EqWorld http://eqworld.ipmnet.

ru

Exact Solutions > Linear Partial Differential Equations >

Second-Order Hyperbolic Partial Differential Equations > Linear Nonhomogeneous Wave Equation

2.2. Nonhomogeneous Wave Equation ∂ w = a2 ∂ w2 + Φ(x, t)

2 2
∂t 2 ∂x
2.2-1. Solutions of boundary value problems in terms of the Green’s function.
We consider boundary value problems for the nonhomogeneous wave equation on a finite interval
0 ≤ x ≤ l with the general initial conditions
∂w
w = f (x) at t = 0, = g(x) at t = 0
∂t
and various homogeneous boundary conditions. The solution can be represented in terms of the
Green’s function as
Z l Z l Z tZ l
∂
w(x, t) = f (ξ)G(x, ξ, t) dξ + g(ξ)G(x, ξ, t) dξ + Φ(ξ, τ )G(x, ξ, t − τ ) dξ dτ .
∂t 0 0 0 0

2.2-2. Domain: 0 ≤ x ≤ l. First boundary value problem for the wave equation.
Boundary conditions are prescribed:
w=0 at x = 0, w=0 at x = l.
Green’s function:
∞
2 X1 ³ nπx ´ ³ nπξ ´ ³ nπat ´
G(x, ξ, t) = sin sin sin .
aπ n l l l
n=1

2.2-3. Domain: 0 ≤ x ≤ l. Second boundary value problem for the wave equation.
Boundary conditions are prescribed:
∂w ∂w
=0 at x = 0, =0 at x = l.
∂x ∂x
Green’s function:
t
∞
2 X1 ³ nπx ´ ³ nπξ ´ ³ nπat ´
G(x, ξ, t) = + cos cos sin .
l aπ n l l l
n=1

2.2-4. Domain: 0 ≤ x ≤ l. Third boundary value problem (k1 > 0, k2 > 0).
Boundary conditions are prescribed:
∂w ∂w
− k1 w = 0 at x = 0, + k2 w = 0 at x = l.
∂x ∂x
Green’s function:
∞
1X 1
G(x, ξ, t) = sin(λn x + ϕn ) sin(λn ξ + ϕn ) sin(λn at),
a λn kun k2
n=1
λn l (λ2n + k1 k2 )(k1 + k2 )
ϕn = arctan , kun k2 = + ;
k1 2 2(λ2n + k12 )(λ2n + k22 )
λ2 − k1 k2
the λn are positive roots of the transcendental equation cot(λl) = .
λ(k1 + k2 )

1
2 LINEAR NONHOMOGENEOUS WAVE EQUATION

References
Budak, B. M., Samarskii, A. A., and Tikhonov, A. N., Collection of Problems on Mathematical Physics [in Russian],
Nauka, Moscow, 1980.
Polyanin, A. D., Handbook of Linear Partial Differential Equations for Engineers and Scientists , Chapman & Hall/CRC,
2002.

Linear Nonhomogeneous Wave Equation

Copyright °
c 2004 Andrei D. Polyanin http://eqworld.ipmnet.ru/en/solutions/lpde/lpde202.pdf