | cont dnty fe rt ae «fon ra weer! place fess or newcn pe ina Mot SS 6, |e o pc fs er rere wore ts 1m [iste ste monn ewommetenereas | es | gaa 1, [oat tx eer v0 worse! 7 [intone fee per amps oe] mat | saunas ein rs es err Time constant # or CR | a ‘Unite and Measurements 10, Homogeneity principles Ifthe dimension of lft band side ef am equston ar egeal tthe dimensions right and sie ofthe equation, then the equation daverslonally correct. This is known ax homogenetyprnciple Mathematically, (LHS)=(RHS] 1. Uses of dimensions (a) To check the eorrcnets of given phy gestion: According 10 homogenely prvepl, ithe ) For éimensional balance, dimensions on both sds shouldbe sume sbe0 and —2h=1 (ce, numeral vale of nes of simple pends oo] (0 comer «physical quantity fom ene aytem 0 iheomers Dinzwiond forme usa coer the vale of py guaty fom one syn the oer Py quany epee ae prot Sf mer value td ult intny ecm of rmeaument th proc eng ‘Satan By ang th fact we con cnvert he ale ‘tt pyc quantity to one system tte ter sample Comer el Jouc nS tof wort The dimeaons of ook in fi 0) TP Date CS an of work. The dimension of wrk ccs =a a falm te) oe LE Tam LTA Here, Muah Tynexcond Name cot ar dimension. ae (0) Tiignoretical ratice have no dimensions 6g. aponents have no dimensions, ee" In theca oan x both have mo dimensions « (@) Logins have no dimensions 9, In ee ns and both have no dimensions (6) This method gives n information about dimension consents Such. ae the univer cndant of frviation (G) or Planck's caneant (i) and where they have t be intoduce, (© Tos technique use! only for deducing and vealying power eltions. Relitonship invelving exponent, tgonometrie factions ee cana be ‘bmn or studied By ths techni @) In tis method, we compare te pontes of the fundamental quantities (Uke M. I, Tet) fo obtain 2 numberof independent equations for Sing the lunknown powers Sce, the total umber of such ‘justo annet exceed the numberof fundamen {qantes, we cannot use ths method 1 obtain the euied relations the quant of intrest depends Upon mere parame thn the. muer Findarenial quate wed. () Im many problems, it is dificult to guess the parametecson which the suantlly of inkest may Aepend This requles a Wained, sabe and nttve 18 Sigriteant figure (@) The sgnicant figures ae those number of digits in 2 qunntiy eat are known reably plus one ig that (©) AIL the nonzero gis te signs, 1925 hae Stguncant tures = (© Allzeon benncen to non-zero digits arson 104 has our sgacane fee (4) The zeros ofthe eight of decimal point and tothe het of a nonzero digit ave signicant, 00012 hae lgnicant figues os two whereas AD has oft Measured] Namber of Significant "aloes Feu 624 5 ots 2 sca 2 23100 5 A010! 3 14 Round off » digits The wl for rounding off @ ressuement are given blow (6) I the digit ght tothe one rounded is ort tan 5, the digit wo be rounded i crear by one (6) IF te igi right to the one rounded sls than 5, the digit tobe oundd remain the sane, (©) lf the git ght tothe one unde equal f 5, the igi o be rounded i inrened by oe, it is (GI the cg ight to the one rounded is equa 105, he Aig tobe rounded remain the same it even ‘Unis and Mesturements Example: Round of the flowing numbers t0 four sigan dig (a) 736499 0) sacsan8 © 1567509 @ 138576 Solution: (e) Here the fourth digit 4 and nest oe i 8 which is gener han 8, S, 73689 becomes 735. (0) Hers, the fourth digit and net one 4 whch ie Jess than 5 So, BAG5H38 becomes S465, (6) 1567569=1 567509 1 Here the fourth digits 7 and nest ne is 5, Bu cig 7s od, So, 186758910 becames 1.568% 10, (@ Here the fourth aig 2 and next one 5. But eigit 2 even 5, 1582576 becmes 1.62 Addition and sublacion rule: Beove addition and subiettion, all mensred vals ste rounded ff 0 amas, ‘umber of decal place Example: Evaluate 1268423400653 Solution: Here east number of sigaitcant Figures alter tinal ore rasta 13-23 Laszasor=a8 Solution: §435-23 ‘Att applcton of subtraction rule 58-25-35 Malipliction and division rule: In the case of ‘muliptiaion and divs, answer should bein the form of least numberof significant igure. 18. nor in meseracments There ae many cause of ror in mscement Errors may be due to inerumona Aleit, ignoring certain fets, celesness of experimenter "random change temperature, pressure, humidity et When Sh expernente rier to achaeurnte value of sou by dang large numberof experiments, the mean of large ‘number ofthe results of repeated experiment in lose 10 the true vale Lat yn “Thea the ue value of measurement is pty Snag BE Ye ae reals ofan experiment repeat» ‘The onder of err it ont EF The value of quantity Yaa Unite and Measurements . Example: The gravibational acceleration atthe surce x ‘fear measured by simple pendulum method by an (©) Petcentage error =¢="4—x 100 experimenter in. ropested experiments, The sel oh = ‘peated experiments ae given below Beample: The avorage speed of «train is measured by 5 stunts The result of meaburerents ae given Blow omnis acceleration (ys) Number of Stadents [Speed wa) T ‘02 mie T 2 os m/s 2 i 38 m/e 3 ‘ 108 m/s : 5 ion ‘ Cake 3 (3) men vale ‘ 1) teolte ror in exch result 9 {6) mean absolut oe 1 {@) rate enor The stnderd value of qraviteal acetone 98 ms at as shown in 10 experimen the vale ie em stad vale. This shows tht eer the mesrreren are Alpe by air etn instumenal defeat 1b. Calelation of Magnitade of Error Absolute ewor: Its defined ab tren ofthe tac vlue and ihe mean vee of «any (8) As, Ypan 104102202 Yan 2H ia=Yean-=104—104=00 The absolute error in first observation is. “Faun = WA-98~05 plaheins t90=Youn~We104=1062-02 ‘The sb rin second ebevation i 4th" 14=108=-08 ee fo aye lOOh Hart + +l The seats eo ath eberaton ie o2e00engs0ar04 Th ean seca ener ie (6) neta re 2 BE eras ag + tt e P = (e) Perwemtage error = —Y x: (b) Relative error or fractional error =. Pe Teen (0 Res = an Objective Questions. Level-1 1 nih of he foning quarts ie not dimensionless? 4. Which ofthe flowing dimes corms? 6) Reyolt muni Q) Sean G2) Speci ent = ole prog Kevin © Ange (2) Reo gyration © Spec het = newien per Moga bein 2 Wrath lining pi hese Siesine? 0) Spent = prs a) Torque nd wor (8) Nove ofthe above {8 Angas momenta and wok chin Gatyctmrcose tesa +cP whee veloc tea A.B | heen eg 4nd Care cont then he lnerlona nl o B nc oft tw pps gunn sneer EP one (a) Angle (b) Luminous intensity © peut @ wry ) Coffin of tction (2) Curent w 10 0 5 Which ofthe folowing isnot comet for dimensionless suanty 7 (a) Ie does nt exist) Te alays has a wit a (© Henevee has avait (4) Remy fave aunt Thing densty (9). velacty (2) and area (2) to be fundamental unt then the cimension of force ar () f'n) © eel (© (ere @ ea) a The dimensions of radian per second ae @ Bevery & peur} omvry (4) none of these The dimensional presentation of graviatina potential" {sential that of (a) inna energy @) angular omentum (© latent heat (4) elecne potent The volume of cube equ surface aro the ube The volun of ef (a) 216 ut ©) S12 unt (© 6 unt (4) none of thse ‘The dimensional formula of compress i: a @) perry peur (© (sar) (@) none ofthese Velcty gradient has some dimensional formal (a) angular frequency () angular momentum (© veleaty (4) none of these ‘An atmos (3) is unio pressure 0) aunt offre (0 ves an iden ofthe composition fair (@) bth height above which there i ne atmoophere The dimensional formula of Reynolsnurber par) © Det) Mery (2) none of thse The dcmcsonsof ie conatant ae per) © BeL'T) 1% © mn (2) none af hese The dimensions of seltnductane ne fo) ura © ETA meray @) patrxy ‘Sate which ofthe following const? (a jute = caulomb eval (8) joule = coulom/vett (0) Joule = vol + eoelomb {@) joule = volJeouloms ‘The dimensional formula of dete condutviy i: Level-2 ‘The amount of water in slog containing By apical ‘rose offer 10cm and crose-setona rads 5m (oe dense of water 1000 Kg ACPA) MLA) pera (wit ‘Which ofthe faiwing pair has same dimensions ? (a) Current density and charge density (©) Angular momentum an mameatim (6) Spring constant and surace energy (a) Fore and torque “The dimensional formals ofthe Hall oficen i: AAT oO AT © eran) @ neuen ‘The equation of alerting curent F=1y where 1 fete, Cis apactnce and Ris essance of cl then the dimensions of CR (6) (ar) peu © eT) (2) none of these ‘The dinereional fori of rods of gyration i @) Devry @ pe’ eer) (2) none of thee Univeral nei based on (a) rotation of earth ont as (0) cxllation of quarts etal {c) ibraion of ees atom {@) ears etbtal motion around the sun In the equstion y=asin(ae+in, the dimensional emule oo fa) (MOT ) (MeL 2 er) (@) pes ot ow ‘ 1, of oh coulomb, V= vl f= foul} 1 P represents ration pressure C represents speed of light and O represents radiation energy sting 3 uit fe pe soon then non ze Integers band € such that P*Q'C™ is dimensiones ate @)aLb-Les-1 () anLbe-Le=t © (8) a= 19-1 Taking tequeney J, velcty and density p to be the Fundamental quantities then he dimersena formal For ‘momentum ll be tf? (0 oy? tp @ rer (4) 537610? clog (a) 146 sug (0) 197.10" aog (0) 107 aog Units and Measurements 2 The capacity of 2 ves 65700! The ves i il with water Suppose that takes 12 hours t dain the ese Wha she mus flow rate of water fom the vessel? [The deity of water 1 gem] @) 12 Ags 1) 100s © Riis (oh 152g 3. Thohwight ofthe bung i508 Thesame in milimete (3) 500 mm ©) 285 mam (©) 17868 mm () 15280 mm 4. The name of the neret stat fe prima centaur. The slstane of hs str fom Earth 4101p The distance ‘of thi ste fom Earth ne (@) 3510" mile (&) 2810" mae (S310! mile (g) 1810" mie 5. The radius of hydrogen atom inground sate ie x10" em The rads of hyde stor in fern mete (lems 0m) (@) 5.104 0) 210% (© 5x10 tm (@ 5.10"im 6. One nautical mile 480 ft. These in kilometre (0) 09» (0) 08 ke (9 188 km (3) none ofthese 7. Te area ofa tao is 10m Te se in i () 176i" ©) hot (0 Tete (8 00m of thee The density of iron 6 787R/em the atoms are sphere an closely packed The mast of ron atom 92716104 What he volume ofan isn atom? 11810) 26507? w? © 173K10%m* (sy 05310 1 In the previous question, what the diatance between, ‘he enter of agcent atom? (a) 292K 10% m ——() 028210 m (© 20x10%m (633x107 m 10. The word's Iygest ut dlamnd ie he ist tar of Area (ovounted in the ith Roya Seulptare an kept in the tower of Landon). Ils volume in 188 cub ins What s a) so2xirm (sas 45m (2) None ofthese 11, Crane is rsh unt of volume. one rane = 170.74 ie) (@) 0170474 ©) 170074! (©) ono1774m? (4) 170474? 12, Geneclly, sugar cubes are added to colle. A ypc stg eae haan edge of length of Ie Minion edge length of ebiea! box containg one mole of th ua (0) 810m (0) 970m (6) 780 em (8) 730 km 18 The concorde the fastest tines wed for commer ervice Ie ean erate at 145 reper hows about to ithe sp of snd ets wor sch hat it in? @ oHsmis ©) m/s Ooms (@) Neve of thes ‘When phstidippides ram from Marathon 10 Athans in BO BC Wo being word of the Grock victory ove the ersians on the basis of approximate measurement, he fa ate sped of 23 ride per hour The ride san alent (Grek nit for distance, ab are the stadium and the Plctheron: One cide wae defined to be 4 sadam, one adium wae defined toe 6 plthran aa interne of SI unt one pletheren is SUB m. How ft did [helippdes fun in m/s? (6) 525 m/s approx) () 47 m/s (approx) (© M2./s appre) (@) 5173 m/s appre) 13, One light year & defined as the distance travelled by a mone year Tepe of ght 0 ve The (@) 310m (6) 9.41 10! m (@ 3x10 m (none ofthese The acceleration ofa crf 9 le per hou second. The 14erne (mare fo ons (2) none of thee ‘he slug egulaent to 186 bi A foe of 10 pound i 6 pple body uae hy he cnet of ey ) 445mvet 0) sats fo want (2) none of these 1 The speed flight in vacuum Is 35108 mvs, How many ano mond doce take 40 avel ome met in », (a) brs Bes ©) 3340 (2) none of hese 18, The time taken by an lecton t go rom ground sae to excited sate i ne shake one shake = 10"). This tne in aanrecond wil be (10% @) tre © 2ne (B00 20, The time between ham heat beat 810" econ How many esr eae ste mete in one mine? as Oo we eo 11, Tha age ofthe univer ie 510” second. The age of tniveme in year it 6) 15810 () ts810" © Bex (@) 15810" 22 Assuming the length ofthe day’ roc serenses by {Goo soon pee cena. The nt effect onthe este ‘fie over 3D centre ia (Gy 32 hour ) 21 how (6) 24 hour (Stour ‘The ramber of molecles of HO in 90g of water ) 356410 122x109 2x10 fo soni? The mas of earth & 598. 10h. The average stoic weight of atoms that make up Earth 40a How many ome ne there in ath? 9108 9x10" (@ 9x10 (@ 908 (One am is equivalent 10 931 Me energy. The et mass of electon 9.110" kg The mast equvsen energy (Bere 1am =167% 10" kg) (03073 Mev (ty 0053 Mev (© 40083 Mev (a) none of thee (One atomie mass unit in ama = 156% 10" iy The ‘omic weight of oxygen s 1. The mas fone atom of one () 2656x107 ig () 10594107 bg Mx) 2K iy (oe hone power equa ) 74s wae (oy 750 wate (9 73a (a) 766 wate Meme (a) Energy 0) Power (© Momentum () None ofthese (ne calorie of heat & equivalent 42 J. One BTU (Bris thermal unt ie oquvalon 4 1055 J, The value fone BTU in clo e (2) 2512. (&) amt 9 mal (a) none ofthese The vale of unig const is R= 83 cam The vale f Rin atrosphereite por anal (0) 812etmitreK ma (6) OOD8I2atm eee K ma (©) SL2atmtine/K mel) O08K2 at ite /K mal Refer the data from above question. Theva of Rin Calo per mal is {@) 2avmelC () dalmol'C (9 Geavmalc —— () BaleavmalC Electron volt is the unt of energy (1 eV =1.610"). In Heatom the binding energy of electron in fst obit i 13.6 e¥ The sae in joule) it @) 10) (&) 2176x10) © 16x10} (none of these 1mm of He pressure is equivalent to cn lot andere torr is equivalent to 1S33N/m* The atmosphere pressure in mi of i pres {@) 70mm (0) 760 men © 376mm (@) none of thse Units and Meseurements 34 One bar & equivalent 12 10°N/nd The atmosphere pressures 1.013310" N/m?. The sei ba (a) 188 br {1013 bor (© 2013 tor {e) none of eve 1 revolution is equivalent 1© 380" The value of 1 revolution pr inate (a) 2eaws © 3iraws () anosreas (6) none of hse Then the dimensions of BAe) © ours © mer] (@) none of hee The expresion for centripetal force depends upon mass of body speed of the body andthe radive of circular sth Find the expoeasion fr centripetal force rom ma wo ee 58 The masimam static rion on body Is F= HN Hie, N= normal reaction force onthe bos = coef of tae fetion “The dimenstons of itr} & pero) (6) dmensnless (4) none of hose What are cimensons of Young’ modus of elasticity? ) mer peur © par (4) None ofthese WF a6eniPs, ofc of viscosity 15 ras of spherical body rina velit af the body Find the values of 4b and 6 Gastbezent Gent @acaveyest a) anBbo nen os where, (0. Te suc elon 6 Te then Be dimes of sufacesension i: par} © ory © meer (6) none of thee 2 gas bubble fom an explosion under water oxic: ‘with aime pein T, depends upon sae pesete

    You might also like