MIS Supports manager/management in its

functional responsibilities
• Lower level Managers: Require frequent and highly
detailed information-predominantly from internal
sources.

• Top level managers : Top managers are primarily

concerned with strategic planning control so they
need information that is highly summarized and
focused on identifying general trends and
performance.
Sources of information:
1.External information: External information originates outside
the organization. Such information is needed by the upper
levels of management to plan and to guide the organization in
a profitable direction.

• description of customer satisfaction with products and services

• demand for new products or services
• knowledege of promotion, price change or product planned by
competing firms
• details of change in government regulations
2.Internal information:

Internal information originates from inside the organization.

Such information is needed by lower level managers and
some times by top level managers also.

Eg : 1.) exchange of information between two dipartments

Information needs of the various managerial levels
Characteristic Operational Middle control Strategic
of information control (top and planning
(first line) middle) (top level)

source Largely internal Largely

external
scope Well defined, Very wide
narrow
Level of detailed Aggregate
organization
Time horizon historical Future
currency Highly current Less current
Required high Low
accuracy
Frequency of Very frequent Less frequent
use
Firstline management:
• An MIS for operational control must provide highly accurate
and detailed information on a daily basis or weekly basis.
• MIS must provide here a high volume of timely and detailed
information derived from daily operations
• This information is purely internal.
Middle management:
• Middle managers such as division heads are concerned with
the current and future performance of their limits.
• The information need a at this level are both internal and
external. i.e aggregate from within as well as sources from
outside the organization respectively.
Top management:

• For top managers , the MIS must provide

information for strategic planning and
management control.
• For strategic planning, the external sources of
information are on economic conditions,
technological developments