Fluid Mechanics IV – Equations Compressible isothermal flow

p 22 − p12 p2  p  4 fp12V12 L
Compressible flow − V12 1 ln 2  = −
γ
2 RT  p1  2 DRT
 γ −1 2   γ − 1 2  (γ −1) Dimensionless Groups
To = T 1 + M  p 0 = p1 + M 
 2   2  V ρVl
γ Fr = Re =
1
lg µ
 γ −1  (γ −1) p1  T1  γ −1
ρ 0 = ρ 1 + M2 = 
 2  p 2  T2  We =
ρV 2 l
Ca =
V2
V P σ ( K ρ)
a = γRT M = ρ= ∆p V
a RT Eu = M=
• ρV 2 c
m = ρAV
C p = ∆p CD = F
Normal shock − see tables 0,5 ρV 2 0,5ρV 2 l 2
Converging/diverging nozzle CL = F
γ +1 0,5 ρV 2 l 2
  γ − 1  2  2(γ −1)
1 +  M 
A 1   2   Flow over submerged objects
=
A∗ M  γ +1 
Re crit =
Vd ρVd
= F=
1
C D ρAV 2
  ν µ 2
 2 
(γ +1) Sphere CD ≈ 0,2 (Re > 1×106)
• p0 A  2 
∗ 2 (γ −1) Infinite cylinder CD ≈ 0,75 (Re > 6×106)
m=  
RT0  γ + 1  fd  19,7 
Str = = 0,1981 −  250 < Re < 2 × 10 5
Fanno flow V  Re 
aspect ratio = span / mean chord
L actual = L∗1 − L∗2
4 fL∗ 1 − M 2 γ + 1  γ + 1 2  γ − 1 2  Terminal velocity of falling spheres
= + ln  M 1 + M  1
D γ 2γ  2  2   4 gd  ρ s  2
Vt =   − 1
 4 fL*   4 fL*   4 fLactual  3C  ρ 
  =   +    D

 D 1  D 2  D 
p 2M 2  γ − 1 2  Boundary layer flow
= 1 + M 
p* γ + 1  2  Ux
−1
Re crit = crit
T γ +1 γ −1 2  ν
= 1 + M  Laminar boundary layer
T* 2  2 
4,91x 1,721x
γ +1 δ = δ∗ =
V  γ + 1  γ − 1 2  −1  2(γ −1) 1
Re x 2
1
Re x 2
= M 1 + M  
V*  2  2   1,328
CD = 1
γ +1
Re x 2
po 1  2  γ − 1 2  2(γ −1)
*
=  1 + M  Laminar and Turbulent boundary layer
po M γ + 1  2  0,074 1742
CD = − (Recrit < ReL < 107)
Re1L5 Re L
Raleigh Flow
q = C P (T02 − T01 ) 0,455 1742
CD = − (107 < Rel)
p T V T0 p 0
(log10 Re L ) 2 ,58
Re L
; ; ; ; see tables F = 0,5ρU2b[(CD turbl) − (CD turbxcrit) + (CD lamxcrit)]
p ∗ T ∗ V ∗ T0∗ p 0∗